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7f8f] x:tIf]kdf plqof] ef/t
sf7df8f}+ . bzjif{ nfdf] ;z:q åGåaf6 x}/fg / ylst ePsf g]kfnL hgtfn] csf]{ csNkgLo åGå ;fdgf / k|ltsf/sf nflu tDtof/ /xg'kg]{ afWofTds cj:yf g]kfnsf] ;+3f/df v8f ePsf] 5 . g]kfnsf ;+;bjfbL lsQfsf ;Dk"0f{ zlQm / g]kfnsf] cfGtl/s dfdnfdf lg0ff{os :yfg /fVb} cfPsf ef/t / cd]l/sfn] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ pgLx¿sf Ph]08fdf lx8fpg] k|lqmofnfO{ tLj| t'NofPsf 5g\ . t/ dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] ;+;bjfbL / afx\o zlQmsf Ph]08fdf lx8\g grfx]sf] cj:yfn] g]kfndf csNkgLo / eofjx gof“ åGå ;[hgfsf] cfwf/ tof/ x'g] jftfj/0f b]lvPsf] 5 . gof“ åGåsf] l:yltdf g]kfndf ljb]zL ;]gf g} lelqg ;Sg] ;Defjgf k|an ag]sf] ljZn]if0f ljZn]ifsx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] kz'kltdf k'hf/L lgo'lQmsf] k/Dk/fdf qmd e+u u/]sf] ljifonfO{ lgx'“ agfP/ ef/tLo zf;s ju{ g]kfndf 7f8f] x:tIf]ksf] tof/Ldf k'u]sf] 5 . ef/tLo hgtf kf6L{ / lxGb' d7fwLzx¿sf] cu|;/tf / ;lqmotfdf g]kfnsf dfcf]jfbL Ot/sf bn / zlQmx¿nfO{ PsLs[t / ;+ul7t u/]/ lxGb" wd{sf] cfj/0fdf g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ nfO{ ;QfRo"t u/]/ cGttM ;dfKt kfg]{ uDeL/ if8oGq z'? ePsf] a'lemPsf] 5 . g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ n] b]zleqsf ;+;bjfbL / b]z aflx/sf ef/t / cd]l/sfsf] ;+o'Qm u7aGwg;dIf cfTd;dk{0f ug{ gdfg]sf] v08df wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts cGtlj{/f]w rsf{P/ g]kfnnfO{ hah{:tL u[xo'4df xf]d]/ ;f] u[xo'4sf] cf8df ljb]zL ;]gf k|j]z u/fpg] /0fgLlt cg'¿k tLn cfsf/sf] kz'kltgfy e§ k|s/0fnfO{ kxf8 agfpg yflnPsf] 5 . oxL axfgfdf dfcf]jfbL g]t[TjnfO{ cfTd;dk{0f u/fpg] bfpdf ef/t tlNng b]lvPsf] 5 .
sl/a #% nfv ef/tLo gful/snfO{ g]kfnL gful/s agfpg, g]kfnsf ;Dk"0f{ d]3f k|f]h]S6x¿ ef/tLonfO{ ;'lDkg / k"jL{ g]kfnsf] efUo / eljionfO{ clglZrttfsf] cGwsf/df ws]n]/} ePklg sf]zL gbLdf xfO{ 8ofd\
-pRr af“w_ lgdf{0fdf ;xdltdf k'u]sf] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjn] olt l56} ef/tLo zf;s ju{ cfkm\gf] kf6L{ lj?4 gsf/fTds x'g] sNkgf lglZro klg
u/]sf] lyPg . /fhtGq ;dfKt ePkl5 dfcf]jfbL ;f] kf6L{s} kl/ro / Ph]08fdf ef/tsf] clxt gx'“bf;Dd ;Qfdf l6Sg lbg] ljZjf; ef/tLo zf;s ju{n] lnPsf] :ki6 ePsf] 5 . t/ ca Tof] l:ylt gx/]sf] kl/k|]Iodf dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ 9fNg] s;/tdf ef/tLo zf;s kIf hd]/ nfu]sf] 5 . kz'kltgfysf] anL j]bLdf dfcf]jfbLnfO{ xf]d ug]{ ef/tsf] if8\oGqn] r/d¿k wf/0f ul/;s]sf] 5 .
gof“ lbNnLsf] o; if8\oGqk|lt dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj klg ;r]t ag]sf] nIf0f b]lvPsf] 5 . To;}n] klg ef/tLo lxtdf /x]sf] g]kfnsf bnx¿aLrsf] !@ a'“b] ;dembf/Lsf] hfnaf6 pGd'lQmsf] k|of;df dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tj /x]sf] 5 . !@ a'“b] ;dembf/L;“u ;DalGwt bn dWo] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ / g]skf -Pdfn]_ aLr gof“ …sf7df8f}+ ;dembf/LÚ sfod u/L lbNnL ;Demf}tfnfO{ c;fGble{s / cf}lrToxLg k|dfl0ft ug]{ s;/t klg e}/x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . of] hfgsf/L kfP/ g} ef/tLo rnv]nn] g]kfndf tLj|tf lnPsf] / rLgn] klg 7f8f] gh/n] x]l//x]sf] 5 .
k|wfgdGqL / k"j{ /fhfsf ;dfg k|ltlqmof
sf7df8f}+ . tLg ;o jif{eGbf k"/fgf] ef/tLo gful/s k'hf/L a:g] kz'kltgfysf] k/Dk/f ca tf]l8Psf] 5 . ljut sfndf Jofks lj/f]w x'“b} cfPsf ePklg ef/tLo gful/snfO{ k'hf/L /fVg] k/Dk/fdf kl/jt{g ug]{ lxDdt s;}n] ug{ ;s]sf lyPgg\ . jt{dfg kz'klt If]q ljsf; sf]ifn] k'hf/L kl/jt{g ug]{ dfq geO{ g]kfnL gful/snffO{ g} k'hf/L /fVg] lg0f{o u/]/ #)) jif{ k'/fgf] k/Dk/fnfO{ tf]8\g] ;fxl;s sfd u/]sf] 5 .
kz'klt If]q ljsf; sf]ifn] u/]sf] ;f] ;fxl;s sfdsf] eg] ljleGg If]qaf6 lj/f]w z'? ePsf] 5 . lj/f]wsf sfo{qmdx¿ wfld{s ;b\efj g} vNanfpg]lt/ lgb]{lzt gxf]pg eGgfsf vflt/ ;a}eGbf klxn] k"j{ /fhf 1fg]Gb| zfxn] d'v vf]n]sf] kfO{of] . k"j{ /fhfaf6 …kz'kltgfynfO{ /fhgLlts ljjfbeGbf dfly /fVg ;a};“u cfu|xÚ ul/Psf] lj1lKtn] cfOtaf/ k|sflzt ;a} klqsfx¿df dxŒj kfof] .
k"j{ /fhfaf6 kz'kltgfynfO{ /fhgLlts ljjfbeGbf dfly /fVg cfu|x u/]sf] ef]lnkN6 ;f]daf/ k|wfgdGqL
k|r08sf] k|ltlqmof klg ;fj{hlgs eof] . k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] klg k"j{ /fhfn] em}+ …kz'kltgfydf gof“ k'hf/L lgo'lQmsf] ljifonfO{ /fhgLlts /+u glbgÚ cg'/f]w ug'{ ePsf] l6Kk0fL ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . k"j{ /fhfn] ;~rf/sdL{ dfkm{t cfkm\gf] k|ltlqmof ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] ef]lnkN6} k|wfgdGqLn] r'/] efj/ Pstf kf6L{sf cWoIf s]zj d}gfnLdfkm{t cfkm\gf] k|ltlqmof ;fj{hlgs ug'{ ePsf] 5 .
o;}aLr ef/t / g]kfnsf ef/tk/:tx?af6 Jofks bjfj k/]kl5 k|wfgdGqL k|r08n] kz'kltdf k'hf/L lgo'lQm k||s/0fnfO{ /fhgLlteGbf dfly p7]/ k"j{jt\ cj:yfdf ef/tLo e§x?nfO{ g} k"hf ug{ lbg] arga4tf ;bg ;fd' k|s6 u/]/ lxhf] ;bgnfO{ :tAwt agfpg' eof] . g]kfnL sf+u|];n] klg k|wfgdGqLsf] of] k|lta4tfsf] :jfut ub}{ wd{ lg/k]If d'n'sdf ljleGg wfld{s :ynx?af/] b[li6sf]0f :ki6 kfl/g'kg]{ cfjZostf ;bgdf cf}+NofPsf] 5 .
;]gfn] u'dfPg ;Gt'ng
– k|wfg;]gfklt /Iff dGqfnodf
– ;]gfnfO{ e8\sfpg vf]Hg]x¿ lx:;
– ægg\O:o"ÆnfO{ æO:o"Æ gagfpg cg'/f]w
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnL ;]gfnfO{ pS;fP/ d'n'sdf cGof]ntf ;[hgf ug]{ / ToxL cGof]nk"0f{ cj:yfaf6 :jfy{l;4 ug{ vf]Hg] s]xL JolQm tyf ;d"xx¿ cGttM lx:; x'g k'u]sf 5g\ . ;]gf / ;/sf/aLr le8Gt u/fpg k|oTg/t tTjx¿nfO{ lg/fz t'Nofpg cfjZos lyof], Tof] sfddf k|wfg;]gfklt ?sdf+ub s6jfnn] ;kmntf kfpg' ePsf] ljZn]if0f lj1x¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .
;]gfsf] l/Qm :yfgx¿df kbk"lt{sf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ ;/sf/ / ;}lgs d'VofnoaLr s]xL c;dembf/L a9]sf] lyof] . Tof] c;dembf/LnfO{ cem a9fP/ wldnf] kfgLdf df5f dfg{ vf]Hg] tTjx¿ ;lqmo ePsf lyP . t/ Tof] c;dembf/LnfO{ c? cufl8 a9\g glbg k|wfg;]gfklt ?sdf+ub s6jfnn] /Iff dGqfnodf pkl:ylt hgfP/ ;a}nfO{ …t} r"k d} r"kÚ agfO{lbg' ePsf] 5 . of] ;]gfsf] ;+odtfsf] pRr d"NofÍg ug'{kg]{ ljifo lj1x¿n] 7fg]sf 5g\ . ;]gfn] ;+odtf u'dfpg] xf] eg] d'n'snfO{ eLif0f /Qmkftaf6 s;}n] /f]Sg g;Sg] ljZn]if0f pgLx¿sf] 5 .
a'waf/ /IffdGqL /fdaxfb'/ yfkf -afbn_ nfO{ e]6L k|wfg;]gfklt s6jfnn] g]kfnL ;]gfn] ;/sf/nfO{ cK7\of/f] kfg]{ sfd slxNo} gu/]sf] :d/0f u/fp“b} ;/sf/ / ;]gfaLr c;dembf/L a9fP/ kmfObf lng vf]Hg] tTjx¿sf] r+u'ndf g]kfnL ;]gf slxNo} gkg]{ :ki6 u/fpg' ePsf] /Iff ;|f]tn] hgfof] . /Iff dGqfnoaf6 k|wfg;]gfklt aflxl/g nfUbf ;+rf/sdL{x¿sf] 7"nf] eL8 pkl:yt lyof] . ;+rf/sdL{x¿n] k|wfg;]gfkltnfO{ af]Ng afWo agfpg vf]Hbf klg k|wfg;]gfklt s6jfnn] s'g} O:o" g} gePsf] / lgoldt e]63f6 ePsf] egL hjfkm lbg' ePsf] lyof] . /IffdGqL /fdaxfb'/ yfkf …afbnÚ nfO{ k|wfg;]gfkltn] ;]gfdf gof“ egf{ lng vf]h]sf] geP/ o;aLrdf ePsf l/Qm :yfgx¿sf] kbk"lt{ ug{ vf]h]sf]n] o;df ;/sf/ ;]gfk|lt ;z+lst aGg' kg]{ s'g} sf/0f gePsf] :ki6 kfg'{ ePsf] ;|f]tn] hgfof] . e]6df s6jfnn] ;/sf/sf] gLltlgod cg';f/ g} g]kfnL ;]gf rn]sf] / ;]gfn] slxNo} ;/sf/sf] lgb]{zg kfngf ug{ cfgfsfgL gu/]sf] wf/0ff /fVg' ePsf] ;|f]tn] hgfof] . k|wfg;]gfkltn] gg\ O:o"nfO{ O:o" gagfpg klg /IffdGqLnfO{ cg'/f]w ug'{ ePsf] ;|f]tn] hgfof] .
d'n'ssf] /fli6«otf / /fli6«o cv08tfdf cl8u g]kfnL ;]gfn] obfsbf ;/sf/nfO{ ;d]t oL ;jfnx¿df ;f]Rg afWo t'Nofp“b} cfPsf] 5 . ;Ldf cltqmd0f / g]kfnL e"lddf ljb]zL ;}Go SofDkh:tf ultljlwx¿df g]kfnL ;]gfn] /fhgLlts bnsf ;/sf/sf] cfb]z klv{g'kg]{ l:yltn] ubf{ e"ldsfljxLg cj:yfdf ;]gf /x]sf] 5 . olb /fhgLlts ¿kdf ;]gfn] cfkm"nfO{ cu|;/ u/fpg rfx]sf] eP afx\o x:tIf]ksf ultljlwx¿df klg ;]gf cfkm}+ cu|;/ x'g] lyof] . /fhgLltdf ;lqmo x'g] cj;/ g]kfnL ;]gfn] ljutdf gkfPsf] klg xf]Og . /fhfsf] ;]gfsf] cf/f]k v]Kb} cfPsf] g]kfnL ;]gf /fhtGq ;dfKt x'gnfUbf ;d]t df}g /x]/ /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] lg0f{onfO{ cfTd;ft u/]sf] 5 . slyt /fhfjfbLx¿af6 ;]gf b'¿kof]u x'g rfx]sf] eP olt ;lhn} /fhtGqsf] cGTo x'g] / u0ftGq :yfkgf x'g] sNkgf s;}n] u/]sf lyPgg\ . g]kfndf u0ftGq :yfkgf x'g'df g]kfnL ;]gfsf] e"ldsfnfO{ gsfg{ g;lsg] ljZn]if0f lj1x¿sf] /x]sf] 5 . ;]gfnfO{ e8\sfpg /fhfjfbLx¿ klg gnfu]sf xf]Ogg\ . k/Gt' ;]gfn] ;+odtf gu'dfP/ kl/jt{gnfO{ :jLsfb}{ cfPsf] 5 / g} /fhf gful/sdf ¿kfGtl/t eP/ a;]sf] l:ylt ljBdfg 5 .
clxn] klg g]kfnL ;]gfn] cfkm\gf] ;Gt'ngnfO{ u'Dg lbPsf] 5}g . s'g} klg zlQmsf] kIfdf gnfu]/ g]kfnL ;]gfn] g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;femf zlQmsf] :yfg agfPsf] 5 . olb ;]gfn] ;Gt'ng u'dfP/ s'g} zlQmsf] kIfdf pleg] xf] eg] b]zdf k"0f{ ¿kdf /Qmkft dlRrg] s'/fdf z+sf 5}g .
/fh:jsf] km\nfO{ª\ :Sjf8
sf7df8f}+ . /fh:j cg';Gwfg ljefun] z+sf nfu]sf ljleGg Jofkf/Lx¿sf uf]bfddf 5fkf df/]/ …:6s 5fgaLgÚ ug]{ sfo{nfO{ tLj|tf lbPsf] ljefusf dxflgb]{zs 6+sdl0f zdf{n] hfgsf/L u/fpg' ePsf] 5 . ;z:q k|x/Lsf] yk ºnfO{ª\ :Sjf8 v8f u/]/ /fhZj u:tLnfO{ cufl8 a9fOPsf] pxf“sf] egfO{ 5 .
ljefun] s]xL ;dootf /fhZj u:tLnfO{ clw/fHoJofkL ¿kdf tLj|tf lb+b} cfPsf] 5 . /fh:jsf] ljz]if u:tLsf nflu sf]xnk'/, O6x/L, a'6jnnufot b]zsf ljleGg :yfgx¿df ;z:qsf ºnfO{ª :Sjf8x¿ v8f ul/Psf] hfgsf/L dxflgb]{zs zdf{n] lbg'eof] . …;z:q u:tL ljefusf] lgoldt k|lqmof xf]Ú zdf{sf] syg 5, …t/ s]xL ;dootf o;nfO{ tLj| kfl/Psf] 5 .Ú
ut;ftf ljefun] /fhZj 5n]/ leœofO{Psf] cfz+sfdf nfvf}+sf d"Nojfg 38Lx¿ kqmfp u/]sf] lyof] . tL 38Lx¿ g]kfnsf Pshgf gfd"b t:s/sf] ePsf] yfxf x'g cfPsf] 5 . clxn] To;sf af/]df 5fgaLg eO/x]sf] klg dxflgb]{zs zdf{n] hgfpg'eof] .
/fh:jsf] of] cleofgn] dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ e|i6frf/lj?4df lqmofzLn x'“b}5 eGg] ;Gb]z k|jfx u/]sf] 5 . hg;fwf/0fdf /fh:jsf] cleofgsf] ;sf/fTds k|efj kl//x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
ltAat 6'qm\ofpg ;z:q tof/L
sf7df8f}+ . ef/tsf] lxdf~rn k|b]zdf lgjf{l;t hLjg ljtfO/x]sf bnfO{ nfdf ;z:q ljb|f]x u/]/ ePklg rLgaf6 ltAatnfO{ 6'qmofP/} 5f8\g] dfgl;stfdf k'u]sf 5g\ . nfdfsf k|ltlglwx¿ tyf pgnfO{ ltAatsf gfddf rLglj/f]wL ultljlwdf k|of]u ub{{} cfPsf cGt/f{li6«o ;d"xx¿sf] tLj| bafadf nfdf o:tf] dfgl;stfdf k'u]sf] ;|f]tsf bfjL 5 .
ltAatL :jfoQtfsf nflu rLglj?4 k|efjsf/L sbd rfNg pgL dfly tLj| bafa kb}{ cfPsf] 5 . cfkm\gf ;xof]uL ;d"x¿af6} ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] ljsNk gePsf] lg:sif{ lgsflnPkl5 nfdf ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] of]hgf agfpg] ;f]rdf k'u]sf 5g\ . pgn] s]xL ;do cl3 8f]s]sf] cfkm\gf ;xof]uLx:?sf] cfsl:ds a}7sdf o:t} lgZsif{ pgsf ;xof]uLx¿n] lgsfn]sf lyP . ljz]ifu/L ltAat of]ª sf+u|]; / ltAat cf]dg Pzf]l;o;g gfds ;+u7gx¿n] o:tf] bafa lbPsf lyP .
To;}u/L ltAatnfO{ :jtGq agfpgsf nflu s8f sbd rfNg rLglj?4sf] ultljlwdf lqmofzLn JolQm tyf ;+:yfx¿sf k|ltlglwx¿sf] ;d"xn] klg bafa lbO/x]sf 5g\ . k6s k6ssf jftf{x¿ c;kmn
/x]sfn] ljb|f]xsf] tof/Ldf h'6\g pgLx¿sf] ;'emfj /xg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . o:tf ;d"xx¿sf ;do ;do uf]Ko ¿kdf a:g] a}7sx¿df o:tf cfjfhx¿ tLj|¿kdf p7\g] u/]sf 5g\ . sf]/ ltAat ;kf]6{ u|'k gfds ;+u7gsf gfddf xfn} ef/tdf a;]sf] Ps a}7sdf t s]xL JolQmx¿n] cfqmf]z ;d]t JoQm u/]sf lyP . bnfO{ nfdfn] o;sf] g]t[Tj ug{ ;Sb}gg\ eg] pgsf] lgjf{l;t ;/sf/sf] ljsNk vf]h]/ ePklg ;z:q ljb|f]xsf] tof/L ug{ l9nf ug{gx'g] pgLx¿sf] egfO lyof] .
ljZjsf ljleGg :yfgx¿df lgjf{l;t hLjg latfO/x]sf ltAatL ljb|f]xLx¿ rLglj/f]wL ultljlwx¿df ;+nUg 5g\ . ljz]ifu/L g]kfn / ef/tdf o:tf ultljlwx¿ uf]Ko ¿kdf ;+rfng x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . JolQmut nfesf nflu jf ef/t, o'/f]k jf cd]l/sfsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf sltko g]kfnL tyf ef/tLox¿n] pgLx¿sf rLglj/f]wL ultljlwx¿df u'Kt ¿kdf ;3fp“b} cfO/x]sf 5g\ .
kz'kltdf klg rLgnfO{ cf/f]k
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn lxGb" /fi6« /x“bf / /fhtGqfTds zf;g Joj:yf /x“bf;Dd a8fu'?Ho"sf] l;kmfl/;df /fhfaf6 k'hf/L lgo'Qm ug]{ k/Dk/f lyof] . ca /fhf g/x]sf cj:yfdf u0ftflGqs ;/sf/n] g} kz'kltdf k'hf/L lgo'lQm ug'{ :jfefljs} dfGg ;lsG5 . t/ kz'klt dlGb/df kz'klt If]q ljsf; sf]ifn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfnL k'hf/L lgo'Qm ug]{ gof“ k/Dk/fsf] yfngL u/]nuQ} g]kfndf eGbf a9L ef/tdf o;sf] rsf]{ lj/f]w z'? ePsf] 5 . ef/tLo g]tfx¿ g]kfn;Dd cfP/ ;/sf/nfO{ ef/tLo k'hf/L g} /fVg bafa lbg], 3'Sof{pg] / wDSofpg];Ddsf lqmofsnfkx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ . ef/tLo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf cWoIf;lxtsf] ef/tLo 6f]nL clxn] g]kfndf 5 .
g]kfnsf ef/tLo ef6x¿nfO{ lj/f]wdf prfNg] / k|wfgdGqL nufotsf ;/sf/L pRr kb:yx¿;“u e]6L lg0f{o lkmtf{ lng bafa lbg];Ddsf sfdx¿ Tof] 6f]nLn] u/]sf] 5 . ef/tLo g]tfx¿n] kmf]g u/]/ ;d]t k|wfgdGqL k|r08nfO{ lg0f{o lkmtf{ lng bafa ;[hgf ul//x]sf 5g\ .
k'hf/L lgo'lQm ljifonfO{ lnP/ ef/tLo ldl8ofx¿af6 klg k|kf]ufG8f z'? ul/Psf] 5 . Toxf“sf ;+rf/dfWodx¿n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] of] lg0f{onfO{ …lrlgof“ :j/Ú sf] ldYof cf/f]k nufpg ;d]tkl5 k/]sf 5}gg\ . ut d+unaf/ …k~hfj s];/LÚ gfdsf] Ps ef/tLo b}lgs klqsfn] …ljz]if ;DkfbsLoÚ k|sflzt ub}{ …dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] g]kfndf lrlgof“ bAbafnfO{ a9fpg d2t k'¥ofO{/x]sf] / Pslbg rLgn] g]kfnnfO{ cfkm\gf] e"lddf ufEg ;Sg] hgfPsf] 5 . pQm klqsfsf] ljz]if ;DkfbsLodf g]kfndf ag]sf lrlgof“ z}nLsf ;8s 5]psf /]lnª / ejgx¿ ;d]t cfklQsf ljifo ag]sf 5g\ . g]kfnk|lt ljleGg cfwf/xLg cf/f]kx¿ nufpg klqsfn] lgn{Hhtf b]vfPsf] 5 .
Pp6f :jtGq /fi6«sf x}l;otn] g]kfndf cjl:yt kz'klt dlGb/df s;nfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ eGg] s'/f g]kfnn] g} lg0f{o ug]{ s'/f xf] . Pp6f :jtGq /fi6«n] cfkm\gf] wfld{s cf:yfsf] s]Gb|df ljb]zL gful/snfO{ xfnL d'xfnL ug{ lbg' eg]sf] bf;tf :jLsf/ ug'{ h:t} g} lyof] . h;nfO{ ;/sf/n] tf]8]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] of] lg0f{o cfd g]kfnLsf] efjgf cg's"n cfPsf] 5 . lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;jfndf s'g} sdhf]/L 5 eg] ;RofO{xg'k5{, sfg'gsf] cefj 5 eg] To;sf] ;+zf]wg ug'{k5{ t/ k/Dk/fsf gfddf PsfO{zf}+ ztfAbLdf cfP/ klg ljb]zLsf] bf;tf :jLsf/ ug]{ s'/f g]kfnLx¿sf nflu :jLsfo{ x'g g;Sg] cledt ;j{q ;'Gg kfOPsf] 5 .
kz'kltdf ;/sf/n] u/]sf] lg0fo{sf] lj/f]wdf tTsfn ;8sdf pqg]x¿n] ef/tn] jiff}{b]lv g]kfndfly ub}{ cfPsf] lyrf]ldrf]dfly lsg df}gtf b]vfPsf 5g\ < ljleGg :yfgdf g]kfnL l;dfgf ldlrPsf 5g\, v'n]cfd ef/tLo ;]gf g]kfnL e"lddf xltof/;lxt k|j]z ug]{ u/]sf 5g\, ;Ldf If]qdf af“wx¿ lgdf{0f u/]/ xhf/f}+ x]S6/ g]kfnL e"ld ef/tn] 8'afgdf kfb}{ cfPsf] 5 . oL ofjt s'/fx¿k|lt lj/f]w gug]{x¿af6 kz'kltdf ef/tLo gful/snfO{ k'hf/L /fVg bafa e}/xg' cfZro{sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 .
df3af6 sDn/L d'Qm
bfª . bfª lhNnf ca sDnx/L d'Qm lhNnf x'g] ePsf] 5 . sDnx/L d'lQmsf nflu ;+3if{ u/L /x]sf ;+3 ;+:yfx¿n] df3 dlxgfaf6 bfªnfO{ sDnx/L d'Qm lhNnf 3f]if0ff ul/g] atfPsf 5g\ . sDnx/L /fVg kfO{b}g, sDnx/L dQm 3f]if0ff u/, sDnx/L /fVg]nfO{ sf/afxL u/ nufotsf gf/f ;lxt sDnx/L d'lQmsf nflu ;femfd~rn] bfªsf] 3f]/fxLdf h'n'; k|bz{g u/]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf :jfgsf s[i0f rf}w/L, ;xof]u ;dfhsf ub'nfn rf}w/L nufotsf jQmfn] rf8} g} o; sDnx/L
k|yfnfO{ h/}b]lv pv]Ng' kg]{ s'/fdf hf]8 lbPsf lyP . sfo{qmd ;femfd~rsL ;lrj cgf/ snL rf}w/Lsf] cWoIftfdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] .
Pdfn]df rsf]{ ljjfb
sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -Pdfn]_ leq hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfb
-hah_ sf] ¿kdf /x]sf] ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ / cNkdtsf] k|ltkIfsf] cjwf/0ff kl/dfh{gsf] ljifodf rsf]{ dtleGgtf pTkGg ePsf] 5 . kf6L{ k|wfg sfof{no aNv'df ut cfOtaf/ a;]sf] :yfoL ;ldltsf] a}7sdf ax'dtsf] ;/sf/ cNkdtnfO{ ;+j}wflgs ;'/Iff / ;'lglZrttf;DaGwL k|:tfj;lxtsf] /fhgLlts k|ltj]bg dxf;lrj emngfy vgfnn] k|:t't u/]kl5 ljjfbn] pu|¿k
lnPsf] lyof] . :yfoL ;ldlt a}7sdf g]tfx¿ hah kl/dfh{g, ;+3Lotf, ;dfg'kflts, cNkdtlagfsf] /fli6«o ;xdltsf] ;/sf/nufotsf ljifodf cjwf/0ff jf l;4fGt s] x'g] eGg] ljifosf] lg:sif{df k'Ug g;s]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .
;fN6 6]«l8ªdf v'zLofnL
sf7df8f}+ . ljleGg cf/f]kx¿ nufP/ ;fN6 6]«l8ª skf]{/]z;gsf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[taf6 x6fOPsf k/d]Zj/ dxf;]7nfO{ sDkgL af]8{sf] d+unaf/ a;]sf] a}7sn] k'gj{xfnL ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
;+rfns ;ldltsf] ax'dtsf] lg0f{o eGb} )^# ;fpgdf dxf;]7nfO{ x6fO{Psf] lyof] . s]xL JolQmx¿n] of]hgfa4 ¿kdf if8\oGq u/]/ cfkm"nfO{ sfo{sf/L k|d'vaf6 x6fOPsf] pxf“sf] egfO 5 . …t/ clxn] sDkgL af]8{n] dnfO{ Gofo lbPsf] 5Ú pxf“n] eGg'eof]–…;Tosf] ;w} hLt x'G5 eGg] o;n] k|dfl0ft u/]sf] 5 .Ú cl3Nnf] lbg dxf;]7 lj?4 ljleGg klqsfx¿df ;fN6 6]«l8ªsf] ah]6 b'¿kof]u u/]sf]
k|rf/afhL ul/Psf] lyof] . ;f]xL lbg a;]sf] sDkgL af]8{n] dxf;]7nfO{ k'gj{xfnL ug'{sf ;fy} dxf;]7 lj?4 nfu]sfx¿ % hgfnfO{ %÷% xhf/ ?lkof“ hl/jfgf ;d]t ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . dxf;]7sf] k'gj{xfnLkl5
;fN6 6]«l8ªsf sd{rf/Lx¿n] v'lzofnL dgfPsf 5g\ . dxf;]7nfO{ x6fpg e"ldsf v]Ng]x¿n] u/]sf e|i6frf/hGo ultljlwsf] e08fkmf]/ ug{ kfO{g] ef] eGb} sd{rf/Lx¿ v'zLn] ub\ub\ ePsf 5g\ .
g]kfnL e"lddf csf]{ ef/tLo ;}lgs SofDk
sf7df8f}+ . ef/tn] g]kfnL e"ld dflysf] cltqmd0f cem} /f]s]sf] 5}g . b]zsf ljleGg ;Ldf If]qx¿df g]kfnL e"ld ldRb} cfPsf] ef/tn] kl5Nnf]kN6 Onfdsf] cGt'df g]kfnL e"lddfly cltqmd0f u/]sf] 5 .
ef/tLo ;Ldf ;'/Iff an -P;P;aL_ n] g]kfnsf] sl/a @) /f]kgL g]kfnL e"ld sAhf u/L Toxf“ SofDk v8f u/]sf] 5 . ef/tLo jg sfof{non] g]kfnlt/sf] hUuf gfk]/ P;P;jLnfO{ SofDk agfpg :jLs[lt lbPkl5 ;f] g]kfnL hUufdf clxn] SofDk lgdf{0fsf] sfd wdfwd z'? eO/x]sf] 5 . P;P;jLsf kf]i6 O~rfh{ h]P; ;]/fjtn] ;d]t ;f] hUuf g]kfn tkm{sf] ePsf] :jLsf/ u/]sf 5g\ t/ ef/tLo jg sfof{nosf] ;'lvof /]~hkf]i6n] ;f] hUuf cfkm\gf] ePsf] bfaL
ub}{ :yfoL SofDk lgdf{0fsf nflu cg'dlt lbPsf] pgn] hgfPsf 5g\ . ef/tn] o:tf c? ;of} 7fp“x¿df g]kfnL e"ld ldRg] sfd u/]sf] 5 . h;sf] vf]haLg ePs} 5}g . g]kfnL e"ld sfnfkfgLdf jiff}{b]lv ef/tLo ;]gfn] sAhf hdfP/ a;]sf] 5 . sfnfkfgL ;DaGwdf g]kfn / ef/tsf pRrtxdf k6s–k6s jftf{ ePklg To;sf] ;dfwfg cem} x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . g]kfn ;/sf/sf] nfrf/L kgsf sf/0f g]kfnn] cfkm\gf] e"ld qmdzM u'dfp“b} hfg'k/]sf] ;Ldf If]qsf hgtfsf] u'gf;f] /xg] u/]sf] 5 . ;Ldf ldlrPsf] va/ kfPkl5 ;f] If]qdf k'u]sf] k|lhc ;lxtsf] g]kfnL 6f]nLn] g]kfnL ;Ldf ldlrPsf] k|dfl0ft ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . lhNnf k|zf;g sfof{no Onfdn] ;f] sf] hfgsf/L kqdfkm{t u[xdGqfnodf k7fO{;s]sf] 5 . ;Ldf cltqmd0f /f]sL ;Ldf If]qsf] Joj:yfkg ug{ ;/sf/n] tTsfn kxn ug'{kg]{ dfu ljleGg bnsf g]tf tyf :yfgLo jf;Lx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ .
dfcf]jfbLleq} ;+3if{ ;ldlt
sf7df8f}+ . g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf sfo{stf{x¿ g} kf6L{leq v/fa k|j[lQx¿ b]lvPsf] eGb} To;sf lj?4 ;+3if{df plqPsf 5g\ . ;+o'Qm df]rf{ ;+3if{ ;ldltsf gfdaf6 pgLx¿n] kf6L{ leqsf To:tf k|j[lQx¿sf lj?4 ;+3if{df plqg' k/]sf] hgfPsf 5g\ .
lnDa'jfg /fli6«o d'lQm df]rf{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o uh]Gb| kfn'ªjfsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ul7t ;f] ;+3if{ ;ldltdf
kf6L{sf ljleGg @# j6f df]rf{sf sfo{stf{x¿ cfj4 /x]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . ;ldltsf ;+of]hs kfn'ªjfn] kf6L{leqsf] kmf]xf]/ d}nf x6fpgsf nflu ;f] ;+3if{ ;ldlt lgdf{0f ul/Psf] :ki6 u/]sf 5g\ . g]tfx¿df e|i6 k|j[lQ a9\b} uPsf] hgfp“b} To:tf JolQmx¿sf] e08fkmf]/ ul/g] pgn] hgfP . lxhf] s]xL gePsfx¿ cfh s;/L PsfPs s/f]8klt ag] < To:tf g]tfx¿k|lt ;+s]t ub}{ pgn] eg]sf 5g\ .
kmf]/ddf lj:kmf]6
sf7df8f}+ . ;+;bdf t];|f] 7"nf] bnsf] ¿kdf /x]sf] dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d 6'lqmg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf] 5 . bnleqsf] ljjfb tLj| aGb} uPkl5 kf6L{sf tkm{af6 ;/sf/df ;xefuL dGqLx¿sf lj?4df x:tfIf/ cleofg ;d]t ;+rfng eO/x]sf] 5 . kmf]/dsf] lxhf] l;+xbaf/df a;]sf] ;+;bLo bnsf] a}7s ;d]t ljjfbsf sf/0f ljgf lg:sif{ 6'+luPsf] 5 .
kf6L{sf tkm{af6 dGqL ePsfx¿n] df]rf{ / ;/sf/aLr )^$ kmfu'gdf ePsf] ;Demf}tf ljk/Lt sfd
u/]sfn] pgLx¿nfO{ ;/sf/af6 tTsfn x6fpg dfu ub}{ kmf]/dsf ;ef;b\x¿n] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfPsf 5g\ .
%@ hgf dWo] #^ ;ef;b\x¿åf/f x:tfIfl/t ;f] 1fkgkqdf pgLx¿nfO{ ;/sf/af6 x6fO;s]kl5 ;dfj]zLsf cfwf/df kmf]/dsf tkm{af6 ;/sf/df ;xefuL x'g cGo JolQmx¿nfO{ k7fO{g] hgfOPsf] 5 . pgLx¿n] kf6L{sf] ;r]tsaf6 /fdhgd rf}w/L / ;+;bLo bnsf] g]tfaf6 ljhos'df/ uR5]bf/nfO{ lgnDag ug{ ;+ljwfg;efsf cWoIf ;'jf; g]DjfªnfO{ kq k7fPsf 5g\ . lxhf]sf] a}7sdf ;d]t ;ef;b\x¿n] dGqL / kf6L{ g]t[Tjsf] rsf]{ lj/f]w u/]sf lyP .
kz'kltdf klg rLgnfO{ cf/f]k
sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn lxGb" /fi6« /x“bf / /fhtGqfTds zf;g Joj:yf /x“bf;Dd a8fu'?Ho"sf] l;kmfl/;df /fhfaf6 k'hf/L lgo'Qm ug]{ k/Dk/f lyof] . ca /fhf g/x]sf cj:yfdf u0ftflGqs ;/sf/n] g} kz'kltdf k'hf/L lgo'lQm ug'{ :jfefljs} dfGg ;lsG5 . t/ kz'klt dlGb/df kz'klt If]q ljsf; sf]ifn] k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmfl/;df g]kfnL k'hf/L lgo'Qm ug]{ gof“ k/Dk/fsf] yfngL u/]nuQ} g]kfndf eGbf a9L ef/tdf o;sf] rsf]{ lj/f]w z'? ePsf] 5 . ef/tLo g]tfx¿ g]kfn;Dd cfP/ ;/sf/nfO{ ef/tLo k'hf/L g} /fVg bafa lbg], 3'Sof{pg] / wDSofpg];Ddsf lqmofsnfkx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ . ef/tLo ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf cWoIf;lxtsf] ef/tLo 6f]nL clxn] g]kfndf 5 .
g]kfnsf ef/tLo ef6x¿nfO{ lj/f]wdf prfNg] / k|wfgdGqL nufotsf ;/sf/L pRr kb:yx¿;“u e]6L lg0f{o lkmtf{ lng bafa lbg];Ddsf sfdx¿ Tof] 6f]nLn] u/]sf] 5 . ef/tLo g]tfx¿n] kmf]g u/]/ ;d]t k|wfgdGqL k|r08nfO{ lg0f{o lkmtf{ lng bafa ;[hgf ul//x]sf 5g\ .
k'hf/L lgo'lQm ljifonfO{ lnP/ ef/tLo ldl8ofx¿af6 klg k|kf]ufG8f z'? ul/Psf] 5 . Toxf“sf ;+rf/dfWodx¿n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] of] lg0f{onfO{ …lrlgof“ :j/Ú sf] ldYof cf/f]k nufpg ;d]tkl5 k/]sf 5}gg\ . ut d+unaf/ …k~hfj s];/LÚ gfdsf] Ps ef/tLo b}lgs klqsfn] …ljz]if ;DkfbsLoÚ k|sflzt ub}{ …dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] g]kfndf lrlgof“ bAbafnfO{ a9fpg d2t k'¥ofO{/x]sf] / Pslbg rLgn] g]kfnnfO{ cfkm\gf] e"lddf ufEg ;Sg] hgfPsf] 5 . pQm klqsfsf] ljz]if ;DkfbsLodf g]kfndf ag]sf lrlgof“ z}nLsf ;8s 5]psf /]lnª / ejgx¿ ;d]t cfklQsf ljifo ag]sf 5g\ . g]kfnk|lt ljleGg cfwf/xLg cf/f]kx¿ nufpg klqsfn] lgn{Hhtf b]vfPsf] 5 .
Pp6f :jtGq /fi6«sf x}l;otn] g]kfndf cjl:yt kz'klt dlGb/df s;nfO{ lgo'Qm ug]{ eGg] s'/f g]kfnn] g} lg0f{o ug]{ s'/f xf] . Pp6f :jtGq /fi6«n] cfkm\gf] wfld{s cf:yfsf] s]Gb|df ljb]zL gful/snfO{ xfnL d'xfnL ug{ lbg' eg]sf] bf;tf :jLsf/ ug'{ h:t} g} lyof] . h;nfO{ ;/sf/n] tf]8]sf] 5 . ;/sf/sf] of] lg0f{o cfd g]kfnLsf] efjgf cg's"n cfPsf] 5 . lg0f{o sfof{Gjog ug]{ ;jfndf s'g} sdhf]/L 5 eg] ;RofO{xg'k5{, sfg'gsf] cefj 5 eg] To;sf] ;+zf]wg ug'{k5{ t/ k/Dk/fsf gfddf PsfO{zf}+ ztfAbLdf cfP/ klg ljb]zLsf] bf;tf :jLsf/ ug]{ s'/f g]kfnLx¿sf nflu :jLsfo{ x'g g;Sg] cledt ;j{q ;'Gg kfOPsf] 5 .
kz'kltdf ;/sf/n] u/]sf] lg0fo{sf] lj/f]wdf tTsfn ;8sdf pqg]x¿n] ef/tn] jiff}{b]lv g]kfndfly ub}{ cfPsf] lyrf]ldrf]dfly lsg df}gtf b]vfPsf 5g\ < ljleGg :yfgdf g]kfnL l;dfgf ldlrPsf 5g\, v'n]cfd ef/tLo ;]gf g]kfnL e"lddf xltof/;lxt k|j]z ug]{ u/]sf 5g\, ;Ldf If]qdf af“wx¿ lgdf{0f u/]/ xhf/f}+ x]S6/ g]kfnL e"ld ef/tn] 8'afgdf kfb}{ cfPsf] 5 . oL ofjt s'/fx¿k|lt lj/f]w gug]{x¿af6 kz'kltdf ef/tLo gful/snfO{ k'hf/L /fVg bafa e}/xg' cfZro{sf] ljifo ePsf] 5 .
