sd/]8 k|r08 n]08'kkylt/
sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIf s= k|r08n] rLg / ef/t;“usf] ;DaGwsf af/]df ljjfbf:kb cleJolQm lbg'ePkl5 /fhgLlts ljZn]ifsx¿n] pxf“ cfºg} kydf geO{ n]08'k bf]hL{kydf lx8\g tof/ /x]sf] ljZn]if0f u/]sf 5g\ . ev{/} pxf“n] ef/tsf] Pp6f b}lgs klqsfnfO{ lbg'ePsf] cGtjf{tf{n] To:tf] cfef; u/fPsf] pgLx¿sf] cf/f]k 5 .
s= k|r08n] …ef/t;“u xfd|f] ljz]if Jojxfl/s ;DaGw 5 eGb} rLg;“usf] ;DaGwnfO{ ;}4flGts k|Zgdf dfq} x]g{ cfu|x ug'{ePsf] 5 .Ú ef/tn] cfufdL ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj cWoIf k|r08n] geO{ 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] lng'k5{ eg]/ leqL ¿kdf
rnv]n a9fPsf] rrf{ Jofks ePkl5 k|r08sf] o:tf] ljjfbf:kb cleJolQm cGtjf{tf{sf ¿kdf ;fj{hlgs x'g k'u]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL hgtfn] b]zeQmx¿sf] g]t[Tjstf{ 7fg]sf] / cf:yf / e/f];fsf] s]Gb| dfg]sf] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ sf cWoIfn] ;Qfl;g x'gfs} nflu /fli6«o lxt / :jfy{nfO{ Tofu]/ ef/t;fd' nDk;f/ kg{ tof/ x'g'nfO{ n]08'kkysf] pbfx/0fsf] ¿kdf ljZn]if0f ug{ yflnPsf] 5 .
cWoIf k|r08n] ef/t;“usf] ;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGw vf/]h ug'{ gkg]{, uf]/vfetL{ s]Gb| klg vf/]h ug'{ gkg]{, js{k/dL6 klg nfu" ug'{ gkg]{ eGg] h:tf cToGt ef/telQmsf s'/fx¿ u/]/ cfkm"nfO{ k|r08kyaf6 ljrlnt u/fpg' ePsf] cf/f]k pQm cGtjf{tf{ k9\g]x¿n] nufPsf 5g\ .
kqsf/aLr tLj| k|lt:kwf{
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltsf] @@ cf}+ dxflwj]zgdf pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf ljleGg kbsf k|Tof;Lx¿sf] r'gfjL d'2f ;dfg /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . oxL @! / @@ ut] /fhwfgLdf ;DkGg x'g] r'gfjn] cWoIfnufot @& kbsf] 5gf}6 ug]{5, h;df ! ;o eGbf a9L k|Tof;Lx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .
cWoIfdf lzj ufp“n], dx]Gb| lai6, wd]Gb| emf, s'nrGb| jfUn] / zLtn sf]O/fnfsf] pDd]bjf/Lsf] rrf{ 5 eg] pkfWoIfdf uf]ljGb cfrfo{, s]bf/ sf]O/fnf, u+ufw/ k/fh'nL, 8Lcf/ kGt, an/fd af“lgof / afns'df/ g]kfnn] pDd]bjf/L lbg] ePsf 5g\ .
dxf;lrjdf ljgf]b 9'+u]n, x]dGt sfkm\n], kf]if0f s];L / lgd{nf zdf{ k|Tof;L b]lvPsf 5g\ eg] ;lrj kbdf le8\g]x¿df /fdhL bfxfn, k"0f{ a:g]t, lji0f' l5d]sL,
;"o{ yfkf / emk]Gb| u}/] /x]sf 5g\ . sf]iffWoIfdf pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff ug]{df pd]z rf}xfg, 6+s kGt, uh]Gb| a'9fyf]sL, /d]z lai6, ljho l3ld/] /gj/fh rfln;] 5g\ .
pkTosfsf b'O{ ;b:osf nflu lvnaxfb'/ e08f/L, hut g]kfn, phL/ du/, /fh]Gb| km'“ofn, lji0f' ;'j]bL, bLks l/hfn, /fdhL e§/fO{, bLks kf08], ljho lj:kmf]6 / /fhg s'“O{s]nn] pDd]bjf/L 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ eg] If]qLo ¿kdf lgjf{lrt x'g] !) ;b:osf] nflu b'O{ bh{geGbf a9Lsf] pDd]bjf/L ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 .
dlxnf pDd]bjf/sf] ¿kdf ;/nf a}+h', ozf]wf ltlD;gf, d}gf lwtfn, ;/:jtL sfsL{, k|ltdf /fO{ / l/tf u'?ª d}bfgdf pq]sf 5g\ . dw];L sf]6fdf s'df/ ljs]sfgGb ld> / a[hs'df/ ofbjn] pDd]bjf/L lbg] ePsf 5g\ eg] hghfltdf /fhs'df/ lbs\kfn, uf]kL a'9f, jL/dfg z]kf{ / lbnLk yfkf du/ rrf{df /x]sf 5g\ . To:t} blnt sf]6fsf nflu uf]ljGb kl/of/, lgzf ljZjsdf{ / bLjfs/ afurGbn] k|lt:kwf{ ug]{ ePsf 5g\ .
jfO{;LPn lj36g gx'g]
sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf] eft[;+u7g jfO{;LPn lj36g xf]Og alnof] x'g] jfO{;LPnsf O~rfh{ s'naxfb'/ s];L -;f]gfd_ n] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxf“n] jfO{;LPn lj36gsf] s'/f p7fpg]x¿nfO{ k'/ftgjfbL / lg/+s'ztfjfbL ;f]ru|:t eGg'ePsf] 5 . dfcf]jfbLsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ;d]t /xg' ePsf ;f]gfdn] g]kfnsf] /fli6«otf / u0ftGqsf] kx/]bf/sf] ¿kdf jfO{;LPnnfO{ cem dha't kfg'{kg]{ hgfpg' eof] .
…ljlwjt / sfo{qmlds ¿kn] x6fpg] s'/f t /fh;+:yfsf] Jojxf/df e/k5{ / bnx¿n] cfkm\gf] k|lta4tf slt k"/f u5{g\ eGg] s'/fdf e/k5{,Ú /fhfnfO{ s;/L x6fpg ;lsG5 / /fhtGq x6fpg ax'dt rflxG5 eGg] ljifodf
pxf“n] eGg'eof], …of] a]nf /fhtGqsf] kIfdf cfpg] kf6L{ sf] xf]nf / < lsgsL g]kfn nf]stflGqs u0ftGq x'g]5 eGg]df ;a}n] x:tfIf/ ul/;s]sf 5g\ .
cfufdL ;/sf/sf] af/]df pxf“n] ;/sf/sf] clwsf/;DkGg g]t[Tj dfcf]jfbLsf] / d'Vot k|r08sf] x'g'k5{ eGb} pNn]v ug'{eof], …xfdLn] d'n's u0ftGq g]kfn ag]kl5 u0ftGqfTds g]kfnsf] k|yd /fi6«kltsf] ¿kdf kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 cWoIf k|r08nfO{ cufl8 a9fPsf] s'/f ;To xf] . /, af“sL k|fjwfgx¿sf] s'/f rfxL+ ;+ljwfg;ef;b\sf] a}7sn] jf To;eGbf cufl8 ;ftbnLo a}7saf6 7f]; hgfpg] s'/f klg x'g;S5 .Ú pxf“n] b]zeQm / u0ftGqjfbLsf] /Iffdf jfO{;LPn ;b}j nflu/xg] s'/fdf cfjZj:t, kfb}{ eGg'eof], …b]zLljb]zL k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] dfcf]jfbL of t /fhgLlts ¿kn] ktg u/fpg] of ef}lts ¿kn] vtd u/fpg] if8\oGq ul//x]sf 5g\ .Ú
cG8/jN8{sf] 5xf/Ldf u[xdGqL
sf7df8f}+ . u[xdGqL s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nfnfO{ lgjf{rg kl/0ffdn] ;fy glbP klg t:s/ / nfu"cf}ifwsf Jofkf/Ln] ;fy lbO/s]sf] s'/f p7]sf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ sf+u|];L sfo{stf{x¿n] u[xdGqLn] xfdLnfO{ xf]Og sfnf] ahfl/ofnfO{ ;fy lbG5g\ eGg] ph'/L u/]kl5 u[xdGqLn] k|wfgdGqLsf] ufnL vfg' ePsf] k|fKt ;dfrf/df hgfOpsf] 5 .
kl5Nnf] kN6 k|To]s lhNnfx¿af6 u[xdGqL l;6f}nfnfO{ kf6L{sf] ;fwf/0f ;b:o ;d]t g/xg] u/L sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ dfu cfO/x]sf 5g\ . sfo{jfxs ;efklt ;'zLn sf]O/fnf, ;'hftf sf]O/fnf, anaxfb'/ /fO{nufot clwsf+z g]tf / juL{o ;+u7gx¿n] klg l;6f}nfdfly sf/afxL ug'{kg]{ dfu p7fO{ /x]sf 5g\ .
;+ljwf;ef lgjf{rgsf a]nf k"jf{~rn tyf t/fO{sf ljleGg lhNnfx¿df 306fsf] b'O{ nfv x]lnsf]K6/ ef8f ;/sf/L sf]ifaf6 lt/]/ hfg' ePsf u[xdGqLn] r'gfjL sfo{qmd ;DalGw s'g} klg lhNNff g]t[TjnfO{ ;Nnfx, ;'emfj jf lgb]{zg lbg' gePsf] u'gf;f] kf6L{leq a9\g yfn]sf] 5 . emg\ lgjf{rgsf] dt kl/0ffd u0fgfeO glthf cfO/x]sf] a]nf u[xdGqL l;6f}nf uf]Ko9+un] ef/t uP/ kms{g'nfO{ /x:ok"0f{ dflgPsf] 5 .
k|x/L lgsfosf] Ps ;"qsf cg';f/ u[xdGqLsf] ;DaGw …cG8/jN8{ 8gÚ x¿;“u x'g;Sg] k|;:t sf/0fx¿ 5g\ . Ps k"j{ k|x/L clws[tn] t pxf“dfly nfu"cf}ifwsf] Jofkf/ ug]{ u/]sf ts{k"0f{ cfwf/x¿ ;+rf/ dfWodåf/f 5tf5'Nn kfl/lbPsf 5g\ . klZrda+ufnsf zlQmzfnL t:s/ lu/f]xsf gfOs]x¿ gGb' s'Gb' / jnfO{ s'Gb'nfO{ sf7df8f}+d} lemsfP/ …l8nÚ ug]{ cf/f]k b]pjf kIfLo k"j]{nL sf+u|];Lx¿n] u[xdGqL l;6f}nfdfly nufPsf 5g\ . nfdf] ;do;Dd l;6f}nfsf] arfp ub}{ cfpg' ePsf k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnf clxn] sf+u|];nfO{ o;/L v:sfpgdf l;6f}nfsf] klg xft /x]sf] b]Vg yfNg' ePsf] ;Da4 ;|f]tsf] bfjL 5 . efjL ;/sf/df gkg]{ 5f“6 b]lvPkl5 u[xdGqL l;6f}nf clxn] dGqfno hfg 5f]8\g' ePsf] 5 eg] dGqL lgjf;df wfpg] k|x/Lsf pRrflws[tx¿ kftln+b} uPsf 5g\ . ljz]if ;"qsf cg';f/ u[xdGqL l;6f}nfn] cs}{ ;|f]taf6 k|x/L clws[tx¿ dfcf]jfbL g]tf sxf“ wfpg yfn]sf] va/ k|wfgdGqLsf] sfgdf k'¥ofpg ;kmn x'g'eof] . of] ;"rgf kfpgf;fy k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] utxKtf hgky k|x/L, ;z:q k|x/L / /fli6«o cg';Gwfg ljefusf k|d'vx¿nfO{ afn'jf6f/ af]nfP/ emkfg'{ ePsf] lyof] . Toxf“ pkl:yt ;|f]tsf cg';f/ 8LP;kLb]lv dflysf clws[tx¿n] lsg c?sf 9f]sf rxfg{ yfn]sf eg]/ tLg} hgf;“u k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] :kli6s/0f lng' ePsf] lyof] .
sf+u|];L ;dfrf/ ;|f]tsf cg';f/ clxn] sf+u|];leq ;}4flGts n8fO“ 5}g . kfl/jfl/s kbLo pkl:yltsf] :yfoLTjsf af/]df xfgfyfk eO/x]sf] 5 . sf+u|];Lx¿s} egfO{ cg';f/ gkm'6\g], gh'6\g] / Pscfk;sf cf/f]k–k|Tof/f]k / v'§f tfgftfgs} sf/0f sf+u|]; casf lbgdf ;f+u7lgs ¿kdf nyfln+u x'g] cj:yfdf 5 . clwsf+z o'jf sf+u|];x¿ g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ of] xfntdf k'¥ofpgdf u[xdGqLnfO{ bf]if lbG5g\ . pgLx¿sf] cf/f]k 5– …Pp6f Oltxf; af]s]sf] kf6L{nfO{ u[xdGqL l;6f}nfn] dfcf]jfbLn] vg]sf] vf8ndf hflslbP, pgL eg] dhf;“u …c08/ jN8{Ú sf t:s/;“u p7a; ul//x]sf 5g\ .Ú
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ lul/hfsf] tuf/f]
sf7df8f}+ . g]skf Pdfn]n] kf6L{sf tkm{af6 ;/sf/df ;xefuL dGqLx¿n] lbPsf] /fhLgfdf :jLs[ltsf nflu k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfnfO{ cfu|x ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . sfo{afxs dxf;lrj cd[ts'df/ af]xf]/fsf] cWoIftfdf ;f]daf/ a;]sf] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo sld6Lsf] a}7sn] pQm lg0f{o u/]sf] xf] .
;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf kf6L{n] k/fho ef]u]kl5 ;f] kf6L{sf tkm{af6 cGtl/d ;/sf/df ;xefuL dGqLx¿n] j}zfvsf] klxnf] ;ftf k|wfgdGqL ;dIf ;+o'Qm¿kdf kbaf6 /fhLgfdf a'emfPsf lyP . k|wfgdGqL sf]O/fnfn] Pdfn]nfO{ kq n]vL jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] bfloTj k"/f eO g;s]sfn] /fhLgfdf lkmtf{ lng cfx\jfg ug'{ ePsf] 5 . sf]O/fnfsf] of] cfJxfgnfO{ dfcf]jfbL]sf] ;Qf/f]x0fsf lglDt tuf/f]sf] ?kdf lnOPsf] 5 .
dfcf]jfbL;“u g]kfnL hgtfsf dfux¿
sf7df8f}+ . ljutsf] ;z:q åGåb]lv ;Dk"0f{ g]kfnL hgtf kl/lrt 5g\ . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] ;+rfng u/]sf] ;z:q ;+3if{df hgtfn] ;fy lbPs} sf/0f g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts :j¿k clxn]sf] cj:yfdf cfOk'u]sf] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o hutsf] 7x/ 5 .
;fdflhs ljZn]ifsx¿sf] egfO{df g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] b]z / hgtf;fd' $) ;"qLo dfu k|:t't u/]/ To;sf] k|flKtsf] nflu 5]8]sf] xltof/aGb cfGbf]ngdf ljZjf;sf] cfwf/df hgtfn] ;fy lbPsf lyP . tL dfu k"/f x'G5g\ eg]/ g} pgLx¿ dfcf]jfbLsf] kl5 nfu]sf lyP . cfh dfcf]jfbLn] vf]h]sf] h:tf] /fhgLlts jftfj/0f tof/ ePsf] 5 . …hgtfnfO{ k|wfgdGqLo zf;g k4lt xf];\ jf /fi6«ktLo, ;/f]sf/
5}g . tL $) ;"qLo dfu dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] k"/f u5{ ls ub}{g eGg] dfq ;/f]sf/ 5, …clwsf+z ljZn]ifsx¿ eGb5g\– …ca hgtfsf tL $) ;"qLo dfu k"/f u/fpg] bfloTj g]skf dfcf]jfbLdfly 5 .Ú k"0f{ ljj/0f k[i7 # df .
cfh d] lbj; dgfOg]
sf7df8f}+ . k];fut dxf;+3 g]kfn -sf]g]k_ / g]kfn 6]«8 o'lgog dxf;+3
-lhkmG6_ n] oxL j}zfv !( ut] -d] !_ cGt/f{li6«o >lds lbj; b]zJofkL ¿kdf dgfpgsf nflu cfof]hgf x'g] >lds¥ofnL / ;efdf ;Dk"0f{ >ldsnfO{ ;xefuL x'g ;+o'Qm ckLn u/]sf 5g\ .
o; jif{ …d] lbj; @))* sf] cfx\jfgM >dhLjL ju{sf kIfdf gof“ ;+ljwfgÚ eGg] d"n gf/fsf ;fy dgfO{b}5 . ;+o'Qm ckLndf d'n'sdf lbuf] zflGtsfod u/L ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq :yfkgf ug]{ / gof“ g]kfn lgdf{0fsf nflu cufl8 al9/x]sf] a]nf ;fj{ef}d g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;f“rf] cy{df /fHo;Qfsf] dflns agfpg' kg]{df hf]8 lbOPsf] 5 .
vf;fdf /]n cfpg]
sf7df8f}+ . cfufdL kf“r jif{leq rLgsf] g]kfnL ;LdfjtL{ ;x/ vf;f;Dd lrlgof“ /]n ;+hfn lj:tf/ x'g] ePsf] 5 . Nxf;fb]lv gf}+ ;o lsnf]ld6/ blIf0fklZrddf kg]{ g]kfnsf] ;LdfjtL{ ;x/ vf;f;Dd g]kfnsf] df]6/af6f] k'lu;s]sf] 5 . g]kfn e|d0fdf cfPsf] lrlgof“ sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] ljb]z ljefusf] pRr:t/Lo k|ltlglw d08nn] k|wfgdGqL lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf;“u z'qmaf/ afn'jf6f/df ePsf] e]6df vf;f;Dd /]nj] ;+hfn lj:tf/ ug]{ of]hgf rLgsf] rfn' k+rjifL{o of]hgfdf ;dfj]z ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . rLgsf] /]nj] ;+hfn /fhwfgL a]Olhªnufot cGo ;Dk"0f{ 7"nf ;x/x¿;Dd lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . g]kfndf w]/} cl3b]lv s'/f p7] klg ;/sf/L k|of; eg] ePsf] lyPg . ef/tLo ;/sf/sf] bjfjsf] sf/0f s'g} klg ;/sf/n] rLg;“u cf}krfl/s k|:tfj g/fv] klg g]kfnL hgtfsf] dfu / ;d:ofnfO{ x]/]/ rLgn] pQm /]nj] ;+hfn lj:tf/ u/L hfª\af] -g]kfnL efiffdf vf;f_ ahf/;Dd Nofpg nfu]sf] xf] .
Nxf;f / vf;ffaLr /]n ;]jf ;+rfngkl5 g]kfn cfpg] ko{6ssf] ;+Vof j[l4 x'g] / g]kfnx'“b} rLgaf6 ljZje|d0fdf hfg] ljb]zLsf] ;+Vof klg j[l4 x'g] b]lvG5 . xfn g]kfnsf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/ ef/t;“u &) k|ltzt /x]sf]df kf“r jif{kl5 g]kfnsf] Jofkf/ rLgtkm{ df]l8g] nueu lglZrt ePsf] 5 .
g]kfn a'‰g k6gfsf] ofqf
sf7df8f}+ . ef/t ;/sf/sf] ljb]z dGqfno -;fpy Ans_ sf] of]hgf cg';f/ ef/tLo k|fof]hgdf g]kfn–ef/t klxnf] s'6gLlts ;Dd]ng k6gfdf ;DkGg eof] . g]kfnaf6 k|d'v jQmfsf ¿kdf cfdGq0f ul/PsL ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0f dGqL lxl;nf odLn] cfly{s ljsf;sf] nflu ef/t / rLg;“u ldn]/ g]kfnn] k'nsf] sfdug'{ kg]{ eGg' eof] . …ef/tleq cEof;df /x]sf] k|lt:kwf{Tds ax'bnLo Joj:yf / cfly{s ljsf;sf k|f¿ksf af/]df xfdLn] cWoog ul//x]sf 5f}+Ú, dGqL odLn] eGg'eof], …ef/t;“u ;DaGw ;'b[9 ug{sf nflu g]kfnn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rgdfkm{t\ DofG8]6 k|fKt u/]sf] 5 .Ú
;Dd]ngdf cltlysf] ¿kdf af]Nb} dfcf]jfbLsf ljb]z ljefu k|d'v ;LkL uh'/]nn] dfcf]jfbLn] ef/t jf rLg sf8{ gv]Ng] hgfpg' eof] . pxf“n] ;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGwsf s]xL k|fjwfgx¿ k'g/fjnf]sgsf] vf“rf] /x]sf] cf}+Nofpg' eof] . ax'bndf cfwfl/t k|hftGqsf] ljsf;sf nflu g]kfnn] ef/taf6 kf7 l;Sg] s'/f g]kfnsf nflu k"j{ ef/tLo /fhb"t Zofd z/0fn] hgfpg' eof] . ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnaf6 dGqL odLsf] g]t[Tjdf $% ;b:oLo 6f]nL k6gf k'u]sf] lyof] . pQm 6f]nLdf /fhgLlt1, s"6gLlt1, cy{ljb\ kqsf/x¿sf] ;+nUgtf lyof] . ef/tk|lt …nf]onÚ dflgg]x¿sf] ;d"xsf] g]t[Tj dGqL odLn] ug'{nfO{ af}l4s If]qn] /fd|f] dfg]sf] 5}g . pQm ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnLx¿nfO{ a'emfpg] x]t'n] ef/tLo kIfsf JolQmx¿n] af]n]sf lyP . g]kfnL kIfaf6 ;xefuL sltko JolQmx¿k|lt g]kfnL ldl8ofn] z+sf:kb b[li6n] x]g]{ x'“bf k6gf ;Dd]ngn] oxL ;Gb]z lbG5 eGg] 7f]s'jf ug{ ;lsGg .
lxGb'x¿sf] dfu
ef/t . ljZj lxGb' dxf;+3sf] @) cf}+ dxf;Dd]ng ef/tl:yt pQ/k|b]zsf] an/fdk'/df ut zlgaf/ ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngn] g]kfnnfO{ lxGb' clw/fHo agfpg' kg]{df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . dxf;Dd]ng pb\3f6gsf qmddf jQmfx¿n] g]kfnsf] k|lts"n kl/l:yltnfO{ cg's"n agfpg lxGb'/fHo agfpg'kg]{df wf/0ff JoQm u/]sf lyP . ;Dd]ngdf ljZj lxGb' kl/ifb\sf cGt/f{li6«o cWoIf czf]s l;+3nn] lxGb'
;dfhsf] ckdfg ug{ k|oTg eO/x]sf] / To;sf] HjnGt pbfx/0f g]kfndf b]lvPsf] hgfp“b} g]kfn lxGb' /fi6« gePdf p;sf] cl:tTj g} d]l6g ;Sg] ePsfn] To;sf nflu Pp6f df]rf{ cfjZos ePsf] hgfPsf 5g\ . dxf;+3 cGt/f{li6«o ;ldltsf cWoIf e/ts]z/ l;+x / ef/tsf k"j{ s]Gb|Lo dGqL 8f= ;'a|dGod :jfdLn] ;Dd]ngdf g]kfnnfO{ lxGb' clw/fHo agfpg' kg{]df hf]8 lbPsf lyP .
vr{ 36fpg] ls a9fpg] <
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] @)^@ ;fn h]7b]lv @)^# ;fn sflQs;Dd u/]sf] rf}yf] kfl/jfl/s ah]6 ;j]{If0f cg';f/ w]/}h;f] g]kfnLn] cfkm"n] sdfPsf] /sd 3/fo;L Joj:yfkgdf vlr{g] u/]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .
;j]{If0fdf b]lvP cg';f/ cfDbfgLsf] @$ bzdnj @% k|ltzt 3/fo;L vr{ ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . To:t} bf]>f]df dgf]/~hg vr{ * bzdnj &$ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 eg] lzIffdf & bzdnj ^) k|ltzt / hf“8–/lS;df & bzdnj @) k|ltzt /x]sf] b]lvG5 . ;j]{If0fn] lglZrt cfDbfgLnfO{ cfwf/ gdfg] klg vfBfGgdf ;x/df a:g]n] a9L vrf{ ug]{ u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . /fi6« a}ssf] of] ;j]{If0f sf]7fdf a;]/ sNkgf u/L agfPh:tf] b]lvG5 . u|fld0f hgtfnfO{ k6Ss} g5f]Psf] /fi6« a}ssf] ;j]{If0f eQf krfpg] d]nf] dfq ePsf] w]/}h;f]n] cg'dfg u/]sf 5g\ .
sG8dsf] vkt a9\of]
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfndf jflif{s ¿kdf kl/jf/ lgof]hgsf] c:yfoL ;fwg sG8dsf] dfu a9L/x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . g]kfn ;Lcf/P; sDkgLsf cg';f/ xfn cf};t k|ltjif{ $ s/f]8 %) nfv uf]6f sG8d vkt x'g] u/]sf] 5 .
sDkgLsf cg';f/ clxn] g]kfnL ahf/df $) y/Lsf sG8d kfOG5g\ . sG8dsf] :t/ cg';f/ ;a}eGbf ;:tf] *) k};fb]lv ;j}eGbf dx+uf] @ ;o %) ¿k}of“;Dd d"Nokg]{ sG8dx¿ pkef]Qmfx¿n] k|of]u ul//x]sf 5g\ . clx]n] ahf/df dlxnfsf] nflu klg sG8d pknAw 5 . Ps k|sf/sf] dfq pknAw dlxnf–sG8dsf] df]n %% ¿k}+of kg]{ hgfOPsf] 5 . k'?ifsf] t'ngfdf k|of]u ug{ c;lhnf] ePsf] sf/0f o;sf k|of]ustf{x¿sf] ;+Vof sd /x]sf] 5 .
lxdgbLx¿ ;'Sg] vt/f a9\bf]
nlntk'/ . hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] gsf/fTds c;/ g]kfndf a9L kl//x]sf] wf/0ff ;DalGwt If]qsf lj1x¿n] JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 x'g;Sg] gsf/fTds Iflt sd ug{ ljz]if ;ts{tf ckgfpg klg pgLx¿n] hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ .
g]kfn lj1fg tyf k|ljlw k|1fk|lti7fg -gf:6+_ sf pks'nklt 8f= xf]dgfy e§/fO{n] hnjfo' kl/jt{gn] ljZjJofkL ¿kdf v8f u/]sf] ;d:of lgs} uDeL/ x'g;S5 eGg'eof] . pxf“n] hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf nflu lhDd]jf/ ;DkGg d'n'sx¿n] o;k|lt ;r]ttf / rf;f] glbP;Dd ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ g;lsg] :ki6 kfg'{ eof] .
zlgaf/ nlntk'/df cfof]lht …hnjfo' kl/jt{g / ;dfwfgdf xfd|f] e"ldsfÚ ljifos uf]i7Ldf sfo{kq k|:t't ub}{ hg:jf:Yo ;+:yfsf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs e"if0f t'nfw/n] ;g\ !(() b]lv ;g\ @!)) sf] aLrdf k[YjLsf] ;txsf] tfkqmd !=$) b]lv %=*) ;]lN;o;n] a[l4 x'g ;Sg] cg'dfg u/]sf] hgfpg' eof] . hn tyf df};d lj1fg ljefusf] Ps cWoog cg';f/ g]kfnsf] cf};t tfkqmd k|ltjif{ z"No bzdnj z"Go 5 -)=)^_ ;]lN;o;n] a[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 . pQm sfo{qmddf Pl;ofsf nflu kfgLsf] d'Vo ;|f]tsf ¿kdf lnOg] g]kfnsf lxdgbLx¿ ;'Sg] vt/f a9]sf] tkm{ lj1x¿n] ;r]t u/fPsf lyP . g]kfndf sl/a # xhf/ @ ;o %@ lxdgbLx¿ 5g\ .
b'O{ cg'xf/ ePsL aflnsf
ef/tsf] gf]P8f /fHodf b'O{cf]6f cg'xf/ ePsL Ps aflnsfsf] hGd ePsf] 5 . hlGdbf cf};t lzz'x¿sf] em} :jf:Yo l:ylt /x]sL lt aflnsfsf cg'xf/sf ;a} c+ux¿ hf]8L 5g\ – b'O{ d'v, b'O{ gfs cflb . Ps dlxgf cl3 hlGdPsL tL lzz'sf] xfn;Dd Gjf/fg ul/Psf] 5}g . sf/vfgf dhb'/ ljgf]bs'df/ / cfdf z'idfsf] ;Gtfgsf] ¿kdf hlGdPsL tL aflnsfnfO{ :yfgLo dflg;x¿n] ;fIfft b]jLsf] ¿kdf k'Hg] u/]sf 5g\ . tL aflnsfsf] vKk/ eg} Pp6} 5 . pgnfO{ xfn;Dd Pp6} d'vaf6 b'w v'jfpg] ul/Psf] 5 .
cgf}7f] /f]usf nIf0f
/f]uL, ljdf/L dflg;n] vfgf w]/} vf“b}gg\ . vfgfdf c?rL x'G5 eGg] xfdL ;a}nfO{ yfxf 5 . t/, …a'lnldofÚ eGg] /f]u nfu]sf] ljdf/LnfO{ !% 306f;Dd lg/Gt/ ?kdf vfgf v'jfO{ /xg' k5{ / af“sL gf}+ 306f ;'Tg lbg' k5{ . …l;Ujf6]/fÚ eGg] /f]u nfu]df tkfO{nfO{ lxp“n] kf]Ng yfN5 / cfuf]sf] /fkn] lr;f]sf] cg'e"lt lbG5 .
o:tf] kf] u'0f †
lrKn] ls/fnfO{ k|foMh;f] ;a} hgf clN5 / nf];] eG5g\ . jf:tjdf To:tf] xf]Og . o;df cbDo Ifdtf x'G5 o;n] cfkm\gf] z/L/sf] tf}neGbf @%÷#) u'0ff a9L u¥x'+uf] ef/L ef]Sg ;S5 . of] /]h/ An]8sf] wf/dflyaf6 klg lx8\g ;S5 . o;n] cfkm" lx8]sf] af6f] slxNo} e'Nb}g .
vfgfeGbf xfjf w]/}
b}lgs ?kdf dflg;nfO{ 8]9 lsnf] 7f]; jf cw{ 7f]; vfgf / ;f9] b'O{ ln6/ kfgL eP k'U5 . t/ xfjf eg] !$ lsnf] rflxG5 . c;n ;+utn] nfdf] hLjg lbg] c;n ;fyLx¿l;t /fd|f] ;DaGw x'g] dflg;x¿sf] cfo' nfdf] x'g ;S5 egL hg{n ckm Plkl8ldof]nf]hL P08 sDo'lg6L x]Nyn] Ps k|ltj]bg tof/ u/]sf]5 . nfdf] cfo' lhpg'df dfjg ;DaGwn] s:tf] c;/ kf5{ eg]/ &) jif{ jf Tof]eGbf a9L pd]/ k'u]sf nueu !, %)) c:6]«lnofnLx¿sf] b; jif{eGbf nfdf] ;do;Dd cWoog ul/Psf] lyof] . s]xL ;fyLx¿l;t dfq eGbf y'k|} ;fyLx¿l;t /fd|f] ;DaGw ePsf JolQmx¿sf] d[To'b/ @@ k|ltztn] sd kfOof] . c?sf] nflu s]xL ul/lbg] ;fyLx¿ x'“bf o;n] ;sf/fTds c;/ u/]sf] kfOof] . h:t} …lg/fzf x6fpg], r'gf}tLx¿sf] ;fdgf ug]{, cfTd;Ddfg sfod /fVg], ;d:ofx¿sf] ;fdgf ug]{, dfgl;s tyf efjgfTds ;Gt'ng gu'dfpg] jf cfkm\gf] hLjgnfO{ lgoGq0fdf /fVg]Ú h:tf If]qx¿df /fd|f] c;/ u/]sf] b]lvof] .
OGwgsf] ¿kdf ux'“sf] k|of]u <
s] OGwgsf] ¿kdf ux'“ afNg' plrt xf] < hd{g cvaf/ k|mf+skm6{/ cfNh]dfOg ;f]G6fU;hfO6'ªn] atfPcg';f/ ux'“sf] efp 3l6/x]sf] / t]nsf] efp al9/x]sf] a]nf, OGwgsf] nflu t]n lsGg' eGbf ux'“ afNg' ls;fgsf] nflu ;:tf] k5{ . ;f9] b'O{ lsnf] ux'“ pdfg{ @) ;]G6 cyf{t\ nueu !% ?lkof“ nfU5 . Tolt ux'“ afNbf lg:sg] tfk / Ps ln6/ t]nn] lgsfNg] tfk a/fa/ x'G5 . hals Ps ln6/ t]nsf] ^) ;]G6 cyf{t\ $% ?lkof“ hlt k5{ . o;sf/0f pQm cvaf/n] eg]em}+ sltko dflg;x¿ ef]sef]s} kl//x]sf] a]nf ux'“ afNg' slQsf] plrt xf]nf eGg] b'ljwf pTkGg x'G5 .
cd]hgdf sL/f uGg] sfd
ls/f;DaGwL ljz]if1x¿ cyf{t\ PG6f]df]nf]lh:6x¿n] cd]hg /]g km/]:6df clxn];Dd ^), ))) hfltsf sL/f kQf nufPsf 5g\ . kmf]Nof cgnfOg cg';f/ cem kQf nufpg af“sL nueu !,*),))) lsl;dsf sL/f ePsf] cg'dfg u/Psf] 5 . xfn Toxf“ @) hgf ls/f ljz]if1x¿ sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . xfn}sf] tYof+sn] b]vfPcg';f/ oL ljz]if1x¿n] b'O{ jif{df kf“r j6f hflt kQf nufP/ To;sf] ljifodf atfp“5g\ . clxn]sf] b/df k|To]s k':tfn] #% jif{ sfd ug]{ xf] klg ;a} sL/f lrlgl;Wofpg () k':tf cyf{t #,#)) jif{ nfUg]5 .
ljZj ahf/df pmhf{sf] cefj
…clxn] Ps c/a ^) s/f]8 hlt dflg; cyf{t\ ljZjsf] s'n hg;+Vofsf] Ps rf}yfO{ dflg;x¿n] lah'nLsf] pkef]u ug{ kfO/x]sf 5}gg\ . clg b'O{ c/a $) s/f]8 dflg;x¿ vfgf ksfpg / tfksf] nflu d'Votof sf]Onf, u'O{7f jf bfp/fdf lge{/ 5g\Ú egL ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3Lo jftfj/0f sfo{qmdåf/f k|sflzt cfj/ Knfg]6 eGg] klqsf atfp“5 . …oL k'/fgf tl/sf ckgfp“bf lg:sg] w'jf“n] ubf{ jif]{gL @% nfv dlxnf / s]6fs]6Lsf] d[To' x'G5,Ú pQm klqsfdf n]lvPsf] 5 .
/fhgLlt / ck/fwsf] ;DaGw
ljsf;f]Gd'v d'n'sdf ;Qf /fhgLltsf] k5fl8 cfk/flws lu/f]xsf] ks8 alnof] x'G5 . vf;u/L ax'bnLok4lt ePsf d'n'sdf /fhgLlts bn / g]t[Tjsf] k5fl8 ;'?b]lv g} cfk/flws lu/f]x alnof] x'“b} cfPsf] x'G5 . s;/L < g]kfnsf] ;Gbe{df ;fdflhs ;'/Iff an cyf{t\ k|x/Ln] of] s'/f a'‰g' k5{ / a'em]sf] xf]nf klg . xfd|f] b]zsf] /fhgLlts cj:yf / ck/fwnfO{ xfdLn] b]lv/x]sf / ef]lu/x]sf eP klg Vofn u/]sf gx'g ;S5f}+ .
Pp6f sfo{stf{ :t/sf] /fhgLlt1 cyf{t\ ljBfyL{, dhb'/ / k];fut If]qaf6 ;dfhdf Ps xb;Ddsf] :yfg agfO{;s]sf /fhgLltssdL{nfO{ x]/f}+ . pgLx¿sf] cfo;|f]t s]xL x'“b}g, b]vfj6L /fhgLlt dfq} x'G5 . t/ pgLx¿sf] hLjg:t/ cf};t hgtfsf] eGbf pRr g} x'G5 .
/fhgLlt ubf{ b}lgsL hLjg ofkg ug{sf] nflu dfl;s jf jflif{s cfo;|f]tsf] af6f] s]xL x'“b}g . xfd|f] jt{dfg cj:yfnfO{ bf“Hg] xf] eg] /fhwfgL If]qdf d'lZsnn] u'hf/f rnfpg dfl;s kf“r xhf/;Ddsf] hflu/n] ;lsPnf < ufx|} k5{ . t/ Pp6f ljBfyL{ jf dhb'/ kmf“6sf] /fhgLlts sfo{stf{sf] x}l;ot x]g'{;\ t † tfs k/] pgLx¿n] r'6\lssf] e/df b}lgs kf“r xhf/ ?lkof“ c?x¿sf] nflu vr{ ug{;Sg] x}l;ot /fV5g\ . Tof] s;/L ;Dej eof] xf]nf < k|x/Ln] cfk/flws sfo{x¿sf] cg';Gwfg ubf{ otflt/ Wofg k'¥ofPsf] b]lvb}g . hgtfn] ;f]Rg] t s'/} 5fl8lb“pm . pN6} vfnL z/L/ lnP/ /fhgLlt ug]{ ;fwf/0f JolQmn] cyfx ;DklQ hf]8]sf] b]Vbf p;n] k|ult u/]sf] 7fGg] xfd|f] dfgl;stf 5 . h;sf] sf/0f ;fdflhs ck/fw km:6fp“bf] qmddf 5 .
ef/tsL rlr{t ;'/Iff clws[t ls/0f j]bLn] Pp6f cfk/flws 36gfsf] cg';Gwfg ub}{lyOg\ . ;e|fGtx¿sf] a;f]af; :yndf lbgx'“ rf]/Lsf 36gf x'g] qmd a9\of] . lgs} kN6 rf]/x¿ kqmfp k/] klg 36gfx¿ /f]lsPgg\ . PskN6 7"n} n'6kf6 eof] . clwsf+z n'6]/fx¿ kqmfp k/] . tTsfn} b'O{ tLg hgf eb| lzlIft h:tf b]lvg] o'jfx¿ uP / lx/f;tdf /x]sf k/]sfx¿ jf:tljs n'6]/f geO{ cfkm\gf] bnsf ;b:o /x]sfn] hdfgLdf 5'6fpg cfPsf] eg] . j]bLn] ef]ln cfpg';\ eg]/ tL o'jfsf] k"0f{ kl/ro l6lkg . pgn] ljutsf rf]/L, n'6kf6sf 36gf ;DaGwL kmfOn kN6fOg\ . w]/} j6f d'2fdf tL o'jfx¿n] hdfgL lbP/ ck/fwLx¿nfO{ 5'6fP/ nu]sf /x]5g\ . pgn] lsg ltgn] ck/fwL 5'6fP/ nu] < lt t /fhgLlts sfo{stf{ x'g\, ;dfhdf OHhltnf] e"ldsf b]lvG5 eg]/ w]/} a]/ ;f]r]kl5 lx/f;tdf /x]sf ck/fwLx¿;“u /fhgLlts sfo{stf{;“usf] ;DaGwsf] af/]df aofg lnOg\ . rsf]{ oftgf lbPkl5dfq pgLx¿n] d'v vf]n]– …rf]/]sf] / n'6]sf] cfwf cfwf u5f}{+ . g]tfx¿nfO{ xfdL yk dfl;s ls:tf klg a'emfp“ 5f}+ .Ú
ef/tsf] of] 36gf g]kfndf b'?:t} nfu" x'G5 / eO/x]sf] 5 . SofDk;df ljBfyL{ ;+u7gsf] /fhgLlt u/]sf] JolQmsf] cfosf] af6f] gx'“b} s;/L crn ;DklQsf] dflns x'G5 < ;fOsn r9]/ ;'? u/]sf] p;sf] /fhgLlts ofqf s;/L hLk sf/df k'U5 < pkTosfdf h'g If]qdf cfk/flws 36gfx¿ a9L dfqfdf 36\5g\ k|x/Ln] cg';GwfgnfO{ ls/0f j]bLsf] sf]0faf6 z'Id 9+un] x]/]/ cl3 a9fpg' plrt xf]nf . vf;u/L ;Dk"0f{ j]/f]huf/ /fhgLltssdL{sf] nfut ck/fw cg';Gwfg sfo{df vl6g] k|x/Ln] /fVg'kg]{ b]lvG5 .
g]kfnL ;flxTosf] v:sbf] 5jL
g]kfnL ;flxTon] h'g /km\tf/ lng'kYof]{, lng ;s]g . g]kfndf /fhgLlts bnx¿s} ;+Vofdf ;flxlTos ;+3–;+:yfx¿ 5g\ . /, /fhgLlts bnsf sfo{stf{x¿s} ;+Vofdf ;flxTosf/x¿ 5g\ . km]/L uhasf] 5 g]kfnL ;flxTo, cgf}+7f] 5 o;sf] lrgf/L / ;dfhdf qmlds ¿kdf uf}/jdo Oltxf;sf] kl/ro u'dfp“bf] qmddf 5 . cfhsf ;h{s / ltgsf l;h{gfnfO{ s] eGg] < c:ki6 /fhgLlts ljifoj:t'dfly n]lvPsf] lgaGw sL dgdf 55lNsPsf] jx < x/]s bn lgs6sf cf–cfkm\g} /fhgLlts kl/ro af]s]sf ;flxTosf/x¿ 5g\ . sf]xL c?n] n]lvlbP/ ;flxTosf/ ag]sf 5g\ . sf]xL c?sf] &% k|ltzt n]vfO x'“b} @% k|ltzt;Dd ;xof]u lnP/ ;flxTosf/df bl/g rfxg] lrGtgdf bl/b|n] jf; u/]sfx¿ 5g\ . sf]xL jf:tjd} ;flxlTos Ifdtfjfgx¿ 5g\ hf], n]Vg] snd / sfuhsf] cefjdf dgsf lt;{gfx¿nfO{ yf“tL /fVg ljjz 5g\ . sf]xL :jb]zL tyf ljb]zL n]vssf l;h{gfx¿nfO{ tfgt'g u/L nDAofP/ dxfg\ ;h{s sxlnPsf 5g\ t sf]xL cfkm}n] n]v]sf] s'/fnfO{ j:t'ut 9+un] AofVof ug{ g;Sg]x¿ klg 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfsf] xfd|f] ;flxTo hutsf] s'g lx;fan] k|z+;f ug]{ <
s'g} a]nf o:tf] lyof] ?;sf k'lZsg,k|mfG;sf cf]gf]/] bf“ afNhfs, O{+un]08sf ls6\;, z]nL / jfo/g, a+ufnsf /jLGb|gfy 6}uf]/ / rLgsf n"–z'gs} ;dtn /]vfdf g]kfnL ;flxTosf/x¿ plePsf lyP . ljZj kl/l:ylt cg';f/ To;avtsf] n]vgL z}nL / l;h{gfsf] lgrf]8 Ps} k|s[ltsf] x'GYof] . ;doqmdnfO{ k5\ofp“b} cfh ljZjsf ;h{sx¿sf] n]vgljlw ef}lts pGglt–k|ultsf] ;dt'No k'u]sf] 5 . wGg g]kfndf uj{ug{ nfos /fi6«slj dfwjk|;fb l3ld/] Pshgf x'g'x'G5 . t/ pxf“nfO{ cfhsf] ;flxlTos x'nn] ltgsf k|sflzt x'g cf“6]sf k':tsdf ;dLIffsf] nfludfq pxf“nfO{ ;lDemg] u/]sf] b]lvG5 . hjsL ;h{ssf] l;h{gfsf] g u'bL x'G5 g ldNbf] cfsf/lbg] af]qmf g} . pN6} a[4 /fi6«sljnfO{ lhNofPsf] h:tf]nfU5 .
cfhsf (( ;o k|ltzt n]vsx¿ pxL k'/fg} 9/f{sf] dfof–k|]d, uGyg / cfkm}nfO{ dxfg\ agfpg] cfTdk/s n]vg, cjf:tljs /fhgLlts wf/sf] 7f8f] jsfnt / o'/f]ksf] bf; o'usflng ;flxTos} ;]/f]km]/f]df 3'd]sf b]lvG5g\ . ;+of]ufGt / laof]ufGtafx]ssf k|ult pGd'v oyfy{ ;fdflhs ljifoj:t'x¿df pgLx¿ lsg k'Ug ;s]sf 5}gg\ . ef}ltsjfbL ;f]r / lrGtgk|l/t kl/sNkgfdf cfwfl/t n]vg cfh;Dd g]kfnL ;flxTodf 3':gg;Sg' g/fd|f] kIf xf] . xhf/f}+ jif{ cufl8 n]lvPsf dxfef/t / /fdfo0fsf syfx¿ / >L :j:yfgL jt{syf tTsflng ;flxTosf/sf kl/sNkgfsf pkh x'g\eGg] ga'em\g] g]kfnL ;flxTosf/x¿ ;fob} xf]nfg\ . clg cfh;Dd lsg hGdg ;s]sf] 5}g h]= s]= /f]lnªsf] h:tf] x\of/L kf]6\6/ <
g]kfnL ;flxTosf] k|ulttkm{sf] wLdfultnfO{ b|"t¿kdf a9fpg] xfdL;+u w]/}eGbf w]/} syf j:t'x¿ 5g\ . ltgdf cfw'lgs lj1fgsf] cf8df klsNkgf ld>0f ug]{ xf] eg] kSs} klg rdTsfl/s s[ltx¿ hlGdg ;S5g\ . To:tf s[ltsf kf7sx¿ w]/} 5g\ . x\of/L kf]6\6/ lsGgs}nflu gof“ lbNnL k'Ug] kf7sx¿nfO{ cfkm\gf s[lttkm{ cfslif{t ug{ lsg g]kfnL ;h{sx¿ c;dy{ 5g\ < hjsL Ps dlxgfleq Ps ;o eGbfa9L ;flxlTos k':tsx¿ k|sflzt eO/x]sf 5g\ . l;Q}df lbPklg k9\g dggnfUg] dfG5g\ kf7sx¿ .
cfhsf] g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ 5'jfpg] :t/sf] l;h{gf ;h{ssf] dl:tisdf hGdg g;s]s} sf/0f kf7sx¿sf] gh/df dgkbf]{ cfw'lgs n]vs ge]l6g' :jefljs} xf] . nIdLk|;fb b]jsf]6f, eLdlglw ltjf/L, e"lk z]/rg, n]vgfy kf}8\ofn, l;l4r/0f >]i7x¿sf] l;h{gfsf ;dsIfL dfwjk|;fb l3ld/]sf] z]vkl5 g]kfnL ;flxTosf] la+8f]yfDg] gof“ k':tf cfh;Dd b]lvPsf] 5}g . cfkm"n] cfkm\g} d"NofÍg u/]sf] cfwf/df c?x¿nfO{ vf]6 b]vfpg] ;flxTosf/x¿sf] sf/0f ;flxTo If]qn] qmdz cfsif{0f u'dfp“b} uO.x]sf] 5 . ahf/df gof“ k':tfsf l;h{gfx¿ eGbf of}gsyfx¿sf] cyfx lalqmx'g'n] oxL ;+s]t u/]sf] 5 .
g]kfnL ;flxTosf] pbfp“bf] k|ultjfbL wf/n] Ps kIfnfO{ ;d]6\g ;Sg' klg /fd|} xf] . t/ htfaf6 klg /fhgLlts bz{g 3';fpg] u/]sf] sf/0f n"–z'g, DoflS;d uf]sL{, ldvfon ;f]nf]vf]j, hh{ agf{8 zfx¿sf] h;/L ;a} kIfnfO{ cfslif{t ug{ ltgsf l;h{gfx¿ c;dy{ 5g\ . of] ;flxTosf] csf]{ g/fd|f] kIf xf] . ;flxTosf jt{dfg ;h{sx¿ htfaf6 klg cfkm\gf] k|z+;fdfq} rfxG5g\ . pgLx¿ kf7sx¿dfem leh'g ls gleh'g dtnj /fVb}gg\ . ;+rf/df 5fpg rfxG5g\ Ps5q ¿kdf . ToxL ;+rf/n] u/]sf] jf:tljs l6Kk0fLnfO{ :jLsf/ ub}{gg\ . htfaf6 klg dxfg\tfsf] avfg cfkm"dfly ul/of]; eGg] rfxG5g\ . slt To:tf ;flxTosf/x¿ klg 5g\ hf] cfkm}n] cfkm\gf] avfg ptf5{g\, 5b\d gfp“wf/L ;dLIfs hGdfp“5g\ / 5fkf ;+rf/df lj1fkg z}nLdf cfkm"n] cfkm}nfO{ dxfg\ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] n]vf]6 5kfp“5g\ . of] sfObfn] clxn] Jofkstf kfO/x]sf] 5 . o:t} lts8dafhL ckgfP/ jt{dfg ;dfhdf k"hgLo ePsf 5g\ w]/yf]/ ;DklQ ePsf ;flxTosf/x¿ . clg s;/L km'Ng ;S5 ca …kfl/hftÚsf] km"n < s;n] b]Vnf / cj …dbgÚ lat]kl5sL …d'gfÚsf] xfnt < – ljho ;'Aaf
ufp“sf s'/f cfpg' k¥of]
xfd|f] 3/ 5]p5fp /fhgLltsf /dfOnf ukmufkm x'G5g\ . cl:tsf] r'gfjnfO{ ;a}n] cf–cfkm\g} sfObfn] AofVof ug]{u5{g\ . SofDk; rf]ssf] lrof k;ndf a:bf ;do ljt]sf] kQ} x'“b}g .
xfd|f] 5]pdf Ps hgf xf]6n Joj;foL 5g\, pgL Pdfn]sf uflj; :t/Lo g]tf x'g\ . o; kN6sf] lgjf{rgdf sf+u|];n] hltsf] klg r'gfj vr{ glbPsf]df Pdfn]b]lv pgL qm'4 5g\ . hfnL / em]nL tl/sf r'gfjdf ckgfp“bf / To;nfO{ ukm dfkm{t c?nfO{ dVv kfbf{ pgL cfkm} xlif{t x'G5g\ . sf+u|];sf] Pdfn]n] / Pdfn]sf] sf+u|];n] ;s];Dd k};f vfg] sfd cl3Nnf r'gfjb]lv g} x'“b} cfPsf] xf] . o;kfnL dfcf]jfbLsf] rf“xL xfdLn] ;'u'/ df/]/ ef]h v'jfof] . d}n] klg cflv/ gof“ g]kfn aGg] eof] vfOlbp“ g t eg]/ afx'gsf] 5f]/f] ePsf] k/jfx gul/sg vfOlbP“ . k;f{ ahf/ dfl:t/ r}gk'/df /f“uf 9fn]/ :yfgLojf;LnfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] tLg lbg;Dd ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd ub}{ ef]h v'jfPsf] eGg] klg ;'lgof], cfkm" t uOPg, b}j g} hfg"g\ . To; If]qdf b/fO{ hfltsf] afSnf] a:tL 5 .
ufp“3/df /fhgLlts ukm uhasf x'G5g\ . g]tfx¿n] af]n]sf km]b g 6'Kkfsf s'/feGbf ufp“n] cyf{t\ df];km;sf hgtfn] a9L jf:tljs s'/f u5{g\ . g]tfx¿sf] t s] s'/f ug'{ / † km6fxf x'g\ h:tf] nfU5 . tkfO{x¿n] To:tf g]tf egfpbfx¿sf] ;se/ ;dfrf/ g5fk] /fd|f] . a? afv|fnfO{ s's'/n] 6f]s]sf], e}+;L ladf/L ePsf] ;dfrf/nfO{ k|fyldstf lbg'xf]nf . hgtfnfO{ To:t} ;dfrf/sf] vf“rf] 5 . To:t} ljifosf s'/f k9\5g\ klg . tkfO{+x¿sf] ofqfn] uGtJo r'df];\ eGg] z'esfdgf ;lxt †
bftf/fd n'O{6]n e/k'/–# lrtjg
/fi6« 6f6 kN6g] df]8df
;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgsf] b'j} kl/0ffd cfP . lhTg]n] lht], xfg]{x¿ xfl/uP . t/ cK7\of/fx¿ a'em\g]n] ca s] ug]{ < cfkm\gf] k|Zgsf] pQ/ cfkm} kfpg ;ls/x]sf 5}gg\ .
dfcf]jfbLnfO{ hgdtn] 7"nf] bn t agfof] t/, p;n] hgo'4sflng cj:yfdf cl3 ;f/]sf pu| gf/fs} sf/0f cfh p;nfO{ d'vsf] ;Qfsf] :jfb cg'ej ug{ gkfp“b} cf]sNg' kg]{ l:ylt pTkGg x'g cf“6\of] .
h'g;'s} /fhgLlts bz{gdf cl8P/ ;Qf ;+rfng ubf{ cfwf/ t cfly{s ;|f]t / kl/rfngs} cfp“5 . dfcf]jfbL cfh /fHo;Qfsf] afu8f]/ ;DxfNg] cf}sftdf t k'Uof] . t/, p;n] hgtfnfO{ ahf/ gLlt / cfly{s /0fgLltsf] ;jfndf :ki6 kfg{ d'l:sn kg]{ b]lvb}5 . lsg t < sf/0f :ki6 5, k"“hLklt, Jofkf/L tyf Joj;flos ju{ / dWod ju{sf] dfcf]jfbLdflysf] cljZjf; .
r'gfjdf lhtfPsf hgtfnfO{ lsg Jofkf/Ln] cljZjf; unf{g\ / < eGg] :t/sf] ;txL ;f]rdf dfcf]jfbL /x]/ hgtfnfO{ k'/fg} nIo / l;'4fGtx¿s} ;]/f]km]/f]df 3'dfp“5 eGg] p;n] ;f]Rof] eg] kSsf 5 ls a}+ssf df}Hbft vftfx¿ ca l/lQg] 5g\ . z]o/ dfs]{6 lug]{ qmd t hf/L e};Sof] g} a}+sdf ljb]zL d'b|f klg ;lsPsf] ;'Ggdf cfPsf] 5 . 8n/ lt/]/ ef/tLo d'b|f vl/b ubf{ /fi6«nfO{ s:tf] Jooef/ k5{ eGg] dfcf]jfbLn] ;f]r]sf] 5 <
c:ki6 gLlt / cb'/bzL{ efjgfs} sf/0f cfh b]zsf] cy{tGq cf]/fnf] nfUb}5 . eGg ;lsGg s'g lbg /fi6« 6f6 klN6G5 / c;kmn /fi6« 3f]if0ff x'g] xf] . ca t ;do u'lh|;Sof] . clxn]af6 ;r]ttfsf;fy sfd yfNbf klg l:ylt ;DxfNg ufx|f] kg]{ b]lvG5 .
–bofnaxfb'/ ljs
lqljlj, sLlt{k'/
l;S6f l;+rfO aGb x'g]
sf7df8f}+ . af“s] lhNnfsf] cu}ofl:yt /fKtL gbLdf lgdf{0f sfo{ e}/x]sf] l;S6f l;+rfO kl/of]hgf l;d]G6 cefjsf] sf/0f aGb x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 .
b}lgs !$ 6«s l;d]G6 vkt x'“b} cfPsf] pQm kl/of]hgf cfGtl/s nufgLsf] g]kfnsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] l;+rfO kl/of]hgf xf] . lrlgof“ sDkgL l;gf] xfO8«f] / n'lDagL h]eLn] ul//x]sf] lgdf{0f sfo{ /f]lsP ;/sf/n] Ifltk"lt{ lbg'kg]{ Joj:yf 5 .
df]afOn z'Ns 36\g]
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn b'/;+rf/ k|flws/0fn] hf/L u/]sf] lgb]{lzsf nfu" ePkl5 df]afOn ;]jfsf] z'Ns 36\g] ePsf] 5 . lgb]{lzsfdf cGt/cfa4tf -;]jfbfos df]afOnaLr_ z'Ns 36fOPsfn] df]afOnsf] z'Ns 36fOg nfu]sf] xf] .
lgb]{lzsfdf df]afOn ;]jfsf nflu cGt/cfa4tf z'Ns a9Ldf %$ k};f dfq} lng kfpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . o;cl3 Ps ?lkof“ %) k};f lng kfpg] Joj:yf lyof] . ;]jf k|bfosx¿n] tLg dlxgfleqdf cfkm\gf] z'Ns k'g/fjnf]sg ug'{kg]{ Joj:yf lgb]{lzsfdf 5 .
zfSo k'gM ;efklt rog
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3sf] !* cf}+ dxflwj]zg ;+3sf k|d'v ;Nnfxsf/ Pj+ jl/i7 kqsf/ /fdrGb| Gof}kfg]sf] cWoIftfdf j}zfv !^ ut] sf7df8f}+sf] PDj];8/ xf]6]ndf ;DkGg ePsf] ;+3åf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 . ;+3sf] !*cf}+ dxflwj]zgn] ;+3sf ;efkltdf d~h' /Tg zfSonfO{ g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3sf] ;efklt kbdf ;j{;Ddltaf6 k'gM lgjf{lrt u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn rf6{8{ Psfp06]06\ ;+:yfaf6 /lhi68{ n]vfk/LIfs Pd=8L=cu|jfnåf/f g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3sf] n]vfk/LIf0f ul/Psf] cf=j=@)^!, @)^@, @)^# / cf=j=@)^$ sf] cfo Joo ljj/0fx¿, jf;nftx¿ tyf n]vfk/LIfssf] k|ltj]bgx¿ ;lxt ;j{;Ddltaf6 kfl/t ul/Psf] 5 .
dxflwj]zgn] ;+3sf] ljwfgdf s]xL bkmfx¿df yk36 / ;+zf]wg klg u/]sf] 5 . ut r}q @* df ;DkGg ;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg kl/0ffdnfO{ g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3 xflb{s :jfut ub}{ b]zdf lbuf] zflGt / /fhgLlts l:y/tf sfod x'g] / ca aGg] ;/sf/af6 k|]; :jtGqtfsf] k"0f{ ;Ddfg x'g] ck]Iff ;+3n] ljz]if k|:tfjdf u/]sf] 5 . ;+3sf] !*cf}+ dxflwj]zgdf b]zsf ljleGg lhNnfx¿af6 efu lng cfPsf kqsf/x¿sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] lyof] . ;+3sf gj lgjf{lrt ;efklt d~h' /Tg zfSon] cf7 ;b:oLo gof“ sfo{ ;ldlt u7g ug'{ePsf] 5 . h;cg';f/ ;+3sf] sfo{ ;ldltsf] dxf;lrjdf lgd{ns'df/ cof{n, ;lrjdf ;'bz{g kGt, hg;Dks{ ;lrjdf df]xgjL/ yfkf / sf]iffWoIfdf k|sfz df:s] /xg' ePsf] 5 . ;+3sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox¿df xl/ uf]kfn k|wfg, /fwf zdf{, / s]zj sfsL{ rog ul/Psf] s'/f ;f] ;+3åf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 . sfo{ ;ldltdf cGo ;b:ox¿ ljwfg cg';f/ kl5 5gf}6 ul/g] klg lj1lKtdf hgfOPsf] 5 .
;u/dfyf cfwf/lzlj/df ;]gf
sf7df8f}+ . rLgn] cf]nlDks Hof]lt ;u/dfysf] lzv/df k'¥ofpg] sfo{qmdsf] 3f]if0ff u/]kl5 lk|m ltAatsf] cfGbf]ng dfkm{t k[ystfjfbL ltAatLx¿n] rLg lj?4 sbd rfNg] / cfufdL cf]nlDksnfO{ k|efljt kf/]/ ljZjsf] Wofg df]8\g] of]hgf agfPsf lyP . vf; u/L ef/t / cdl/sL v]dfsf /fi6«x¿n] k[ystfjfbL ltAatLx¿sf] lk|m ltAat cfGbf]ngnfO{ klxNo}b]lv ;3fp“b} cO/x]sf 5g\ .
cf]nlDks Hof]ltnfO{ rLgn] ltAatL df]x8ftkm{sf] cfwf/ lzlj/af6 lzv/tkm{ k'¥ofpg] k"0f{ tof/Lsf;fy Aoj:yf u/]sf]k|lt s]xL klZrdf zlQmx¿n] To;nfO{ ef“8\g] of]hgf agfO/x]sf] a'em]kl5 rLgn] g]kfntkm{sf] cfwf/ lzlj/df ;'/Iff Joj:yf ug{ g]kfnnfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . ;'?df g]kfnL kIfaf6 cfgfsfgL ug]{ k|of; ePklg clxn] ;u/dfyf cfwf/ lzlj/df g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Ps Knf6'g ;+Vofdf 6's8L vl6Psf] 5 . pQm ;}Go ;'/Iff b:tfn] z+sf:kb nfu]sf cf/f]xLx¿nfO{ cfwf/ lzlj/d}+ vfgtnf;L lng ;S5 . ltAatL k[ystfjfbL cfGbf]ngnfO{ an k'¥ofpg] k|rf/ ;fdu|L e]l6Pdf ;'/Iff ;]gfn] hf] ;'s}nfO{ kmsf{pg ;Sg] k|fKt ;dfrf/df hgfOPsf] 5 . csf]{ k|fKt ;dfrf/ cg';f/ lk|m ltAatsf] Aofg/ af]s]/ ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0fdf uPsf cd]l/sL kj{tf/fxL ljlnod a|fG6 xNof08nfO{ cfwf/ lzlj/df /x]sf] g]kfnL ;]gfn] kmsf{OlbPsf] 5 . sf7df8f}+af6 ;u/dfyf cfwf/ lzlj/tkm{ k|:yfg ug{' k"j{ cf]nlDks Hof]ltnfO{ cj/f]w gk'¥ofpg] zt{df cf/f]xLx¿nf{ cg'dlt lbg] ul/Psf] 5 . xNof08n] klg cf/f]x0fdf hfg'k"j{ To:t} zt{gfdf u/]sf lyP . cfufdL ;fpg @$ b]lv ebf} * ut];Dd rLgsf] /fhwfgL a]Olhªdf cf]nlDks v]nsf] cfof]hgf x'“b}5 . v]nsf] Hof]lt oxL j}zfv @* ut] leq ;u/dfysf] lzv/df k'¥ofpg] sfo{qmd 5 .
ef/tLoåf/f !(%) sf] ;lGw vf/]hLsf] dfu
sf7df8f}+ . df]xg zdz]/sf] kfnfdf ePsf] ;g\ !(%) sf] g]kfn ef/taLrsf] zflGt tyf d}qL ;lGw vf/]h ug'{ kg]{ dfu ef/tLo g]tfx¿n]cl3 ;f/]sf 5g\ . dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08n] ;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGw vf/]h ug]{ dfu u/]kl5 ef/tLo kIfaf6 pQm wf/0ff k|:t't ePsf] xf] . ;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGw vf/]h ug'{ k5{ eGg]x¿df ef/tLo dfcf]jfbLx¿ dfq geP/ cGo s]xL /fhgLlts ;+3 tyf bnsf JolQmx¿ /x]sf] ef/taf6 k|fKt ;dfrf/df pNn]v 5 . pgLx¿n] clxn] g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbLsf kIfdf cfjfh a'nGb ul//x]sf 5g\ .
;g\ !(%) sf] ;lGw vf/]h ug'{ k5{ eg]/ k|r08sf] ;dy{g hgfpg] ef/tLox¿df ef/tLo sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ -dfS;{jfbL n]lggjfbL / l/Eof]n';g/L 8]df]qm]l6s k|mG6 -cf/8LPkm_ k|d'v /x]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] gof“ Joj:yfdf gof“ ;lGw ul/g'kg]{ hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . :jtGq tyf jfd ljZn]ifs cfgGb:j¿k adf{n] g]kfn / ef/taLr gof“ ;lGw x'g'kg]{ hgfPsf 5g\ . ef/t–g]kfn hgPstf d+rn] ut z'qmaf/ cfof]hgf u/]sf] …g]kfndf ;+ljwfg;ef kl/0ffdsf k|efjÚ cGtlqm{of sfo{qmddf ef/tLo g]tfx¿n] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ef/t lj/f]wL g7fGg cfkm\gf] ;/sf/;+u cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ .
pkTosfdf hn qmflGt x'g]
sf7df8f}+ . ef}lts of]hgf tyf lgdf{0fdGqL lxl;nf odLn] /fhwfgL sf7df8f}+df hn qmflGtsf] ;'?jft ug]{ hgfpg' ePsf] 5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosf vfg]kfgL lnld6]8 / sGof pRrdflj O“6fkf]v/Lsf] ;+o'Qm cfof]hgfdf …8Lk 6\o'j]nÚ lgdf{0f sfo{sf] lznfGof; ug'{x'“b} odLn] pQm wf/0ff JoQm ug'{ ePsf] xf] . g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf tkm{af6 sf7df8f}+ If]q gDa/ & af6 ;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf ;b:o ;d]t lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsL dGqL odLn] eGg'eof], …gof“ g]kfn lgdf{0fsf nflu cfly{s qmflGt ckl/xfo{ 5 . cfly{s qmflGtsf nflu ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] qmflGt h?/L 5 / ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] qmflGt eg]sf] hn xf] . cfhsf] o; lznfGof; klg hn qmflGts} Pp6f ;'?jft xf] .Ú sf7df8f}+df /fgLkf]v/Lkl5sf] 7"nf] kf]v/L eP/ klg clxn] O“6fkf]v/Lsf] cl:tTj gePsfn] ca o; kf]v/LnfO{ Jojl:yt u/fO{ df5f / xf“; kfng ul/g] klg dGqL odLn] 3f]if0ff ug'{eof] .
sfo{qmddf sf7df8f}+ vfg]kfgL lnld6]8sf cWoIf ltldnf odLn] b'O{ dlxgfleq} of] of]hgfnfO{ k"0f{tf lbg] hgfpg' x'“b} o; of]hgfaf6 k|ltlbg bz nfv ln6/ kfgL lgsfnL b'O{ lbgdf Ps k6s :yfgLo:t/df kfgL ljt/0f ul/g] hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .
ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{sf] HofbtL
emfkf . ef/tLo ;Ldf ;'/Iff an -P;P;aL_ sf hjfgx¿n] g]kfnL e"lddf /x]sf ufp“j:tLdf k|j]z u/L g]kfnLx¿dfly s'6lk6 u/L 3fOt] t'NofPsf ;dfrf/x¿ wdfwd¿kdf cfO/x]sf 5g\ . emfkf 6f3g8'Aaf $ sf d';;]s cfnd / ;f]xL uflj; ^ sf gDa/ j8fsf ;fd dxdb ef/tLo ahf/ lbonj}+saf6 ut ;fdfg lsgd]n u/L 3/ kmls{/x]sf a]nf P;P;aLsf hjfgn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfjdf ef]6 s;nfO{ xfNof}+ eGb} s'6lk6 u/]sf] kLl8tx¿n] hgfPsf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLsf 6f3g 8'Aaf ufp“ ;]qm]6/L Hofa'n xsn] P;P;aLn] ef]6 s;nfO{ lbof}+ eGb} s'6lk6 u/]sf] bfjL u/]sf 5g\ . o;}aLr ef/tLo s]Gb|Lo ;/sf/sf] cfb]z adf]lhd ef/tLo ;Ldf ;'/Iff ann] alb{of lhNnf;“u hf]l8Psf g]kfn ef/t ;Ldf gfsfdf cfjt–hfjtsf nflu kl/rokqsf] Joj:yf nfu" u/]sf] 5 . lagf kl/rko kq s;}nfO{ klg cfjft ug{ glbPsf] u'gf;f] ofq'n]x¿n] hgfPsf 5g\ . alb{of;“u ;Ldfgf hf]l8Psf ;a} gfsfx¿ ef/tn] aGb ul/;s]sf] 5 .
lghL c:ktfnsf] dfu ;'lgPg
sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/n] lnPsf] efiff k/LIffdf pQL0f{ ePsf blIf0f sf]l/of hfg] sfdbf/x¿sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0f lghL If]qsf c:ktfnx¿n] ug{ gkfpg] ePsf 5g\ . sf]l/of k'lu;s]kl5 klg :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ul/g] / c;kmn ePdf g]kfn kmls{g'kg]{ ePsfn] ;/sf/n] k/LIf0fdf s8fO{ u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .
lghL If]qsf c:ktfnn] cfkm"n] klg :jf:Yo k/LIf0f ug{ kfpg'kg]{ dfu ub}{ cfPsf lyP . sfdbf/x¿sf] :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] lhDdf kfpg]df jL/ c:ktfn, lzIf0f c:ktfn, kf6g c:ktfn / s]Gb|Lo k|of]uzfnf 6]s" /x]sf 5g\ . sfdbfx¿n] !) lbgleq :jf:Yo k/LIf0f u/L ;Sg'kg]{ 5 . :jf:Yo k/LIf0fsf] nflu ;/sf/n] %% cd]l/sL 8n/ z'Ns tf]s]sf] 5 . t/ lghL c:ktfnx¿n] pQm z'Ns & u'0ff a9L dx+uf] ePsf] hgfp“b} cfPsf 5g\ . hfgsf/L cg';f/ !* b]lv #( jif{;Ddsf sfdbf/dfq sf]l/of hfg kfpg]df !$ b]lv %$ jif{;Ddsfn] efiff k/LIff pQL0f{ u/]sf 5g\ .
ljBfyL{x¿ k':tsaf6 al~rt
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