Kathmandu, Bhadra 13 2064.

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– rGb|k|sfz aflgof“ –

>fj0f ^ ut] >fj0f z'Sn kIf, bzdL ltlysf] z'e;fO{tdf k|1fejgsf] k|jrg sIfdf …DofUbL–sf7df8f}+ ;Dks{ d~r -Pdfn]_Ú åf/f of] jif{ Dofuf;f;] k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug]{ dxfjL/ k'gsf] ;Ddfg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . To; lbg pgL lgs} xtf/f]df /x]5g\ . ef]lnkN6} k'/:sf/ u|x0f ug{sf nflu dlgnftkm{ p8\g' kg]{ pgnfO{ xjfO{ l6s6sf] sGkmd]{;g ug'{kg]{ /x]5, 6«fen r]s agfpg' kg]{ /x]5, ;ftfe/sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ ;fdnt'dnsf] lem6LemofD6f ldnfpg' kg]{ /x]5 . lgs} Jo:ttfsf afah'b DofUb]nL aGw'x¿sf] cfu|xnfO{ OGsfg{ g;s]/ dfq Psfw 306fsf] ;do sfo{qmdsf nflu 5'§ofPsf /x]5g\ . pgsf] Joj:ttfn] ljr/f d'Vo cltlynfO{ lgs}a]/ 6lª\rg' kl//x]sf] b]Vbf …===nfO{ eGbf h'7f]k'/f] vfg]nfO{ xtf/Ú eGg] nf]sf]lQmsf] ;Demgf u/fp“Yof] .

dxfjL/sf] pkl:ylt x'gf;fy ljgf ljnDa sfo{qmd ;'? e}xfNof] . km'n, dfnf, u'R5f, vfbf / tfd|kqåf/f pgsf] :jfut ul/of], ;Ddfg ul/of] . ;Ddfgkq k|bfg ul/lbg] lgufxsf nflu cfdlGqt cltlyn] dxfjL/sf] k|;+zfdf oyfzlQm zAbx¿ vr{ ug{df k6Ss s~h':ofO{ u/]gg\ . pgsf] To:tf] r]:6f / cg'rof{ cf}krfl/stf dfq} xf]Og lzi6tfsf] klg kl/rfos lyof] . To;nfO{ cGoyf cy{df lng ldn]g . lsg xf] s'lGg ;Dks{ d~rsf] d~r Joj:yf eg] plt;f/f] /fd|f] nfu]g . sxL+ st} s'g} tfnd]n gldn]h:tf] dgdf nflu /x\of] . ;Ddfg ;df/f]xsf] cfof]hs DofUb]nL ;dfh lyof] . cfof]hgf h'g;'s} bn ljz]if;“u ;DalGwtx¿sf] ePklg ;a} DofUbLjf;Lx¿ lagfe]befj / lgz+sf]r pT;fx /

pT;'stfk"j{s pkl:yt ePsf lyP . DofUbLs} of}6f kf}/vL aGw'nfO{ DofUbLjf;Lx¿sf tkm{af6 ;Ddfg ul/+b} lyof] . To;}n] k'/:sf/ k|bfg ug]{ xft -kfq_ klg DofUbLs} 5flgPsf] eP /fd|f] x'GYof] h:tf] nfUof] . ;Ddfg ug]{ ;t\kfqsf] vf]hLdf ef}+tfl/b} l;Gw'kfNrf]s;Dd wfpg] si6 ul/P5 . To:tf] s;/tsf] s] h?/t lyof] / <†

;fdflhs ;b\efj k"jL{of ;+:s[ltsf] ljz]iftf xf] . cfk;L k||]d, ;befj / ;xof]usf] ;+:s[ltn] hflt, wd{ / efiffsf ;+s'lrt 3]/f tf]8\g' xfd|f] c;n l5d]sLkgfsf] df}lns k/Dk/f ag]sf] 5 . 7"nf] s'/f lsg ug'{, s;}sf] efG;fdf dL7f]rf]vf] kfSbf 5/l5d]snfO{ ;Demfpg] / ljgf e]befj jNnfkNnf3/df af“8r'“8 ul/vfg] xfd|f] ;+:sf/} ag]sf] 5 . cfug hf]l8Psf] kNnf]3/df s'g} va/ k7fpg' kbf{ x'nfs jf s'l/P/sf] ;]jf lng'sf] s] cf}lrTo x'G5 / < l;Gw'kfNrf]s] g]tfn] 5'b}df tfd|kqsf] ul/df / dxTj lgs} r'lnof] xf]nf h:tf] nfUb}g . DofUbLjf;Ls} lxtlrGtgdf kl;gf aufP jfkt dxfjL/ ;Ddflgt ePsf x'g\ . To;}n] DofUbLjf;Ls} xftaf6 pgnfO{ ;Ddfg k|bfg ul/+bf /fd|f] x'GYof] . dxfjL/ :jo+sf nflu klg To:tf] Joj:yf a9L uf}/jk"0f{ nfUbf] xf] . x'gtf of] d]/f] lgtfGt lghL ljrf/ xf] . cfkm\g} ;f]r dfq} ;w} 7Ls 7x¥ofpg' cfu|x / bDe 7x5{ . Joj:yf s:tf] / s;/L ldnfpg] eGg] :jtGqtf / 5gf]6 t cfof]hsx¿s} xf] . To;df l6sfl6Kk0fL ug{' jflxoft xf] .

olta]nfsf] s'/f cs}{ xf] . k|f/Detfsf dxfjL/sf] ;f]r, lrGtg, sfo{of]hgf / k|oTgx¿ of}6f a'l4xLg :jf“7sf] kmfNt' ukm 7xl/GYof] . ;gs 7xl/GYof] . ljs6 kxf8L lhNnf DofUbL oyfy{df ljb]zL k};fdf af“r]sf] 7fp“ xf] . To;}n] u/La lgd'vfb]lv x'g]vfg]x¿;Dd, k6d'v{b]lv ljåfg a'l4dfgx¿;Dd, ;fwf/0f dtbftfb]lv g]tf, cleg]tf / ;f+;bx¿;Dd 8n/ cfh{g ug]{ nf]edf ljb]lzg nfh gdfGg] k/Dk/f /x]sf] 5 . lzIfs, sd{rf/L, jlsn, kqsf/, OlGhlgo/ h:tf] s'zn hgzlQmn] klg cj;/ ldn];Dd ljb]lzg ?rfp“5 . ToxL 7fp“df hGd]sf xfd|f dxfjL/ eg] cd]l/sfsf] g]a|f:sf ljZjljBfnoaf6 lzIffzf:qdf :gftsf]Q/ u/]kl5 l/Qf]xft d'n's kms{G5g\ . ck]Iffs[t ;'ljwf ;DkGg 7fp“ lrtjgdf a;fO{ ;/]sf cfdfafa';“u klg pgsf] dg /dfp“b}g . cfkm" :jo+ x'sL{ a9]/ k9]sf] k9fPsf] 7fp“ lrtjgnfO{ sd{ynf] agfpg dg nfUb}g . To;}n] k'Vof}{nL ynf] DofUbLsf] ljs6 n]sfnL ufp“ gfuLdf xf8 3f]6\5g\ . kl;gf aufpg ?rfp“5g\ † cd]l/sf h:tf] :jKg ;+;f/nfO{ ;xh} kl/Tofu u5{g . 8n/sf] y'k|f]nfO{ nTofP/ l/Qf]xft ufp“ kms{G5g\ . ufpd} s'6f], sf]bfnf], un, 3g, u}+tL rnfpg] sfddf ufp“n] O{i6ldqx¿;“u xft]dfnf] u5{g . ljBfno ;'wf/ u5{g\ . k':tsfno lgdf{0f u5{g . ufp“d} sn]h :yfkgf u5{g, ;fO{a/ Sofkm] rnfp“5g\ . t/ k};f;“u eg] tLgsf]if k/ efU5g\ . …:jo+;]jfÚ nfO{ k]zf agfp“5g\ . pgsf] /fxbfgLdf Joj;fosf] ¿kdf asfObf …:jo+;]jfÚ n]lvPsf] 5 . k};fd'vL lrGtgdf r''n'{Dd 8'a]sf] DofUbLsf] ;dfhn] dxfjL/sf] To:tf] ljlrq rl/qnfO{ lbdfudf b'O{rf/ k"hf{x¿ vnalnPsf] hGt' 7fGg' :jfefljs} xf] .

;odn] kN6f vfof] . cfkm\gf] d'n'sn] lrGbf glrGb} pgsf] cGt/f{li6«o kl/ro aGof] . pgsf] sfdsf] d"Nof+sg eof] . Dofuf;f;] k':sf/sf] 3f]if0ff ePkl5 eg] d'n'ssf cg]sg ;+3 ;+u7gx¿sf tkm{af6 ;Ddfg ug]{ …t“ 5f8\ d 5f8Ú rNg yfNof] . Tof] xf]8afhLdf Pdfn] d~r kl5 kg]{ s'/} x'“b}gYof] . ePg † c?sf] ;kmntfdf v';L dgfpg' / /fd|f] sfdsf] k|;+zf ug'{ ;Eotf / lzi6frf/sf] kl/rfos klg t xf] .

;Ddfg u|x0f ul/;s]kl5 dxfjL/nfO{ klg d~rdf pEofO{of] . ;Daf]wgsf nflu dfO{s ydfO{of] . !%÷!% jif{ :jo+;]jssf ¿kdf ufp“df ljtfO{;s]sf dxfjL/n] slxNo} d~rdf pleP/ To;/L efif0f ug]{ ub}{gy] . pgL s'g} klg cf}krfl/s sfo{qmddf ;xefuL aGg cGsgfp“y] . ;fd]n x'g ?rfp“b}gy] . ;fdfGo enfs';f/L / cgf}krfl/s 5nkmns} ;Gbe{df cfkm\gf of]hgf / sfo{qmdx¿ ufp“n]x¿nfO{ ;'gfp“y], a'emfp“y], ;xdt u/fp“y] / sfof{Gjog uy]{, u/fp“y], . To;lbg efif0f k|jrgdf cEo:t dxfjL/n] ljgfs'g} cf}krfl/s e"ldsf ljgf g} cfkm\gf] ;Daf]wg k|f/De u/] .

…d :j3f]lift :jo+ ;]js x'“ . d]/f] Joj;fo :jo+;]jf xf] . d}n] ug]{ sfdsf] s'g} ;Ldf aGwg 5}g . d sfd ug{ rfxG5' . d}n] ug{ ;Sg] s'g} sfd 5 eg] hf] s;}n] klg dnfO{ lg;+sf]r af]nfP x'G5 . dnfO{ ef/L af]Sg af]nfP klg x'G5 . sf]bfnf] vGg af]nfP klg x'G5 . 9'+uf kmf]g{ af]nfP klg x'G5 . cyjf d]/f] 1fg / cg'ejaf6 ;dfhnfO{ clnstf dfq} klg kmfObf k'Ug] s'g} of]hgf 5 eg] ;xof]usf nflu d x/bd tTk/ 5' . hxf“ hlxn] af]nfP klg d t'?Gt xflh/ x'g]5' . o;k6s h] ef], ef], cfufdL lbgx¿df o:tf cf}krfl/s sfo{qmdx¿df dnfO{ gaf]nfOlbg' x'gsf nflu ljgd|tfk"j{s cg'/f]w ub{5' .Ú pgsf] cleJolQmdf s'g} cf8Da/ lyPg . xf], pgnfO{ af]Ng}, kmt'lNng], ukm ug]{ jf d~raf6 cfbz{ avfGg] s'/fdf ?lr 5}g, cEo:t klg 5}gg\ . pgL t ;dfhsf] lxtdf hlt;Sbf] a9L sfd ug{ rfxG5g\ . a; † sfd †† sfd †††

…dflg; 7"nf] lbnn] x'G5===†Ú dxfjL/sf] sygdf ;/ntf lyof], ;Totf lyof] . cf8Da/ / dkfO{Tjsf] n];dfq klg lyPg . Tof], ;f“rf] cy{df dxfjL/sf] dxfgtf lyof] . dxfTdfnfO{ s;}sf] pksf/ cg'u|x / k'/:sf/sf] h?/t kb}{g . O{Zj/sf b[li6df -olb O{Zj/sf] cl:tTj sxL st} 5 eg]_ ;a} hLjhGt' ;dfg 5g\ . lk|o 5g\ . t/ c1fgL dfG5]n] O{Zj/nfO{ v';L kfg]{ gfddf v;L, af]sf, xf“;, s'v'/f, ;'u'/b]lv p“6;Ddsf] anL r9fpg] gfbfgL ub{5 . Dofuf;f;] k'/:sf/n] dxfjL/nfO{ xf};fP h:tf] k6Ss nfUb}gYof] . l56km'6 / ;fgfltgf sfdx¿ dfq} k|f/De ug{ ;s]sf] t/ cfkm"n] rfx] ;f]r] h;/L sfd} ug{ g;s]sf] cg'e"lt /x]5 pgsf] . cyf{t\ pgn] Tolt 7"nf] k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug]{ vfnsf] sfd cfkm"n] u/]h:tf] 7fGbf /x]g5g\ . ldl8ofx¿n] …ltnnfO{ kxf8Ú / sldnfnfO{ xfQLÚ agfOlbgfn] olta]nf rf/}lt/af6 clegGbg, k|z+;f, :jfut, ;Tsf/ / ;Ddfg k'/:sf/x¿ jif{g yfn]kl5 pgL cQflnPsf /x]5g\ . lg;fl:;g yfn]sf/x]sf 5g\ . /, o:tf] cf“wL rf“8} yfldof];\ eGg] sfdgf ubf{ /x]5g\ .

dxfjL/ :jo+nfO{ t s:tf] nfUof] s'lGg < dnfO{ eg] ;Ddfgkqdf k|o'Qm efiff ;+of]hg plt;f/f] lrQ a'em\bf] nfu]g . To;df Dofuf;f;] k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]sf]df v';L JoQm ul/Psf] 5, uf}/jfg'e"lt ul/Psf] 5 / dxfjL/nfO{ awfO{ kmdf{OPsf] 5 . ;fob lxhf] DofUbLsf] ljs6 ufp“df a;]/ pgn] ;dfhnfO{ k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgdf sf7df8f}+af;L DofUb]nLx¿sf b[li6 k/]sf lyPgg\ xf]nf . To;f] e}lbPsf eP @÷$ jif{ cufl8 g} pgL ;Ddflgt x'g'kYof]{ . cleglGbt x'g'kYof]{ . ;f“rf] s'/f ug]{ xf] eg] dxfjL/n] Dofuf;f;] k'/:sf/ k|fKt ug'{ eGbf DofUbLsf nflu pgn] k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] dxTj 7"nf] x'g'kg]]{ xf] . of] k'/:sf/ t'nk|;fb k'gn] k|fKt u/]sf] …leS6f]l/of qm;Ú kbs h:tf] xf]Og . cfh tfd|kq s'“bfP/ ;uf}/j k|bfg ul/of] . lxhf]sf lbgdf sfuhsf] ;fgf] vf]:6f]df pgsf] ;dfh;]jfsf] sb/ :j¿k b'O{rf/ zAbx¿ sf/]/ lbPsf eP cfhsf] tfd|kqeGbf xhf/u'0ff dxTjsf] 7xYof]{ xf]nf . ToxL ug{ g;s] klg …:ofaf;, dxfjL/Ú eg]/ lk7\o"df wfk dfg{;s]sf eP pgsf] xf};nf låu'l0ft x'“bf] xf] . lxhf] t To:tf] ;b\a'l4 knfPg, knfPg, sd;]sd cfh lbOg] tfd|kqdf cGt/f{li6«o:t/sf] k'/:sf/sf nflu awfO{ / lk5l8Psf] ;dfhsf] lg:jfy{ ;]jfsf nflu wGojfb lbg s~h':ofO{ gul/lbPsf eP x'GYof] . To;lbg k|bfg ul/Psf] sb/kqn] pgsf] sfdn] xf]Og ls cGt/f{li6«o Vofltk|fKt Dofuf;f;] k'/:sf/n] ;Ddfg kfP h:tf] nfUof] .

olb dxfjL/n] k'/:sf/ kfPafkt ;Ddfg k|bfg ug'{ lyof] eg] Toltlj£g xtf/f] ug'{kg]{ h?/t} lyPg . Dofuf;f;] k'/:sf/ k|fKt u/]kl5 klg dxfjL/ d'Unfg efl:;g] cjZo lyPgg\ . pgL dlgnfaf6 kms]{kl5 ;'lj:tfdf cf/fd;“u ;Ddfg sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/]sf] eP x'GYof] . laTg] ljTof; ug]{ s'/f s] lyof] / < d~rsf] Tof] xtf/f]n] dnfO{ cf;Gg …lgjf{rgÚ nfO{ ;Demfof] . @÷$ lbg cufl8sf] s'/f xf], Pshgf DofUb]nL ljåfgaGw'n] ukmufkms} l;nl;nfdf dxfjL/sf] /fhgLlts …cf:yfÚ sf] af/]df lh1f;f /fv]y] . Dofuf;f;] k'/:sf/k|fKt u/]kl5sf] dxfjL/sf] af]nLsf] …d""NoÚ nfvf} u'0ff a9]sf] x'gfn] pgsf] ;+s]t dfqn] klg vf;u/]/ DofUbLsf] du/;d'bfodf 7"nf] k|efj kfg{ ;Sg] d"Nof+sg tL ldqsf] /x]5 . tL ldq Pdfn] ;Dks{ d~rsf ;b:o jf kbflwsf/L x'g jf xf]Ogg\ eGg] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L t dnfO{ 5}g . t/ dxfjL/sf] af]nLsf] k|efjnfO{ gubLs/0f ug]{ xtf/f] d~rnfO{ k/]sf] xf] ls h:tf] nfUof] dnfO{ . dfkm ug'{ xf]nf, d]/f] cg'dfg unt klg x'g ;S5 . …s] hfltnfO{ vfgs} wGbfÚ eGg] plQm ;a} 7fp“df nfu' x'G5 eGg' cln a9\t} x'G5 .

ljut !% jif{sf] dxfjL/sf] ;f]r, lrGtg, nug, k|oTg / sfo{k|0ffnLn] :ki6 u/]sf] s'/f s] xf] eg] pgsf] cf:yf / ljZjf; …;dfhkof]uLÚ sfd xf] . lg:sfd sd{ xf] . ;dfh, df6f] / d'n'sk|ltsf] gful/s st{Joaf]w xf] . b]zelQm xf] . lgZ5n / lg:jfy{ ;]jf efj xf] . To;eGbf otf ptf jf tndfly pgsf ch'{g b[li6x¿ cndlng / a/flng ;Qm} ;Qm}gg\ . Tof] jf:tljstfsf] hfgsf/L lbP/ d]/f ldqsf] pT;fx, clenfiff / pd+udf lr;f]kfgL vGofpg dg nfu]g . To;}n] Tof] lbg d}n] d'v gvf]Ng' g} plrt 7fg]y] . ;fob Tof] lbgsf] ;Ddfg sfo{qmddf tL dLqsf] klg pkl:ylt x'“bf] xf] . dxfjL/sf] Tof] lbgsf] cleefif0fn] pgnfO{ jf:tljstfsf] hfgsf/L ldn]sf] x'g'k5{ . e|ddf af“Rg' /dfO{nf] x'G5 . uh8L gzfn] dfG5]nfO{ cfsfzdf p8]sf] cg'e"lt lbG5 /] . slxn]sfxL+ cfsfl:ds¿kdf k|fKt x'g] jf:tljstfsf] hfgsf/Ln] dfG5]nfO{ lvl;|Ss kfl/lbG5 . …lx:; a'9L, lv:; bf“tÚ . olta]nf lt d]/f ljåfgldqsf] dgf]efj s:tf] /x]sf] xf]nf . s'lGg <† dgsf] n8\8' l3pl;t vfg' eGbf t oyfy{sf] ;fdgf ug'{ /fd|f] x'G5 Sof /] †††

l9n} eP klg k|r08sf] r]t v'Nb}5

– lgdsfGt kf08]

g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf cWoIf sd/]8 k|r08 olta]nf ;jf{lws ljjfbdf kg'{ePsf] 5 . d+l;/ ^ ut] lgwf{/0f ul/Psf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjnfO{ tf]lsPsf] lbgdf x'g g;Sg] / of] ltyL j}zfvdf ;fg'{ kg]{ cleJolQm lbg'ePkl5 k|r08sf] egfO Hofb} ljjflbt eof] . x'g t sd/]8 k|r08n] cfkm\gf] egfO{nfO{ tf]8df]8 u/]/ k|rf/ ul/Psf] eGb} :ki6Ls/0f klg lbO;Sg' ePsf] 5, tyflk cfkm"n] af]n]sf] s'/fdf k|r08n] c8fg lng g;Sg' ePsf] x'“bf yk ljjflbt x'g' :jfefljs aGg hfG5 .

sd/]8 k|r08 e"ldut /fhgLltaf6 v'nf ePb]lv pxf“n] af]Ng'ePsf] w]/}h;f] /fli6«o dxTjsf ljifox¿ ljjflbt aGb} cfPsf 5g\ . k|r08n] af]Ng' ePkl5 To;sf] ljjfb z'? x'G5 / pxf“n] To;sf] v08g jf cfTdfnf]rgf klg t'?Gt} ul/xfNg' x'G5 . of] l:yltn] ubf{ sd/]8 k|r08 Pp6} ljifodf w]/} nfdf] ;do;Dd ljjflbt aGg'ePsf] eg] kfOPsf] 5}g . ljutsfndf afn'jf6f/af6 ;]gf ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] l6Kk0fL xf];\ jf kl5Nnf] k6s ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj ;DaGwdf ul/Psf] l6Kk0fL xf];\–sd/]8 k|r08sf] l:ylt b'a} cj:yfdf p:t} /x\of] .

o;k6s sd/]8 k|r08n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] lgwf{l/t ldlt ;fg]{ ;DaGwdf JoQm ug'{ePsf] cleJolQmaf/] s]xL rrf{ u/f}+ . k|r08n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] ldlt ;fg'{kg]{ cj:yf ljBdfg /x]sf] pNn]v ug'{ePsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf lglDt ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3;d]t g]kfndf ;xefuL x'g cfO/x]sf] / lqmofzLn ;d]t /x]sf] cj:yfdf To;sf k|ltlglw / :jo+ lgjf{rg cfof]u;d]tn] lgwf{l/t ldltdf r'gfj u/fpg] l:ylt lgdf{0f x'g g;s]sf] tYonfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{ cleJolQm lbO/x]sf a]nf ToxL cfzosf] cleJolQm k|r08n] lb+bf lsg rsf]{ lj/f]w eof] < sd/]8 k|r08x¿n] k|Zgsf] pQ/ uDeL/tfsf ;fy vf]Hg' kb{5 .

;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj lglZrt p2]Zo k|flKtsf lglDt ug{ nfluPsf] xf] eGg] s'/fdf ljjfb 5}g . of] r'gfj @))& ;fnb]lv ug]{ eGbf eGb} lsg e}/x]sf] 5}g < /, clxn] klg r'gfj u/fpg] l:ylt lsg alg/x]sf] 5}g < of] ljifo cem} cg'Ql/t 5 . sd/]8 k|r08n] j}zfv;Dd r'gfj ws]lng ;Sg] cleJolQm lbPklg j}zfvd} klg r'gfj x'g] 7f]s'jf ug{;Sg] l:ylt 5}g . o:tf] lsg e}/x]sf] 5 < g]kfnL hgtf ;+ljwfg;efaf/] cgle1 e}/x]sfn] g} o:tf] l:ylt e}/x]sf] xf] eGg] s'/f :jtM :ki6 5 . g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;r]t u/fpg] zlQm eg]sf /fhgLlts bnx¿ g} x'g\ . /fhgLlts bnsf …kxfl8ofÚ sfo{stf{x¿ t/fO{sf hgtfsf aLrdf k'u]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjaf/] hgtfnfO{ k|lzlIft ug]{ jftfj/0f aGg'kb{5 . b]zdf To:tf] jftfj/0f aGg ;s]sf] 5 ls 5}g < ;a}n] OdfGbfl/tf ;fy eGg] xf] eg] To:tf] jftfj/0f b]zdf ljBdfg 5}g . ha hgtfsf aLrdf ;+ljwfg;efaf/] a'emfpg hfg] jftfj/0f aGg ;s]sf] 5}g, clg r'gfj u/fpg] s;/L < To;}n] sd/]8 k|r08sf] cf+sng ;xL 5 . pxf“sf] ljZn]if0f j:t'jfbL klg 5 . o:t} jftfj/0f /lx/x] @)^% ;fnsf] j}zfvdf klg r'gfj ;Dej x'b}g . of] oyfy{ xf] .

@)$& ;fnsf] /fhgLlts kl/jt{g kl5 ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f k|lqmofaf/] ax; rln/x“bf sd/]8 k|r08x¿ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lj?4df x'g'x'GYof] . Tolta]nf df]xgljqmd l;+x / 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ Pp6} kf6L{df x'g'x'GYof] / pxf“x¿ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] kIfdf jsfnt ug'{x'GYof] . df]xgljqmd / 8f= afa'/fdsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] gf/fdf Tof]a]nf /fhfjfbL lsQfsf /fh]Zj/ b]jsf]6f klg nfUg'ePsf] lyof] . sd/]8 k|r08 / sd/]8 ls/0fn] df]xgljqmd / afa'/fdnfO{ /fhfjfbL /fh]Zj/ b]jsf]6fsf] kZrufdL lrGtgsf] k|jQmf eg]/ Tof] a]nf bf]iff/f]k0f ug'{x'GYof] . @))& ;fnb]lv ug]{ eGb} /f]lsPsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj @)$& ;fn;Dd cfOk'Ubf klg lsg x'g ;s]g eGg] k|Zgsf] hjfkm oxL bf]iff/f]k0fn] lbO/x]sf] 5 . kl/l:yltn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] ckl/kSjtf g} ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] lglDt d'Vo cj/f]w xf] / Tof] kl/l:ylt cem} klg ljBdfg 5 .

;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjs} lglDt !) jif{ hgo'4 u/]sf] eg]/ sd/]8 k|r08x¿n] ul//xg' ePsf] bfjLdf ;Totf 5}g eGg] s'/fsf] k|df0f klg xf] of] . @)$& ;fn;Dd ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjsf] kIfdf g/xg' ePsf k|r08x¿ % jif{kl5 @)%@ ;fndf To;}sf lglDt hgo'4 ug{ yfNg' eof] eg]/ kTofpg ;lsGg . hgo'4 ubf{ pxf“x¿sf] dfudf /fli6«otfn] dxTj kfPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 dfq hgu0ftGqfTds Joj:yf :yfkgfsf] s'/f ul/Psf] lyof] . t/ olta]nf dfcf]jfbLn] /fli6«otf;“u} hgu0ftGqnfO{ klg ltnf~hnL lbPsf] 5 . k|r08x¿n] tTsfnLg ;/sf/ ;dIf )%@ ;fndf ;+o'Qm hgdf]rf{sf tkm{af6 k|:t't ug'{ePsf $) ;"qLo dfux¿df ! gDa/ b]lv ( gDa/;Dd /fli6«otfsf] k|Zg;“u hf]l8Psf dfux¿ 5g\ . /fli6«otfsf] k|Zg;“u hf]l8Psf tL ( j6f dfux¿df l;df hf]l8Psf l5d]sL b]z ef/taf6 g]kfndf e}/x]sf] x:tIf]k / 3';k}7sf] lj/f]w lgs} dxTjsf;fy ul/Psf] 5 . ;Ldf ;'lglZrt ug{ elgPsf] 5, c;dfg ;lGw ;Demf}tfx¿ vf/]hLsf] dfu ul/Psf] 5, uf]vf{ etL{ s]Gb| /2 ug{ dfu ul/Psf] 5, g]kfnleq ef/tLo gDa/ Kn]6sf uf8Lx¿ rnfpg /f]Sg'kg]{ dfu ul/Psf] 5, ljb]zLx¿nfO{ …js{k/ld6Ú k|yf nfu" ug{ elgPsf] 5, ;fd|fHojfbL / lj:tf/jfbL ;f+:s[lts cltqmd0f /f]Sg dfu ul/Psf] 5, cfTdlge{/ /fli6«o cy{tGqsf] ljsf; u/fpg] eG;f/ gLlt to ug{ dfu ul/Psf] 5, dxsfnL ;lGw vf/]hLsf] dfu ul/Psf] 5, PghLcf]÷cfOPghLcf]sf] gfpdf b]zleq e}/x]sf] ;fd|fHojfbL / lj:tf/jfbL 3';k}7df /f]s nufpg dfu ul/Psf] 5 . To;kl5 dfq bzf}+ gDa/sf] dfudf hgtfåf/f r'lgPsf hgtfsf k|ltlglwx¿åf/f gof“ ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf ;fy} hgu0ftGqfTds Joj:yf :yfkgfsf] /f]8Dofk k|:t't ul/Psf] lyof] . sxf“ /x\of] sd/]8 k|r08x¿sf] OdfGbfl/tf . b]zdf ef/tLo bjbaf / ef/tLo df]8]ns} u0ftGqsf] gf/fn] lsg dxTj kfof] < sd/]8 k|r08x¿n] cfkm};“u pQ/ vf]Hg' k5{ ls <

/fli6«otfsf] k|Zgdf 7\ofSs} k|lta4tf ljk/Ltsf sfd u/]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj u/fpg vf]h]kl5 /fli6«o ;+s6 b]lvg' :jfefljs xf] . l9n} eP klg sd/]8 k|r08x¿df r]t v'n]sf] 5 . t/fO{af6 kxfl8ofsf gfddf g]kfnLx¿ nv]l6Psf 5g\, sfl6Psf 5g\ / dfl/Psf 5g\ . ef/tLox¿sf] ba\baf al9/x]sf] 5, ;Ldf cltqmd0fnfO{ tLj| agfOPsf] 5 . g]kfnL l;g]dfx¿ g]kfnd} k|ltaGw e}/x]sf 5g\, yk /fi6«3ftL ;lGw ;Demf}tfx¿ eO/x]sf 5g\, @@ nfv ef/tLox¿ gof“ g]kfnL agfOPsf 5g\ . PghLcf] / cfOPghLcf]x¿sf] laulauL dfq geP/ s]–s] e}/x]sf] 5–5 . ef/ts} sf/0f ;Ldf If]qsf] e'–efudf 8'afgsf] ;d:of ylkPsf] 5 . o:tf] l:yltnfO{ ;'wf/ gu/]/ ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj u/fpg' eg]sf] ef/t;“usf] cfTd;dk{0f afx]s c? s]xL x'g] 5}g, ;a}nfO{ r]tgf eof †

s] dfcf]jfbLn] r'gfj grfx]sf] xf] <

– ;"o{k|;fb zdf{

of] ;ftf ldl8ofdf sd/]8x¿sf cleJolQm rrf{sf] s]Gb|ljGb'df /x] . dfcf]jfbL cWoIfn] j}zfvdf r'gfj ;fg]{ eg]sf s'/fx¿ ldl8ofn] unt lsl;dn] k|rfl/t u¥of] eg]/ :kli6s/0f klg cfO/x]sf] 5 . of] k+lQmsf/n] t d+l;/sf] r'gfj ldlt tf]lsb}sf lbgb]lv eGb} cfPsf] 5–, d+l;/df ;+j}wflgs;efsf] r'gfj x'b}g, r'gfj u/fP Tof] r'gfj–r'gfj h:tf] x“'b}g h;sf] kl/0ffd h] ck]Iff ul/Psf] 5 Tof] x'“b}g eGb} cfPsf] lyof] . dnfO{ nfU5 dfcf]jfbL cWoIfn] klg oxL cfu|xsf] s'/f ufu|fdf k'lu;Sof] .

oyfy{ ;Totf t s] xf] eg] åGåsf] lgsf; bdgaf6 ;Dej gePkl5 dfcf]jfbLsf d"n /fhgLlts Ph]G8f …uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng, cGtl/d ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg;efÚ nfO{ :jLsfg{ ;gftgL /fhgLlts j[Q afWo ePsf] xf] . ;gftgL /fhgLlts j[t -Pdfn], sf+u|]; cflb_ sf] cGt/cfTdfdf /x]sf] bfp s] xf] eg] dfcf]jfbL g]t[TjnfO{ klg xfd|} h:tf] ;Qfsf] ld7f] dl;g'df n6\k6\ofO{ lbPkl5 t logLx¿ klg cfkm\gf hgo'4sf sxfgL e6\ofp“b} ef]6 dfUg bu'/L/xG5g\ . s]xL 7fp“df lhTg klg lbof] . u'lnof] r6fof], ;+;bdf ;]/]df]lgon cyf]{8S; sDo'lgi6 agfof] / yGSofO lbof] . v]n vtd . dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;'?sf] bfp s] xf] eg] ha ;Dk"0f{ d'n'sn] xfd|} /fhgLlts Ph]08f :jLsf/L ;Sof] eg] r'gfjd} uPklg s;/L ax'dt gcfpnftf lg < nf} Tof] r'gfjsf] 3RrL eg] 3RrL ;xL . lht] lhtf}nf, wf“wnL u/]/ x/fP5g\ eg] cfkm\gf] hg;]gf 5b}5 . nfu] nfu df]xgL gnfu] 3/sf] a'9L 5“b}5 .

;+:s[t ;flxTosf dxfslj sfnLbf;sf] Pp6f k|;+u 5 . ef]h/fhsf b/afl/of sfnLbf;sf ;xsdL{x¿ oL dxfsljsf pknAwLaf6 Oiof{n] leqleq} hln/x]sf lyP . Pslbg pgLx¿n] sfnLbf;nfO{ km;fpg] Pp6f uf]Ko ;Nnfx u/]5g\ / sfnLbf; ;dIf uP/ eg]5g\– …xfdL ;a}n] Pp6f lg0f{o c7f]6 u/]/ cfPsf 5f}+ . xfd|f] ;Nnfxdf tkfO{ ;xdt x'g ;Sg' x'G5 <Ú sflnbf;n] pgLx¿sf] h];'s} k|:tfj eP klg To;df k|lta4 /xg] k|lt1f ul/lbP . To;kl5 tL b/afl/of k+l8tx¿n] eg] ls xfdL ;a}n] of] b/af/ 5fl8lbcf}+ / af“sL hLjg ;Gof;L eP/ ljtfcf}+ . sflnbf; cfkm\gf} k|lt1fdf km;]/ lgnf]sfnf] xf]nfg eg]sf] t pgL emg\ v';L eP/ eGg yfn] ls of] t ax't /fd|f] k|:tfj Nofpg' eof] . nf} uOxfnf} ;Gof;sf] lbIff lng agf/; . pgLx¿ agf/; uP . ;fw'x¿sf] cv8fdf k'u] . Tof] cv8fsf] k|d'v ;fw';“u cfkm"nfO{ ;Gof;Ldf lblIft u/L cfkm\gf] cv8fdf ;fd]n ul/lbg cg'/f]w u/] . wfld{s l/t k"j{s u'?sf] cfb]z cg';f/ ;a}hgf g'xfO w'jfO s]z d'08g hk Wofg k'/f u/]/ u'?sf] cufl8 cfP . ca kfn}kfnf] Ps PshgfnfO{ ;Gof;L lbIff lbg ;'? ul/of] . u'?n] ;f]w] ltdL lsg ;Gof;L aGg rfx\of} < kfn}kfnf] ;a}n] pQ/ lbb} uP–…d of] /fhfsf] b/af/df a;]/ ;f/} ljnf;L eO;s]sf] lyP“ . ca ddf j}/fUo hfu]sf] 5 . af“sL hLjg u'? ;]jf / xl/lst{gdf nufp“5' clg k/dfy{ ;'wf5'{ .Ú cGtdf sflnbf;sf] kfnf] cfof] . ;a} hgf of] sflnbf;nfO{ ca r} 8'afOof] eg]/ dVv k/]sf lyP . …ca clGtd JolQm ltdL g} eof}+, eg lsg ;Gof;L aGg rfxof}+ <Ú u'?n] ;f]w] . sflnbf;n] sljtfTds no xfn]/ eGg yfn]– …/fhfsf b/af/sfeGbf /fd|f t?gL / ld7f] v;L otflt/ kf] kfOG5 eg]/ d cfPsf] .Ú wt\ † o:tf ef]ujfbL klg ;Gof;L x'G5g\ eg]/ u'?n] sflnbf;nfO{ cv8faf6 wkfOlbPsf lyP c/] .

clxn] ;ftkf6L{sf ;gftgkGyL /fhgLlt1x¿n] sfd/]8 k|r08nfO{ klg sfnLbf;nfO{ h:t} u/L ;+;bjfbL /fhgLltaf6 lblIft ug{ nfu]sf lyP . sd/]8 k|r08n] klg sflnbf; z}nLs} hjfkm lbPsf x'g\ . s'/f] oxL xf] .

oL ;gftgL ;ft kf6L{sf] gf}6+sL / gf6s rflx+ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ cndNofP/ l/ufO/xg] s'/fdf dfq s]Gb|Lt ePsf] b]lvG5 . slxn] /fodfemL cfof]usf] x'Oof nufPsf] 5 t slxn] /fhfsf] ;DklQ /fli6«o s/0fsf] x'Oof † s]6fs]6LnfO{ t;f{P/ cfkm" cg's"n agfpg …p † a'hL cfof] † a'hL cfof] ††Ú eGg] h:tf s'/f u/]/ logLx¿ dfcf]jfbLnfO{ l/+ufpg rflx/x]sf 5g\ . d+l;/df klg n6/–k6/ r'gfj ul/lbg], Psfw jif{ kl5 3'ldlkm/L ?Dhf6f/ . ;a}hgf ;+;bjfbL–/fhfjfbL ;f/f ††

xf], oxL u|f08 l8hfOgsf] em:sf] k;]sf] x'gfn] s= k|r08n] KjfSs af]lnlbO xfn]– …v} d+l;/df t r'gfj gx'g] ef], j}zfvlt/ ;f5{g\ ls Sof xf] .Ú bf]af6f]df pleP/ le8lt/ kmls{P/ nfh} gdfgL pleO pleO n3' z+sf ul//x]sf] dflg;sf] h:t} ul/ …d+l;/df t r'gfj gx'g] eof]Ú eg]/ s;}n] af]N5 eg] To;n] nfh gdfgL oyfy{ af]nL /x]sf] x'G5 .

jflif{s tLly k/]sf] lbgdf >f4 ug'{kg]{ / ToxL lbgdf l;wf p7fP/ k'/f]lxtnfO{ bfg lbg'kg]{ sd{sf08 h:tf] t ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj xf]Og xf]nf . h;sf] k|:tfjdf of] r'gfj ug}{kg]{ eof] ToxL /fhgLlts kf6L{nfO{ of] r'gfjnfO{ lhn]l6g agfP/ p7fpg k|of]u ul/b}5 eg] p hfgfhfg lsg cfTdxTof k5{ < sf+u|];, Pdfn]n] u/fPsf r'gfjsf rtL{snf b]lvPsf klg, / ef]luPsf klg x'g\ . r'gfjsf] sd{sf08df x}g ls To;sf] k|lqmof / kl/0ffd k|lt a]n}df uDeL/ x'g ;lsPg eg] clxn] sd/]8 k|r08nfO{ lv;L ubf{ s]xL dflg;nfO{ hlt dHhf nflu/x]sf] 5, To;sf] bzf}+ u'gf lk8f d'n'sn] v]Kg' kg]{ x'g ;S5 .

rf8kj{ kv{g' kg{] xfd|f rnlrqx¿sf] :t/

– k|df]b lwtfn

g]kfnL rnlrq pBf]usf] :t/ hlt w/fzfoL aGb} uPklg g]kfnL rnlrq lgdf{0fsf] sfo{df eg] s'g} sld cfPsf] 5}g . oltv]/ b'O{ bh{g hlt rnlrq 5fof+sgsf] qmddf 5g\ eg] Ps bh{g hlt rnlrq k|bz{gsf] kvf{O{df /x]sf 5g . c?a]nf eGbf tLh, bz}, ltxf/ nufPtsf rf8ka{df rnlrqn] w]/} Aofj;flos ;kmntf kfpg] ePsf]n] rnlrqsdL{x¿ cfkmgf] rnlrq k|bz{g u/fpg o:tf rf8ka{nfO{ klv{a;]sf] b]lvG5 . clxn] lgdf{0fsf] ;+k'0f{ sfo{ k'/f eO;s]sf rnlrqx¿ klg rf8ka{ s]lx gcfPsf]n] TolQs} yGsL a;]sf 5g\ .

o:t} rf8ka{ klv{a:g]x¿ dWo]df 1fg]Gb| b]phfåf/f lgb]{lzt rnlrq b]j/afa' klg xf] . rnlrqsdL{ s]za e§/fO{sf] nufgLdf lgdf{0f ePsf] pQm rnlrqdf /]vf yfkf, t[KtL gf8s/, /ldt 9'+ufgf, ch'{g >]i7, la/fh e§, ;'lgn yfkf, x]dGt a'9fyf]sL ls/0f s];L, lgd{n zdf{ nufotsf snfsf/x¿sf] d'Vo e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . To:t} ;Dk'0f{ lgdf{0f sfo{ ;lsP/ k|bz{gsf] tof/Ldf /x]sf] rnlrq xf] sfg'g . pbo ;'Aafåf/f lgb]{lzt pQm rnlrqdf dfcf]jfbL hg;]gf / g]kfnL ;]gfaLr ePsf] o'ånfO{ kbf{df ptfl/Psf] 5 .

;f] rnlrqdf /fh]z xdfn, lglvn pk|]tL, lbnLk /fodfemL, em/0ff yfkf, c?0fLdf nD;fn, lbg]z zdf{, ;'lDgdf ;'Aaf nufotsf snfsf/x¿sf] d'Vo e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 eg] /fh]zkfon /fO{sf] ;+uLt /x]sf] 5 . gflosf tyf lgdf{qL h]gL s'“j/sf] klg rnlrq 3fon sf] lk|G6 tof/ ePsf] 5 . ;]G;/ kf; ePkl5 t'?Gt} k|bz{gsf] nflu nfO{gdf a:g] ePsf] 5 . dbg l3ld/]åf/f lgb]{lzt pSt rnlrqdf h]gLsf cnfjf c?l0fdf nD;fn, lglvn pk|]tL, laqmfGt a:g]t, nufotsf snfsf/x¿sf] d'Vo e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . w]/} gfosx¿sf] clego /x]sf] o; rnlrqdf /fh]z xdfnnfO{ laz]if e"ldsfdf ptfl/Psf] 5 . …3fonÚ n] bz}+ cl3 g} k|bz{g k|f/De ug]{ lgdf{0f kIfsf] bfaL 5 .

/fd/fhf bfxfnåf/f lgb]{lzt rnlrq …6fu]{6Ú k|bz{gsf] kvf{O{df 5 . afa' anfdL k|:t'tstf{ /x]sf] ;f] rnlrqsf] bz}+ cl3 g} k|bz{g k|f/De x'g] ePsf] 5 . ;'zLn kf]v/]n, ;+3/Tg zfSo, k|]/0ff zdf{, glGbtf s];L, pbo zfx, lagf]b kf}8]n, cflbsf] clego /x]sf] ;f] rnlrqdf /fhg Ozfgsf] ;+uLt /x]sf] 5 .

To:t} k|lbk >]i7åf/f lgb]{lzt rnlrq …8/Úsf] oltv]/ ;Dkfbg sfo{ eO{/x]sf] 5 . afnfhL lkmNd;\ k|flnsf] rf}yf] k|:t'lt 8/df /fh]z xdfn, lg?tf l;+x, la/fh e§, /ldt 9'+ufgf, ;'lgn yfkf, x]dGt a'9fyf]sL nufotsf snfsf/x¿sf] d'Vo e"ldsf /x]sf] 5 . bz}+sf] 5]p5fpdf sf7df08f} pkTosfaf6 k|bz{g k|f/De ug]{ ;f]rsf ;fy pQm rnlrq tof/ ug]{ lgdf{0f kIfsf] syg 5 .

csL{ gflosf tyf lgdf{qL /]vf yfkfn] klg rnlrq …lxDdtÚ sf] ;kmntf;“u} rnlrq …ls:dtÚ lgdf{0f ul//x]sL l5g . ;Dkfbg sfo{df /x]sf] …ls:dtÚ ltxf/nfO{ dWo]gh/ u/]/ k|bz{g ul/g] ePsf] 5 . cfo{g l;Sb]n, /]vf yfkf, la/fh e§ cfbLsf] d'Vo e"ldsf /x]sf] pQm rnlrqdf dx]z v8\sfsf] ;+uLt /x]sf] 5 . of]u]z l3ld/]åf/f lgb]{lzt rnlrq …;k'tÚ 5fof“sgsf] clGtd r/0fdf 5 . pQm rnlrqdf lblnk /fodfdmL, c?0fLdf nD;fn, ;l~rtf n'O{6]n, x]dGt a'9fyf]sL cflbsf] clego /x]sf] 5 . To:t} pHHjn s];Låf/f lgb]{lzt rnlrq d"v{ dfG5] 5fof+sgsf] k|f/lDes r/0fdf 5 . afa' anfdLsf] k|:t'tL, zld{nf >]i7sf] nufgL /x]sf] ;f] rnlrqdf zld{nf >]i7sf cnfjf clegj /]UdL, laho b]phf, /fh]Gb| s];L, /d]z clwsf/L k|df]b v8\sf, dx]Gb| yfkf, lxdfn sfkm\n] cflbsf] clego /xg] ePsf] 5 .

o;/L rnlrq lgdf{0f sfo{df lbg k|ltlbg tLj|tf 5fpgfn] g]kfnL rnlrq pBf]usf ;'lbgx¿ cfPsf] h:tf] b]lvG5 . t/ g]kfnL rnlrq lgdf{0fdf hlt g} jf9L cfP klg oL g]kfnL rnlrqx¿df :t/Lotf / gof“kg eg] kfpg g;lsg] b]lvG5 . @! cf}+ ztfAbLdf cfP/;d]t g]kfnL rnlrqx¿df lgs} sldsdhf]/Lx¿ /x]sf] kfOG5, log} sf/0fn] ubf{ klg g]kfnL rnlrqsdL{x¿ cfkm\gf] rnlrq k|bz{g u/fpg rf8kj{ kv{g' kg{] ePsf] xf] . jf:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] g]kfnL rnlrqsdL{x¿df gljg ;f]rsf] sdL g} xf], rnlrqdf s]xL gljg s'/f lbO cyjf ;dfhdf ;sf/fTds …Dof;]hÚ lbg'k5{ eGg] r]tgf xfd|f rnlrqsdL{x¿df slxNo} cfPg a? klZrdL z}nLdf gflosf g+Uofpgdf g} Jo:t ePsf] kfOG5 .

lxhf]sf lbgx¿df s]xL rnlrqsdL{x¿n] gflosfnfO{ e/k"/ g+UofP/ rnlrq lgdf{0f u/]sf lyP / tL Psfw rnlrqn] cf+lzs Jofj;flos ;kmntf klg kfPsf lyP t/ tL rnlrqn] syfj:t' :t/Lo eP/ ;kmntf kfPsf xf]Ogg\ . a? tL rnlrq l6g Ph/ s]6fx¿ gflosfsf lt3|f / cToGt ;+j]bgzLn c+ux¿ x]g{ uOlbPsf]n] tL rnlrqn] ;kmntf kfPsf] rnlrq ljZn]ifsx¿sf] 7x/ 5 . To;}n] cj cfpbf lbgx¿df rnlrq lgdf{0f ubf{ gljg ;f]rsf ;fy} k[ys wf/df rnlrq lgdf{0f ubf{ cfkm\gf] rnlrqnfO{ Jofj;flos ;kmntf lbnfpg rf8kj{ s'g{' kg{] lyPg ls <

snfsf/sf] gfddf sn+s

g]kfnL rnlrq pBf]uleq lemgf dl;gf uNtL sdhf]/Lx¿ rnlrqsdL{x¿ nufot snfsf/x¿af6 x'g] u/]tf klg 7"nf / 3fts uNtLx¿ klg Psfw snfsf/x¿n] u/L cfkm\g} ;fyL, efO{, lbbL, alxgLx¿nfO{ ;d]t wf]sf lbg] u/]sf x'G5g\ . o:t} dWo]sf Ps x'g l;+un lnDa" . pgn] rnlrq lgdf{0f ug]{ gfddf 7uL ub}{ o'jtLx¿ dfly cg}lts ;DaGw /fv]sf] cleof]udf snfsf/ l;+undfly ;+3Lo lnDa'jfg /fho kl/ifb\n] sf/afxLsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fPsf] 5 .

w/fgjf;L l;+unn] lnDa' efiffsf] rnlrq lgdf{0f u5'{ egL k};f p7fpb} g]kfnL efiffsf] rnlrq agfPsf], ;ldt ha]u' nufotaf6 Ps nfv ?lkof“sf] 7uL u/]sf] cleof]u 5 . ;fy} o'jtLx¿nfO{ gflosf agfOlbg] k|nf]egdf kf/L cg}lts ;DaGw sfod ug]{ u/]sfn] pgnfO{ lgoGq0fdf lnO{ sf/afxL cufl8 a9fPsf] kl/ifb\sf] ldSn'y'ª % gDa/ Pl/of OGrfh{ g]G3f]ª ldesn] hgfP .

l;+unnfO{ bds cfPsf a]nf lgoGq0fdf lnP/ s'6lk6 ;d]t u/L ca km]l/ s]xL To:tf] uNtL gbf]xf]¥ofpg / /sd lkmtf{ ug]{ zt{df sfuh u/fOPsf] ldesn] hgfP . cfkm\gf] rl/q ;'wf/L Ps dlxgf leq /sd lkmtf{ ug]{ pgnfO{ sfuh u/fOPsf] 5 . l;+unn] cfkm" bf]ifL ePsf] :jLsf/]sf 5g\ . :d/0f /xf];\ s]xL ;do cufl8 rnlrq lgdf{tf hut /fhynfn] klg kfl/hftsf] cd/s[lt pkGof; lzl/ifsf] km"ndf cfwfl/t rnlrq lgdf{0f u5'{ egL y'k|} ;fyL efO{ tyf ;xsdL{x¿nfO{ ;d]t wf]sf lbO{ pQm cd/s[ltdfly h3Go cTofrf/ u/]sf lyP .

;d:of ck|hftGq xf]Og, c/fi6«jfb xf]

– s]kL lwtfn

g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] ut ;KtfxfGt d+l;/ ^ ut]sf] lgwf{l/t ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgnfO{ j}zfvdf ;fg'kg]{ k|:tfj u/]kl5 /fli6«o /fhgLltdf lgs} 7"nf t/+ux¿ p7]sf 5g\ . g]skf dfcf]jfbL ;+ljwfg;ef dfkm{t ;vfk x'g] vt/fsf sf/0f lgjf{rgaf6 efUg nfu]sf] xf] eGg] lj/f]wLx¿sf] :j/sf jLr csf{ jl/i7 g]tf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] b]zdf oxL l:ylt ljBdfg /x]df d+l;/ dlxgfdf r'gfj x'g g;Sg] :ki6 u/]kl5 g]skf dfcf]jfbL d+l;/ ^ ut]sf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg rfxb}g eGg] k|i6 e};s]sf] 5 . ca k|Zg p7]sf] 5 ;f] kf6L{ cflv/ lsg lgwf{l/t ldltdf lgjf{rg rfx“b}g / lsg j}zfv lt/ r'gfj xf]; eGg] rfxG5 t <

klxnf] ;To s] xf] eg] g]skf dfcf]jfbL aGb's, v's'/L, v'“8f, nf7L / /8x¿df ljZjf; ug]{ sfo{stf{x¿sf] Ps ljzfn k+lQm xf] . hgo'4sfne/L n8fOsf df]rf{x¿df p;n] cfkm\gf cJjn sfo{stf{x¿ u'dfpg' k/]sf]df dgfpg' kg]{ b'Mv eGbf ;]gf jf k|x/Laf6 sAhf hdfPsf xltof/sf] ;+VofnfO{ hLtsf] v'zLdf ;f6\g] cEof; u¥of] . juL{o d'lQm cfGbf]ngsf] gfddf zq'x¿nfO{ uf“h/ jf d"nf ;/x sf6\g' p;sf] dfgj ;+j]bgfdf cToGt ;fdfGo ljifo aGof] / ;lxbx¿sf] …nfzÚ nfO{ cfkm\gf] ljhosf] kl/efiffdf cg'jfb ub}{ uof] . hgtfdf nf]slk|o x'g'eGbf xltof/åf/f dflg;nfO{ cFTd;dk{0f ug{ nufP/ pgLx¿dfly cfkm\gf] cflwkTo hdfP/ cfk"mnfO{ ljh]tfsf] ¿kdf b]Vg'eGbf nf]stflGqs aGg' slt ufx|f] /x]5 < ca eg] dfcf]jfbLn] a'em]sf] x'g'k5{ .

bf];|f] ;To s] xf] eg] xfd|f] b]z ax'wfld{s, ax'hftLo, ax'eflifs / ax'ef}uf]lns :j¿ksf] 5 . …af“b/af6 dflg;lt/sf] ;+qmd0fÚ n]vdf PË]N;sf] efj oxL 5 ls k|s[ltdf …lkm6Ú x'g dflg;n] cfkm"nfO{ s;/L ¿kfGtl/t u¥of] < dfcf]jfbLn] cfkm\gf k|flwsf/sf p4/0fx¿ t k9] t/ To;leqsf] pbfQ efjnfO{ a'em\g ;s]gg\ . s'g} klg ljrf/wf/fn] k|s[lt;“u …P8h:6Ú x'g] k|of; ug'{k5{ gls k|s[ltnfO{ cfkm\gf] ljrf/wf/f;“u …P8h:6Ú u/fpg] 3[i6tf ug'{ k5{ . pgLx¿n] xfd|f] b]zsf] ax'cfoflds ljljwtfnfO{ a'em\g ;s]gg / Vofn Vofnd} Ps wd{sf] JolQmnfO{ csf]{ wd{sf] JolQm;“u, Ps hfltsf] JolQmnfO{ csf]{ hfltsf] JolQm;“u, Ps efiffsf] JolQmnfO{ csf]{ efiffsf] JolQm;“u / Ps e"uf]nsf] JolQmnfO{ csf]{ e"uf]nsf] JolQm;“u zq'tf ug{ l;sfP . pgLx¿n] h] h:tf] ld7f] cfj/0fdf of] ljefhgsf] /]vf sf]/]sf] eP klg dw]; / yf?jfgsf pbfx/0f g} sfkmL 5g\ ls ;f“Rr} eGg] xf] eg] ca Toxf“af6 dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;+;bdf kfOnf 6]Sg] 7fp“;Dd 5}g .

t];|f] ;To s] xf] eg] dfcf]jfbL cfkm}n] cfkm\gf zq'x¿sf] k+lQmnfO{ ljzfn agfof] . ju{o'4sf] gfddf lgxTyfJolQmx¿nfO{ em'7f d'2f nufP/ …;kmfofÚ ug]{ sfd dfq u/]g pgLx¿dfly cfl>t kl/jf/x¿sf] pl7jf; ;d]t nufof] . ;dfhdf Pp6f ;DaGw agfP/ a;]sf dflg;x¿dflysf] of] Jojxf/sf] c;/ sxf“–sxf“;Dd kg{ ;S5 eGg] cg'dfg g]kfnL qmflGtsf] ;+Zn]lift ljrf/ …k|r08kyÚ n] b]Vg ;s]g . h'g ljrf/wf/fsf dflg; hlxn] ;Qfdf a:5g\, tlxn]–tlxn] tL ljrf/wf/fsf sfo{stf{nfO{ ufp“ s'gfdf ce/df kf/]/ dfg'{ / pgLx¿sf cfl>t kl/jf/nfO{ pl7jf; nufpg' k|r08kysf] cfbz{ l;4fGt alg/fVof] . g]kfndf o:tf] s'g} ljrf/wf/f af“sL 5}g, h;;“u dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;q'tfk"0f{ ;DaGw gagfPsf xf]pg . d}n] dfcf]T;]t'ªnfO{ 7Ls k9]sf] 5' eg] qmflGt ;DkGg ug]{ Pp6f k|d'v zt{ xf] zq'x¿sf] k+lQmnfO{ ;f“3'/f] ug'{ . cfh cfP/ nf]stflGqs aGg' g} lyof] / …Aofn]6Ú sf] af6f]df cfTd;dk{0f ug'{ g} lyof] eg] hgo'4sf /rgfsf/x¿n] v} b]zaf;L;“u dfkmL dfu]sf] <

rf}yf] / ;jf{lws dxTjsf] ;To s] xf] eg]–xfd|f] b]zsf] ;d:of …ck|hftGqÚ xf]Og, xfd|f] b]zsf] ;d:of t …c/fi6«jfbÚ xf] . h'g;'s} ljrf/wf/faf6 lgb]{lzt …qmflGtÚ sf] klxnf] kvf{n g} …c/fi6«jfbÚ xf] . of] c/fi6«jfb xfd|f k/Dk/f, l/lt–l/jfh, wd{, ;+:s[lt, s[lif, pBf]u / aGb Jokf/df dfq ;Lldt 5}g, a? k|i6} b]lvg] u/L, ;'lgg] u/L / a'lemg] u/L ;Qfsf] s]Gb|df ;d]t x:tIf]k u/L /x]sf] 5 . P;=8L= d'lgsf lk|o lziox¿ /fi6«jfbsf] of] lrGtfnfO{ hlt;'s} d08n] /fi6«jfb eg'g\ tfklg xfd|f] b]zdf of] af/Daf/ rGb|z]v/, s/0fl;+x jf ;Ltf/fd o]r'/Lsf] ¿kdf ;Qfsf] s]Gb| jl/jl/ 3'ld/x]sf] 5 . k|i6 b]lvPsf] ;To s]xf] eg] xfd|f] b]zsf] ;fdflhs Joj:yf dfq x}g, /fHo Joj:yfsf] :j¿k s:tf] x'g] eGg] ;d]t o;}n] lgwf{/0f ub}{ cfO/x]sf] 5 . vf;u/L xfd|f] b]zsf /fhgLlts bnx¿ oxL c/fi6«jfbsf] cflzjf{bsf nflu cfkm\gf] ;Dk"0f{ ljj]s vr{ ul//x]sf 5g\ . Ps k6s g]skf dfcf]jfbL c/fi6«jfbsf] oxL x:tIf]ksf lj?4 ;'?ª o'4 n8\g;d]t tof/ b]lvof] . t/ t'?Gt p;n] cfkm"nfO{ !*) l8u|L ¿kfGtl/t u¥of] / rlr{t r'gjfª a}7s dfkm{t cfkm\gf] ljj]snfO{ p;}sf] kf]N6fdf kfl/lbof] . /fhgLltsf] of] cb[Zo v]nleq 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ dfq PSnf v]nf8L lyP / sd/]8 k|r08 lgbf{]if lyP eGg ldNb}g . nf]stGqsf] axfnL nuQ} cfkm\gf] ef/t e|d0fdf kfPsf] :jfut ;Tsf/kl5 oxL c/fi6«jfbsf] :t'tLdf k|r08n] kfls:tfgsf] cfOP;cfOnfO{ u/]sf] ;Qf];/fkaf6 klg oxL s'/fsf] k'i6L x'G5 . ;dfofGt/df cfP/ dw];df blGsPsf] cfuf]n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ;+ljwg;efsf] lgjf{rgsf nflu al;l6Sg glbg] oxL c/fi6«jfb xf] eGg] klg a'lemPsf] x'g'k5{ .

hgo'4 ;|i6fx¿n] k|r08kynfO{ g]kfnL qmflGtsf] ;+Zn]lift ljrf/ elg s;/L lg:sif{ lgsfn], Tof] pgLx¿ g} hfg'g\ . t/ dfcf]jfbLsf] gfd glbP/ klg bnfn nf]ggf]nsf] ;//sf/ ktg u/fpg / sDo'lgi6x¿nfO{ ljhoL agfpg vd]/?hn] sDaf]l8ofdf h'g hgo'4 ;~rfng u/], To;af6 k|r08kyn] s]xL gl;s]sf] b]lvof] . /fhf g/f]Qd l;+xfg'ssf] kf]i6/ 5ftLdf 6f+u]/ sDaf]l8ofnL qmflGtsf/Lx¿n] ;g\ !(&% df sDo'lgi6 ;Qf :yflkt u/]sf lyP . kl5 uP/ pgLx¿sf] uNtL t s] dfq lyof] eg], pgLx¿n] Toxf“sf] /fhtGqnfO{ …rflx+bfsf] ef“8f], grflx+bfsf] 7f“8f]Ú agfO lbP . /fhf l;+xfg'ssf] rLg :jlgjf{;gn] Toxf“sf] sDo'lgi6 ;QfnfO{ tf;sf] dxndf kl/0ft ul/lbof] .

otL nfdf] ;dokl5 dfcf]jfbLx¿sf] Pp6f cf“vf] v'n]sf] b]lvG5 ls olx c/fi6«jfbn] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdfkm{t pgLx¿nfO{ l;Wofpb}5 . ;+ljwfg;efdfkm{t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] lglZrt / sNkgLo k/fhonfO{ ca s;}n] klg /f]Sg ;Sb}g . obL ;f“Rr} pgLx¿ km]l/ Ao"“emg rfxG5g\ eg] pgLx¿n] lbNnLsf] ;Tsf/nfO{ la;{g'k5{ / !@ a'“b] ;Demf}tfk|lt cfTdfnf]lrt x'g}k5{ . cGoyf cfkm\g} hg;Qfn] u/fPsf ufp“ hg;/sf/sf lgjf{rgdf cfkm\g} kf6L{n] ef]Ug' k/]sf k/fhoeGbf klg lgs} nHhfhgs k/fhosf nflu g]skf dfcf]jfbL tof/ /xg'sf] ljsNk 5}g .

ah]6d} pk]lIft dlxnf :jf:Yo

zfGtf a:g]t

o; jif{ :jf:Yo If]qdf emG8} kf}g] # ca{ ah]6 a9]sf] 5 . ;du| ah]6df lzIff, dlxnf / ;+ljwfg;efn] k|fyldstf kfP klg :jf:Yodf 5'6\ofOPsf] ah]6df dlxnf :jf:YonfO{ eg] k"/} a]jf:tf ul/Psf] 5 . kl/jf/ lgof]hg tyf dft[ lzz' sNof0f Pjd\ dlxnf :jf:Yo :jod\;]ljsf sfo{qmdcGtu{t 5'6\ofOPsf] @& s/f]8 !) nfv @% xhf/afx]ssf gof“ sfo{qmd ah]6df s]xL klg 5}g . of] ljut jif{s} sfo{qmdsf] lg/Gt/tf xf] .

kl/jf/ :j:y /xg klxn] To; kl/jf/df /x]sf dlxnfsf] :jf:Yol:ylt 7Ls x'g'k5{ . t/, clxn] b]zsf u|fdL0f dlxnfsf] :jf:Yol:ylt sxfnLnfUbf] 5 . pgLx¿n] cf ˆ gf] :jf:YonfO{ slxNo} k|fyldstfdf /fVg EofPsf 5}gg\ . k"j{–klZrd jf lxdfn–t/fO{ ;a}lt/sf dlxnfsf :jf:Yo–;d:of plQs} / p:t} 5g\ . @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgfcg';f/ g]kfndf dlxnfsf] ;ª\Vof ! s/f]8 !% nfv *& xhf/ %;o @ 5 . of] s'n ;ª\Vofsf] %! k|ltzt x'g cfp“5 . o;dWo] $@=* k|ltzt dfq ;fIf/ 5g\ . oLdWo] *% k|ltzt dlxnf ufp“df a:5g\ / pgLx¿ :jf:Yo ;d:ofaf6 a9L kLl8t 5g\ .

tYofª\scg';f/ g]kfndf !% b]lv $( jif{sf % hgf dlxnfdWo] ! hgfn] dft[d[To'sf] ;d:of a]xf]l//x]sf 5g\ . b]zsf] dft[ d[To'b/ ck]lIft of]hgfcg';f/ 36\g ;s]sf] 5}g . :jf:Yo ;]jf ljefu, kl/jf/ :jf:Yo dxfzfvfsf lgb]{zs 8fS6/ afns[i0f ;'j]bL u|fdL0f dlxnfsf]] 7"nf] ;d"x :jf:Yo ;]jfaf6 cem} jl~rt /x]sfn] dlxnf :jf:Yodf ck]lIft ;'wf/ cfpg g;s]sf] atfp“5g\ . ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿sf] efiffdf :jf:Yodf 5'6\ofOPsf] ah]6 x]bf{ ;/sf/ dlxnf :jf:Yok|lt cem} uDeL/ x'g ;s]sf] 5}g eGg] b]lvG5 . ul/aL / ef]sd/Ln] :jf:Yo ;d:of a9fpg] ePsfn] To:tf] ;d'bfosf dlxnfdf o;n] k|efj a9L k5{ . 8f= z/b jGt eG5g\, …ljBdfg :jf:Yo k|0ffnLn] u|fdL0f dlxnfsf] ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g .Ú 8f= jGtsf zAbdf oltv]/ g]kfnL dlxnfsf] :jf:Yol:ylt ;'wf/ ug{ pgLx¿sf] lzIff / cfly{s j[l4nfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fVg'k5{ . o; jif{sf] :jf:Yo ah]6n] kl/jf/ lgof]hg, ;'/lIft dft[Tj sfo{qmd tyf ;'Ts]/L dlxnfnfO{ lbg] eQf sfo{qmdnfO{ lg/Gt/tf t lbPsf] 5 t/ sfo{qmdsf] vfsf k|i6 5}g .

ah]6sf] sfof{Gjogn] hg;ª\Vof lgoGq0fdf d2t k'Ug], afn tyf dft[d[To'b/ 36\g], c:ktfnsf] ef}lts cj:yfdf ;'wf/ cfpg] tyf ;du|df cf};t cfo' a9fpg d2t k'Ug] ljZjf; :jf:Yo dGqfnon] lnPsf] 5 . t/, u|fdL0f dlxnfnfO{ :jf:Yo ;'ljwfsf] kx'“rdf k'¥ofpg] klxnf] r'gf}tLnfO{ eg] dGqfnon] lal;{Psf] 5 . ;/sf/n] ah]6df afnd[To'b/ sd ug{ !^ lhNnf yk u/L ^$ lhNnfdf PsLs[t afn/f]u Joj:yfkg sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ dlxnf :jo+;]ljsfnfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ k|To]s uflj;df cIfo sf]if :yfkgf ug]{ s'/f cufl8 NofPsf] 5 . t/, :yfgLo lgsfo hgk|ltlglwljxLg ePsf a]nf 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] of] sfo{qmdk|lt ljZj:t x'g] cfwf/ eg] 5}g . u|fdL0f dlxnf kf7]3/ v:g], c;'/lIft ue{ktg / k|;"ltsf sf/0f ;a}eGbf a9L kLl8t 5g\ . To;sf] lg/fs/0fdf ;/sf/n] k|fyldstf lbPsf] b]lvPg . sd pd]/df ue{jtL x'g] / a9L ;Gtfg hGdfP/ :jf:Yo ;d:ofdf k/]sf dlxnfsf] ;ª\Vof sd 5}g . x]bf{ / ;'Gbf ;fdfGoh:tf] nfu] klg dlxnf :jf:Yosf lx;fan] oL s'/f cToGt dxTjk"0f{ x'g\ .

:jf:Yo dGqfnosf ;x;lrj 8f= lg/fsf/dfg >]i7 k|:tfljt ah]6n] cfwf/e"t :jf:Yo ;]jf ;'ne / u'0f:t/Lo ¿kdf pknAw u/fpg d2t k'Ug] ljZjf; JoQm u5{g\ . eG5g\, …:jf:Yosf] ;'wf/ cfhsf] ef]]ln x'“b}g . kl5Nnf jif{df hg:jf:Yo ;/sf/L k|fyldstfdf 5 / nufgLcg';f/sf] pknlAw lg/fzfhgs klg 5}g . t/, cem /fd|f] ug{ dlxnf :jf:Yosf] ;'wf/sf nflu :jf:Yodf ah]6 a9fpg'k5{ .Ú

kl/jf/ lgof]hg ;ª\3sf sfo{qmd lgb]{zs 8f= lul/wf/L zdf{ kf}8]nrflx“ ah]6sf] ljlgof]hgdf j[l4 x'g' ;sf/fTds kIf ePsf] pNn]v ub}{ dGqfnon] ah]6 sfof{Gjogdf ckgfpg] pkfon] k|:tfljt sfo{qmd slt k|efjsf/L x'G5 b]vfpg] atfp“5g\ . pgsf zAbdf ljlgof]lht ah]6 sfof{Gjog klg dxTjk"0f{ kf6f] xf] . …lhNnf:t/sf / To;eGbf klg tnsf :jf:Yorf}sLdf ;dod} ah]6sf] lgsf;f x'G5 ls x“'b}g, :yfgLo lgsfonfO{ Tof] ah]6 vr{ ug]{ clwsf/ lbOG5 ls lbOGg, sfo{qmdsf] k|efjsfl/tf To;af6 klg d"Nofª\sg x'G5,Ú 8f= kf}8]nsf] egfO 5 . kf}8]nn] eg]h:t} b]zsf :jf:Yorf}sLdf ;dodf ah]6 gk'u]/ jf cf}iflw gk'u]/ ;d:of k/]sf pbfx/0f k|;:t 5g\ . :jf:YosdL{ geP/ c;'/lIft k|;"ltsf] ;d:of ef]Ug]x¿ klg plQs} 5g\ . ;/sf/sf] ah]6efif0fn] dfq l:ylt ;'wf/ x'g] cf+sng ug{ kSs} ;lsGg .

#% jif{ :jf:Yo dGqfnodf latfPsL 8f= 5q cdfTosf cg';f/ ut jif{sf] t'ngfdf o; jif{sf] ljlgof]lht ah]6 s]xL xb;Dd ;'lw|Psf] 5 . o;n] dft[ tyf afnd[To'b/ 36fpg] k|lta4tf klg b]vfPsf] 5 . tyflk ;'Ts]/LnfO{ lbO“b} cfPsf] eQfdf lg/Gt/tf lbOg] 5 eg] klg Tof] cln a9L xr'jf 5 . …ljut jif{df ;'Ts]/L eQfdf sltsf]] kx'“r k'Uof] To; ljifodf ;/sf/L lgsfo df}g b]lvG5,Ú 8f= cdfTosf] egfO 5, …olb nlIft ju{n] kfpg'kg]{ ;'ljwf kfPsf 5}gg\ eg] lsg kfPgg\, k|zf;lgs emGem6 jf ef}uf]lns ljs6tf s] xf], sf/0f klxNofpg'k5{ . h;n] ubf{ sfo{qmd sfof{Gjogdf ;lhnf] x'G5 .Ú

oBlk xfn} ;fj{hlgs hg;fª\lVos tyf :jf:Yo ;j]{If0f @))^ n] kl5Nnf kf“r jif{df g]kfnsf] s'n k|hggb/ 36]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . of] b/ $=! af6 36]/ #=! ePsf] 5 . cyf{t\ ljjflxt g]kfnL dlxnf cfkm\gf] hLjgsfndf cf};t # ;Gtfg hGdfO/x]sf 5g\ . To:t} ;j]{If0fn] lzz' tyf % jif{d'lgsf] afnd[To'b/ ;g\ @))! sf] t'ngfdf @% k|ltzt 36]sf] b]vfPsf] 5 . dlxnfsf] :jf:Yodf klg ljut % jif{df ;'wf/ cfPsf] b]lvG5 . xfnsf] ;j]{If0fdf $$ k|ltzt ue{jtL dlxnf bIf :jf:YosdL{af6 ;'/lIft ;'Ts]/L ;'ljwf lnO/x]sf 5g\ . ;g\ @))! sf] tYofª\sdf Ps ltxfO{ dlxnfn] dfq of] ;]jf lng] u/]sf] b]lvPsf] lyof] . To:t}, ;g\ @))^ df dft[d[To'b/ k|lt ! nfv hLljt hGddf @*! /x]sf] 5 . of] b/ ;g\ !((^ df %#( lyof] . ;/sf/n] ;g\ @)!% ;Dddf of] b/ 36fP/ !#$ df emfg]{ k|lta4tf hgfPsf] 5 . ;j]{If0fsf] ;sf/fTds k|ltj]bgdf dfq dVv k/]/ dlxnf :jf:Yodf ah]6 ga9fpg] xf] eg] xfdL k'/fg} cj:yfdf kmls{g a]/ gnfUg] s'/f klg plQs} dggof]Uo 5 .

;/sf/n] ;g\ @)!% ;Dddf b]zsf ;a}nfO{ ;j{;'ne tl/sfn] :jf:Yo ;'ljwf lbg] / ;a}nfO{ :jf:Yo ;'ljwfsf] cfwf/e"t kx'“rdf k'¥ofpg] k|lta4tf JoQm u/]sf] 5 . b;f}+ k~rjifL{o of]hgf / ;x;|fAbL ljsf; nIodf klg of] s'/f pNn]v 5 . t/, ;/sf/n] :jf:Yodf ljlgof]hg u/]sf] ah]6 x]bf{ ;g\ @)!% ;Dddf nIo k"/f x'g]df cfzfjfbL x'g] 7fp“ b]lv“b}g . u|fdL0f dlxnf :jf:Yo ;'ljwfsf] kx'“rdf gk'u];Dd :jf:Yosf] ;x;|fAbL nIo k"/f x'g g;Sg] kSsf 5 . ljleGg cWoog k|ltj]bgn] klg dlxnf :jf:Yo ;'wf/sf] s'/fnfO{ cf}+NofPsf 5g\ . lj1x¿sf zAbdf b]zsf] ef}uf]lns, ;fdflhs / If]qut cj:yfsf sf/0f dlxnfsf ;d:of klg km/s–km/s 5g\ . tL km/s ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg x'g] u/L dlxnf :jf:Yodf ah]6 ljlgof]hg gu/];Dd pknlAw xfl;n x'g ;Sb}g . ;du| :jf:Yosf] ah]6 a9] klg dlxnf :jf:Yosf k'/fg} sfo{qmdnfO{ dfq lg/Gt/tf lbOg] / ;'wf/sf] ck]Iff ug'{ lagfnufgL k|ltkmnsf] cfzf ug'{h:t} xf] .

k|;+u ;+ljwfg;efsf] s] d+l;/ ^ ut] lgjf{rg x'g ;Snf t <

>Leb| zdf {{

clxn]sf] g]kfnsf] /fhgLlt ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ t/+lut x'g k'u]sf] 5 . /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+af6 k|sflzt x'g] ;dfrf/kq / c? ;+rf/dfWodx¿ o;}sf] rrf{df Jo:t b]lvG5g\ . lgjf{rg cfof]u;d]t lgjf{rg x'g] s'/fdf 9'Ss eO{ /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿ / g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;d]t b]ze/ lgjf{rgsf] jftfj/0f agfpg em\sem\sSofO/x]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL;d]t d+l;/ ^ ut] …d r'gfj gu/fO{ 5f]8\lbg“, ;a}n] o;'df 9'Ss eP x'G5Ú eg]/ x/]s kf6L{sf g]tf sfo{stf{x¿nfO{ cfZj:t kfg]{ sfddf kl5 kg'{ePsf] 5}g . t/klg lsglsg lgjf{rgsf nflu h:tf] jftfj/0f aGg'kg]{ xf], To:tf] ag]sf] b]lvPg . dflg;x¿sf] cfz+sf s] 5 eg] sxL+ d+l;/ ^ ut] r'gfj x'g g;s]/ km]l/ klg ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg ug'{kg]{ t xf]Og < o;}n] klg vf;u/L /fhgLlts kf6L{x¿n] hgtfdf /x]sf] cfz+sfnfO{ d]6fpg] / r'gfj x'g] s'/fdf k"0f{ ljZjf; lbnfpb} o;sf nflu cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] tof/L klg Tolts} b|"tultdf cufl8 a9fpg cfjZos 5 . of] lsg klg eg] lgjf{rgaf6 ca aGg cfpg] ;+ljwfgnfO{ g]kfnsf /x]s ;d:of ;dwfgsf nflu ;jf}{iflw cyjf a|x\df:qsf ¿kdf xfdLn] lng] u/]sf 5f}+ . /fh;+:yfsf] lg0f{o ug]{b]lv lnP/ d'n'ssf cGo ;d:of ;dfwfg ug]{ s'/f klg xfdLn] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ lhDd]jf/ 7x¥ofPsf 5f}+ . o;y{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg 6b}{ uof] eg] lo ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg s;/L / slxn] xf]nf t < o;}n] ;/sf/, bnx¿, gful/s ;dfh, a'låhLlj / ldl8of;d]t ldn]/ d+l;/ ^ ut] x'g] elgPsf] lgjf{rgnfO{ ;kmn t'Nofpg}k5{ . olb sy+sbflrt Tof] x'g ;s]g eg] d'n's 7"nf] ;+s6df kg{;Sg]5 .

;+ljwfg;efsf] k|Zg p7]sf] oBlk @))& ;fnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgaf6} xf] . To;df :ki6 elgPsf] lyof]–g]kfnsf] zf;g Joj:yf g]kfnL hgtfn] r'g]sf] ;+ljwfg;efaf6 g} lgwf{/0f x'g]5 . PstGqLo zf;gnfO{ ;dfKt u/]/ k|hftflGqs zf;g Joj:yfsf] ;"qkft u/]sf] Tolta]nfsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] tf]s]sf] ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfj ljljw sf/0fj; t'lxP/ uPsf] / ;+ljwfg;efsf] 7fp“df ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rg x'g k'Ubf clxn];Dd klg hgtfn] r'g]sf k|ltlglwåf/f ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{ eGg] s'/f yf“tL /lx/x]sf] cj:yfdf lgjf{rgsf] s'/fnfO{ xfn cfP/ ;zQm ¿kdf p7fpg] kf6L{ g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ g} xf] . t/ of] kf6L{n] hgtf;fd' pRr :j/df cfjfh p7fP klg d+l;/ ^ ut] hlt glhls+b} hf“b}5, Tolt g} lgjf{rgsf nflu ;t{x¿ yKb} hfg yfn]sf] 5 . dfcf]jfbL;d]tsf ;a} kf6L{sf] ;xdltdf ag]sf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgn] /fhtGqsf] eljio ;+ljwfg;efsf] klxnf] a}7saf6 lgwf{l/t x'g] 5 eGg] :ki6 ¿kdf n]lvPsf] x'“bf / dfcf]jfbLsf] ;f] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf ;xdlt /x“bf/x“b} klg clxn] cfP/ dfcf]jfbLsf] rsf]{ gf/f s] x'g k'u]sf] 5 eg] /fh;+:yfsf] cGTo gu/L / u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff gu/L ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg x'g ;Sb}g . oltdfq xf]Og, cl:t z'qmaf/sf] Ps cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] d+l;/ ^ ut]sf] ;§f ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ca )^% j}zfvdf ug'{kg]{ s'/f p7fP/ hgdtnfO{ cfZro{sf] e'd/Ldf ws]lnlbg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] olt;Dd eGg'ePsf] 5 ls clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg x'g] xf] eg] Tof] lgjf{rg ;+;b\sf] lgjf{rg jf /fli6«o k+rfotsf] lgjf{rgeGbf km/s x'g]5}g . lxhf];Dd d+l;/ ^ ut]sf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg s'g} xfntdf klg ;DkGg ul/g'k5{ . Tof] ePg eg] d'n'sdf ;+s6 cfpg ;S5 eg]/ pRr :j/df cfjfh p7fpb} cfPsf k|r08af6 g} :jo+ r'gfj ;fg]{ / r'gfj cfufdL j}zfvdf ul/g'kg]{ pxf“sf] ;'emfan] /fhgLlts kf6L{, a'l4hLjL, gful/s ;dfh, dfgjclwsf/jfbL / ldl8ofdf ;+nUg ;a}nfO{ cfZro{ nfUg' s] c;Dej xf] / < k|r08h:tf] JolQmn] o; k|sf/sf] k|Zg p7fp“bf To;k5fl8 lglxt p2]Zo s] xf] t eg]/ cfh ;a}n] ;f]Rg'kg]{ cfjZostf 5 . o;sf] k5fl8sf] Pp6} ts{ clxn]sf] cGtl/d Joj:yflksf ;+;bn] g} u0ftGqsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{k5{ / /fh;+:yfsf] cl:tTj ;dfKt u/]/ dfq ;+ljwfg;ef u/]/ dfq ;+ljwfg;ef r'gfjdf hfg'k5{ eGg] ;a}n] a'em]sf] s'/f xf] .

pxf“x¿n] /fVg] u/]sf] of] ts{n] d]/f] dgdf b'O{j6f k|Zg p7fpg] u/]sf] 5 . olb dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿sf] oxL ts{ g} clGtd c7f]6 lyof] eGg] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fs} cj:yfdf of] k|Zg lsg cfPg t < csf]{, /fh;+:yf kmfNg] jf /fVg] eGg] lg0f{o ug]{ clGtd clwsf/ s;sf] xf]– kf6L{ g]tfx¿sf] cyjf ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgaf6 lgjf{lrt eO cfPsf ljwfosx¿sf] < cem /fd|f] s] x'g] lyof] eg] /fh;+:yfsf af/]df /fh;+:yf rflxg] jf grflxg] eg]/ #^ ;fndf h:tf] hgdt;+u|x x'g ;s]sf] eP /fhtGqsf] pGd'ng u/L u0ftGqsf] :yfkgfdf cfdhgtfn] cfkm\gf] k|ToIf ;xeflutf hgfpg kfpg] lyP . of] t ePg g}, ca lgjf{rgaf6 cfpg] hgk|ltlglw / pgLx¿sf xftaf6 Tof] clwsf/ vf];]/ kf6L{sf s]xL g]tfx¿sf] xftdf ;'Dkg] jf hgk|ltlglwsf] xftdf 5f]8\g] < dfcf]jfbLsf] clxn]sf] dfun] :ki6 lgjf{lrt eO cfPsf hgk|ltlglwx¿sf] xftaf6 ;f] clwsf/ vf];L kf6L{sf g]tfx¿ cfkm}+n] lng] eGg] cy{ cfp“5 . x'g t clxn] klg cGtl/d Joj:yflksf ;+;b\ gePsf] xf]Og, ToxL ;+;b\n] of] clwsf/ k|of]u u5{ eGg ;lsG5 t/ o;df xfdLn] ;f]Rg'kg]{ s'/f s] 5 eg] clxn]sf] cGtl/d Joj:yflksf ;+;b\df hgtfaf6 lgjf{lrt eO cfPsf k|ltlglw s'grflx+ 5g\ t < g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf -Pdfn]_ nufotsf kf6L{x¿n] eGg ;Snfg\, @)%^ sf] lgjf{rgdf xfdL hgtfåf/f g} r'lgP/ cfPsf] xf]Ogf}+ / < pxf“x¿sf] of] ts{ Dofb ;lsPsf] cf}ifwL h:tf] xf] . )%^ ;fndf kfPsf] hgtfsf] hgfb]z pxf“x¿n] k"/f sfd ug{ kfPsf] eP klg s]jn kf“r jif{sf nflu dfq} lyof] . )^! ;fndf lgjf{rg x'g}kYof]{ . clxn]sf] cGtl/d ljwflosf ;+;b hgcfGbf]ngsf] DofG8]6af6 dfq cfPsf] xf] . Tof] klg lr/sfnsf nflu x'g;Sg] s'/} cfPg . hgcfGbf]ngsf] DofG8]6 eGg' t yf]/} ;dosf nflu dfq} xf] . of] ;bfsf nflu :yfoL Joj:yf x'g ;Sb}g . :yfoL Joj:yfsf nflu t hgtf;dIf hfg} k5{ / clxn]sf] ;Gbe{df hgtf;dIf hfg' ePsf] d+l;/ ^ ut] x'g] elgPsf] ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rg g} xf] . Tolta]nf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg x'g ;s]g eg] d'n'sdf ljBdfg ;+;b, dGqLkl/ifb\ nufot ;a} ;+:yf cj}wflgs / u}/sfg'gL ;flat x'g k'Ug] 5g\ . s] ca xfdLn] To:t} Joj:yf Nofpg] xf] t < d]/f] ljrf/df clxn]sf] ljrf/0fLo k|Zg g} oxL xf] .

–cGgk"0f{ kf]i6af6

sf]xL cfTdxTof u5{g, sf]xL gS;njfbL aG5g\

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ut -!(**_ km]a'|c/L ^ tfl/vsf] 6fOD; ckm Ol08ofsf] klxnf] k[i7df l;lnË ºofgaf6 em'l08/x]sf sfgk'/sf tLg hgf lbbL–alxgLx¿ k"gd, ddtf / cnsfsf] jLeT; lrq b]v]/ dg–dl:tis cfGbf]lnt gx'g] zfob} s'g} ;Dj]bgzLn JolQm x'g ;SYof] . !* b]lv @@ jif{ pd]/sf :gfts / :gftsf]Q/ l8u|L k|fKt, ?kjtL / ;'zLn tL lgDg–dWod juL{o lbbL–alxgLx¿ …ljjfxÚ gfp“sf] qmo–ljqmo ahf/df a]lrg pgLx¿sf lgDg–j}tlgs sd{rf/L afa'n] oy]i7 bfOhf]sf] Joj:yf ug{ g;s]sfn] ;fd'lxs cfTdxTof ug{ k'u]sf lyP . tL xf]gxf/ o'jtLx¿sf] Tof] clGtd sbd slt pko'Qm lyof] / To;sf] ljsNk s] s] x'g;SYof] eGg] jf/] rrf{ kl/rrf{ cvjf/x¿df rn] klg rflxg] hlt ;/f]sf/ JoQm gul/g' cjZo g} b'MvbfoL s'/f ePsf] 5 . ToxL ;Gbe{df s]xL jif{ klxn] cfkm\g} cf“vfn] b]v]sf] To:t} cj:yfdf ckgfOPsf] csf{] j}slNks af6f]sf] ;Demgf dnfO{ e}/x]5 .

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