Kathmandu, Paush 19 2064.

:yflgo ;dfrf/

ef/taf6 xltof/sf] cf]O/f]

sf7df8f}+ . ;z:q k|x/Lsf l8P;kLsf] sdf08df …:k]zn 6f:s kmf];{Ú agfP/ lx+;fu|:t t/fO{sf lhNnfx¿df ;/sf/n] ;'/Iff an kl/rfng u/]klg zflGt / cdgr}gsf] ;+efjgf b]lvPsf] 5}g . pkb|f] dRrfpg] w'Gw'sf/Lsf] cl3cl3 jf kl5kl5 ;z:q / hgky u/L %) hgfsf …6f:s kmf];{Ú lxl8/x]sf] cg'ej zflGtsfdL t/fO{jf;Ln] u/]sf 5g\ .

åGbu|:t t/fO{sf lhNnfx¿sf] u'Kt cWoog u/L kms]{sf] Ps ;'/Iff ;"qsf cg';f/ /f}tx6, ;nf{xL / wg'iff lhNnfnfO{ ;z:q u'6x¿n] rnv]nsf] d}bfg agfPsf 5g\ . ;Kt/Ldf pkb|f] ug]{, jf/f, k;f{ / l;/fxfdf ckx/0f u/]/ n'sfpg] / pQ/L dxf]Q/Ldf cfkm" cfl>t x'g] u/]sf] 36gfqmdx¿n] b]vfPsf 5g\ . clxn] pNn]lvt lhNnfdf ljxf/L 3/]n' xltof/b]lv ?;L P;PdhL -:dfn d]l;gug_ wf/L hTyf 5\ofk5\ofKtL lx8\g] u/]sf 5g\ . k|To]s lhNnfdf u[xdGqfnonfO{ ;f]em} …l/kf]l6{ªÚ ug]{ clwsf/ / ;'ljwf ePsf /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefusf sd{rf/L eP klg pgLx¿sf] b}lgsL kqlsfsf ;dfrf/sf] cfwf/df j/kmjfu s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf va/ ub}{df laTg] u/]sf] 5 .

vf;u/L wg'iff / ;nf{xLdf pkb|f] stf{ ;z:q u'6x¿n] xltof/ e08f/ ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . slt;Dd eg] afudtL Aof/]h blIf0flt/ hnf/Lsf] k]zf c“ufNb} cfPsfnfO{ xftdf ef? ;osf] gf]6 ydfP/ uf8Ldf cfuf] emf]:g k7fpg] ;d"x klg zlQmjfg b]lvof] . …x'g t u'Ktr/ k|d'v -/fclj k|d'v_ g} nDkm" eP/ xf] . d]/f] ljefuLo clwsf/ geP klg b'O{ kN6 uP/ e]6]+ . ;a} atfP“ . cf“, c“ / p“ ub}{ 6f]kL km'sfn]/ skfn dfq sGofp“5, uDeL/ g} b]lvb}g .Ú /fclj k|d'v wgl;+x sfsL{ k|lt l6Kk0fL ub}{ pQm ;|f]tn] atfof] . x'g klg u[xdGqL s[i0fk|;fb l;+6f}nfsf] 5gf}6sf ;'b"/ klZrd]nL sfsL{nfO{ Ifdtf / bIftfxLg tyf bL3{sfnLg /0fgLlt agfpg / ;f]Rg g;Sg] hf;'; k|d'v dflgG5 . sl/a @% ;o sd{rf/L ePsf] /fcljn] xfn;Dd s'g} klg ultnf] ;"rgf kfP/ ;/sf/nfO{ ;"lrt u/]sf] 5}g . j/kmjfu cv8f 3fd tfKg] ynf] dfq ag]sf] Toxf“ sfo{/t sd{rf/Lx¿ g} :jLsf5{g\ . lqe'jg ljdfg :yndf /fcljsf] …lelhn]G;Ú eGg] zfvf x'G5 . Toxf“ Ps bh{g t cl3s[t g} x'G5g\ . t/ pgLx¿n] k'; # ut] lbp“;f] g]kfn l5/]sf …/Ú k|d'v k'; & ut] lbp“;} kmls{;s] eGg];Dd yfxf kfPgg\ .

t/fO{sf åGåu|:t cf7 lhNnfx¿df df5f df;' / uf]nf af?bsf] ;dfg sf/f]af/ e}/x]sf] cWoog kl5 kms]{sf] ;'/Iff 6f]nLsf] lgSof}{n 5 . xft] ad, ;'tnL ad / 5/f{ adnfO{ ;o ?lkof“ klg kb}{g . pQm ;'/Iff b:tfsf] l6kf]6df pNn]v ul/Psf] 5– …s6'jf lk:tf]n ? !))) b]lv @))) ;Dd, 3/]n' -b]zL_ l/ef]Nj/ ?=^))) b]lv *))) ;Dd, :k]zn -sf/vfgfdf tof/ ePsf]_ ?=!),))) b]lv !%,))) ;Dd, lrlgof“ lk:tf]n ?=!*,))) b]lv @),))) ;Dd, P;PdhL ?=#),))), y|L g6 y|L /fOkmn *),))) b]lv Ps nfv @),))) ;Dd, ;6ug ?=^) xhf/ b]lv () xhf/;Dd, 6'j]Nj/ ?=@) xhf/ b]lv &) xhf/;Dd, P;Pn cf/ -;]Nkm nf]l8ª /fOkmn_ @ b]lv # nfv;Dd, Ps] $& -c6f]d]l6s Snflg:sf]e_ ?=$ nfv, Po/ lk:tf]n ?=%)) b]lv !))) ;Dd / Po/ /fOkmn ? $ xhf/Ú k5{ . oL ;Dk"0f{ xltof/ u|fxsn] rfx]sf] e/df 3/d} pknAw u/fpg] wGbf klg ;z:q u'6x¿n] ub}{ cfPsf] ;'/IffsdL{sf] cWoog 6f]nLn] km]nf kf/]sf] 5 . t/, ;/sf/sf] u[x k|zf;g k|x/L 6f]nL s'bfPs} e/df zflGt 5fp“b} u/]sf] dgf]ut ljZn]if0fdf d:t ePsf] b]lvG5 .

j]Zofj[lQfsf] 3/fgLof ¿k

sf7df8f}+ . /fhwfgLdf d}dQ 3/fgLof ljjflxt tyf cljjflxt dlxnfn] klZrdf z}nLsf] …;]S; 6'/ Kofs]hÚ ;+rfng ul//x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . Pshgf ;+rf/sdL{ o'jf g} To:tf] sfo{df ;+nUg /x]kl5 pgLåf/f g} pQm /x:o v'n]sf] xf] .

Ps z'qmaf/] ;fKtflxsdf sfo{/t ul7nf] z/L/sf wgL tL ;+rf/sdL{sf cg';f/ dlxnf j]Zofsf] t'ngfdf k'?if j]Zofsf] hLjg pRr sf]6Lsf], ljnf;L / dgf]/GhgfTds 5 . sf7df8f}+df ljut !@ jif{b]lv pQm vfn] leqL wGbf ub}{ cfPsf pgn] eg], …dlxnfx¿ l;km{ Ps kN6 jf Ps /ftsf] ;Gt'li6 vf]Hb}gg\ . d …a'sÚ x'“bf klg pgLx¿n] cfh;Dd tLg lbg eGbf sdsf] u/fPsf 5}gg\ . xfd|f lglZrt :d/0fLo 7fp“x¿ 5g\–bfdg, gu/sf]6, s'l/g6f/, lh/L cflb .Ú pgn] cfkm" Ps xKt] …;]S; 6'/Ú df lrtjgsf] ;f}/fxf, kf]v/fb]lv dlxgf lbg] …6'/Ú df ef/tsf] uf]jfb]lv d':tfªsf] hf]d;f]d;Dd k'u]sf] atfP . klxn] dlxnfx¿ uf]Ko¿kdf k'?if vf]Hy] t/ clxn] Joj;flos e};s]sf] pgsf] bfjL 5 .

…k'?if j]Zofx¿ tLg lbgsf] slDtdf !% xhf/ ?lkof“df a's x'G5g\ lghL hLjg em}+ kf]lifnf] vfglkgsf] Joj:yf, :d/0fLo 7fp“sf] ofqf yk ;'ljwfg x'g\ .Ú tL ;+rf/sdL{n] cfkm\gf] cg'ej ;'gfpb} o;/L eg]– … P]ghLcf]sdL{ dlxnf / s]xL dlxnf kqsf/x¿ klg k/ k'/if rfxfg]{ ug'{x'G5 . t/ ca kqsfl/tfnfO{ g} k]zfut nIo lnP/ lx8]sfn] 6'/df guPsf] jif{lbg x'g nfUof] . clxn] b'O{ hgf :yfoL agfPsf] 5', ltg}af6 /fd|/L vr{ …d]G6]gÚeO/x]sf] 5 .Ú

xfn k'?if j]Zofj[lQnfO{ Joj;flos ug]{ sfd eg] gof“ jfg]Zj/sL OlGb/f yfkf, 7d]n 7lx6Lsf] >]i7 y/sL Ps cwj}+;] dlxnf / Ps dlxnf kqsf/n] 5'§f5'§} ¿kdf ul//x]sf] csf{ k'?if j]Zofn] atfP . o;af6 ljb]zdf >Ldfg x'g], rf8} ljwjf ePsf / >Ldfg;“usf] ;Gt'li6 /fd|/L gkfPsfx¿sf] p2f/ ePsf] pgsf] ljrf/ 5 . gf/L xslxtsf] s'/f ug]{ / dlxnf clwsf/sf] jsfnt ug]{b]lv 8fS6/L k]zf ug]{x¿ ;d]t xfdLnfO{ vf]Hb} lx8\5g\ . lsg eg] xfdL …tflnd k|fKt 5f}+ . pgLx¿n] xfd|f] km]zg / yf]k8f x]g]{ xf]Ogg\ , ;Gt'li6 vf]Hg] x'g\ . xfd|f] cfly{s dfu klg pgLx¿n] k"/f ulb{G5g\ . af“s]sf ;fpb y/ atfpg] pgn] eg] .

t/fO{ ttfpg] a}7s

sf7df8f}+ . /fhwfgLdf a;]/ t/fO{nfO{ ljefhg ug]{ cleofgnfO{ tLj| agfpg] sfd e}/x]sf] 5 . dw];L g]tfsf] hfdf nufPsf s]xL JolQmx¿sf] kxndf u7g ePsf] t/fO{–dw]; nf]stflGqs kf6L{sf] cfj/0fdf t/fO{nfO{ cnu u/fP/} 5f]8\g] cleofg z'? ePsf] 5 . ut d+unaf/ /fhwfgLdf ;DkGg ;f] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltn] dw];L /fhgLlts zlQm lgdf{0f ug]{ k|:tfj kf; u/]sf] 5 . dw];sf ;Da4 ljleGg kIf;“u /fhgLlts Pstf / dw];df cfGbf]ng ug]{af/] 5nkmn cufl8 a9fpg ;f] kf6L{n] sfo{bn u7g u/]sf] 5 . sfo{bndf ;f] kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:oåo /fdrGb| /fo / uf]ljGb rf}w/L /x]sf 5g\ . cfTdlg0f{osf] clwsf/ ;lxtsf] :jfoQ dw];sf] lje]bsf] cGTosf nflu dw];L / blnt hghfltsf] g]t[Tjsf] ckl/xfo{ cfjZostfnfO{ Wofgdf /fVb} dw];sf] a[xt /fhgLlts zlQm lgdf{0f cleofgnfO{ cem tLj| kfg{ / ;f]sf nflu g]kfn ;b\efjgf kf6L{ cfgGbLb]jL, dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d pk]Gb| ;d"x, dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d u'Ktf ;d"xnufot dw];L / blnt hflt;“u ;DalGwt ;a} ;+3 ;+u7gx¿;“u P]Soa4tfsf] k|of; cufl8 a9fpg sfo{bn u7g ul/Psf] elgPsf]5 .

t/fO{df 5'§} ;]gf, 5'§} cbfnt, 5'§} ;+;b, 5'§} k|zf;g / 5'§} k|x/Lsf] Joj:yf ul/g' kg]{ dfu ;lxt u7g ePsf] …t/fO{– dw]; nf]stflGqs kf6L{Ú nfO{ g]kfn 6'Sqmofpg] cleofgdf ef/tsf] Ozf/fdf ;+rfng ePsf] cf/f]k nflu/x]sf a]nf ;f] kf6L{n] k|of; u/]sf] Pstf cleofgn] s:tf] ult lng] xf] < x]g{ af“sL 5 .

k|r08 / kmf]/dnfO{ r]tfjgL

sf7df8f}+ . u7aGwg ;/sf/sf jl/i7 dGqL /fdrGb| kf}8]nn] dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08nfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ;jf]{Rr kb Tofu]/ /fhgLltdf cfpg / dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dnfO{ ;+ljwfg;efdf cfkm\gf] cl:tTj b]vfpg r]tfjgL lbg'ePsf] 5 . /fhwfgLdf cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf cfkm"x¿;“u} ;xefuL ePsf 7fp“df k|r08nfO{ hgd'lQm ;]gfsf] ;jf]{Rr sdf08/ eg]/ af]nfOPsf]df cfklQ hgfp“b} kf}8]nn] ;]gfsf] sdf08/ hgtfsf] g]tf aGg g;Sg] bfjL ug'{eof] . olb k|r08nfO{ ;]gfsf] ;jf]{Rr sdf08/ alg/xg] O{R5f 5 eg] /fhgLltaf6 cnu x'g'k5{ . ;]gfsf] sdf08/n] /fhgLlt ug{ ldNb}g . aGb's af]Sg]n] hgtfsf] g]tf x'“ eg]/ lx8\g' xf:of:kb xf] eGb} aGb's af]Sg] g]tfaf6 hgtfsf] ;'/Iffsf] sNkgf ug{ ;lsb}g eGg] kf}8]nsf] syg lyof]] .

sfo{qmdkl5 kqsf/x¿;“u s'/f ub}{ kf}8]nn] ;+ljwfg;efkl5 sfof{Gjog ug]{ eg]sf dfux¿ clxn} k"/f ug'kg]{ eGb} dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dn] klg lgx'“ vf]Hg yfn]sf] cf/f]k nufpg' eof] . ;/sf/ / kmf]/daLr ePsf ;Demf}tfx¿ sfof{Gjog e}/x]sf] / dw];sf ;a} dfu k"/f ePsf] bfjL ub}{ ca klg cfGbf]ngsf] s'/f ug'{ eg]sf] ;+ljwfg;ef ef“8\g lgx'“ vf]Hg' dfq ePsf] cf/f]k klg dGqL kf}8]nn] nufpg'eof] . :jfoQ /fHosf] dfu jt{dfg ;/sf/n] k"/f ug{ g;Sg] hjfkm lb+b} dGqL kf]8]nn] To;sf nflu ;+ljwfg;efdf cfkm\gf] cl:tTj b]vfpg tTk/ x'g klg r]tfjgL lbg'eof] .

;'/Iff xfO{ Pn6{df

sf7df8f}+ . /fli6«o k|hftGqjfbL g]kfnn] xfOHofssf] z}nLdf u0ftGq 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] eGb} lj/f]wdf kf}if @# ut]b]lv cfGbf]ng ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 ;/sf/n] ;'/Iff Joj:yfnfO{ ljz]if s8fug]{ ePsf] 5 . /fk|kf g]kfnsf cWoIf /jLGb|gfy zdf{n] /fhwfgLdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdfkm{t\ l6s] Joj:yflksfsf] lg0f{osf lj?4 ;8sdf pqg] hfgsf/L lb+b} b]zdf xfO{Hofs u/]/ u0ftGq NofOPsf] 5, of] l6s] ;+;bnfO{ To:tf] clwsf/ 5}g, xfdL ca /fhwfgLaf6} cfGbf]ngdf pqb} 5f} eg]/ r]tfjgL lbg'ePsf] 5 . /fhtGqsf] cGTo ug{ qmflGt jf hgdt ;+u|x cfjZos x'G5 eGb} zdf{n] tLdWo] s'g} k|lqmof gckgfO{ ul/Psf] u0ftGq 3f]if0ff cj}wflgs ePsf]df cfqmf]z JoQm ug'{eof] . ;+ljwfg;efn] u0ftGqsf] lg0f{o u/] :jLsf/ ug'{x'G5 ls ug'{ x'Gg eGg] ;+rf/sdL{sf] Ps k|Zgdf zdf{n] hLt] kl/0ffd :jLsfg]{ / xf/] :jLsf/ gug]{ xfdL ub}{gf}+ egL hjfkm lbg'eof] . cWoIf zdf{n] ;ftbn g]kfnL ;]gfsf] dgf]an lu/fpg nflu k/]sf] eGb} lgikIf ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgsf nflu t6:y ;/sf/ u7gsf] dfu klg ug'{ePsf] 5 .

/fk|kf g]kfnsf] ;8s cfGbf]ng ug]{ lg0f{on] u0ftflGqx¿nfO{ em:sfPsf] 5 eg] ;'/Iff ;+oGqnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ ;/sf/n] ljz]if ;hutf ckgfPsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . of] lg0f{on] /fhfjfbL / u0ftGqjfbL lsQfdf d'n'snfO{ :ki6 ¿kn] w'|jLs[t ug]{ / lx+;f e8\lsg] vt/f klg ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 .

o'jfx¿ ;d:of eP

sf7df8f}+ . ut zlgaf/ ef/tåf/f cltqmldt gjnk/f;Lsf] ;':tf uflj;df Pdfn] clvnn] cltqmd0fsf] lj/f]w ub}{ /fli6«o em08f kmx/fof] . sl/a ;ohgfsf] o'jf ljBfyL{ 6f]nLnfO{ :yfgLojf;Ln] ;fy lbP . clvnsf] s]Gb|Lo 6f]nL :yfgLo d'Ggf vf“ k|lt cfef/ k|s6 ub}}{ kmls{of] . t/, /fli6«o ;f“w ;Ldf cltqmd0fsf] lj/f]wdf /fhwfgLaf6 hfg tof/ clvn 6f]nLn] s'g} klg Pdfn] g]tfsf] z'esfdgf kfPg . …dxf;lrj sd/]8n] t clxn] sfd 5}g, Toxf“ uO/xg' kb}{g\, oxL+af6 jQmJo hf/L ug'{ jf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng ubf{ e}xfN5 lg eg]/ xfd|f] cleofgnfO{ jf:tf ug'{ ePg .Ú clvnsf Ps s]Gb|Lo ;b:on] eg]– …emg\ emngfy sd/]8n] t clxn] ;Ldfsf] s'/f ug]{ jftfj/0f 5}g, ef/tnfO{ lr9\ofpg' x'“b}g eGg'ef] . g]tfx¿nfO{ /fli6«otfsf] ;'l4 slxn] cfpnf eGg] nfUof] .Ú

;':tfsf] @! xhf/ x]S6/ hldg dWo] !$ xhf/ x]S6/ -@) xhf/ lj3f_ clxn] ef/tLo cltqmd0fdf k/]sf] 5 . ef/tLo ;Ldf ;'/Iff an -P;P;aL_ sf] ;xof]udf cltqmldt If]qdf ef/tLox¿n] v]tL ub}{ cfPsf] w]/} jif{ e};s]sf] 5 . @)@$÷@^ ;fndf /fhf dx]Gb|n] ljkGg e"tk"j{ ;}lgsnfO{ pQm hldg lgMz'Ns ljt/0f u/L a:tL a;fPsf] :yfgLo a[4a[4fx¿ atfp“5g\ . To;a]nf ef/tLo 8f“sfx¿ cfO{nfu] k|ltsf/ ug'{ eg]/ k|To]s e"tk"j{ ;]gfnfO{ /fOkmn / aGb's /fhf dx]Gb|n] 3/df /fVg lbPsf] pgLx¿sf] ;Demgfdf tfh} 5 .

ptf dfcf]jfbLsf] eft[;+u7g jfO{;LPn klg dfp kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo gLltlj?4 ;Ldf cltqmd0f / 8n/jfbL PghLcf]x¿ lj?4 ;+3if{df pq]sf] 5 . ef/tåf/f cltqmldt g]kfnsf ^& j6f :yfgdf ;+3if{nfO{ s]Gb|Lt ug]{ 3f]if0ff jfO{;LPnn] ul/;s]sf] 5 . p;n] ;':tfdf …dfr{ kf;Ú ub}{ ef/tsf] s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/nfO{ r'gf}tL lbPsf] k|lt :yfgLo ;':tfjf;Ln] v'n]/ k|z+;f u/]sf lyP . t/ dfcf]jfbLsf] …xfO{ sdf08Ún] clxn];Dd ;Ldf cltqmd0flj?4 cflwsfl/s lj/f]w hgfPsf] 5}g . kqsfl/tf k]zf;“u cfa4 Ps dfcf]jfbL ;+rf/sdL{n] gfd pNn]v gug]{ zt{df eg], …cWoIf k|r08n] klg 7fp“ / kl/l:ylt cg';f/ /fli6«otf / ;Ldf ;'/Iffsf] s'/f p7fpg' x'G5 . t/, kf6L{sf] cflwsfl/s jt{dfg /0fgLltdf /fli6«otfnfO{ k'5f/df /flvPsf] 5 . cem} klg htfaf6 x'G5, h;/L x'G5 / h] u/]/ x'G5 ef/tsf] ;fy lnO{/xg' k5{ eGg] pxf“sf] wf/0ff 5 .Ú

;ftbndf rr}{ ePg

sf7df8f}+ . ef/tLo ;Ldf cltqmd0fsf lj?4 g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] ef[t ;+u7g jfO{;LPnn] lj/f]w k|bz{g u/]kl5 a9\b} uO/x]sf] ;LdfIf]qsf] tgfj gfsfaGbLsf] cj:yf;Dd k'Ubf klg lxhf] a;]sf] ;ftbnsf] a}7sdf of] k|;+un] rrf{ kfPg . cltqmldt e"ld ef/tn] lkmtf{ ug'{kg]{ dfu ub}{ Ps ;ftfcl3 s~rgk'/sf] u8\8f rf}sL cf;kf;df jfO{;LPnn] u/]sf] lj/f]w k|bz{gkl5 lxhf] / c:tL ef/t kIfn] ef/tLo ;'/Iffkmf}hsf] ;+/If0fdf lj/f]w k|bz{gsf] gfddf bfbflu/L k|bz{g u¥of] .

g]kfnL e"lddf ef/tLo em08f kmx/fp“b} ;of}+sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf ef/tLox¿n] g]kfn lj/f]wL gf/f nufp“b} g]kfnL j:tLdfly 9'+ufd'9f ug]{ sfd eof] eg] ef/tLo ;'/Iffkmf}hn] g]kfnLx?dfly g} aGb's t];f{pg];Ddsf] HofbtL k|bz{g u¥of] . ;Ldf If]qdf pTkGg tgfj lx+;|s em8kdf kl/0ft x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf a9]sf sf/0f u8\8frf}sLaf6 cfjthfjtdf /f]s nufOPsf] 5 . o:tf] ;+j]bgzLn cj:yfk|lt lxhf] Pdfn] d'Vofno aNv'df a;]sf] ;ftbnsf] a}7sdf s'g} rrf{ gx'g'n] ;ftbnsf g]tfx?df /x]sf] ef/tk|ltsf] bf;tfnfO{ yk k'li6 u/]sf] 5 .

tf/] xf]6ndf ;f“9]sf] ;'s'6L

sf7df8f}+ . ;Demb} hfg' eof] eg] tkfO{nfO{ kSs} ofb cfpg] 5– lxhf]sf lbgdf /fhwfgLsf ;8s 5]s]/ ;f“9]n] 6«flkms hfd u/fp“y] . /fhwfgLsf s]Gb| dflgg] gof“ ;8s, b/af/dfu{b]lv rqmky;Dd ;8sdf ;f“9] e]l6Gy] . nlntk'/ / eQmk'/df ;d]t pu|fO/x]sf b]lv 8'qmfO{/x]sf x'Gy] . cfh uf}zfnf If]qdf ;Lldt ;+Vofdf dfq} 5g\ . sxf“ uP tL ;f“9]x¿ < d/]/ ;8s / vf]nflt/ kN6]sf] klg b]lvPsf] 5}g . lj/fdL eP/ st} yRs]sf klg 5}gg\ . o; ;DaGwdf hgwf/0ffn] ultnf] /x:o km]nf kf/]sf] 5 .

/fhwfgLsf ;8sdf 6«flkms k|x/Lsf] xf/fxf/Lsf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf ;f“9]x¿ ;'s'6L / ;'k ag]/ tf/] xf]6nsf w]/} u|fxsx¿sf] k]6leq k'u]/ klr;s]sf 5g\ . /, ;f“9]nfO{ ;'s'6L / ;'kdf abNg] of]hgfsf/ x'g\ Pe/]i6 xf]6nsf dflns dsa'n nf/L . pgL cfkm"nfO{ Pd=nf/L eg]/ dfq lrgfp5g\ .

Pe/]i6 xf]6nsf] …s's l8kf6{Ú df sfd u/]sf tfKn]h'ª lhNnfjf;L vu]Gb| a:g]tsf cg';f/ xKtfdf Pp6f ;f“9] dfl/GYof] . z+vd"n k'n d'lg nu]/ n6\ofpg] ;'O{ nufO{ ;f“9]nfO{ dfl/GYof] . …cfhef]ln jf5fx¿ dfq dfl/G5 . lsgsL ;f“9] lgv|] . kfP t nf/Ln] sxf“ 5f]8\g nufp“5 .Ú, vu]Gb|n] yk lj:tf/ ub}{ eg]– …g]jf/L ksjfg z}nLn] xfdLn] ;f“9]sf] kl/sf/ agfpg' kYof]{ . Ps jo:s / alnof] ;f“9]sf] ;f9] tLg ;o s]hL ;'s'6L, xhf/ lunf; ;'k / yk kl/sf/ ;lhn} aGy] . kf“r tf/] xf]6]n Pe/]i6df ;f“9]sf] kl/sf/sf cfkm\g} d"No 5g\ . cf7 ;o ?lkof“ Kn]6 ;'s'6L, tLg ;o !% ?lkof“ Unf; ;'k, 6fpsf], lubL, cfGb|f e'“8Lsf kl/sf/sf] 5'§} /]6 . ptf 5fnf klg ltAat lgsf;L x'GYof] . Ps s]hL ;'s'6Laf6 #)–#% Kn]6 tof/ ug{ ;lsG5 . tkfO{ g} lx;fa ug'{;\ g !)÷!% nfv t Pp6} ;f“9]af6 cfDbfgL x'G5 .Ú

Pe/]i6 Sofl;gf]sf k"j{ sd{rf/L s[i0f kf}8]nsf cg';f/ clxn] ;f“9]sf] ;'s'6L ;]nfPsf] 5 . af5fsf] …s/LÚ sf] Jofkf/ hf8f];“u} a9]sf] 5 . ;f“9] / af5f eg]/ a'9L ufO{nfO{ jw ug]{ wGbf klg gePsf] eg] xf]Og .

clxn] ufO{ kfnsx¿ af5f hlGdPkl5 p;n] dfpsf] b"w 5f]8\gf;fy uf}zfnf If]qdf NofP/ 5f]l8lbG5g\ . uf}zfnf leq} kflnPsf 8]9;o ufO{ dWo]af6 hlGdg] af5fnfO{ klg 5f8f 5fl8lbg] / af5L dfq kfNg] rng 5 . ptf nf/Ln] Ujfnfsf] e]ifdf xf]6nsf sd{rf/LnfO{ k7fP/ ufO{, uf]?, ;f“9] h] kfOG5 p7fpg k7fp“5g\ . ufO{ awaf/] s]xL ;do cl3 Pe/]i6 Sofl;gf]sL xtf{stf{ afsf ;/sf/ >]i7 / nf/LaLr rsf{rsL{ k/]sf] lyof] . >]i7n] nf/Lsf] sfd k|lt c;Gt'li6 / 3[0ff hgfpb} dfl;s 8]9 nfv ?lkof“sf] hflu/ Tofu]/ gof“ Sofl;gf] ;f+lu|nf uPsf] ;dfrf/ ;|f]tsf] egfO{ 5 .

d}n] cem} Gofo kfpg ;lsg

sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf j8f g+= % dfnLufp“ 3/ eO{ xfn dfOtLdf a:g] jif{ @& sf] d hl:dg zdf{sf] ljjfx % jif{ c;3 P]=P]= j8f g+= % a:g] ^% jif{sf] a]Gh' zdf{sf] 5f]/f jif{ #* sf] h'xf//fh kf08];“u dfuL ljjfx ePsf] xf] . ljjfx ePsf] Ps dlxgfkl5 dnfO{ 3/af6 dfgl;s oftgf lbg ;'? eof] . klt h'xf//fh kf08];“u ljjfx kZrft @)^) ;fn h]7df d]/f] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]sf] hGd eof] . o;} cfwf/df d / ev{/} hGd]sf] 5f]/fnfO{ 3/ 5f8]/ hfegL dnfO{ dfgl;s oftgf lbg]ug'{ x'GYof] . klt h'xf//fh kf08] b}lgs ¿kdf dfbs kbfy{ ;]jg u/L dnfO{ zf/Ll/s oftgf ;d]t lbb} cfpg'x'GYof] . ljjfxsf] nuQ}b]lv g} d lgj]bsnfO{ bfOhf] sd Nofof], bfOhf]df 3/ hUuf NofPg eGg] s'/f p7fO{ d]/f] ;f;' a]Gh' zdf{, cljjflxt cfdfh' jif{ $) ls h'g' kf08] / klt h'xf//fh kf08] ;d]tn] ca xfdLn] 3/ hUuf bfOhf] Nofpg] s]6L vf]hL ;Sof}+ ltdL xfd|f] 3/af6 hfp ltd|f] 5f]/f klg nu egL v'Nndv'nf ax' ljjfxsf] k|k~r $ jif{ b]lv ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ax'ljjfx af/] lghx¿dfly s8f gh/ /fVg klg Wofg cfsif{0f ub{5' .

d]/f] dfOtLtkm{sf] gft]bf/ / ljkIfLx¿sf] gft]bf/, ;fyLefOx¿ dfkm{t\ ;Demfpg] a'emfpg] 5nkmn ug]{ cflb sfdx¿ ;d]t u/]sf lyP . t/ ljkIfLx¿af6 ljkIfLx¿sf] gft]bf/, ;fyLefOx¿af6 d dfly zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s oftgf lbg] sfd sfod} /lx/x]sf] lyof] . ldlt )^#÷!@÷!) df ;f;' / cfdfh'n] d}n] PdaLP;sf] k/LIff - )^#÷!@÷!^ sf] k/LIff_ lbg gkfpg] / k9\g gx'g] gq a]n'sL >Ldfg cfPkl5 tLg} hgf ldn]/ s'6lk6 ug]{ wDsL ljxfg lbg' ePsf] lyof] / a]n'sL >Ldfg 3/ cfPkl5 tLg}hgf ljkIfL ldnL s'6lk6 u/L clt g} oftgf lbO{ 3/af6 lgsfNg] if8\oGq ePsf] / d 3/af6 glg:s]df Hofg} dfg]{ wDsL ;d]t lbPsf] x'“bf k|x/Ldf ph'/L u/L d afWo eO{ 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]nfO{ 3/df g} 5f]8L dfOtL cfO{ a;]+ . @)^$ ;fn a}vfv # ut] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]nfO{ k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LHo"sf] cfb]zaf6 sdnkf]v/L k|x/L dfkm{t a'lemkfP“ . ljkIfLx¿n] dnfO{ PSnf] kf/L 3/]n' lx+;fsf] k/fsfi7f;Dd lx+;f u/]sf] x'“bf dlxnfn] cfTd;Ddfg / zflGtk"j{s af“Rg kfpg] d]/f] hLjgsf] clwsf/af6 g} alGrt eO/x]sf] 5' . h'xf//fh kf08]nfO{ sdnkf]v/L k|x/Ldf / xg'dfg9f]sfdf u/L $ lbg;Dd y'g]kl5 !),))) w/f}6Ldf 5f8]sf] 5 eg] h'g' kf08] / a]Gh' zdf{nfO{ k|x/Ln] ;dfTb} g;dflt #÷# xhf/ w/f}6Ldf 5f8]sf] 5 . xfn xfd|f] s]z k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/LHo"sf] sfof{nodf rln/x]sf] 5 . d oxf“sf] Wofg cfsif{0f ug{ rfxG5' ls xfd|f] -d / d]/f] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]sf]_ s]z clxn] lhNnf cbfntdf dfgfrfdnsf] nflu rln/x]sf] 5 . lhNnf cbfntn] a]Gh' zdf{, h'xf//fh kf08] / h'g' kf08]nfO{ c+za08fsf] k|ltlnlksf] ;fy} pgLx¿sf] cfly{s x}l;otsf], cfdbfgL ;|f]tsf] k|ltlnkL k]; ug{ cfb]z lbOPsf] 5 . o; cfb]z kZrft dfgfrfdn geg]{ dg;fon] dfgfrfdnsf] d'2fg} vfl/h ug]{ lgj]bg ;f]xL lhNnf cbfntdf k]z u/L cGo c? sf]zLzdf a]Gh' zdf{ / h'xf//fh kf08]n] aRrf lkmtf{nUg kxn ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . d}n] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]nfO{ sdnkf]v/L k'ln;yfgf dfkm{t a'em\bf h'xf//fh kf08]nfO{ e]6 u/fpg] ;t{df a'em]sL x'“, aRrf jfk; ug]{ ;t{df xf]Og, / aRrfnfO{ s]xL lbg ljkIfLsf] 3/df k7fpg] ;t{df xf]Og . d d]/f] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]nfO{ ljkIfL h'xf//fh kf08];“u e]6 u/fpg d]/f] dfOtLsf] 5]pdf /x]sf] k|x/L sfof{no ;f]x|v'§]df e]6u/fpg tof/ /x]sf] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]nfO{ a'lemlnPs} a]nfb]lv eGb} cfPsf] / ldlt @)^$ ;fn efb| !@ ut]sf lbg sdnkf]v/L k|x/Ldf 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]nfO{ h'xf//fh kf08];“u e]63f6 u/fPsf] o; kqdfkm{t oxf“nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpb} 5' . d]/f] Hofgdfly vt/fsf] a]nf d}n] km]g]{ n'uf;Dd glnO{ cfPsf]n] ljjfxdf b'a}lt/af6 k|fKt ;Dk"0f{ u/uxgf, n'uf tyf ;fdfgsf] ;fydf d]/f] ljjfxaf6 k|fKt u/–uxgf, n'uf, h'Qf, tyf cGo bfOhf]sf] ;fdfgsf] ;fy} d]/f] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]sf] ;Dk"0f{ n'uf, h'Qf, uxgf / v]nf}gf lkmtf{ lbnfO{ kfpg gd| lgj]bg ub{5' . cGTodf d / d]/f] ljkIfLnfO{ ;fy}df /fvL 5nkmn u/L d cGofodf k/]sL dlxnf / d]/f] $ jif{sf] 5f]/f ho/fh kf08]nfO{ dfgjclwsf/, afnclwsf/ / zfGt;“u af“Rg kfpg] clwsf/ lbP/ Gofo ul/lbg'x'gsf] nflu oxf“ ;dIf clkn ub{5' .

–hl:dg zdf{

:j=jL/]Gb|sf] ;Demgf

sf7df8f}+ . kf}if !$ ut] :juL{o >L % jL/]Gb|sf] hGd hoGtL gful/sx¿n] :jt:km'{t¿kdf dgfP . pkTosfsf ;of}+ gful/sx¿n] nlntk'/sf] hfjnfv]ndf e]nf eO{ :juL{o >L % jL/]Gb|sf] zflnsdf dfNofk0f{ u/]sf lyP . To; cj;/df /fw]Zofd yfkfsf] cWoIftfdf ul7t gful/s d"n ;df/f]x ;ldltn] hfjnfv]nl:yt :juL{o >L % jL/]Gb|sf] zflnsdf k'iku'R5f tyf dfNofk{0f u/]sf] lyof] . ;dfhsf ljleGg VoftLk|fKt JolQmx¿nufot ;f] sfo{qmddf k"j{ k|wfgdGqL nf]s]Gb|axfb'/ rGb, 8f= :jfdL k|kGgfrfo{, >LdtL b'uf{ kf]v/]n, k"j{ ;xfosdGqL hut uf}rgsf] klg pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] .

Pdfn] sfo{stf{ sf+u|]; k|j]z

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnL sf+u|];n] Ps lj1lKt k|sflzt u/L :ofªhf lhNnf /fkfsf]6 uflj;sf Pdfn]sf k"j{ ;lrj s]bf/k|;fb nD;fnsf] g]t[Tjdf ;f] kf6L{sf !@ hgf sfo{stf{ kf6L{ kl/Tofu u/L ljgf;t{ g]kfnL sf+u|];df k|j]z u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]Gb|Lo ;:bo Pj+ sfg'g, Gofo tyf ;+;bLo Joj:yf /fHodGqL OGb|axfb'/ u'?ªn] Pdfn] kf6L{ Tofu ug]{x¿nfO{ g]kfnL sf+u|];sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:otf k|bfg ug'{ePsf] lyof] .

l;+x ef/tsf /fhb"t

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/n] ef/tsf nflu g]kfnsf /fhb"tdf b'u]{zdfg l;+xnfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . o;cl3 ef/tsf nflu k|:tfljt /fhb"t z}nhf cfrfo{ c:j:y ePkl5 ;/sf/n] l;+xnfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . ut cfOtaf/ a;]sf] dGqLkl/ifb\sf] a}7sn] l;+xnfO{ /fhb"tdf lgo'Qm ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . l;+x g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;j{dfGo g]tf :juL{o u0f]zdfg l;+xsf elthf x'g\ . ef/tsf nflu /fhb"tdf rog ePsL g]sf g]t[ z}n]hf cfrfo{ c:j:y ePkl5 l;+xnfO{ lgo'Qm ul/Psf] 5 .

dfgjclwsf/af/] cGtlqm{of

sn}of . /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]uåf/f sn}ofdf jt{dfg cj:yfdf dfgjclwsf/sf] l:ylt ljifodf cGt/lqm{of sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf ul/of] . sfo{qmddf cfof]usf ;b:o 8f= s]jL /f]sfofn] xTof, lx+;f, ckx/0f, oftgf, dfgjclwsf/ pNn+3g, HofbtL tyf cGo kmf}hbf/L ck/fwdf ;+nUg JolQmnfO{ sfg'gL bfo/fdf NofO{ k|efjsf/L zflGt;'/Iff / ;'Aoj:yf sfod ug{ cfof]un] g]kfn ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfj lbO;s]sf] hgfpg' eof] .

cfof]usf ;b:o 8f=/f]sfofsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf ;'zLn g]kfn, g]skf dfn]sf j;Gt g]kfn, ;+o'Qm jfddf]rf{sf uf}/Lz+s/ uf]8, dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/dsf ;lxb xjf8L, ;lrj xslxt ;+/If0f d~rsf Olnof; cG;f/L, dlxnf bjfj ;d"xsL zLnf ;fx, u|fdL0f ljsf; s]Gb|sf b]j]Gb| lu/L, a'l4hLjL kmf]/dsf pd]znfn bf;, kqsf/ nIdL ;/f{km, lxd/fO6\;sf nfnafa' s'zjfx, OG;]ssf /f]zg cjfn] / ;xfos k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L r'“8fdl0f a:ofnn] lhNnfdf dfgj clwsf/sf] rrf{ ub}{ dfgjclwsf/sf] cj:yf lhNnfdf bogLo ePsf] hgfpg' eof] .

cfuf] lgefp“b} emu8f ub}{

;'v]{t . ut laxLaf/ lklk/fsf ltns uf}tdsf] k/fndf nfu]sf] cfuf] lgefpg vl6Psf lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;'v]{tsf l8P;kL axfb'/h+u dNn / ;O{ bLk]Gb| vqLn] :yfgLojfl;GbfnfO{ d/0ff;Gg x'g] u/L s'6lk6 u/]sf] ;|f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 . k/fndf nfu]sf] cfuf] lgefO/x]sf :yfgLojfl;GbfnfO{ dlb/f ;]jg u/]sf tL b'O{ ;'/IffsdL{n] s'6lk6 u/]sf] k|ToIfbzL{x¿n] hgfPsf 5g\ . cfuf] lgefpg vl6Psf # bh{g ;'/IffsdL{ uf8Laf6 cf]n]{kl5 cfuf] lgefpgtkm{ uP l8P;kL dNn / ;O{ vqL :yfgLojfl;Gbf;“u lgx'“ vf]Hb} emu8f ug{ yfn] . :yfgLojf;L odnfn eG8f/Ln] cfkm"nfO{ ;O{ bLk]Gb| vqLn] d/0ff;Gg x'g]u/L lk6]sf] hgfPsf 5g\ . ;O{ vqL / lk6fO vfg]x¿aLr egfeg x'“bf 8LP;kL dNn klg 36gf :yn k'u]sf lyP . t/ l8P;kL dNnn] ;O{ vqLnfO{ ;Demfpg'sf] ;f6f] pN6} :yfgLojfl;Gbfdfly hfO{ nfu] . emu8fn] pu|¿k lnPkl5 lhk|sf k|x/L k|d'v P;kL /fds'df/ vgfn 36gf:yn k'lu ;j{;fwf/0f;“u dfkmL dfu]sf lyP .

xltof/ ;lxt kqmfp

kf]v/f . u08sL c+rn k|x/L sfof{no nfu" cf}ifwL lgoGq0f sfof{Gjog OsfO{n] nfu" cf}ifwLsf] sf/f]af/df ;+nUg JolQmx¿nfO{ ut z'qmaf/ k[YjLrf]sl:yt xl/s[i0f xf]6]naf6 xltof/;lxt kqmfp u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . kqmfp kg]{df kf]v/f pkdxfgu/kflnsf !* sfhLkf]v/Ll:yt kj{t s'3f{sf v]d u'?ª, kj{t afR5f 3/ eO{ kf]v/f sfhLkf]v/Ldf a:g] afns[i0f u'?ª, jL/sfhL u'?ª, cg'h u'?ª / ltAatLog z/0ffyL{ lzlj/df a:g] l5l/ª z]kf{ /x]sf 5g\ . tL cleo'Qmx¿af6 ( PdPdsf] a|fplgª k]:tf]n, b'O{ /fp08 uf]nL / DofUhLg a/fdb ul/Psf] ;'/Iff ;|f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 .

r}tdf r'gfj x'g}k5{ M g]kfn

jL/u+h . g]skf -Pdfn]_ sf dxf;lrj dfwjs'df/ g]kfnn] cfufdL r}t )^$ ;fndf ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg ug'{kg]{ hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . g]kfn d'l:nd OQ]xfb ;+u7gsf] gf/fo0fL c~rnsf] e]nfnfO{ ut zlgaf/ ;Daf]wg ubf{ dxf;lrj g]kfnn] ;f] s'/f hgfpg' ePsf] xf] . sfo{qmddf dxf;lrj g]kfnn] h]7 / d+l;/sf] h:tf] r'gfj ;f/]/ bnx¿n] uNtL bf]xf]¥ofpg' gx'g] ts{ cufl8 ;fg'{ePsf] lyof] .

Hjfnfl;+xsf sfo{stf{ kqmfp

/fhlj/fh . hgtflGqs t/fO{ d'lQmdf]rf{ -Hjfnfl;+x_ sf ;Kt/L Pl/of OGrfh{ u'0ffgGb rf}w/LnfO{ ;z:q k|x/L bGtsfnL a/demLof / hgkb k|x/Lsf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nLn] ;Kt/Lsf] hG8f]naf6 xltof/ ;lxt kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . rf}w/L df]rf{sf] ;Kt/L Ps gDa/ OGrfh{ ePsf] bGtsfnL u0f a/demLofsf u0fklt k|Nxfb s];Ln] hgfPsf 5g\ .

@)!) leq uf]vf{Nof08 /fHo :yfkgf x'g]

bfhL{lnª . uf]vf{ hgd'lQm df]rf{ -uf]hd'df]_ nufot cfwf bh{g ljkIfL kf6L{n] hgj/L bf];|f] ;ftfb]lv …uf]vf{Nof08Ú cfGbf]ngsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . df]rf{n] g]kfnL efifLn] ef/t klZrd a+ufnaf6 cnlUuP/ gof“ /fHodf a:g kfpg'kg]{ d'Vo dfu k'/f u/fpg' cfGbf]ngsf] p2]Zo /x]sf] v'nf;f u/]sf] 5 . df]rf{n] ^ hga/Ldf n]af]ªl:yt uf]vf{ :6]l8oddf a[xt\ hg;efdfkm{t uf]vf{Nof08 cfGbf]gnsf] gof“ sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ug]{ ePsf] 5 . @)!) ;fnleq uf]vf{Nof08 /fHo :yfkgf ul/5f]8\g] 3f]if0ff df]rf{sf cWoIf ljdn u'?ªn] u/]sf 5g\ .

s'6lk6 ug]{ ;'/IffsdL{ sf/afxLdf

ef]hk'/ . :yfgLo JolQmnfO{ s'6lk6 ug]{ kfG3f/] k|x/L rf}sLsf k|x/LnfO{ sf/afxLsf nflu ;b/d'sfd lemsfOPsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . rf}sLdf af]nfP/ s'6lk6 u/]sf] cf/f]kdf pgnfO{ ;b/d'sfd lemsfOPsf] ;|f]tn] hgfPsf] 5 . !) d+l;/df >LdtL;“u w/fo;L emu8f ePsf] / >LdtLsf] ph'/Lsf cfwf/df kfG3f/] k|x/L rf}sLdf af]nfO{ #÷$ hgf k|x/Ln] s'6lk6 u/]sf] hgfp“b} n]vs{ uflj; ;]Nd]sf uj{wg /fO{n] lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{nodf ph'/L lbPsf lyP .

;8s agfp“b} elTsb}

l;Gw'kfNrf]s . P;LofnL ljsf; a}+ssf] ;xof]udf utjif{ @) s/f]8sf] nfutdf lgdf{0f ePsf] @^ lsnf]ld6/ aGb]p rf}tf/f ;8sv08 clxn] hL0f{ cj:yfdf k'u]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . 7]s]bf/x¿n] u'0f:t/ k"/f gu/L ;8s sfnf]kq] u/]sfn] ;8s hL0f{ ag]sf] :yfgLojfl;Gbfx¿n] hgfPsf 5g\ . :yfgLojf;Lx¿sf] bjfjdf lgdf{0f ;DkGg ePsf] $% jif{kl5 ;8s sfnf]kq] ul/Psf] lyof] .

pQm ;8s sfnf]kq] ug{ ;'k/ z]kf{ sG:6«S;g, kLP; ah|u'? sG6«S;g ;lxt # j6f lgdf{0f sDkgLn] rf/ v08df 7]Ssf kfPsf lyP . sfnf]kq] ug]{ sfo{ g;lsb} ;8s plKsg yfn]sf sf/0f hgbjfj a9\g yfn]kl5 ut c;f/df ;fj{hlgs n]vf ;ldltsf] a]?h' pk;ldltsf] Ps 6f]nLn] pQm ;8s lg/LIf0f u/]sf] lyof] .

;f+s]lts ljwfos ag]/ l;+xb/af/df

slknj:t' . b'O{ bh{g hghfltn] ljwfos ag]/ l;+xb/af/ k:g kfPsf]df v';L k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ . kxf8L d"nsf % / t/fO{d"nsf !* u/L @# hgf blnt hfltsf ljwfosx¿n] sAhf hdfPsf] l;+x/baf/ slknj:t'df lgdf{0f ul/Psf] ;f+s]lts l;+xb/af/ xf] . l;+xb/af/sf] u]6 tf]8]/ gf/fafhLsf ;fy k|j]z ug'{cl3 ! xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf blnt ;d'bfon] t'n, Aofg/, Kn]sf8{, afhfufhf ;lxt ahf/ kl/qmdf u/]sf lyP .

dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{dfly uf]nL k|xf/

l;/fxf . hgtflGqs t/fO{ d'lQmdf]rf{n] dfcf]jfbL sfo{stf{nfO{ uf]nL xfgL ;Vt 3fOt] agfPsf] 5 . ;f+u7lgs sfdsf] l;nl;nfdf l;/xfsf] l;sf]g k'u]sf %) jifL{o /fd ljnf; ofbj kf6L{sf Pl/of :t/sf sfo{stf{ x'g\ . pgsf] 3f“6Ldf b'O{ uf]nL nfu]sf] / xfn w/fgsf] jLkL sf]O/fnf d]df]l/on c:ktfndf pkrf/ eO/x]sf] 5 . xTof/fx¿n] lbgbxf8} cfkm\gf sfo{stf{dfly dfg]{ p2]Zon] cfqmd0f ubf{ klg k|x/L df}g /x]sf] / ck/fwLx¿sf] vf]hL gu/]sf]df dfcf]jfbLsf l;/xf OGrfh{ lblnkn] cfqmf]z JoQm /]sf 5g\ .

ljb]z hfg lx“8]sf !) hgf kqmfp

g]kfnu+h . dfcf]jfbL lgs6 /x]sf] clvn g]kfn oftfoft dhb'/ ;+3n] ljb]z hfg nfu]sf bnfn ;lxt !) hgfnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . tL !) hgf dWo] bnfn uf]df 3tL{, ;xof]uL v]d/fh sfsL{ / -cfz+lst_ tf/f of]uLnfO{ lgoGq0fdf /fvL c? & hgfnfO{ p2f/ u/]sf] ;+3n] hgfPsf] 5 . jfO{;LPn sfof{no g]kfnu+hdf ut zlgaf/ Ps sfo{qmdsf] cfof]hgf u/L dfcf]jfbL lgs6 clvn g]kfn 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3n] bnfn tyf km;fOPsfnfO{ k|x/L tyf dfOtL g]kfnsf] lhDdf nufPsf] 5 .

d]nDrL cfof]hgfnfO{ ax'p2]ZoLo agfOg]

sf7df8f}+ . d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfnfO{ ax'p2]ZoLo cfof]hgfsf ¿kdf ljsf; ug'{kg]{ k|:tfj Ps cWoog 6f]nLn] ;f/]sf] 5 . gj]{sf On]lS6«sn OlGhlgo/ c8 xf]d8f]dsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] 6f]nLn] cWoog u/L pQm k|:tfj NofPsf] xf] . 6f]nLn] cfkm\gf] cWoogdf d]nDrL of]hgfsf] clxn]sf] nfut #^ ca{ ?lkof“df s]xL /sd yk u/L To;nfO{ ax'p2]ZoLo agfpg ;lsg] hgfPsf] 5 . cWoogn] @)^& ;fn;Dddf /fhwfgLdf vfg]kfgLsf] dfu b}lgs #! s/f]8 ln6/ x'g] bfjL klg u/]sf] 5 . clxn] pkTosfdf b}lgs @# s/f]8 ln6/ kfgLsf] dfu eO/x]sf] klg cWoogn] cfkm\gf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . d]nDrL cfof]hgf lgdf{0f ePdf pkTosfdf b}lgs !& s/f]8 ln6/ kfgL cfk"lt{ x'g;Sg] ePsf] ;|f]tn] :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 .

pQm cfof]hgfnfO{ ax'p2]ZoLo agfpg d]nDrL cfof]hgf :yndf ofª\u|L, nf]s]{ / an]kmL vf]nfsf] kfgL ;'?ªdfu{af6 ld;fpg' kg]{ 7x/ lj1x¿n] u/]sf 5g\ . oL tLgj6f vf]nfsf] kfgL d]nDrLdf ufe]kZrft cfof]hgf :ynsf] glhs}af6 #% d]ufjf6 ljB't pTkfbg ug{ ;lsg] cWoogn] b]vfPsf] 5 . @^ lsdL ;'?ªdfu{af6 Toxf“sf] kfgL sf7df8f}+sf] ;'Gb/Lhndf v;flng] 5 . a9L ePsf] c? kfgLaf6 rf]ef/eGbf gf} ;o ld6/ tn Ps;o $) d]ufjf6sf] dlyNnf] afudtL / Toxf“af6 cf7 lsdL tn %) d]ufjf6sf] tNnf] afudtL ljB't ;+rfng ug{ ;lsg] 5 . To;kl5 ar]sf] kfgLnfO{ afudtL l;+rfO{ cfof]hgfdf ld;fP/ t/fO{sf hUufx¿df l;+rfO{ ug{ ;lsg] cWoogn] bfjL u/]sf] 5 . ;+;b\sf] k|fs[lts ;|f]t;fwg ;ldltsf] ut laxLaf/ ;DkGg a}7sdf rf6{8{ PsfpG6]G6 /Tg;fu/ >]i7n] pQm k|:tfj /fVg' ePsf] xf] .

! xhf/sf gf]6df dfgGw/sf] x:tfIf/ x'g]

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] /fi6« a}+ssf sfod'sfod ueg{/ s[i0faxfb'/ dfgGw/nfO{ gf]6df x:tfIf/ ug{ cg'dlt k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . dGqL kl/ifb\sf] ut cfOtaf/ ;DkGg a}7sn] pQm lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] . ;/sf/n] dfgGw/nfO{ ! xhf/ b/sf gf]6df x:tfIf/ ug]{ :jLs[lt lbPsf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] pQm lg0f{o;“u} dfgGw/ gf]6df x:tfIf/ ug]{ klxnf] sfd' ueg{/ aGg' ePsf] 5 .

ptf lgnlDat ueg{/ ljhogfy e§/fO{ lj?4sf] e|i6frf/ d'2fsf] k]zL kf}if @( ut]nfO{ ;/]sf] 5 . e§/fO{n] e|i6rf/ ubf{ gSsnL JolQm v8f u/L ;Demf}tf u/]sfn] ljz]if cbfntnfO{ k|df0fsf] cflwsfl/stf a'‰g ;do nfUg] ePsf] 5 . bf]>f] kqsf] hjfkm klg g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] glbPkl5 ;f] k|df0f a'‰g >Ln+sg b"tfjf; jf l;w} s]kL PdhLnfO{ ljz]if cbfntn] kqfrf/ ug'{kg]{ ePsf] 5 .

t/fO{–dw]; kf6L{sf] sfo{;ldlt

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts Oltxf;df bf];|f] k6s t/fO{ dw];sf gfddf If]qLo kf6L{ u7g ePsf] 5 . klxnf] j]bfgGb emfsf] g]t[Tjdf t/fO{ sf+u|]; kf6L{ u7g ePsf] lyof] . Tof] klxnf] / Ps dfq If]qLo kf6L{ lyof] . clxn] km]l/ csf]{ If]qLo kf6L{ u7g ePsf] 5 . dxGy 7fs'/sf] cWoIftfdf s]xL ;docl3 dGqL, ;f+;b kb tyf ljleGg kf6L{af6 /fhLgfdf lbP/ t/fO{ cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;dy{g ug]{x¿ ;a}n] ldn]/ t/fO{ dw]; nf]stflGqs kf6L{ u7g u/]sf x'g\ . pQm kf6L{sf cWoIf dxGy 7fs'/sf] cWoIftfdf ul7t sfo{;ldltsf ;b:ox¿df x[bo]z lqkf7L, dx]Gb|k|;fb ofbj, /fdrGb| /fo, ;j]{Gb|gfy z'Sn, clg; cG;f/L, /fdrGb| s'zjfx, j[z]ifrGb| nfn, >Ls[i0f ofbj, uf]ljGb rf}w/L, /fds'df/ zdf{, hLt]Gb| ljZjgfy zfx, a[hs'df/ l;+x, ;TojtL s'dL{ / lblnk l;+x /x]sf 5g\ . gj ul7t kf6L{n] kf}if @* ut]b]lv t/fO{sf ljleGg lhNnfdf hghfu/0f cleofg ;+rfng ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

Go"of]s{df hg;Ds{ ;ldlt

sf7df8f}+ . hg;Dks{ ;ldlt cd]l/sfsf] Go"of]s{ RofK6/n] cfk\mgf] sfof{no :yfkgf u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL hg;Dks{ ;ldlt cd]l/sfsf ;+:yfks ;+of]hs Pj+ sfg'gljb\ vu]Gb| lh;Ln] ;f] sfof{nosf] pb\3f6g ug'{eof] . sfo{qmddf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf j+znfn tfdfª, gfdnfn >]i7, ld+df/ z]kf{, d'gLGb| g]Djfª, dfof e§/fO{, sfhL z]kf{, gd{bf If]qL, /fdafa' 9sfn, cnfGOG;sf k"j{ ;efklt ;+ho k/fh'nLn] Go'of]s{df sfof{no v'n]kl5 x'g] kmfObf tyf cfufdL sfo{qmdaf/] dgtJo JoQm u/] . sfof{no :yfkgf ug{ ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] t]Djfg'? z]kf{ / r'naxfb'/ tfdfªnfO{ clegGbg ub}{ Go"of]s{ RofK6/sf cWoIf ;f]dgfy l3ld/], dxf;lrj ljho y'n'ª, dlxnf g]t[ k|ldnf l;jfsf]6L, nIdL l3ld/] / od'gf cfrfo{ nufotn] dgtJo JoQm u/]sf lyP . ;f] cj;/df sfof{no ;+rfngsf nflu ;xof]u /sd ;+sng ul/Psf] lyof] . sfof{no ;+rfngsf nflu cfjZos ef}lts ;fdu|L ;f]n'v'Da" 6flK6ªsf kLhL z]kf{ / ufdf{ uflj;sf l5l/ª z]kf{n] pknAw u/fPsf lyP .

5fofb]jLsf] t:jL/ x'nfs l6s6df

sf7df8f}+ . hgcfGbf]ngdf cu|k+lQmdf /x]sL :j= 5fofb]jL k/fh'nLsf] t:jL/ g]kfn/ ;/sf/n] x'nfs l6s6df c+lst u/]sf] 5 . :ju{L{o 5fofb]jLsf] t:jL/ /x]sf] x'nfs l6s6 x'nfs ;]jf ljefun] ut cfOtaf/b]lv ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] 5 . ;g\ @))& sf] lkmnf6]lns sfo{qmd cGtu{t pQm ;+:d/0ffTds x'nfs l6s6 k|rngdf NofPsf] x'nfs ;]jf ljefun] hgfPsf] 5 . 5fofb]jLsf] t:jL/ c+lst x'nfs l6s6df ut cfOtaf/ sf7df8f}+df ;DkGg sfo{qmddf pk;efd'v lrqn]vf ofbjn] k|sfzgsf] 6f“rf nufpg' ePsf] lyof] .

/fdrGb|, k|r08 / jfdb]jjsf] ;+o'Qm 8fG;

sf7df8f}+ . u'?ª ;d'bfox¿sf] gof“ jif{ Nxf];f/ kj{ ut cfOtaf/ /fhwfgLdf ljleGg emf“sL tyf ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd u/L dgfOof] . ;f] sfo{qmddf g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08, zflGt tyf k'g lgdf{0f dGqL /fdrGb| kf}8]n / g]skf Pdfn] ls;fg ;+3sf cWoIf jfdb]j uf}td klg d+rdf 5d5du/L gfRg' ePsf] lyof] .

;f] sfo{qmdsf cj;/df u'?ª ;d'bfoaf6 ljleGg If]qdf pNn]vgLo of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] ljwfos b]j u'?ª, vu]Gb|h+u u'?ª, eLdnfn u'?ª, bf]nvaxfb'/ u'?ª, k|x/Lcltl/Qm dxflg/LIfs x]daxfb'/ u'?ª, k|fWofks lrqs'df/ u'?ª, efiffljb\ l8NnLh+u u'?ª, ko{6gJoj;foL /fdsfhL sf]g] u'?ª, ;u/dfyf 6]lnlehgsf ;+:yfks cWoIf lgd{n u'?ª, 8f= bLk]Gb| u'?ª, 8f= 6+s/fh u'?ª, x]lnsf]K6/ rflnsf ;l/gf u'?ª, afnsnfsf/ clgiff u'?ª / jl/i7 ;+uLtsf/ cDa/ u'?ª ;Ddflgt x'g'ePsf] 5 .

jfO{;LPnn] b'Jo{;gL ;'wfg]{

sf7df8f}+ . jfO{;LPn g]jfM /fHo ;ldltn] nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]af/ lgoGq0f ug]{ tyf b'Jo{;gaf6 k|efljt o'jfx¿nfO{ ;'wfg]{ p2]Zosf ;fy cf}krfl/s ¿kdf …gj hLjgu[xÚ ;+rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . cf}krfl/s tYof+s cg';f/ pkTosfdf $^ xhf/ nfu" cf}ifw b'Jo{;gLx¿ /x]sf 5g\ . hgkIfLo ;]jfnfO{ cfkm\gf] k|d'v sfo{lbzf hgfp“b} cfO/x]sf] jfO{;LPnn] nfu" kbfy{ b'Jo{;g/lxt sf7df8f}+ pkTosf lgdf{0f cleofg cGtu{t pQm u[x ;+rfngdf NofPsf] xf] .

o;cl3 ;Ltf/fd k|;fO{nufot cGo e|i6frf/L / t:s/x¿nfO{ ;fj{hlgs ug]{, /fhwfgLsf] 6«flkms Joj:yfkg ;xh agfpg] af6f] rf}8f ug]{, cj}w /QmrGbgsf t:s/x¿nfO{ /+u]xft kqmfp ug]{, /fhwfgLsf] kmf]xf]/ d}nf Joj:yfkg ug]{ nufot ;of}+ hg;]jfsf sfo{u/L k|l;4L sdfPsf] jfO{;LPnn] cfufdL lbgdf To;}u/L cl3 a9\g] p2]Zo lnPsf] 5 .

dw];L sf+u|]; ;f+;b c;Gt'i6

sf7df8f}+ . dw];af6 ;f+;bdf r'lgPsf g]kfnL sf+u|];sf s]xL ;f+;bx¿n] dw]; / dw];L ;d'bfosf] ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu ;'emfj lbg kf6L{åf/f ul7t sfo{bnsf] k|ltj]bg ck'/f] ePsf] 7x/ u/]sf 5g\ . g]sf ;f+;bx¿ ljhos'df/ uR5]bf/, ljdn]Gb| lglw / dx]z cfrfo{ ;lDdlnt sfo{bnn] pQm k|ltj]bg tof/ u/]sf] xf] .

ut zlgaf/ k|d lgjf; afn'jf6f/df ;DkGg a}7sdf ;f+;bx¿n] yk u[x sfo{ u/L 7f]; gLlt th'{df ug'{kg]{ hgfPsf 5g\ . t/fO{sf lhNnfaf6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ;f+;bx¿n] dw];sf lhNnf / s]Gb|sf] ;]gf, k|x/L, k|zf;g /fh:j, lzIff / :jf:Yo If]qdf dw];L ;d'bfosf] k|ltlglwTj x'g'kg]{ hgfPsf 5g\ .

alx/f ;+3sf] /fli6«o e]nf ;DkGg

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] ljleGg sf/0fn] ubf{ cfkm" ;/sf/af6 s]xL dlxgf cl3 x6]klg gof“ o'unfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ k'gM ;/sf/df ;dflxt ePsf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . /fhwfgLdf ut zlgaf/ ;DkGg alx/;+3sf] k|yd /fli6«o e]nf sfo{qmddf cWoIf k|r08n] pQm s'/f hgfpg' ePsf] xf] . sfo{qmddf cWoIf k|r08n] /fhtGq slxn] klg Ao"“ltg g;Sg] bfjL ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] gof“ o'unfO{ ;+:yfut ug{ ;/sf/df kms{g] lg0f{o u/]sf] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .

%) JolQm jfO{;LPnsf] sAhfdf

sf7df8f}+ . jfO{;LPnn] nfu" cf}ifwsf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ lu/f]xnfO{ ut ;ftf kqmfp u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . r/]; uf“hf nufot ljleGg nfu" cf}ifwL sf/f]af/ ug]{ %) hgfnfO{ kqmfp ul/Psf] jfO{;LPn pkTosf OGrfh{ rGb|axfb'/ yfkf -;fu/_ n] hgfPsf 5g\ . jfO{;LPnåf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf !) nfv d"Noa/fa/sf] nfu" cf}ifwL a/fdb ul/Psf] pNn]v 5 .

kqsf/x¿nfO{ lkt[zf]s

sf7df8f}+ . kqsf/x¿ df]xg d}gfnL, /3' d}gfnL, ;'zLn d}gfnL / hfg'sf d}gfnLnfO{ lkt[zf]s k/]sf] 5 . pxf“x¿sf lktf /fdk|;fb d}gfnLsf] ;f]daf/ ljxfg lgwg ePsf] xf] . pRr /Qmrfk / dw'd]xaf6 kLl8t d}gfnL *$ jif{sf x'g'x'GYof] . pxf“sf] bfx;+:sf/ ;f]daf/ g} ul/of] . :juL{o d}gfnLsf kf“r 5f]/f / kf“r 5f]/L 5g\ .

åGbkl5 ul/Psf ;dfof]hgsf s]xL pbfx/0f

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf n8fs' 5fkfdf/sf] ;+Vof nueu @) xhf/ /x]sf] kl5Nnf] k|dfl0fs/0fn] k'li6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . oL 5fkfdf/x¿nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfdf ;dfof]hg ug]{af/] rrf{ kl/rrf{ e}/x]sf a]nf cGo d'n'sx¿df åGbkl5 ul/Psf ;}Go ;dfof]hgsf] l:yltaf/] hfgsf/L x'g' h?/L 5 . o:t} To:tf s]xL b]zx¿sf] ;dfof]hgsf] l:yltaf/] oxf“ s]xL pbfx/0f k|:t't ul/Psf] 5M–

-!_ a'?08L

-s_ ;fdflhs ;dfof]hgM o; sfo{qmd cGtu{t -tTsfn vr{sf] nflu k|fKt /sd_ kfPsf k"j{ n8fs"x¿ cfkm\gf] O{R5f cg';f/ ;dfhdf lkmtf{ ePsf] . hxf“ k"j{ n8fs"x¿n] ;dfhsf ljleGg JolQm, ;+3 ;+:yfx¿;“u ;+o'Qm¿kdf ldnL ;fdflhs sfo{x¿ -;8s, :s"n, rr{sf] dd{t O{TofbL_ u/]sf] . o:tf sfo{qmdx¿ u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / ;fd'bfoLs ;+u7gx¿sf] cfof]hgfdf ;+rfng ePsf] .

-v_ cfly{s ;xof]u M o; lsl;dsf] ;xof]un] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ af“sL hLjgsf] nflu cfkm\gf] O{R5f cg';f/sf] k]zf c+ufNg d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 . ;/sf/ / ljleGg bft[ ;+:yfx¿af6 k|fKt cfly{s ;xof]uaf6 k"j{ n8fs"x¿n] lgDg cg';f/sf] k]zf c+ufNg] df}sf kfPsf 5g\ M–

-!_ ;d'bfodf cfwfl/t ;xof]uM– ;d'bfodf ;+rfng ug{ ;lsg] cfly{s lqmofsnfkx¿ . h:t}, ;d'bfosf JolQmx¿af6 ;+rfng x'g] n3' pBf]u .

-@_ tflnd / /f]huf/M– ljleGg u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿n] ;+rfng u/]sf] tflndaf6 k|fKt ;Lksf] k|of]uaf6 k"j{ n8fs"x¿n] /f]huf/sf] cj;/ k|fKt u/]sf] .

-#_ pBf]u Joj;fosf] ;+rfngM– pBf]u÷Joj;fosf] k[i7e"ld ePsf k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ tflnd ;lxt s]xL /sd lbO{ Joj;fo vf]Ng k|]l/t u/]sf] .

-$_ /f]huf/sf] cj;/M– /f]huf/ pknAw u/fpg] Joj;fo tyf ;+3;+:yfx¿;“u ;dGjo / ;Dks{ sfod u/L k|fyldstfsf] cfwf/df k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ /f]huf/ pknAw u/fpg] sfo{ ePsf] . o;/L /f]huf/ kfpg] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ cfjZos tflnd ;d]t lbOPsf] lyof] .

-%_ ;g\ @))^ sf] cS6f]a/;Dddf %$!@ k"j{ n8fs"x¿ ;dfof]hg ePsf lyP .

-u_ afn;}Go / c;xfo k"j{ n8fs"x?sf] nflu ;xof]uM– afn ;}Gox¿nfO{ afn ;}Go /fli6«o ;+r/gf eGg] ;+:yfn] o'lg;]kmsf] /]vb]vdf ;dfof]hgsf] sfo{ u/]sf] . sl/a #))) afn ;}Gox¿nfO{ cfjZos k|lqmof k'¥ofO{ cfcfkm\gf] kl/jf/df kmsf{pg] sfo{ ePsf] .

-3_ k"j{ afn ;}Gox¿nfO{ o'lg;]kmaf6 ;+rflnt ljz]if sfo{qmd dfkm{t lzIff, :jf:Yo / jf;:yfg h:tf ;'ljwfx¿ k|bfg ul/Psf] .

-ª_ dlxnf / ckf+ux¿nfO{ ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L ;+:yfx¿af6 ;+rflnt ljz]if sfo{qmdx¿dfkm{t\ ;fdflhs tyf dgf]j}1flgs ;]jfx¿ pknAw u/fPsf] .

-r_ sl/a *,))) k"j{ n8fs"x¿ /fli6«o ;]gfdf ;dfj]z ePsf] .

-5_ ;]gfdf ;dflxt gePsf af“sL k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ Joj;flos tflndx¿ -On]S6]«l;og, sfk]{G6/, sDo'6/ ck/]6/ OToflb_ lbO{ ;dfhdf g} lkmtf{ u/fOPsf] .

-@_ ?jf08f

-s_ sl/a ^),))) k"j{ n8fs"x¿ dWo] @%)) afn k"j{ n8fs"x¿ ;lxt #%,#^& hgfnfO{ Demobilize ul/Psf] .

-v_ !%))) k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ /fli6«o ;]gfdf ;dflxt ul/Psf] .

-u_ af“sL k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ l:sn 8]enkd]G6 k|f]u|fd cGtu{t ljleGg lsl;dsf Joj;flos tflndx¿ lbOPsf] .

-3_ 3/ ;dfhdf kmsL{ v]tL ls;fgL ug{ rfxg]nfO{ hldg ;d]t ljt/0f ul/Psf] .

-ª_ ;dfof]hgsf sfo{qmdx¿ :yfgLo :t/df ;d]t ;Dkfbg ePsf] . :yfgLo:t/df o:tf sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng u/fpg] ;+:yfx¿nfO{ bft[ /fi6« tyf ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n] cfly{s tyf ef}lts ;xof]u u/]sf] .

-r_ ljleGg lsl;dsf of}g /f]u PrcfO{eLaf6 u|l;t k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ :jf:Yo SofDkx¿df /fvL pkrf/ u/fOPsf] .

-#_ l;o/flnof]g

-s_ nB' Joj;fo tyf pBf]u / s[lif pTkfbg;“u ;DalGwt tflndsf] Jooj:yf ul/Psf] .

-v_ c;xfo, ckf“u / dlxnfx¿nfO{ ljz]if sfo{qmddfkm{\ :jf:Yo tyf ;fdflhs ;]jfx¿ pknAw u/fO{ cfcfkm\gf] ;dfhdf lkmtf{ u/fOPsf] .

-u_ s]xL k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ cf}krfl/s lzIff, s[lif / /f]huf/sf] Joj:yf u/L cfcfkm\gf] ;dfhdf lkmtf{ ul/Psf] .

-3_ ljleGg ;z:q ;d"xx¿sf lglZrt dfkb08df k/]sf k"j{ n8fs"x¿ ldnfO{ /fli6«o ;]gf agfOPsf] .

-ª_ ;g\ @))$ sf] hgj/L #! ;Dddf %!,!@@ k"j{ n8fs"x¿ ;dfof]hgsf] k|lqmofdf ;DnUg ePsf] .

-r_ ljleGg sf/0fn] ;dfof]hg k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g g;s]sf k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ Psd'i7 cd]l/sL 8n/ !%) lbOPsf] .

-5_ Joj;flos tflnd cGtu{t l;sdL{, 8sdL{, l;nfO{ a'gfO{ h:tf tflndx¿ ;+rfng ePsf] . o:tf tflndx¿sf] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ cfkm\g} ;dfhdf kmsL{ :j/f]huf/sf] dfWodaf6 zflGtk"j{s af“sL hLjg latfpg] cj;/ lbPsf] 5 .

-$_ c·f]nf

-s_ cfw'lgs tyf k/Dk/fut pBf]u Joj;fo ;DaGwL /f]huf/ d'ns tflndsf] Joj:yf u/L y'k|} k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ ljleGg /f]huf/d"ns If]qx¿df ;dflxt ul/Psf] .

-v_ n3' pBf]u :yfkgfsf] nflu k|f]T;fxg ul/Psf] / ljleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx¿ dfkm{t ;fdflhs sfo{df ;+nUg u/fOPsf] .

-%_ df]hflDjs

-s_ of}ghGo lqmofsnfkx¿af6 kLl8t dlxnf k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ dgf]j}1flgs :jf:Yo pkrf/ pknAw u/fO{ cfkm\g} ;dfhdf lkmtf{ u/fOPsf] .

-v_ cx;fo / ckf+ux¿nfO{ ljz]if sfo{qmdx¿dfkm{t k]G;g kfpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] .

-u_ l;kd"ns tyf ljsf; sfo{qmdx¿ ;+rfng u/L y'k|} k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ pBf]u, Joj;fo / ;fdflhs If]qx¿df ;DnUg u/fPsf] .

-^_ s+uf]

-s_ ;dfof]hg k|lqmofsf] k|f/Dedf k"j{ n8fs"x¿af6 ;+rgfut ljsf; kl/of]hgfx¿ cg';f/ ;8s, :s"n, :jf:Yo s]Gb|x¿sf] k'gMlgdf{0f ug]{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf] . oL sfo{x¿sf];“u;“u} s[lif, df5fkfng, ahf/ Joj;fo h:tf cfod"ns ultljlwx¿nfO{ klg ;+rfng ul/Psf] 5 .

-v_ cfkm\gf] 3/ ;dfh lkmtf{ eO{ af“sL hLjg ljtfpg rfxg] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ ;f] cg';f/ lkmtf{ x'g lbPsf] 5 . o;/L lkmtf{ x'g rfxg] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ cfkm\gf] Ifdtf / l;k cg';f/ cfod"ns Joj;fox¿ ;+rfng ug{ d2t k'¥ofPsf] 5 . k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ dgf]j}1flgs tyf ;fdflhs pkrf/, k]zfut tflndsf] Joj:yf / n3' kl/of]hgf ;+rfng ug{ ;/sf/L tyf u}/ ;/sf/L 6f]nLx¿n] cfjZos ;xof]u ul//x]sf 5g\ . ;fy} /f]huf/sf] k'gaf{; / lzIffsf] ;d]t Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 .

-&_ nfOa]l/of

-s_ ljz]if u/L k"j{ afn ;}Go / :s"n hfg ;Sg] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ sDtLdf # jif{sf] nflu lgMz'Ns k9fpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] . oL k"j{ afn ;}Gox¿ tyf k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ b'O{ jif{;Ddsf] nflu :s"n 8]«;, z}lIfs z'Ns / ljleGg eQfx¿ ;d]t lbOPsf] . @))^ sf] gf]e]Da/;Dddf @@,))) k"j{ n8fs"x¿ cf}krfl/s lzIffsf] nflu btf{ ePsf] .

-v_ l;sdL{, 8sdL{, l;nfO{ a'gfO{, c6f] df]afOn h:tf k]zfut tflndsf] Joj:yf u/L y'k}| k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ bIf JolQm agfpg] sfo{ ePsf] . To;} u/L s[lif Joj;fosf] nflu cfjZos l;k pknAw u/fpg] sfo{x¿ klg ePsf] . o:tf k]zfut tflndx¿ :yfgLo :t/sf ;+3;+:yfx¿af6 ;d]t ;+rfng ePsf] lyof] .

-u_ o'Pg8LkL sf] /]vb]vdf rn]sf Joj;fod"ns sfo{qmdx¿af6 btf{ ePsf em08} @ ltxfO{ k"j{ n8fs"x¿ nfeflGjt ePsf] . af“sL k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ o'lg;]km / o'P;cfO8L / O{;Laf6 ;+rflnt sfo{qmdx¿df ;+nUg u/fpg] sfo{ eO/x]sf] .

-3_ @))^ sf] cS6f]a/df sl/a %),))) k"j{ n8fs"x¿ ;dfof]hgsf sfo{qmddf ;+nUg ePsf] .

-3_ åGådf ;+nUg ePsf afn;}Gox¿nfO{ WFP, Oxfam, Save the children af6 ;+rfng ePsf rfON8 s]o/ ;]G6/df /flvPsf] .

-ª_ P8\; /f]uaf6 u|:t k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ o'PgPkmlkPn] ljz]if :jf:Yo pkrf/sf] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . ;fy} åGåsf] a]nfdf of}ghGo ultljlwaf6 kLl8t dlxnfx¿nfO{ dgf]j}1flgs ;xof]u sfpg;Llnª k];fut tflnd tyf l;k lbg] sfo{ ePsf] .

-*_ xfO{6L

-s_ cf}krfl/s lzIffsf] Joj:yf .

-v_ Joj;flos tflndsf] Joj:yf .

-u_ n3' pBf]u tyf Joj;fosf] nflu cfly{s tyf k|fljlws ;xof]u .

-3_ /f]huf/ pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf .

-(_ ckmuflg:tfg

-s_ s[lif ?vlj?jf -g;{/L_ df}/Lkfng, df5fkfng, kz'k+IfLkfng, laplahg, s[lif cf}hf/ / dn pTkfbg ug]{ sfo{sf] yfngL ePsf] .

-v_ Joj;flos tfnLd / /f]huf/Lsf] Joj:yfM– 8sdL{, l;sdL{, sDKo'6/ tflnd, c6f]d]sflgS;, l;nfO{ a'gfO{, wft'sf] sfd ug]{ pBf]u Joj;fo ;+rfng .

-u_ pBf]u Joj;fosf] cj;/M– ;fem]bf/Ldf cfwfl/t n3' pBf]usf] ;+rfng ePsf] . o; sfo{qmd cg';f/ ;j{k|yd Joj;fo cg';f/sf] tflndsf] Joj:yf To;kl5 ;/sf/af6 lglZrt /sdsf] Joj:yf / cGTodf k"j{ n8fs"x¿af6 pBf]u Joj;fosf] ;+rfng .

-3_ af?bL ;'?ª x6fpg] sfo{ M– cGtl/d ;dosf] nflu lglZrt /sd lbP/ k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ af?bL ;'?ª x6fpg] sfo{df ;d]t ;+nUg u/fOPsf] 5 .

-ª_ ;fdflhs tyf ljsf;d"ns sfo{M– cfjZostf cg';f/ k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ kfl/>lds kfpg] u/L ljleGg ;fdflhs tyf ljsf;d"ns sfo{df ;+nUg u/fOPsf] .

-r_ ;'/Iff c+udf egf{M– ;'/Iff c+ux¿df egf{ x'g rfxg] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ egf{sf] lglZrt k|lqmof k"/f u/L ;dfj]z ug]{ sfo{ eO{/x]sf] .

-5_ lzIfs tflndM– lglZrt of]Uotf k'u]sf / !@ sIff kf; u/]sf ljz]if u/L clws[tx¿nfO{ of] cj;/ lbO{Psf] 5 .

-r_ 7]Ssf k§f ug{ kfpg]M– ;fgf lgdf{0f sfo{x¿df ;/sf/af6 lglZrt /sd pknAw u/fO{ 7]Ssfk§f ;d]t ug{ lbOPsf] .

;dfof]hgsf] k|lqmofdf b]vf kg]{ ;d:ofx¿ / r'gf}tLx¿

!= k"j{ n8fs"x¿n] ljz]if JolQm jf ;d'xsf] k|ltlglwTj ug]{ ePsf]n] ;dfhdf dgf]j}1flgs ¿kdf Ps lsl;dsf] 8/ pTkGg u/fO/x]sf x'G5g\ .

@=hgtfn] k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ 8/, z+sf, l/; / 3[0ff b[li6n] x]l//x]sf x'G5g\ .

#= k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ ;fdflhs sfo{x¿af6 a+lrt u/fpg] ;Defjgf x'G5 .

$= k"j{ n8fs"x¿nfO{ ;fdflhs d'No dfGotfsf] af/]df hfgsf/L x'g ;Sb}g jf tL d'No dfGotfnfO{ cljZjf; klg ug{ ;Sb5g\ .

%= ;dfof]hgsf] k|lqmof k"j{ / k|lqmof ;+rfng eO/xbf k"j{ n8fs"x¿sf] ;+Vof -jf:tljs ;+Vof eGbf_ a9\b} hfg] ;Defjgf x'G5 . /f]huf/L / cGo ;'ljwfx¿sf] nf]en] åGådf ;xefuL gePsf JolQmx¿;d]t gSsnL k|df0fx¿sf ;fy k"j{ n8fs"x¿ ePsf] bfjL ub}{ o; k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g cfp“b5g\ .

^= afn ;}Gox¿sf] a9\bf] ;+Vofn] ;Dk"0f{ 8L8Lcf/ k|lqmofdf ljljw ;d:of Nofpb5g\ . afn ;}Gox¿sf] ;dfof]hgnfO{ a9L cfly{s ;|f]tx¿ cfjZos kg]{ / o;sf] cjlw klg nfdf] x'G5 .

&= k"j{ n8fs"x¿ / /fli6«o ;]gfsf JolQmx¿aLr cfk;L cljZjf;, 3[0ff, e}emu8f x'g uO{ ;Dk"0f{ ;dfof]hg k|lqmofnfO{ layf]Ng ;Sg] ;Defjgf x'G5 .

*= bft[ /fi6« / ;+:yfx¿sf] ;xof]usf] arga4tfdf kl/jt{g cfpgfn] klg ;du| k|lqmofnfO{ cj/f]w k'¥ofp“b5 . cfly{s ;xof]u k'¥ofpg] bft[ ;+:yfx¿df cfly{s cg'zf;gsf] sdL x'g uO{ ;du| k|lqmofnfO{ k|efj kfl//x]sf] x'G5 .

(= ;Da4 /fi6« / kIfx¿df b]lvPsf] e|i6frf/, l9nf ;':tL / ckf/bzL{n] ;dfof]hgsf] k|lqmofnfO{ k|efjxLg agfp“b5 .

!)= ;dfof]hg k|lqmofsf] nflu cfjZos kg]{ bL3{sfnLg cfly{s ;xof]usf of]hgfx¿sf] sdLn] ;Dk"0f{ zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ k|lts"n kl/l:yltdf nUb5 .

!!= If]qLo ;}lgs tyf /fhgLlts ;+u7gx¿sf] ;Dk"0f{ k|lqmof dflysf] x:tIf]k / c;xof]u .

!@= lSjs ODKofS6 k|f]h]S6x¿sf] sfof{Gjogdf l9nf ;':tL / z"Go kl/0ffd . ;dfof]hgdf ;xefuL k"j{ n8fs"x¿ o:tf kl/of]hgfx¿ ;dod} ;DkGg ePsf] b]Vg rfxG5g\, t/ Jojxf/df lgs} ;do nfUg] / ljjfbf:kb ;d]t x'g] ub{5g\ .

!#= k|efjzfnL :yfgLo zlQmx¿ / ;dfof]hg k|lqmofsf] /]vb]v ug]{ lhDd]jf/ JolQmx¿aLrdf cfk;L cljZjf; / c;xof]u .

!$= k|efjsf/L s'6gLlt k|of;sf] sdL .

!%= ljb]zL k"j{ n8fs"x¿af6 pTkGg x'g ;Sg] ;d:ofx¿ .