dw]zL cl:tTjsf] zflGtk"0f{ n8fO{ clGtd df]rf{df
dgf]hs'df/ s0f{
…b y8{ j]e M 8]df]qm]6fO{h]zg Og n]6 6\j]lG6y\ ;]Gr'/LÚ sf n]vs ;}d'n kL= xlG6Ëgn] cfˆ gf] n]vx?df vf;u/L ;g\ !((# lt/ tfgfzfxL /fHo Joj:yfaf6 d'n's ha k|hftflGqss/0f x'G5, To;a]nfsf] ;+qmd0fsfndfyL a9L hf]8 lbPsf 5g\ . pgn] cd]l/sfsf] ax'–hflt, ld;g/L /fhgLlts ;+:s[ltsf] agfj6df alnof] /fli6«otfnfO{ Pstfa4 kfg]{ ;"qsf] ?kdf lbnfPsf 5g\ . v/fa / c;n eg]/ Ps csf{nfO{ bf]iff/f]k0f u/]/ ul/g] h'g ;+3if{ -tfls{s b]lv lx+;f ;Ddsf]_ xf], Tof] o:tf] ;+qmd0fsfnLg cj:yfdf ljleGg ;Eotfsf] ljsf;aLrsf] 6Ss/
-Sn}z ckm l;lenfO{h]zg_ n] ubf{ xf] egL pgL k|i6 kfb{5g\ . pgn] cd]l/sfdf dfq x}g ls ;+;f/e/L g} x'g] o:tf ;+3if{sf sf/s dfgj ;Eotf Oltxf;af6 ;ft÷cf7j6f nfO{ lng] u/]sf 5g\ —klZrdL
-o"/f]k / pQ/ cd]l/sf_, sGˆ o'l;og,hfkfgL, d'l:nd, lxGb", s§/ cyf]{8]S;, n}l6g cd]l/sL / clk|msL . pgL ;Eotf
-l;lenfOh]zg_ nfO{ kl/eflift ug{ klg kl5 kb}{gg\ / eG5g\– ;Eotf Pp6f o:tf] pRr jf k"0f{ ljsl;t ;+:s[ltsf] ;d"xLs/0f xf] / h;sf] cTolws jf 6f9f;DDf klxrfg xf] h;n] o:t} kl/efiffsf] csf]{ dflg;;Fu km/s 5'§ofO{lbG5 .
cd]l/sf h:tf] b]zsf] cWoog g]kfnsf] nfuL cToGt alnof] cfwf/ x'g ;S5 . t;y{, d o:tf s'/fx?sf] rrf{ ug]{ ub{5' . cf]l/PG6]lnHd k|f]h]S6sf Pp6f vDaf dflgg] cWoogstf{ O{8jf8{ ;O{b hf] dWok"j{sf x'g\ / klZrdf tyf cd]l/sLx?sf] wf/df k"jL{ Plzog, clk|msL / d'l:ndx?k|lt s:tf 5g\ , To;sf] cWoog ug]{ JolQm x'g\ tyf h'g ljifo gg\–j]i6g{ eGg] Ps;o k"0ff{+ssf] efudf Pg=P= c+u|]hL bf];|f] jif{df k9\g'kb{5_ n] c/aLx?nfO{ cd]l/sLx?n] s;/L x]/]sf 5g\ jf klZrdfx?n] To;nfO{ s;/L efiffdf lnlka4 u/]sf 5g\, To;sf] cWoog u/]sf 5g\– ctfls{s, cljZjZgLo, klZrdf lj/f]wL, a]O{dfg, cft+sL -qf;sf] sf/0f_ / cfˆ g} vfn] . cyf{t\, d'l:ndx? klZrdf jf cd]l/sLx?sf] nfuL dfyLsf oL g} zAbsf] ljz]if0f af]Sg]x? x'g /] Û gg\–j]:6g{ cyjf O{i6 -k"jL{_ cWoogleq g]kfn klg kg]{ ePsf]n] pRr lzIffsf] ;jf]{Rr sIffdf g]kfndf o:tf s'/fsf] k9fO{ x'G5 . t/ g]kfn b]zsf oL g} kf7\oqmd rogstf{ ;/sf/ xfFSg] -u}/dw]zLx?_, k7g–kf7g u/fpg] / ug]{x? g]kfnleq o:tf c/aLx? u}/dw]zL -kxf8L_ sf ;fd' dw]zLx? x'g\ eGg] s'/f] lsg klxrfg ub}{gg\ < klxrfg u/]/ Jojxfl/s lzIff lsg k|bfg ub}{gg\ jf lzIffyL{n] o:tf Jojxfl/s 1fg lnP/ lsg k|of]u ub}{gg\ < cyf{t\, oxfFsf] lzIff k/LIff ptL0f{ ug]{
-ljBfyL{sf nfuL_, rs–8:6/ 3;L k};f sdfpg] -k|fWofkssf nfuL_ dfq 5g\ . clg o:tf k9fO{Psf / k9]sf cg'ejxLg ljBfyL{ sfd gkfP/ ljb]zdf s'NnLsf] sfd t ug]{ xf] gL < olb oL lzIfs, k|fWofks, ljBfyL{n] cfˆ gf] z'4 1fg b]z, ;dfhdf afF8]sf] eP cfh g]kfnleq} dw]zLn] efifLs, ;f+:s[lts, af}l4s, P]ltxfl;s, ef}uf]lns / /fhgLlts cflb cfGtl/s pklgj]z lsg ;xg'kb{Yof] / < lsg cfh b]zsf] ljifd kl/l:yltdf dw]zLsf] nfuL Pp6f OdfGbf/ u}/dw]zL lgi7fjfg JolQm e]6\b}gYof]xf]nf–h;n] xfnsf] ;fDk|bflostf 36fpg oL b'O{ ;d'bfoaLr ;]t'sf] sfd ug]{
lyof] < cyf{t, of t c1fgL eP jf ljZjljBfno ;+jfxsx?nfO{ d s;/L c1fgL eg'F < pgLx? …1fgkfkLÚ eP .
g]kfnleq cd]l/sf em}+ cg]sy/L hft–hftL, ;Eotf / ;+:s[ltsf dfG5]x? 5g\ . d s]xL pbfx/0fLo ljj/0f tn lbG5' , h;n] b]vfpg]5 sf]–sxfFaf6 cfPsf x'g\ < To;df ;do cGt/fndf k|d'v b'O{ -pkTosf sf7df08f} tyf dw]zdf klg h'g ;fDk|bflostf e8\lsg] 8/n] d clxn] tL b'O{ ;d'bfo jf hftsf] gfd pNn]v ug{ rfxFlbg . df}sf k/] csf]{ n]vdf :ki6 kfl/lbg] 5' lsgls pgLx?sf] P]ltxfl;s k"0f{ ljj/0f d h'6fO{;s]sf] 5'_ g]kfnsf ;d'bfox? b'O{ 5'§f–5'§} ;d'bfo tyf hftsf dfG5]af6 pTkGg ePsfn] cfkm} o; pkTosf / dw]zsf ljz'4 wtL{k"q xf}+ eGg] s'g} dfGotfdf cfwfl/t j}1flgs k|df0f glbO{ s]xL xTof/fsf] e/df wlDs lbg 6fpsf prfln/x]sf 5g\ . of] s'/f Plss[t g]skf dfcf]jfbL -k'if @* df hgdf]rf{ / dfcf]jfbL cfˆ g} k'/fg} ;+/rgfdf k'u]sfn]_ sf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn …k|r08Ú n] @)^% df3 ! ut]sf lbg df3L kj{sf] cj;/df alb{ofsf] 7fs'/åf/df Pp6f sfo{qmddf pQm ;d'bfo dw]zLnfO{ …/fd|f] yKk8 lxsf{Psf]Ú eGg'n] dfyLsf] d]/f] cf/f]knfO{ an k'Ub5 / dw]zLaLr …rf]/Ú kl;;s]sf] s'/f k|i6 x'G5 . xltof/ ;d]t SofG6f]Gd]G6af6 lbO{ eufO{lbO{ km/f/ ePsf] gf6s klg /lrPsf] 5 , dfcf]jfbLaf6 . olt u/]/ klg dw]zLl;t ;fw' ePsf] gf6s ug]{, PSsfO{zf}+ ztflAbsf d"v{x? Û
k"j{ /fhf 1fg]Gb|sf k"j{hx?
-zfxx? _ sl/a kfFr;o jif{ cl3 ef/tsf] lrtf}9af6 efu]/ cfPsf l;;f}lbof /fhk"tx? x'g\ . To;}u/L h+u axfb'/ s'Fj/ /f0ff cfkm"x? ;ftf}+ k':tfsf d"nwf/ lrtf}8 -ef/t_ b]vfPsf 5g\ eg] yfkf, a:g]t, If]qLx? /fhk"tgflt/sf] k"lj{of, s'dfO{ tyf ;/al/of afx'gx? sGgf}hlt/sf cfkm"x? xf}+ egL b]vfPsf x'g\ . olx+sf v; af]Ng] c?x? bdfO{, sfdL, ;fsL{, kfsL{, cf]8x? klg 5g\ . logLx? lxdfnL v; x'g\ t/ lxdfn cfh hGd]sf] tyf u0f]z, h'un, cGGk"0f{, ;u/dfyf dfq / o; g]kfnleq xf]O{g\ . ef/t nufot cGo b]zdf klg lxdfn 5g\ , ;a} lxdfnnfO{ g]kfns} eGg' afnskg b]vfpg' tyf c1fgL x'g' xf] . Oltxf; cg'dfgsf] cfwf/df gn]lvO{ k'i6 k|df0fsf] cfwf/df n]lvG5 Û To:t} /fhj+zLx? s'rljxf/af6 , lnDa"x? Nxf;f, l;lSsd, sfzL, bflh{lnËaf6, cGo afx'gx? ef/tsf sflZd/, s'df?, uf}8, pl8;faf6, n]Krf jf nfKr] l;lSsd, bflh{lnË, sflnª\kf]ª\af6, z]kf{x? ef/t / e"6fgaf6, lwdfnx? ef/tLo / ltAatLsf] ld>0f, du/x? x+u]/Lsf cflbaf;L dUof/;+u glhs /x]sf tyf ef/tsf x'0f;+u klg, u'?Ë -td'_ ef/tsf] cf;fd / bflh{lnËaf6, w'n]nx? nf+uf / pgsL kTgL w'nL ufFpsf ;Gtfg x'g\ . To;}u/L lwdfn, ;tf/, emFfu/, /fhj+zL, tfhk'l/ofx? Ps csf]{ k|;+udf ef/tsf] cf;fd /fHosf] u'jfxf/L l:yt sfdfVof dlGb/sf] jl/kl/af6 g]kfndf k;]sf x'g\=== . g]kfnsf slt o:tf u}/dw]zLx?sf] hfgsf/L lbpmF d < d]/f oL hfgsf/LdfyL ;xL÷unt eg]/ O{iof{n', b'ZdgL / ;fDk|bfoLs eO{ s;}n] cf}+nf 78\ofpg] eP zfob Tof] cf}+nf o; ev{/ …g]kfnÚ gfdfs/0f ul/Psf] d'n'ssf] tNnf]b]lv dflyNnf] Oltxf; lz/f]dl0f ;Ddsf] kbn] lje"lift dfG5] ;d]t dfyL 7l•g hfg]5 Û
ca ljrf/ u/f}+, g]kfndf ljut Oltxf;b]lv cfh;Dd ;f/f+z agfpFbf ef/t, x+u]/L, ltAat, e'6fg, l;lSsd cflb If]qaf6 dfG5] oxfF cfPsf x'g\ / xfndf oftfoft, cWoog If]q lj:tf/, lj1fg, Jofkf/ If]q j[l4 ePsf]n] tyf g]kfn klg olx ljZjdf PSsfO{zf+} ztflAbdf /lx/x]sf]n] oL b]zx?afx]s ;f/f ljZjs} dflg;x? ljleGg k|;+un] oxfF cfpg]–hfg] u/]sf x'g\ . wd{ kl/jt{gn] plQs} o;df 6]jf k'¥ofO{/x]sf] 5 . ;fy} oxfFsf dfG5] klg ;f/f ljZjdf k'lu/x]sf 5g\ . s] g]kfn ;fgf] ePklg cd]l/sf em}+ c;dfg ld>0fsf cg'kd pbfx/0fLo b]z xf]O{g < ca, oxfFsf dfG5]sf] h'g xfn klxrfgsf] ;d:of 5 vf;ul/ bf];|f] hgcfGbf]ng @)^# j}zfv !! ut]kl5, Tof] rflx+ o; n]vsf] z'?d} n]lvPsf] xlG6Ë6gsf] efiffdf w]/} xb;Dd ljleGg ;Eotf tyf ;+:s[ltlarsf dfG5]sf] cfk;L v;|f]kgf xf] . dw]zLx? :jtM ef/taf6 cfPsf x'g\ . dw]zLsf] Oltxf; Pp6f 86\k]gsf] l:k|ª
-hfo/_ em}+ 3'ld/x]sf] 5 . jf;'b]j s[i0fn] sf7df08f} pkTosf -w]/} kl5 gfdfs/0f ePsf] ;fy} dWob]z÷x[bok|b]z÷dlHemd b]z÷dw]zsf pQ/L cltqmldt e"–efu nufot kxf8 / h+unL efusf] gfd g]kfn klg w]/} otf rnfv ef/taf6} cfPsf dw]zL eGbf leGg zf/Ll/s /+u, km/s gfs, cfs[lt ePsf] u}/dw]zLaf6 ul/Psf] xf]_ nfO{ a:gof]Uo e"–efu O{=k"= #!#& b]lv O{=k"= #!#! lar agfpFbf o; pkTosf bxleq laR5L, ;k{,Eofu'tf, df5f, u+u6f cflb g} lyP, t/ dfgj lyPg Û ;fwf/0f dfgj lbdfujfnfn] klg of] s'/f a'‰g ;Sb5 . To;kl5 /fHo;Qfsf] g]t[Tj 3fd kl5 5fofF em}+ dw]zL–u}/dw]zLlar e}/x]sf] 5 . olx oxfFsf] Oltxf; klg xf] . uf]kfn, dlxifkfn -s[i0fj+zLx?_, xF'b} P3f/f}+ ztfAbLdf l;d/f]gu9 -af/f_ sf] /fhf gfGob]jaf6 ;nx]; /fhf, rf}wf}+ ztfAbLdf ToxL+ l;d/f]gu9 nufot sf7df08f} pkTosf ;d]tdf /fhf xl/l;+xb]j, dxf/fgL b]jnb]jL, /fhs'df/ hut\l;+x cflb x'Fb} zfxj+zLo dw]zL Oltxf;
-lt/x'ltof kmf}h cflb_ cfh;Dd hNbf]aNbf] g} 5 . oxfF n]v nfdf] x'g uO{/x]sf] lrGtfn] ;of}+ dw]zL gfd tyf k|df0f cflb d /f]Sb} kl5 dw}zLsf] nfuL cfO{k/] u}/dw]zL jf xfnsf] …g]kfnÚ sf] ;jf]{Rr lgsfo;+u dfq a;L k|df0f le/fpg] jfrf ub}{ clxn]nfO{ cl3 a9\b} 5' .
qmdz M
zflGt;'/Iffdf u[xk|zf;g c;kmn
ldq;]g bfxfn
zflGt;'/Iffsf] cefj
;+ljwfg;ef lgjf{rgdf g]kfnL sf+u]|; k/flht x'g'df ;a}eGbf a9L e"ldsf zflGt;'/Iffsf] /xg uof] . g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf sfo{stf{ / dtbftfx?sf] ;'/Iff slxF st]af6 x'g ;s]g . of] ljifo cxd\ aGof] . dgn] sf+u]|;nfO{ ef]6 lbg rfxg] dtbftfx?n] cfkm\gf] ;'/Iffsf nflu klg dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ef]6 xfNg afWo eP . r'gfjsf lbg;Dd t g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf :yfgLo g]tfx? cfP/ aflnlbg] eP . t/, r'gfj ;lsgf;fy s]Gb|d} kms{g] / k'gM csf]{ r'gfj cfPkl5 dfq lhNnf k:g] g]tfsf] ljutb]lvsf] k|j[lQnfO{ hgtfn] /fd|/L a'em]sf lyP / :yfgLo :t/df ;w}+ /xg] dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{x?;Fu cxf]/fq p7a; ug'{kg]{ ePsfn] cfkm\gf] cfTd/Iffsf nflu eP klg dtbfg dfcf]jfbLsf kIfdf ug{ afWo lyP .
;fdfGo dtbftfx?sf] t s'/} 5f]8f}+, pDd]bjf/ cfkm}+ lx+;fsf] l;sf/ eP . k|wfgdGqLsf] :jsLo ;lrj eO;s]sf] JolQm g} r'gfj ;efx?df dfcf]jfbLsf] lx+;f / cft+saf6 k|tfl8t aGg'k¥of] . sltko uflj;x?df t g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf] k|rf/ ;fdu|Lx? g} dfcf]jfbLn] n'l6lbP eg] sltko uflj;x?df dfcf]jfbL HofbtLsf s/f0f sf+u]|; sfo{stf{x?n] r'gfj k|rf/ g} ug{ ;s]gg\ . sf+u]|;sf pDd]bjf/, sfo{stf{ / dtbftfx? ;a} dfcf]jfbL wDsLsf] tf/f] aGg'k¥of] / dfcf]jfbL lx+;fTds Hofbltsf cufl8 ;a} gtd;ts aGg afWo x'g'k/]sf] lyof] .
zflGt;'/Iffsf] ;Dk"0f{ lhDd]jf/L lnPsf] ;/sf/L ;'/Iff lgsfo r'gfjdf k'/} lgis[o /xg uof] / ;lqmo eOuP klg dfcf]jfbLsf] O;f/fdf dfq x'g] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] lyof] . olt;Dd ls clwsf+z DofbL k|x/Lx? dfcf]jfbL ;dy{s lyP / ;'/IffsdL{x?sf] dgf]an klxn] g} dfcf]jfbLx?n] lu/fO;s]sf lyP . xf/]sf] dgl:ylt lnP/ lxF8]sf ;'/IffsdL{n] s;/L zflGt;'/Iff sfod ug{;S5 < u[xdGqfno sf+u]|;sf] g]t[Tjdf lyof] t/ lhNnf–lhNnfdf k|x/L k|zf;g s;sf] O;f/fdf rNYof], Tof] cg'dfgdfq nufpg ;lsGYof], jf:tljstf s;}n] JoQm ug{ ;Sb}gYof] .
:yfgLo dtbftfx?n] vf]h]sf] zflGt;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf pDd]bjf/n] lbg ;s]gg\ . r'gfjdf sf+u]|; xfg'{sf] d'Vos8L of] klg xf] . zflGt;'/Iffsf] s'/f u|fdL0f If]qdf cToGt} ;+j]bgzLn eP/ /x]sf] s'/f t pDd]bjf/ afns[i0fn] r'gfj xf/]kl5 dfq yfxf kfP / clxn] pgL k|x/L k|zf;g d"sbz{s eP/ /x]sfn] dfcf]jfbLsf] dgf]an a9]sf] eGb} cfO/x]sf 5g\ . crDd 5, pgL cfkm}+n] /f]h]/ nu]sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L / l8P;kLn] s;/L dfcf]'jfblsf] dgf]an a9fP . olt dfq xf] / < o;eGbf cufl8sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L / l8P;kLnfO{ k|hftflGqs sf+u]|; glhssf] eGg] cf/f]k nufP/ 5f]6f] ;dodf g} cGoq ;?jf u/fO{ k|zf;g / k|x/Ldfkm{t\ If]q g+= ! df afns[i0f bfxfnafx]s c?n] r'gfj lhTg ;Sb}g, If]q g+= @ df k]|d/fh /fO{n] r'gfj lhTb}lhTb}g eGg] gSsnL l/kf]6{ gofF ;?jf eP/ hfg] k|zf;g k|d'v / k|x/L k|d'vn] ;/sf/nfO{ lbg'kg]{ zt{ lyof] /] eGg] klg g;'lgPsf] xf]Og . cfkm"n] oqf] s;/t u/]/ nu]sf k|zf;g / k|x/L k|d'vn] pg}nfO{ r'gfj x/fP eGg' slt Gofof]lrt 5 <
lj8Djgf k|wfgdGqLsf :jsLo ;lrj tyf :jod\ pDd]bjf/n] /f]h]/ nu]sf k|zf;g / k|x/L k|d'vsf] e"ldsf c:ki6 eof] eg] cGo lhNnfsf] cj:yf s:tf] lyof]
xf]nf < lgjf{rg ;lsPkl5 :jod\ pDd]bjf/ k|zf;gsf] lj?4df v'n]/ nfu]sf 5g\ . s'g g}ltstfsf] cfwf/df cfkm}+n] /f]h]/ nu]sf JolQmsf] lj/f]w pDd]bjf/ åon] ul//x]sf 5g\ < of] crDdsf] ljifo ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/L ;'/IffsdL{x? cfkm}+ c;'/lIft ePsf] ;+s]t kfPkl5 :yfgLo dtbftfx?n] sf+u]|;nfO{ ef]6 lbP/ c;'/lIft x'g'eGbf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ ef]6 lbO{ ;'/lIft x'g' pQd 7fg] .
hgdt gePsf :yfgLo sf+u]|;L g]tfx?nfO{ ;/sf/L ;'/Iff k|bfg ul/Psf] 5/ hgfwf/ ePsfx?nfO{ ;'/Iffsf] bfo/fleq /fVg] k|of;;Dd klg gePsf] s/0f To:tf JolQmx? :yfgLo dtbftfx?;dIf hfg ;s]gg\ . kof{Kt zflGt;'/Iffsf] cefjdf sf+u]|;sf b'a} If]qsf pDd]bjf/x? %^ j6} uflj;x? / ltgsf b'u{d If]qx?df hfg ;s]gg\ . To;sf] gsf/fTds c;/ r'gfjsf lbg b]lvof] . cyf{t\ 6f9fsf dtbftfx? ;'/Iffsf sf/0f dtbfg s]Gb|;Dd cfPgg\ . cfkm\gf] ;'/Iff cfkm}+ ug{ ;Sg] / cfkm\gf] kIf alnof] x'g] sf+u]|;x? dq dtbfg ug{ lgl:sP eg] dlxnf / j[4j[4fx? hfFb} uPgg\ eg] klg x'G5 . oxfF;Dd ls pDd]bjf/sf] cfkm\g} uflj;df klg Go'g dtbfg eof] . ha ls o;eGbf cufl8sf lgjf{rgx?df pDd]bjf/x?sf] uflj;df pDd]bjf/sf] kIfdf cTolws dt v:g] u/]sf] lyof] . e/kbf]{ zflGt;'/Iffs} cefjsf sf/0f ;a} dtbftfx? dtbfg s]Gb|df cfPgg\ . g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf pDd]bjf/, g]tf tyf sfo{stf{x?n] To:tf JolQmx?nfO{ ;d]6]/ ;'/Iffsf] k|Tofe"lt lbg ;s]gg\ . r'gfjtfsf lhNnf ;'/Ifflgsfo k'/} lgis[o /x]sf] x'Fbf To;sf] k|ToIf c;/ r'gfjsf lbg k¥of] . h;af6 klg g]kfnL sf+u]|;sf] k/fho x'gnfO{ an k'Uof] .
