– u'?k|;fb kf}8]n

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ ;'b[9 / a[xt\ agfpg cfGtl/s lj:tf/ / jfXo lj:tf/ u/L b'O{ /0fgLlts ljlw ckgfpg ;lsG5 . lgoldt ?kdf cfkm\g} ;]o/ xf]N8/af6 k'FhL j[l4 ub}{ nlug] Pj+ sDkgLn] sdfPsf] d'gfkmfnfO{ ;+:yfd} kl/rfng ul/g] ljlw cfGtl/s lj:tf/ ljlw xf], h;nfO{ k|fs[lts ljlw klg elgG5 . To:t}, ljQLo k|0ffnLdf ;~rfngdf /x]sf b'O{ jf ;f]eGbf a9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ Ps–cfk;df ufe]/ 7"nf] agfpg] ljlw jfXo lj:tf/ ljlw xf] . t/ dh{/ lj1x? s'g} Pp6f ;+:yf ufEg] -dh{_ k|lqmof tyf k|s[lt csf]{;Fu x'ax' ldNb}g eG5g\, tfklg o; sfo{sf Go"gtd\ ;femf ljz]iftfsf cfwf/df ;fdfGoM dh{/nfO{ xfdL b'O{ efudf afF8\g ;S5f}+ .

klxnf] Ps–cfk;df ufleFbf k|j4{s k|efj -l;ghL{ Okm]S6_ k|fKt x'g] clek|fon] ul/g] :jM:km"t{ Joj;flos /0fgLlts dh{/ xf] eg] bf];|f] cy{tGqdf ljljwvfn] ;d:of b]vfk/] /fHo tyf lgofds lgsfon] ul/g] bafad"ns÷lgb]{lzt dh{/ xf] . ufleFbf ljleGg nfutdf sd x'g], sf/f]af/df j[l4 eO{ cfDbfgL j[l4 x'g], 7"nf] ;+u7g ePkl5 :t/Lo k|ljlw vl/b u/L kmfObf lng ;lsg], Pp6} b]zleq leGg ef}uf]lns :yfgdf kx'Fr k'¥ofpg ;lsg], cGt/f{li6«o :t/df ;d]t ahf/ j[l4 u/]/ yk cfDbfgL k|fKt ug{ ;lsg] x'gfn] klxnf] k|sf/sf] dh{/nfO{ rft'o{k"0f{ Joj;flos /0fgLlt klg elgG5 . cy{tGq ;'9[0f ePsf a]nf dh{/x? oxL p2]Zoaf6 k|]l/t eP/ ul/G5g\ .

csf]{tkm{, cy{tGqdf b]lvg] ljleGg ;d:ofaf6 kf/ kfpg klg sDkgLx?nfO{ dh{ ug]{ lg0f{o ul/G5 . ljleGg cf/f]x–cj/f]x cfO{ g} /xG5g\ . cy{tGqdf cfpg] cj/f]xsf avt dh{/sf] Joj;flos /0fgLlt eg]sf] ;+s6af6 aRg' xf] . s'g}klg cfly{s ;+s6af6 a}+lsª If]q c5'tf] /xg ;Sb}g . ;a} lsl;dsf cfly{s ;+s6sf k5fl8 a}+lsª If]qsf] s]xL g s]xL xft x'G5 . o:tf ;+s6x?af6 ;a}eGbf a9L k|efljt x'g] If]q klg a}+lsª g} xf] . ha a}+lsª If]qdf ;d:of b]vf k5{g\, ta d'n'ssf] cy{tGqd} ;d:ofx? b]vf kg{ yfN5g\ . To;}n] ;/sf/ tyf o; If]qsf lgofds lgsfox? o; If]qnfO{ x/;Dej arfpg rfxG5g\ . dh{/ /0fgLltnfO{ ;+s6af6 arfpg] k|d'v cf}hf/sf ?kdf lnOG5 . ;+s6sf a]nf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf x?nfO{ Pscfk;df ufEg] /0fgLlt ;g\ !(@) b]lv ;g\ #) sf] bzsdf hfkfgnufotsf PlzofnL b]zx?df dfq xf]Og, cl:6«of, a]lNhod, hd{gLnufotsf o'/f]lkog b]zdf ;d]t ;'? ul/Psf] lyof] . hfkfgn] bf];|f] ljZjo'4 ;'? x'g' cufj}b]lv ljljw vfnsf ;+s6sf] ;fdfgf ul//x]sf] lyof] . cGttM ;+s6nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ ;g\ !(@& df a}+lsª sfg'g g} NofOof], h;df clgjfo{ k'FhL sf]ifsf] Joj:yf ul/of] . o; sfg'gsf] k|d'v p2]Zo ;fgf a}+s dh{ eO{ 7"nf / ;d[4 a}+s ag'g\ eGg] lyof] . ;fy} of] Ps k|sf/sf] bafad"ns dh{/ gLlt lyof] .

;g\ !(*) sf] bzsdf cd]l/sL a}+sx?n] 7"nf] ;+s6 a]xf]g'{k¥of] . Tolxa]nf cd]l/sL a}+lsª Oltxf;df w]/} ptf/r9fj cfP . ;+;f/d} ;a}eGbf w]/} a}+sx? ePsf] o; b]zdf ;+s6 Joj:yfkgsf nflu km]8/n l/he{n] dh{/ gLlt;d]t cFufn]sf] lyof] . To;kl5sf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] a+}lsª ;+s6 ;g\ !((& df k"jL{ Plzofe/L b]lvPsf] lyof] . ;+s6af6 d'n'ssf] ljQLo If]qnfO{ r':t / b'?:t /fVg dn]l;ofsf] s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] clVtof/ u/]sf] …lgb]{lzt dh{/Ú ;w}+ rrf{sf] ljifo aGg] u/]sf] 5 . ;+s6sf] ;dodf dn]l;og a}+sx?sf] lgliqmo shf{ cg'kft lgs} a9]/ uof] . ;'?df s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] k'gMshf{x? pknAw u/fP/ ;d:ofnfO{ ;Daf]wg ug{ vf]Hof] . l:ylt Hofb} gfh's lyof] . oltn] dfq} a}+snfO{ /fxt dx;'; x'g ;s]g . l:yltsf] uflDeo{tf x]/L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ dh{ ug]{ /0fgLlt ckgfOof] . ;'?sf] of]hgfcg';f/ dn]l;ofdf /x]sf !@ jfl0fHo a}+s, !@ OGe]i6d]G6 a}+s tyf @% ljQ sDkgLx?nfO{ ^ j6f a}+s ;d"xdf ufEg] elgPsf]df kl5 s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] !) a}+s ;d"xdf ufEg] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ufEbf jf ufleFbf cfkm\gf ;d"x ;b:ox? cfkm+} 5fGg kfpg] ;'ljwf lbOP tfklg sl/a @ ca{ l/+u]6 r'Qmf k'FhL / @% ca{ l/+u]6 s'n ;DklQ;Ddsf] Pp6f ;d"x agfpg lgb]{lzt ul/of] . To;}u/L, l5d]sL /fi6« ef/tdf ;g\ ^) sf] bzslt/ y'k|} ;fgf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ;~rfngdf cfO;s]sf lyP . k'FhL cfwf/ Hofb} ;fgf] /x]sf o:tf ljQLo ;+:yfx? c;kmn x'Fb} a}+lsª If]qk|lt g} cfd ef/tLox?sf] wf/0ff gsf/fTds aGg k'u]sf] lyof] . a}+lsª If]qk|lt ;sf/fTds wf/0ff ljsf; ug{ l/he{ a}+sn] Tolta]nf g} sl/a $% ;fgf a}+sx?nfO{ dh{/df hfg bafa lbPsf] lyof] .

ljQLo ;d:ofx?sf] ;+s]t b]lvPkl5 kfls:tfgsf] s]lGb|o a}+sn] ;d:of;Fu h'Wg ;Sg] 7"nf] k'FhL cfwf/ ePsf a}+s cfjZos 5 egL 3'dfp/f] kf/fn] a}+sx?nfO{ dh{/df hfg k|]l/t u/]sf] 5 . ljleGg ;do;Ldf tf]sL ;g=\ @)!# ;Dddf @# ca{ -kfls:tfgL ?k}ofF_ r'Qmf k'FhL k'¥ofpg'kg]{ eGg] s]Gb|Lo a}+ssf] lgb]{zgnfO{ kfls:tfgL a}+sx?n] lgb]{lzt dh{/sf] cy{df lnPsf 5g\ .

pko'{Qm ljZn]if0fsf cfwf/df a}+lsª k|0ffnLdf s]xL ;d:of b]lvPdf /fHo tyf s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] bafad"ns dh{/sf] gLlt clVtof/ u/]sf] b]lvG5 . cy{tGqsf cGo kl/;"rsx?n] ;sf/fTds ;Gb]z glbO/x]sf a]nf a}+lsª If]q dfq} ;'b[9 / ;jn 5 eGg] l:ylt x'Fb}g . eOxfn] klg Tof] 5f]6f] cjlwsf nflu dfq x'g ;S5 . ;+s6n] ;'?df ;fgf tyf sdhf]/ a}+snfO{ cfqmd0f u5{ . ;'b[9 / :j:y a}+s agfpg kof{Kt k'FhL cfwf/ x'g' cfjZos 5 . k'FhLnfO{ xfdL a}+ssf] …s';gÚ dfG5f}+ . cfwf/ tyf hu alnof] eP sDkgL alnof] x'g] x'Fbf t'ngfTds ?kdf 7"nf a}+sx?nfO{ ;+s6sf] k|efj sd kg]{ b]lvG5 . ljrf/0fLo kIf s] x'g ;S5 eg] Pp6f sdhf]/ ;+:yfnfO{ csf]{ :j:y / ;'b[9;Fu ufEbf st} To;n] g/fd|f] kl/0ffd t lbg] xf]Og < cWoogx?af6 s] b]lvPsf] 5 eg] ufEg] ;+:yfsf] ;kmn Joj;flos /0fgLltn] ufleg] ;+:yfsf] sdhf]/ Joj;flos /0fgLltnfO{ cfkm\gf] ks8df kf/L ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf 5g\ . ufEg]–ufleg] b'j} kIf c:j:y / sdhf]/ eP ckjfbsf] cj:yfdf afx]s Tof] dh{/ ;kmn x'g] b]lvFb}g . km]l/ :j:y / ;'b[9 w]/} a}+sx? ufleP/ ljzfn a}+s aGg] xf]8df nfUg lbg' klg x'Fb}g . s]xL u/L To:tf ljzfn a}+sx?df ;d:of b]lvPdf To;n] d''\n'snfO{ g} aaf{bLlt/ ws]N5 . ljutsf] cfO;NofG8 36gfn] ljZjnfO{ kf7 l;sfPsf] 5 . oxL 36gfnfO{ dWogh/ u/]/ utjif{ cd]l/sL cf]afdf ;/sf/n] NofPsf] …88–k|m]Gs jfn l:6«6 PS6Ú n] s'n a}+lsª bfloTjsf] !) k|ltzteGbf a9L bfloTj x'g]u/L a}+s ufEg glbg] Joj:yf u/]sf] 5 . xfdLsxfF ljut s]xL ;dob]lv a}+s tyf ljQLo If]qdf b]lvPsf] c;fdfGo tyf cgk]lIft kl/l:yltn] of] If]qnfO{ dh{/tkm{ 8f]¥ofPsf] 5 . ;Fu;Fu} xfdLn] cy{tGqsf nflu 7"nf a}+s klg cfjZos 5g\ elg/x]sf 5f}+ . oL b'j} ljifonfO{ dh{/n] ;Daf]wg t ug{ ;Snf, t/ o;af6 kg{ ;Sg] b'/ufdL k|efjsf af/]df a]n}df Wofg k'¥ofpg' klg cfjZos 5 . 

/]ld6\ofG;n] lbPsf] b'Mv Û

– lahg]; hg{n 8]:s

s]xL jif{otf g]kfnsf] cy{tGq /]ld6\ofG;df lge{/ x'Fb} cfPsf] 5 . ljZj a}+sn] ;d]t g]kfnsf] cy{tGqsf] of] lge{/tfnfO{  …8r l8lhhÚ sf] ;+1f lbPsf] 5 . /, o;k|lt ;r]t /xg r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 . nfdf] ;dob]lv g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf /]ld6\ofG; cfosf] dxTjk"0f{ of]ubfg /Fxb} cfPsf] xf] . ToxL cfwf/df  g]kfnsf] vr{of]Uo  cfDbfgL klg a9L /x]sf] 5 . oBlk /]ld6\ofG; cfosf] a[l4b/df s]xL aif{b]lv lzlyntf cfPsf] atfpF5g cy{ljb\x? . h;sf/0f ljb]zL d'b|f cfh{g, zf]wgfGt/ l:ylt, vr{of]Uo cfDbfgL, j}b]lzs ;Dklt Pj+ rfn' vftfdf k|ToIf k|efj k/]sf] 5 . kl5Nnf] Ps cWoog cg';f/, cfly{s aif{ )^%÷^^ df g]kfnsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgdf ljb]zdf /x]sf g]kfnL  sfdbf/x?af6 k|fKt /]ld6\ofG;sf] of]ubfg @! bzdnj @ k|ltzt lyof] eg] To;kl5sf aif{x?df To;df qmlds?kn] x|f; cfPsf] 5 . h;cg';f/ cfly{s aif{ )^^÷^& df !( bzdnj * / )^&÷^* df !( bzdnj # k|ltztdf em/]sf] 5 . /]ld6\ofG; cfodf cfPsf] o:tf] lzlyntf, ko{6gdfkm{t x'g] cfodf ePsf] sdL Pj+ Jofkf/ 3f6fdf ePsf] pRr a[l4sf sf/0f rfn' vftfsf] 3f6f klg pRr ePsf] 5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] tYofÍcg';f/, cfly{s jif{ )^&÷^* sf] ;fpgb]lv j}zfv;Ddsf] bz dlxgfsf] cjlwdf /]ld6\ofG; cfosf] ?kdf @ va{ ^ ca{ ^^ s/f]8 ?k}ofF g]kfn lelqPsf] lyof] . of] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] ;f]xL cjlwdf !) bzdnj @ k|ltzt j[l4sf] t'ngfdf !) bzdnj * k|ltztn] a9L xf] . s]xL lbgcl3 cy{ dGqfnon] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] cfly{s ;j]{If0fdf eg] cfly{s jif{ )^&÷^* df sfdbf/sf] ljk|]if0f cfo @ va{ %( ca{ %# s/f]8 ?k}ofF k'Ug] cg'dfg ul/Psf] lyof] . of] cg'dfg cl3Nnf] jif{sf] t'ngfdf sl/a !@ k|ltztn] a9L xf] .

ljZj a}+sn] xfn} ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] ;j]{If0fdf g]kfnsf s'n 3/kl/jf/sf] s'n cfodf ljk|]if0fsf] of]ubfg Ps rf}yfO /x]sf] pNn]v 5 . sl/a # xhf/ @ ;o 3/kl/jf/ ;d]6]/ ljZj a}+sn] ;g\ @))( df u/]sf] ;j]{If0fdf g]kfnsf s'n 3/kl/jf/sf] s'n cfosf] #) k|ltzteGbf a9L lx:;f ljb]zaf6 k|fKt x'g] ljk|]if0fdf cfwfl/t ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . …g]kfn dfOu|];gÚ gfd lbP/ ul/Psf] pQm ;j]{If0fdf gf} j6f lhNnfsf] kfl/jfl/s cfodf ljk|]if0fsf] of]ubfg !) k|ltzt eGbf sd b]lvPsf] 5 . cWoogn] /f}tx6df ^ bzdnj $, sf7df8f}+df * bzdnj %, sfe|] / eQmk'/df * bzdnj *, g'jfsf]6df & bzdnj &, h'Dnfdf & bzdnj *, nlntk'/df & / d'u'df ( bzdnj # k|ltzt ljk|]if0fsf] of]ubfg /x]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 . cGo s]xL lhNnfsf 3/kl/jf/sf] cfodf ljk|]if0fsf] lx:;f !) k|ltzt eGbf a9L g} 5 . h;cg';f/ c5fddf @( bzdnj *, emfkfdf @* bzdnj *, sf:sLdf @* bzdnj @, dxf]Q/Ldf @* bzdna %, uf]/vfdf @& bzdnj *, bfªdf @^  bzdnj #, ;nf{xLdf @^ bzdnj !, gjnk/f;Ldf @% bzdnj $ / kfFry/df @% k|ltzt lx:;f ljk|]if0f cfodf lge{/ 5 . To:t}, c3f{vfFrLdf $# bzdnj $, DofUbLdf #& bzdnj $, wg'iffdf #& bzdnj @, tfg;]gdf #^ b;dnj !, 88]nw'/fdf #$ bzdnj (, tgx'Fdf #$, t]x|y'ddf #! bzdnj !, l;/fxfdf #) bzdnj ^ k|ltzt kfl/jfl/s cfosf] lx:;f cf]u6]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ljz]ifu/L dWo / ;'b'/klZrd If]qsf o'jfx? clwsf+zh:tf] ef/tdf /f]huf/Lsf nflu hfg] u/]sf 5g\ eg] klZrd / k"j{ If]qsf w]/} o'jfx? dn]l;of tyf vf8L d'n's hfg] u/]sf 5g\ . k"jf{~rn, dWodf~rn tyf klZrdf~rn If]qlt/sf s]xL o'jfx? cGo ljsl;t d'n'sx?df ;d]t /f]huf/Lsf nflu uP/ /sd k7fpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

clxn] @! nfveGbf a9L g]kfnL o'jfx?n] sfg'gL?kdf j}b]l;s /f]huf/L u/]/ /]ld6\ofG; leqofO/x]sf] cg'dfg 5 . To;afx]s u}/sfg'gL ?kdf n'lsl5kL sfd ug]{x?n] klg /]ld6\ofG; leq\ofO/x]sf 5g\ . a}b]l;s /f]huf/Ldf uPsf sfdbf/x?n] /]ld6\ofG;jfkt jflif{s?kdf sl/a @ ca{ %) s/f]8 8n/ a/fa/ /sd leq\ofpg] u/]sf 5g\ . of] g]kfnsf] s'n ufx{:y pTkfbgsf] sl/a @% k|ltzt xf] . o;/L k|fKt x'g] ljk|]if0fdWo] vf8L If]qaf6dfq} $( k|ltzt cfpg] u/]sf] 5 eg] ef/taf6 !( k|ltzt, dn]l;ofaf6 !@ k|ltzt / cGo ljsl;t d'n'sx?af6 @! k|ltzt ljk|]if0f cfpg] u/]sf] 5 . g]kfnsf] cy{tGq ljk|]if0fdf a9L cfwfl/t x'Fb} cfPsfn] ljk|]if0fdf x'g] 36a9n] cy{tGqnfO{ k|ToIf k|efj kf5{ .

w]/} jif{ eof] /]ld6\ofG;n] g]kfnnfO{ ul/aL 36fpg / cfly{s l:y/tfsf nflu ;xof]u u/]sf] . t/ o;sf] csf]{ kf6f] klg 5, oxL /]ld6\ofG;s} sf/0f ;/sf/ lgis[o ag]sf] 5 . clt cfjZos gLltx? ;'wf/ ug{ ;/sf/nfO{ s'g} bafa gk/]sf] sf/0f klg oxL /]ld6\ofG;s} sf/0f xf] . kl/0ffd:j?k b]zn] lgs} 7"nf] cfly{s hf]lvd ef]Ug'kg]{5 . of] klg v'nf;f u/]sf] 5 ljZj a}Fssf] kl5Nnf] cWoogn] . ;g\ @))(÷!) df /]ld6\ofG; ;f9] b'O{ ca{ 8n/ lelqof] . t/ of] l;Q}df lelqPsf] eg] x}g . j[xt :t/df x]g]{ xf] eg] o;sf] k|efj w]/} Jofks 5 . o;s} sf/0f afXo k|lt:kwf{ u'd]sf] 5, pTkfbg / s[lif If]qdf sdL cfPsf] 5, 3/hUuf h:tf cg'Tkfbs If]qdf nufgL a9]sf] 5 / /]ld6\ofG;d} e/ kg]{ qmd a9]sf] 5 . o;af6 cGt/f{li6«o cl:y/tfn] g]kfn klg k|efljt x'g] l:ylt cfPsf] 5 . g]kfnaf/] ljZj a}Fssf clwsf/L lx;fgf]a' l;l;8f] eG5g\,ækl5Nnf jif{df a9\bf] /]ld6\ofG;n] gLlt ;'wf/df lgis[otf a9]sf] 5, h'g k|lt:kwf{ / pTkfbsTj a9fpg lgs} cfjZos s'/f xf] . b]znfO{ bL3{sfnLg ?kdf of] 3f6f lgs} dxFuf] kg]{5 .Æ ljZj a}Fssf] cWoogn] O+lut u/]sf] gLlt lgdf{0fsf] sdhf]/Lsf sf/0f nufgLsf] jftfj/0f emg\ lalu|Psf] 5, h;sf sf/0f lghL nufgL 36]sf] 5 / kmn:j?k /f]huf/L l;h{gf klg x'g ;s]sf] 5}g . /f]huf/L l;h{gf gePkl5 emg\ a9L dflg; j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf nflu hfg afWo x'g]5g\ / o;n] of] b'irqm emg\ a9\g]5 . cWoogn] r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 æ/]ld6\ofG;sf sf/0f d"Noj[l4 x'g]5 / o;n] lgof{tof]Uo ;fdfg / cfoft ul/g] ;fdfgsf] efp a9fpg]5 h;af6 k|lt:kwf{Tds l:ylt 36\g]5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/df hgzlSt aflxl/Pkl5 b]zdf hgzlStsf] klg cefj x'g]5, h;af6 Hofnf a9\g]5 / sfd ug]{ OR5f klg 36\g]5 . lsgeg] kl/jf/sf nflu /]ld6\ofG; cfPs} x'G5 .Æ cWoogn] ;'emfj lbPsf] 5– nufgLsf] /fd|f] jftfj/0f agfpg' k5{, o;n] b]zd} /f]huf/Lsf] l;h{gf x'g]5 . ljb]zdf /f]huf/bftf sDkgLx?;Fu låkIfLo ;Demf}tf ug'{k5{, tL b]zdf g]kfnL b"tfjf;sf] e"ldsf a9fpg' k5{, Dofgkfj/ sDkgLnfO{ ;/sf/n] /fd|f]l;t lgu/fgL ug'{k5{, km6fxfx?nfO{ sf/afxL ug'{k5{, /]ld6\ofG; b]zdf leq\ofpFbf ;:tf] ljsNk vf]Hg sbd rfNg'k5{ .

ljsf; a}+sx¿n] cy{tGqdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfg la;{g' x'“b}g

;a}h;f] a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfx? t/ntf ;+s6sf] ;d:ofaf6 u'lh|/x]sf 5g\, P; 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <

xfdLdf t/ntf ;d:of 5Fb}5}g, #! Kf|ltzt t/ntfdf a;]sf 5f}+ . ljut b'O{ jif{otf g]kfnsf] ljQLo If]qdf t/ntf ;+s6 lta| aGbf klg xfdLnfO{ To;n] 5f]Psf] 5}g .

a}+ssf] ljQLo cj:yfrflx“ s:tf] 5 <

xfdLn] x/]s jif{ l8le8]08 lbPsf 5f}+ . v/fa shf{ klg sd 5, )=% k|ltzt dfq . xfd|f] s'g} klg If]qdf dfkb08eGbf a9L nufgL 5}g . xfplhª, l/on:6]6df @% k|ltzteGbf a9L nufgL ug{ gkfpg] ;Ldf /fi6« a}+sn] tf]s]sf] 5, hasL To; ;]S6/df xfd|f] nufgL @! k|fltzt dfq} 5 . xfdLn] nufgLdf ljljlws/0f u/]sf 5f}+ . kl5Nnf] ;dodf a? gfkmfnfO{ gx]/Lsg 6]«h/L lan / a08 lsg]/ /fv]sf 5f}+ . clxn];Dd xfd|f] cgcl86]8 ck/];gn k|f]lkm6 !! s/f]8 ?k}ofF /x]sf] 5 . xfd|f] s'n lgIf]k sl/a $ ca{ ^) s/f]8 5 eg] nufgL # ca{ () s/f]8 hlt 5 .

P; 8]enkd]G6 a}+sn] kmfOgfG; sDkgLaf6 ljsf; a}+sdf kl/0ft ePb]lv g} afl0fHo a}+s aGg] p2]Zosf ;fy k"jf{wf/ tof/ ug{ nflukb}{ cfPsf] 5 . P; 8]enkd]G6 a}+s;Fu le;f OG6/g]zgnsf] 8]la6 sf8{sf] P;f]l;P6 d]Da/lzk 5 . o; a}+sdf w]/} Pglhcf], cfOPglhcf]x?n] 8n/ Psfp06 vf]n]sf 5g\ . Pn;Lsf] sf/]af/afx]s xfdLn] afl0fHo a}+s;/x sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf 5f}+ . xfd|f] cfkm\g} ejg 5 . P; 8]enkd]G6 a}+snfO{ ef]ln g} afl0fHo a}+sdf :t/f]GgtL ug]{ xf] eg] klg ;a} k"jf{wf/ tof/ 5 . s]xL k'FhL ck'u 5, To;sf nflu klg kfFr jif{sf] cjlw tf]lsPsf]df rf/jif{ k"/f eO;Sof] . ca Ps jif{kl5 s;};Fu dh{ ug]{ / afl0fHo a}+sdf :t/f]GgtL x'g] nIo 5 .

s'g ;+:yf;“u dh{ ub}{ x'g'x'G5 <

cg';Gwfg ev{/ ;'? ePsfn] To;af/] d}n] s]xL eGg ldNb}g . P; 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssf] n3'ljQ ;+:yfx?;Fu klg /fd|f] ;xsfo{ eO/x]sf] x'gfn] xfdLn] If]qLo ljsf;nfO{ dh{ u/]/ cufl8 a9\of} eg] To;n] Eofn' Pl8;g lbG5 h:tf] nfU5 . xfdL ;a} ljsNkdf v'nf 5f}+ .

k|foM ljsf; a}+s / kmfOgfG; sDkgLx?df a9L ;d:of b]lvg'sf] sf/0f s] xf]nf <

ljsf; a}+s eP klg xfd|f]df To:tf] s'g} ;d:of 5}g . hxfF;Dd ljjfbdf cfPsf ;+:yfx?sf] s'/f 5, ;d:ofsf] d"n h8 ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] sdL xf] eGg] dnfO{ nfU5 . ltgLx?df k|f]km]zgn d]g]hd]G6 klg b]lvPg . o:tf ;d:of cfpg glbgsf nflu ;+:yf cfkm}+ ;]Nkm /]u'n]6]8 x'g'k¥of] / /fi6« a}+ssf] ;'k/Lj]If0f  klg k|efjsf/L x'g'k¥of] . t/, Ps b'O{j6f ljsf; a}+s / kmfOgfG; sDkgLdf ;d:of cfof] eGb}df ;a} g/fd|f eGg ldNb}g . ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLx?n] cy{tGqdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfgnfO{ lj;{g' x'Fb}g . !÷@ j6fn] ab\df;L u/] eGb}df l;+uf] a}lsª If]qnfO{ bf]if lbg ldNb}g . ab\df;L ePsf 7fpFdf klg ab\df;L ug]{ JolQmnfO{ sf/afxL ug'{k5{, ;+:yf g} ;hfoFsf] eflubf/ x'Fb}g . …sÚ au{sf] afl0fHo a}+seGbf /fd|f ljsf; a}+s / kmfOgfG;  sDkgL klg 5g\ oxfF .

ljsf; a}+s / kmfOgfG; sDkgLx?k|lt cljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug{df :jo+ /fi6« a}s / s]xL ;+:yfut lgIf]kstf{x?sf] klg xft 5 elgG5, tkfO“nfO{ s] nfU5 <

d t a}+s÷ljQLo ;+:yfsf Joj:yfkg l6ds} uNtL b]V5' . h'g a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] Hofbf ;+:yfut lgIf]kdf hf]8 lbG5, To;df a9\tf hf]lvd x'G5 . lsgsL ;DalGwt ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] lgIf]k lemSg]ljlQs} ;d:of kl/xfN5 . To;sf/0f lgIf]kdf *) / @) k|ltztsf] cg'kft sfod ug}{k5{ . a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yfsf] s'n lgIf]kdf *) k|ltzt ;a{;fwf/0fsf] vftfaf6 / @) k|ltzt ;+:yfut lgIf]kstf{sf] x'g'k5{ . ;j{;fwf/0fsf] *) k|ltzt lgIf]kdf klg lkmS:8 / ;]leªsf] /fd|f] cg'kft x'g'k5{ . t/ oxfF s]xL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] ;+:yfut lgIf]knfO{ dfq hf]8 lbFbf ;d:of cfPsf] xf] . h'g ;+:yfn] a9L eGbf a9L Jofhb/sf] ckm/ u/]/ lgIf]k ;+sng u5{, ToxfF hf]lvd a9\of] eg]/ a'em] x'G5 .

g]kfnsf] l;+uf] a}+lsª k|0ffnLdf ;j{;fwf/0f / ;+:yfut lgIf]kstf{sf] lgIf]ksf] cg'kft s:tf] kfOPsf] 5 <

of] t /fi6« a}+snfO{ ;f]Wg] k|Zg xf] . xfdLn] s] b]v]sf 5f}+ eg] clxn] h'g h'g sDkgL ;d:ofdf 5g\, ltgLx? ;a}df ;+:yfut lgIf]k a9L /x]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . csf]{ s'/f, ;+:yfut ;'zf;g klg sdL kfOPsf] 5 .

clxn] a}+sx?df t/ntf ;+s6 a9\b} hf“bf cGt/a}+lsª shf{df klg a}+sx?aLr cljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f b]lvof] lg <

Tof] :jefljs} xf] . ca t a08 / 6]«h/L g/flvsg cGt/a}+lsª shf{ lbg g;lsg] l:ylt cfof] . Tof] geO{ xfdLrflxF lbFb}gf}+ .

xfn} ;fj{hlgs ul/Psf] df}lb|s gLltnfO{ s;/L lng'ePsf] 5 <

Dff}lb|s gLltdf w]/} ;sf/fTds s'/fx? 5g\ . d'VotM l;cf/cf/ 36fOlbPsf] 5 / Pl6Pddf ePsf] k};fnfO{ klg P;Pncf/ cGtu{t /fVg] elgPsf] 5 . oL b'O{j6f Joj:yfn] a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ w]/} /fxt lbG5 . df}lb|s gLltn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] nufgL ug]{ If]qut shf{df hf]8 lbPsf] 5 . o;n] pTkfbgzLn, hnljw't nufot If]qdf nufgL a9\g ;Sg] b]lvG5 . To:t}, u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnLnfO{ 8n/df vftf vf]Ng lbg] / ;f] vftfsf] k};f g]kfnL ?k}ofFdf g} e'QmfgL lbg ;lsg] Joj:yfn] t/ntf ;+s6 6fg{ ;xhtf cfpg] b]lvG5 . gLlt /fd|f] eP klg ;a} s'/f sfof{Gjog kIfdf e/ k5{ . 

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf] ;+Vof Ps rf}yfO{df emfg'{k5{

b]zdf hnljB't ljsf;sf] k|r'/ ;Defjgf b]v]/ hnljB't ljsf;sf] nflu nufgL ug]{ k|fyldstfsf ;fy ;~rfngdf cfPsf] Hof]lt ljsf; a}+s :yfkgfsf] rf}yf] jif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . o; a}+ssf nufgLstf{df g]kfn ljB't k|flws/0fsf k"j{ tyf axfnjfnf sd{rf/Lx? /x]sf 5g\ . a}+sn] ?= @ ca{ %% s/f]8 lgIf]k ;+sng u/L ?=@ ca{ %^ s/f]8 shf{ tyf ;fk6L k|bfg u/]sf] a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t emnsk|;fb vgfnn] atfP . a}+sn] utjif{ ?= # s/f]8 (^ nfv ;~rfng d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf] lyof] eg] o;jif{ ?= @! s/f]8 !# nfv ;~rfng d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf] vgfnn] atfP .

Hof]lt ljsf; a}+sdf s'g} ;d:of g/x]sf] / /fi6« a}+snfO{ klg u'xfg'{ gk/]sf] vgfn atfpF5g\ . æxfdLn] ;d:of cfpg'eGbf klxnf g} k|f]PlS6e tl/sfn] ;d:ofnfO{ s;/L sfpG6/ ug]{ eg]/ tof/L u/]sf] sf/0fn] ubf{ xfdLnfO{ s'g} ;d:of k/]gÆ vgfn eG5g\ . a}+lsª Joj;fo eg]sf] ljZjf;sf cfwf/df rNg] ePsfn] t/ntfsf] ;+s6 klg cljZjf;n] ubf{ ePsf] vgfnsf] a'emfO 5 . o; a}+sn] p;s} g]t[Tjdf lk|ldo/ kmfOgfG;;Fu ldn]/ bf]nvfsf] lh/Ldf xfO8«f]kfj/ k|f]h]S6df nufgL u/]sf] 5 . ;f] kl/of]hgfsf] ^)Ü sfd ;DkGg eO;s]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

g]kfndf rflxg]eGbf w]/} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf v'n]sf] vgfn atfpF5g\ . æljQLo ;+:yfx?df b]lvPsf ;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu afWosf/L dh{/ u/fP/ eP klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;:yfsf] ;+Vof Ps rf}yfOdf emfg'{k5{ . dh{/n] a}+sdf 7"nf] kF'hL lgdf{0f ug{ ;xof]u u5{Æ vgfnsf] egfO 5  . Hof]lt ljsf; a}+sn] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq ( / aflx/ & u/L !^ j6f zfvf ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 eg] # j6f Pl6d d];Lg ;~rfngdf 5g\ . cfw'lgs a}+lssf] cjwf/0ffcg';f/ o;n] OG6/g]6 a}+lsËnufot ;]jf k|bfg ub}}}{ cfPsf] 5 . a}+sn] laleGg /]ld6\ofG; sDkgL;Fu ;Demf}tf u/]/ /]ld6\ofG; ;]jf klg pknAw u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 . lgofds lgsfon] cg'dlt lbPdf d'gfkmfsf cfwf/df * b]lv !) k|ltzt;Dd nfef+z lbg] a}+ssf] of]hgf /x]sf] 5 eg] rfF8} g} yk Pl6Pd d]l;g ;~rfng ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] klg l;Ocf] vgfnn] atfP . 

g]kfndf ljsf; a}+s cfPs} 5}g

;'wL/ s'df/ vqL, k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t,
8L;LaLPn a}+s

@)%@ ;fndf ljsf; a}+s P]g cfPkl5 lghL nufgLdf g]kfn ljsf; a}+ssf] :yfkgf ePsf] lyof] . Tof] g} b]zsf] klxnf] ljsf; a}+s xf] / To;sf] klxnf] dxfk|aGws d lyPF . ljsf; a}+s :yfkgf x'g ;'? ePsf] 8]9 bzseGbf a9L ;dosf] cEof;nfO{ x]bf{ h'g p2]Zon] ljsf; a}+s :yfkgf ul/Psf] xf], Tof] k"/f ePsf] 5}g . jf:tjdf, ljsf; a}+ssf] :yfkgf k"jf{wf/nufotsf cGo If]qsf] ljsf; ug{sf nflu xf] . Tolta]nf d b]zsf] ;8s oftfoft / xjfO{ If]qdf s]xL ug{ ;lsG5 ls eGg] 7fg]/ lxdfno a}+s 5f8]/ g]kfn ljsf; a}+sdf cfPsf] lyPF .

ljsf; a}+ssf] cjwf/0ff klg jf:tljstfdf ToxL g} xf] . of] If]qdf ;Defjgf klg 5 eGg] nfu]sf] lyof] . gfd dfq xf]Og, ljsf;sf If]qdf s]xL u/]/ b]vfpg] ;f]rfOn] 7"nf] hf]lvd klg p7fPsf] lyPF . afl0fHo a}+seGbf ljsf; a}+s km/s klg x'g' k5{ . b]zsf] k"j{wf/sf If]qdf ljsf; a}+s k|ToIf ?kdf ;xefuL x'g'k5{ eGg] Tolta]nf d]/f] wf/0ff lyof] . clxn] rrf{df cfPsf] ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/Lsf] cjwf/0ff Tolta]nf g} cfPsf] xf] . g]kfn ljsf; a}+snfO{+ ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fem]bf/L df]8ndf rnfpg] d]/f] of]hgf lyof] . k"jf{wf/df ljsf; a}+s cfkm}+n] nufgL ug]{ / lglZrt ;dokl5 ;/sf/nfO{ g} x:tfGt/0f ug]{ xfd|f] of]hgf lyof] .

;do laTb} hfFbf g]kfn ljsf; a}+saf6 d aflxl/PF . of] a}+s 5f]8]kl5 d]/f] k|of;df 8]e\nkd]G6 qm]l86 a}+s -8L;LaLPn_ :yfkgf eof] . 8L;LaLPndf cfkm}+ sfo{sf/L k|d'v eP/ sfd u/]F . ljsf; lgdf{0fdf nufgL a9fP/ o; If]qsf] ljsf; ug]{ nIo lnP/ To;a]nf 8L;LaLPnsf] :yfkgf ul/Psf] lyof] . 8L;LaLPn ;~rfngdf cfPkl5 d}n] Po/kf]6{ agfpg], b'|tdfu{ vf]Ng], ljleGg :yfgdf ;8s agfpg]nufot w]/} of]hgf af]s]/ d l;+xb/af/;Dd k'u]sf] lyPF . Df}n] h] ;f]r]/ sfd ug{ vf]h]sf] lyPF, Tof] k"/f x'g ;s]g . s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] NofPsf gLlt lgb]{zgn] ljsf; a}+s / cGo a}+saLr leGgtf gePkl5 xfdL klg lgIf]k / shf{sf] sfd ug{ yfNof}+ . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] NofPsf gLltn] ljsf; a}+snfO{ 5'§} sfd ug{ lbPg, km]l/ ljsf; a}+s;Fu k'FhL klg yf]/} lyof] . gfddfq ljsf; a}+s /flvof] t/ sfd afl0fHo a}+ssf] g} ug'{k¥of] . emg\ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf;DaGwL P]g -aflkmof_ cfPkl5 t ljsf; a}+s gfddfq km/s ePsf] 5 . ljsf; a}+s eP klg afl0fHo a}+sx?sf] h:tf] sf/f]af/ ug'{kg]{ ePkl5 ;a} ;~rfnsaLr 5nkmn eO{ oxL gfdaf6 afl0fHo a}+sdf :t/f]Ggf]lt x'g ;kmn eOof] . ljsf; a}+ssf] eGbf afl0fHo a}+ssf] k|d'v x'Fbf ;dfhdf lhDd]jf/L / OHht b'j} a9]sf] 5 . clxn] k'FhLsf] cfwf/df dfq afl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / kmfOgfG; sDkgL egL 5'§ofOPsf] 5 t/ ;a}n] Ps} lsl;dsf sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . s]xL sfdafx]s ;a} ;+:yfx?n] Pp6} sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . km/s olt dfq xf], ljsf; a}+sn] k|tLtkq / ljb]zL d'b|fsf] ljlgdoafx]s ;a} afl0fHo a}+ssf] sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] k|d'v sf/0f /fi6« a}+sn] NofPsf] gofF gLlt xf] . s]Gb|Lo a}+s klg cfkm}+n] NofPsf gLltdf cfkm}+ :ki6 ePsf] b]lvFb}g . Pp6} sfd ug{ tLg lsl;dsf ;+:yf hGdfpg'sf] cf}lrTo 5}g .

ljsf; a}+s eg]kl5 ljsf; lgdf{0fsf If]qdf dfq sfd ug{ lbg'k5{ . lgIf]k / shf{sf] k|jfxeGbf lgdf{0f txdf pgLx?nfO{ hfg] af6f] v'nf ul/lbg'k5{ . /fli6«o:t/sf x'g\ of lhNnf:t/sf ;a}n] lgdf{0f If]qdf ;l/s x'g] afWofTds Joj:yf x'g'k5{ . s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] ljsf;sf] gfd lbg] t/ a}+s Uof/]G6L lng glbg] of] 7"nf] lje]b u/]sf] 5, o;sf] cGTo x'g'k5{ . ufpFsf] ljsf; lgdf{0fdf :yfgLo ljsf; a}+sn] lsg Uof/]G6L lng kfpg] < o:t} ^$ s/f]8 ?k}ofF k'FhLn] ljsf;sf If]qdf s]xL klg ug{ ;lsFb}g . o; cy{df g]kfndf ljsf; a}+s cfPs} 5}g . clxn]sf] cj:yfdf ljsf; a}+s :yfkgf x'g] xf] eg] afl0fHo a}+seGbf klg 7"nf !) ca{ ?k}ofFeGbf klg w]/} k'FhL ePsf] a}+s cfpg'k5{ . To;sf nflu :jb]zL dfq geO{ ljb]zL a}+sx?sf] ;d]t 7"nf] nufgL x''g'k5{ .

b]zsf k"jf{wf/sf] If]qdf nufgL ug{ o:tf a}+snfO{ k|f]T;fxg ug{ ;lsG5 . ^$ s/f]8 k'FhL ePsf] a}+sn] stf nufgL ug]{ < To;}n] o:tf If]qdf cfpg] a}+snfO{ 5'§} P]gsf] h?/L 5 . s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] o; ljifodf Wofg k'¥ofpg ;s] ;fFrf] cy{df ljsf; a}+s :yfkgf x'g ;S5 . gfd km/s kfb}{df sfd km/s x'Fb}g . clxn] s]xL ljsf; a}+s k"jf{wf/sf If]qdf sfd ug]{ eg]/ cfPsf klg 5g\ . tL klg ;a} ljsf; lgdf{0fdf nufgL ug{ xf]Og, a}+lsª sf/f]af/df nfu]sf 5g\  . km]l/ ^$ s/f]8 ?k}ofF k'F'hLn] k"jf{wf/sf sfd x'g klg ;Sb}g . Ps d]ufjf6sf] ljB't cfof]hgf agfpg !% s/f]8 ?k}ofF nufgL ug'{kg]{ x'G5 . ljsf; a}+ssf] of] k'FhLn] hnljB't cfof]hgf agfpg k'U5 < clxn] ePsf] k'FhLaf6 7"nf] of]hgf agfpg} ;lsFb}g .

k'glg{df{0f ug{, hnljB't, b'|tdfu{nufot ;DefJo If]qdf nufgL ug{ ljsf; a}+snfO{ k|]l/t ug'{k5{ . ;fgf] k'FhLn] dfq xf]Og, cfjZostf x]/]/ 7"nf cfof]hgfdf nufgL ug{ ;Sg] k'FhL ePsf a}+snfO{ dfq ljsf; a}+s gfd lbg' pko'Qm x'G5 . 7"nf k"jf{wf/df ;s];Dd b]zleqsf, g;s] ljb]zL ljsf; a}+sx?sf] ;+o'Qm nufgL ug{ ;lsG5 . lgIf]k / shf{df s]lGb|t geO{ ljsf; a}+s ;Dk"0f{?kdf lgdf{0fdf s]lGb|t ug{ ;Sg'k5{ . s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] klg ljsf; a}+ssf nflu 5'§} gLlt agfP/ hfg ;s] ;fFrf] cy{df ljsf; a}+ssf] p2]Zo k"/f x'g ;S5 . tL ljsf; a}+s h;n] cfhsf nflu dfq geO{ ef]lnsf lbgdf klg sfd ug{ ;s'g\ .

c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ g} ;d:ofsf] h8

h;f]bf ;}+h" ,k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t
Pr P08 aL 8]enkd]G6 a}+s

h;f]bf ;}+h' g]kfndf ;~rflnt ljsf; a}sx?df klxnf] dlxnf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t x'g\ . @)#@ ;fnaf6 a}+lsª sl/c/ ;'? u/]sL pgL #^ jif{kl5 Pr P08 aL 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v eOg\ . g]kfn /fi6« a}sn] dh{/ lgodfjnL ;fj{hlgs u/]kl5 ;fljssf] lxdr'nL ljsf; a}+s / aL/uGh kmfOgfG; ;a}eGbf klxnf dh{ eO Pr P08 aL 8]enkd]G6 a}+s ag]sf] xf] . dh{ ePkl5 c;f/ ! ut]af6 /fli6«o:t/sf] ljsf; a}+ssf] ?kdf o; ljsf; a}+sn] sf/f]af/ ;'? u/]sf] 5 . ;}+h' 8]e\nkd]06 a}++s;{ P;f]l;P;gsL sf]iffWoIf klg x'g\ . pgL;“u ljhg]z hg{nn] ljQLo If]qsf ljljw ljifodf u/]sf] s'/fsfgLsf] c+z M

dh{ eP/ :yflkt o; a}+sdf d'Vo ;d:ofx? s]–s] b]lvPsf 5g\ <

;d:ofx? cfO/x]sf 5g\, ;fdfwg klg eO/x]sf] 5 . of] ;fdfGo k|lqmof xf] . w]/} k'/fgf] ;+:yfdf klg ;d:ofx? 5g\ . xfdL t b'O{j6f ;+:yf Pp6} eP/ a;]sf 5f+} . dh{/ ePkl5 s]xL 6]lSgsn s'/fx?df ;d:of cfP klg sfd ub{{} hfFbf ;dfwfg klg x'Fb} uof] . vf;} ;d:of ag]/ a;]sf] s]xL 5}g .

s] eof] eg]rflx“ g]kfndf dh{/ k|lqmof k"0f{tM ;kmn xf]nf <

dh{/ x'g rfx]sf] ;+:yfsf af]8{ 8fO/]S6/x?n] rfx] eg] g]kfndf dh{/ k|lqmof ;kmn x'G5 . of] s'/f u/]/ dfq} x'g] jf sd{rf/Ln] dfq rfx]/ x'g] k|lqmof xf]Og . ;~rfnsx?n] rfx] eg] ;fgfltgf s'/fn] dh{/ k|lqmof /f]lsFb}g . dh{/ k|lqmofdf ;xefuL x'g] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] s]xL g s]xL sDk|dfOh ug}{k5{ . xfd|f] a}+ssf] xsdf ;lhnf] s] eof] eg], g]6jy{ b'j} ;+:yfsf] ;dfg b]lvof] . To;}n] ;]o/ ljt/0fdf klg Ps a/fa/ Ps /0fgLlt nfu" eof] . ;~rfns ;ldltdf klg ToxL lsl;dsf] k|ltlglwtj ug]{ cj:yf l;h{gf eof] / dh{ k|lqmof l56f] x'g k'Uof] . dh{/ x'g] ;+:yfsf 8fO/]S6/x?n] d geP klg ;+:yf /fd|f] x'g'k5{ eGg] ;f]r]df dh{ k|lqmofn] h'g;'s} a]nf ult lng ;S5 . ;fgf] ;+:yf dh{ ubf{ sd{rf/Lsf] vf;} ;d:of x'Fb}g t/ 7"nf ;:yfx?sf xsdf eg] kb ldnfgdf s]xL ;d:of x'g] b]lvG5 .

Pr P08 aL 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssf of]hgfx? s] s:tf 5g\ <

b'O{ ;+:yf dh{ eP/ o;sf] If]q lj:tf/ ePsf] 5 . a}+s cem dha't ag]sf] 5 . To;}n] xfd|f u|fxs tyf z'elrGtsx?nfO{  Pr P08 aL gofF a}+s xf]Og, lxdr'nL ljsf; a}+s / aL/u~h kmfOgfG; dh{ eP/ ag]sf] gofF ;+:yf xf] eg]/ hfgsf/L lbg' xfd|f] klxnf] bfloTj xf] . pkTosfsf u|fxsx? o;af/]df s]xL ;r]t eP klg cGo efudf eg] sd{rf/Lx?n] sfplG;lnª ug{ h?/L 5 .

tTsfn a}+sn] lgIf]k ;+sngnfO{ a9L hf]8 lbG5 . shf{ k|jfx tTsfnnfO{ /f]s]sf 5f}+ . t/ntf kof{Kt eof] eg] xfdL ;–;fgf] shf{ k|jfxdf hfg] 5f}+ . tTsfn} 7"nf] shf{ xfdL k|jfx ub}{gf}+ . xfn b]ze/L @# j6f zfvf ;~rfngdf /x]sf 5g\ eg] !% j6f zfvf vf]Ng :jLs[lt kfO;s]sf 5f}+ . h;dWo] !) j6f pkTosfaflx/ / % j6f pkTosfdf zfvf vf]Ng kfpg] 5f}+ .

clxn] a+}lsª If]qdf ;d:of cfpg'sf] sf/0f s] xf] eGg] nfU5 <

g]kfndf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;:yfx? rflxg]eGbf a9L eO;s], h;sf sf/0f Ps–cfk;df c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ x'g' g} ;d:ofsf] h8 xf] .

a}lsª If]qsf] xfnsf] k|d'v r'gf}lt s] xf] <

k|d'v r'gf}tL eg]sf] hgtfsf] ljZjf; lhTg' xf] . ljZjf; lhTg] jftfj/0f ;/sf/ / /fi6« a+}sn] agfOlbg' k¥of] . ldl8ofn] klg ;xof]u ul/lbg' k¥of] . clxn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;:yfx?k|lt hgtfsf] ljZjf; s]xL u'd]sf] xf] ls eGg] l:ylt b]vfk]/]sf] 5 . b'O{ ;odf b'O{j6f v/fa ePsf xf]nfg\, ;a} To:tf xf]Ogg\ .

o; a}+ssf] ljQLo cj:yf s:tf] 5 <

dh{ ePkl5 xfd|f] r'Qmf k'FhL *( s/f]8 &( nfv k'u]sf] 5 . To;}u/L c;f/ d;fGt;Ddsf] ljQLo ljj/0fnfO{ cfwf/ dfGbf % ca{ &( s/f]8 lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ ;s]sf 5f+} eg] % ca{ ^) s/f]8 ?k}ofF shf{ nufgL u/]sf 5f}+ . gfkmf @@ s/f]8 ?k}ofF sdfpg ;kmn ePsf 5f}+ . of] a}+ssf] v/fa shf{ c+z @ k|ltzteGbf yf]/} 5 .

o; a}+snfO{ t/ntf cefjn] sltsf] k|efj kf/]sf] 5 <

a}+lsª Joj:yfsf] Pp6f ;b:o ePkl5 xfdL klg of] ;d:ofaf6 c5'tf] /xg ;Sb}gf}+ . ;+:yfcg';f/sf] sd jf a9L eGg] dfqfTds km/s xf] . ;fgf 7"nf ;a} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ nfdf] ;dob]lv of] t/ntfsf] lknf]n] kf]n]sf] 5 . 

t/ntf cefj sf/0f / k|efj

–xl/k|;fb kf08]

t/ntf zAb;Fu ca sf]lx JolQm cglj1 gxf]nfg\ . To;}n] t/ntf zAb tyf o;sf] cy{df eGbf klg o;sf] sf/0f / k|efjsf] af/]df AofVof x'g' a9L ;fGble{s x'G5xf]nf . t/ntf ljz]ift b]zsf] df}lb|s gLlt;Fu ;DalGwt laifo xf] / o;sf] Joj:yfkg s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] ug]{ ub{5 . s'g}a]nf ahf/df gub clws k|afx eP/ d'b|fl:kmtL a9\g uO{ j:t'sf] ahf/efp cToflws j[l4 x'g k'Ub5 / o:tf] a]nf s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] ahf/af6 vr{of]Uo /sd -t/ntf_ artkq, C0fkq jf o:t} cGo cf}hf/x?sf] k|of]u u/L s]Gb|Lo a}+sdf tfgL ljleGg bL3{sfnLg k"jf{wf/ ljsfzsf] If]qdf nufgL ug{ cfjZos jftfj/0f tof/ ub{5 . h;n] ubf{ Psflt/ ahf/ d'No lgoGq0f x'G5 eg] csf]{tkm{ bL3{sflng k'FhL lgdf{0f eO b]zdf ljsfzsf] k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0fsf] k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg ;xh x'G5 . t/ s'g}a]nf ahf/df gub sd k|jfx eP/ vr{of]Uo /sd -t/ntf_ sf] cefj eO{ cfly{s ultljlwdf g} g/fd|f] c;/ k'¥ofO/x]sf] x'G5 .

t/ntfsf] cefj x'Fbf lgIf]k tyf shf{sf] Aofhb/ a9\g hfG5 . o;n] ubf{ pBf]uwGbfdf k|of]u  x'g] k'FhLsf] nfut a9L eO{ ;f] sf] ef/ pBf]uaf6 pTkflbt a:t'x?sf] pTkfbg nfut a9\g uO{ k|lt:kwf{Tds Ifdtfdf x|f; cfpF5 . h;n] ubf{ cf}Bf]lus pTkfbgsf] laqmL 36\g k'Ub5 . ;fdfGo cj:yfdf ToxfF sfo{/t dhb'/ tyf sd{rf/Lx? j]/f]huf/ x'g k'Ub5g\, ToxfF nufgL ug]{ a}+sx?sf] shf{ 8'Ag] cj:yf x'G5 . a}+s shf{ l8kmN6 x'bf Pp6f lglZrt ljGb' ;Dd t a}+sx?n] shf{ gf]S;flg Joxf]g{ ;Snfg\ t/ Tof] eGbf a9L eof] eg] a}+sg} 8'Ag] ;Defjgf x'G5 . s'g} Pp6f a}+s 8'Ag] cj:yf cfof] eg] ;du| a}+lsª If]qk|lt g} lgIf]kstf{x?sf] ljZjf; 36\g hfG5 / ahf/ af6 yk k'FhL knfog x'g yfNb5 .

g]kfndf g]kfn ljsf; a}+saf6 z'? ePsf] ljQLo ;d:of uf]vf{ ljsf; a}+s x'Fb} Soflk6n dr]{G6 P08 kmfOgfG;;Dd cfOk'u]sf] 5 . o;/L s'g} ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;d:of cfpFbf To; ;+:yfdf t/ntf sfod ug]{ u/]sf cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? klg k|efljt x'G5g\ . h:tf] Ps a}+s df ;d:of cfpbf To; a}+sdf vftf vf]nL t/ntf sfod ug]{ u/]sf cGo ljQLo ;+:yf klg ;d:ofdf kb{5g\ . To;}n] xfn t/ntf cefjsf] sf/0f of] 8'Aof] jf Tof] 8'Aof] eGg' eGbf klg s] sf/0fn] of] ;d:of l;h{gf eof] / o;sf] ;dfwfgsf] pkfo s] x'g ;Sb5 elg lgofds lgsfox?n] a]n}df ljZn]if0f u/L cfjZos lg0f{o glng] xf] eg] cem slt ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;d:of cfpF5, of] cg'dfg eGbf aflx/sf] s'/f ePsf] 5 . h'g ;+:yfdf hlt kl/df0fdf hf]af6 unt sfd ePsf] 5 Toxf Toltg} kl/df0fdf uNtL ug]{ JolQmnfO{ g} ;hfo x'g] kl/kf6Lsf] ljsf; ul/g'kb{5 . ? !# s/f]8sf] ljjfbnfO{ aNemfP/ ? # ca{ hf]lvddf kfl/Psf] uf]vf{ ljsf; a}+ssf]] 36\gfnfO{ lgIf]kstf{x/n] klg Vofn /fVg'kg]{ b]lvG5 . To;}u/L a}+s ;+:yfksx?n] klg s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] lbPsf] nfO;]G;sf] e/df lgIf]kstf{n] ljZjf; u/L lgIf]k hDdf u/]F eGb}df ;f] /dsnfO{ Jojl:yt nufgL gu/L JolQmut :jfy{df lnKt eP/ nufgL ug]{ k|j[lQ tTsfn aGb ul/g' kb{5 . ljQLo Joj;fodf lgIf]kstf{x?sf] ljZjf; ha;Dd sfod /xG5 ta;Dd dfq rNb5 . To;}n] a}+s k|j4{sx?n] lgIf]kstf{x?sf] ljZjf; lhTg] u/L sfd ug]{tkm{ Wofg lbg'kb{5 . ah]6 ;dodf gcfpg] / cfPsf] ah]6 klg ;+qmd0fsfnLg kl/l:yltn] ;dodf vr{ x'g g;Sg] cj:yf ahf/df t/ntf cefj x'g'sf] k|d'v sf/0f ePsf] 5 . s'g} Pp6f If]q kmi6fpFbf ;Dk"0f{ k'FhL Tot}lt/ dfq s]Gb|Lt x'g'n] clxn]sf] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . cem kl5Nnf] ;dodf t sltko a}+sx? 3/hUufdf dfq nufgL ug]{ u/L vf]lnPsf] h:tf] b]lvGYof] . ha s]lGb|o a}+sn] 3/hUuf shf{df s8fO{ u¥of], Tolta]n}b]lv a}+sx?sf] nufgL hf]lvddf k/]sf] xf] . Psflt/ 3/hUufsf] sf/f]af/df cfPsf] dGbLn] C0fLsf] cfo>f]tdf sdL cfO{ shf{ ltg{ g;ls/x]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ C0fLn] a}+sdf /fv]sf] lwtf]sf] d"No 36\b} hfbf shf{ ltg{ lxlRsrfpg yfn] . a}+sdf ? !) nfv eGbf a9Lsf] /sd hDdf ubf{ >f]t v'nfpg'kg]{ k|fjwfgn] ubf{ 7"nf lgIf]kstf{x? cgfjZo em0em6df kml;g] 8/n] cf}krfl/s If]q eGbf klg 9's'6L h:tf cgf}krfl/s If]qdf /sdsf] sf/f]af/ ug{ yfn] . cGt/a}+s ;fk6L klg 8'Ag] cj:yfn] a}+sn] a}+snfO{ g} gkTofpg] cj:yf l;h{gf eof] . t/ntf cefj emg\ rls{of] . cem kl5Nnf] ;dodf t xNnfs} e/df a}+s 8'Ag] cj:yf l;h{gf ePsf] 5 . s]lGb|o a}+s tyf  k|j4{sx?n] ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ahf/ ;+j]bgzLntfsf] Vofn gubf{ o:tf] cj:yf cfPsf] xf] .

t/ntf cefj eO{ ljQLo  ;+:yfx? ;d:ofdf kg'{df dfgjLo :jefjn] klg dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]n]sf] 5 . l:ylt ;xh ePsf] a]nfdf h'g ;+:yfdf  ;a}eGbf a9L Aofh 5, ToxL ;+:yfdf lgIf]k /fVg] / l:ylt clnslt c;xh x'Fbf ToxL JolQm cfkm"nfO{ /sd cfjZos gePklg lgIf]k lemSg hfg] k|j[lQn] ljQLo ;+:yf yk  ;d:ofdf kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . 7"nf] cfsf/sf] lgIf]k a}+sx?nfO{ 3fts x'G5 eGg] s'/f a}+sx?n] clxn] cfP/ dx;'z u/]sf] x'g'kb{5 . cem kl5Nnf] ;dodf t JolQmut lgIf]kstf{x?n] ;]gfsf]] /sd 5 ls 5}g eg]/ ;f]Wg] u/]sf] ;d]t kfOPsf] 5 .

o;/L oL ofjt laifox?sf] ;'Id ljZn]if0f u/L s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] a]n}df ;dofg's'n lg0f{o lng'kg]{ x'G5 . ahf/df t/ntf cefj ePsf] a]nfdf ;/sf/L vftfdf ePsf] /sd ;xh} ahf/df k'¥ofpg] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f ug'{sf] ;f6f] pN6} ^ ca{ ^* s/f]8sf] /fli6«o artkq  @)&# hfl/ u/]/ s]Gb|Lo a}+sn] pN6f] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . ahf/df cfly{s dGbL 5fP/ nufgLsf] jftfj/0f lgdf{0f gePsf] a]nfdf lgIf]ksf] Aofhb/ a9fP/ ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] klg pN6f] lg0f{o u/]sf 5g\ . oL ;a} pN6f lg0f{ox?sf] kl/0ffd ef]lnsf lbgx?df ljQLo If]q cem} r'gf}ltk"0f{ x'g] lglZrt 5 .

-kf08] gjsflGtk'/ ax'p2]ZoLo ;xsf/L, alQ;k'tnLsf zfvf k|aGws x'g'x'G5_

xfd|f] a}+sdf tLgnfv eGbf a9L hgtfsf] vftf 5

clxn] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? Pskl5 csf{} ub}{ w/f;foL aGb} uPsf 5g\, lsi6 a}+ssf] cj:yf s:tf] 5 <

utjif{ afl0fHo a}+sx?df s]xL ;d:of kSs} cfPsf] xf] . kmfOgfG;x? klg ;'–zf;gsf] cefj / t/ntf cefjn] ubf{ ;d:ofdf k/] . t/ lsi6 a}+s ;a}eGbf a9L vftf x'g] ;+:yf xf] . xfdL;Fu ;a} zfvf u/L # nfveGbf a9L hgtfn] vftf vf]n]/ sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . of] a}+s hgtfsf] a}+s xf], o;df s'g} JolQmut :jfy{ xfjL 5}g . u|fxsx?n] ;xh / ;'ne a}+lsª ;]jf ;'lawf kfpg'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf xf] . cGo a}+sx?df h'g ;d:of b]vfk/]sf] 5, Tof] lsi6 a+}sdf 5}g . t/ cfkm" a;]sf] ;dfhdf s'g} ;+qmd0f km}lnof] eg] To;sf] k|efj csf{]nfO{ klg k5{ . oBlk o:tf] l:ylt gcfcf]; eg]/ xfdLn] ljleGg k"j{;ts{tf ckgfP/ cl3 a9]sf 5f}+ .

ljQLo cj:yfrflx“ s:tf] 5 t <

xfdLn] @)%( ;fndf kmfOgfG;sf] ?kdf & hgf ldn]/ # s/f]8 nufgLdf of] ;+:yf :yfkgf u/]sf xf} . To;nfO{ l;w} :t/f]Gglt u/]/ lsi6 a}+ssf] ?k lbPsf xf}+ . clxn] xfd|f] a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx? %() gfl3;s], ;]o/ ;b:o ^ xhf/eGbf a9L eO;s] . ut c;f/ d;fGt;Dddf xfd|f] lgIf]k !% ca{ *) s/f]8 k'u]sf] 5 eg] shf{ nufgL !# ca{ $) s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . To:t} ck/]l6ª k|f]lkm6 #^ s/f]8 %# nfv 5 eg] l;8L /]l;of] &#–&$ k|ltztsf] xf/fxf/Ldf 5 . ;a} cfly{s kl/;"rsnfO{ x]bf{ xfdL c?eGbf /fd|f] l:yltdf 5f}+ . b]ze/ %) zfvfaf6 lg/Gt/ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng eO/x]sf] 5 eg] cfufdL lbgdf zfvf ;+Vof cem lj:tf/ u/L ;]jf cem a9fpg] k|of;df 5f}+ .

tkfO{+x?n] h'g?kdf zfvf lj:tf/nfO{ tLa|tf lbg'ePsf] 5, t/ a}+s eg] leqleq} vf]qmf] aGb} uPsf] 5 eGg] ;'lgG5 lg <

g]kfnL ;dfhdf Pp6f pvfg 5– /fd|f] s'/f ;a}nfO{ kRb}g . xf] To:t} ag]sf] xf] lsi6 a}+s . ;d:ofu|:t ePsf] eP ;a}eGbf a9L zfvf lj:tf/ u/]/ pTs[i6 ljQLo sf/f]af/ ug{ ;Sg] lyPg . hgtfsf] ljZjf; x'g] lyPg . sfd u/]kl5 ;d:of g} kb}{g eGg] xf]Og . ;+:yfut ;'–zf;g, kf/bzL{tf, g}ltstf cflb ;a} s'/fsf] ;d'lrt Joj:yfkg ePsf] / ;j{;'ne tl/sfn] hgtfsf] rfxgfcg';f/ sfd ug{] Psdfq a}+s xf] lsi6 . c?sf] 8fxf ug{] xf]Og, c?nfO{ kf7 l;sfpg ;Sg] agfpg' pQd xf], h'g lsi6n] lbPsf] 5 .

lsi6 a}+ssf] nufgLsf  If]q s:tf 5g\ <

xfdLn] l/on:6]6df @! k|ltzt nufgL u/]sf 5f}+ . Tof] /fi6« a+}ssf] dfkb08eGbf sd xf] . ;fy}, cfjZostf cg';f/ lsi6 pBdzLn shf{, lsi6 cfjf; shf{, lsi6 n3'ljQ shf{, lsi6 r]nLa]6L cfjf; shf{, z}lIfs shf{, lsi6 c6f]nf]g shf{, lsi6 ;]o/ lwtf]shf{, lsi6 dfOqmf] kmfOgfG; shf{nufot ljljw If]q klxrfg u/L cfjZostf / dxTjsf] cfwf/df nuffgL u/]sf 5f+} . cg'udgstf{ lgsfon] tf]s]sf] dfkb08eGbf aflx/ uPsf 5}gf}+ .

t/ lsi6 a+}sn] dfkb08 eGbf al9 3/hUufdf nufgL u/]sf] 5 elgG5, lg <

xf], klxnf xfdLnfO{ cfjZostfeGbf a9L l/on:6]6df nufgL u¥of] eGg] cf/f]k nfUof] t/ Tof] ;fFrf] lyPg . ;du|df a9L nufgL eP klg dfkb08eGbf aflx/ uPsf lyPgf}+ . Tof] c?h:tf] pTkfbgzLn If]q lyPg . Tolta]nf / clxn]df l/on:6]6sf] klg efiffd} km/skg cfO;Sof] . clxn] /fi6« a}+ssf] dfkb08 @% k|ltzt 5 . t/ xfdLn] @! k|ltzt dfq l/on:6]6df nufgL u/]sf 5f}+ . clxn] /fi6« a}+sn] g} ufF;, af; / skf; cfwf/e"t cfjZostf xf] eg]/ af;sf] nflu ! s/f]8eGbf sd nufgLnfO{ l/on:6]6 dfGg 5f]l8;s]sf] cj:yf 5 . o; lx;fadf eGg'kbf{ cfufdL lbgdf l/on:6]6df ;a}eGbf sd nufgL ug]{df lsi6 a}+ssf] gfd cu|kª\ltdf cfpF5 .

lsi6 a}+ssf] km/s klxrfg s] xf] t <

lsi6 a}+sn] a}+lsª ahf/df ;w}+ gjLgtd\ / df}lns ;]jf ;'ljwf kl:sFb} cfPsf] 5 . of] a}+sdf hlt ;b:o cfj4 5g\, pgLx? ;a}sf] ;femf 3/ xf] of] . xfdLn] ljleGg zLif{sdf !! eGbf a9L vftfaf6 sf/f]af/nfO{ ;xh agfPsf 5f}+ . To:t}, OG6/g]6 a}+lsª, P;PdP; a}+lsª cflb lsi6sf] csf]{ klxrfg xf] eg] Pl6Pd, ns/ / /]ld6\ofG; sf/f]af/sf] klg Joj:yf ldnfPsf 5f}+ . xfd|f] csf]{ ljif]ztf eg]sf] u|fxsnfO{ hLjg tyf lghL{jg aLdf;DaGwL ;]jf k|bfg ug{ Bancssurance h:tf Vallue added ;]jf ;'?jft u/]sf 5f+} . cGodf To:tf] 5}g . ;+:yfut ;fdflhs pQ/bfloTj, dfgj ;+zfwg, hf]lvd Joj:yfkg, ;"rgf k|ljlw, cGt/f{li6«o ;DaGw nufotdf klg pTs[i6 5lj ePsfn] u|fxsx?sf] dg lhTg ;kmn ePsf 5f}+ .

d'n'sdf ljQLo ;+s6 sxf“af6 ;'? eof] eGg] nfU5 <

;+;f/e/ cfly{s dGbL x'Fbf g]kfndf vf;} k|efj k/]sf] lyPg, t/ cfh lsg o:tf] l:ylt cfof] < o;n] ;+:yfdf g/fd|f] sfd ug]{x? klg /x]5g\ eGg] s'/f k|dfl0ft ul/lbof]  . JolQmn] ;+:yfsf] k};fdf Psflwsf/ hdfpFbf / ;+:yfut ;'–zf;g sfod /fVg g;Sbf o:tf] cj:yf cfPsf] xf] . o;n] k|dfl0ft u¥of] ls,  s;}n] ulNt u5{ eg] Tof] w]/} l6Sg ;Sb}g .

tkfO{+sf] ljrf/df o:tf] ;+s6af6 d'lQm kfpg] pkforflx“ s] xf] t < 

klxnf] s'/f t, ;+:yfut ;'–zf;g sfod /fVg ;Sg'k5{ . ahf/ ;Gt'ng /fVg ;Sg' k5{ . sltko a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ;a} ;"rsf+s ;Gt'lnt x'Fbfx'Fb} klg t/ntf cefjaf6 c5'tf] /xg ;s]gg\ . To;}n] clxn] t/ntf Joj:yfkg klxnf] k|fyldstf xf] . Tof] klg clGtd r/0fdf k'lu;s]sf] 5 . ;xL ;dodf ah]6 cfof], To;n] klg s]xL ;fy lbPsf] 5 . /fi6« a}+sn] klg cfkm\gf] tkm{af6 gLltut k|lqmof cl3 a9fPsf] 5 . ;fy}, a}+sx?aLr cGt/a}+lsª C0fdf klg kf/bzL{tf Nofpg'k5{ . olt ePdf s]xL dfqfdf hf]lvd Go"gLs/0f x'G5 .

cGt/a}+lsª shf{df klg a}+sx?aLr cfk;L cljZjf; b]lvG5 lg, xf]Og <

o:tf] klxn]b]lv g} x'Fb} cfPsf] xf] . ;du| sf/f]af/df ptf/ r9fa cfPkl5 o;df klg cK7\of/f] dx;'z eOxfN5 . xfdLn] klg o:tf] sf/f]af/ w]/} a}+s;Fu u/]sf 5f}+ . v} Û xfdLnfO{ To:tf] cljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f cfPh:tf] nfUb}g . dnfO{ nfU5, Pp6} If]q, Pp6} sf/f]af/, Ps} :j?kdf rNg] ;+:yfn] Ps–csf{k|lt cljZjf; ub{}gg\ .

clxn] w]/} a+}s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? dh{/sf] k|lqmofdf  nfu]sf 5g\, s] dh{/ ljQLo ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf] pkfo xf] <

d 7"nf] / kf/bzL{ ;+:yfdfly ljZjf; u5{' . hxfF ;+:yfut ;'–zf;g /fd|f] 5, Joj:yfkg kIf ;an 5, To:tf] ;+:yfdf s'g} ;d:of cfpFb}g . s]xL ;docl3sf] dh{/ k|lqmof cflQP/ ePsf] lyof] t/ cfh ;a}n] a'lem;s] ls, ;+:yf 7"nf] x'g cfjZos 5 . dh{/ k|lqmofn] ;+:yfsf] ;du| ultljlwdf cfwf/ v8f u5{ . To;}n] klg cfh dh{/ ckl/xfo{ eO;Sof] . ;du|df eGg'kbf{ dh{/ ljQLo k|ultsf] nflu clt cfjZos 5 .

lsi6 a}+s klg dh{/sf] k|lqmofdf 5 <

lsi6 a}+sdf nfdf] a}+lsª cg'ej ePsf / pRr Joj;flos ;kmntf xfl;n u/]sf JolQmx? cfj4 5g\ . o:tf] cj:yfdf dh{/ ePdf ;+:yfsf] sf/f]af/ clg Joj;fodf cem kf/bzL{tf ylkG5 . o;sf] nflu xfdLn] klg k|lqmof cl3 a9fPsf 5f}+ . cfkm";Fu ldNg] / vf]h]h:tf] ;+:yf kfPdf xfdL dh{/df hfG5f} .

gof“ ah]6n] a}+lsª If]qnfO{ s:tf] k|efj kfg]{ b]Vg'x'G5 <

h'g;'s} ;/sf/ eP klg ah]6 ;dodf cfpg'k5{ . o;kfnL ;dod} ah]6 cfPsf] 5 . sltko ;fyLx?n] ah]6 ;xsf/Ld'vL eof] klg eg]sf 5g\ . xfdL s]xL gkfpFbf kfPgf}+ eG5f}+ clg kfPkl5 klg w]/} cfzf u5f{}+  . klxnf ah]6 g} ;dodf cfpFb}gYof], clxn] ah]6 t ;dodf cfof] . ah]6df h'g?kdf x]/]klg ;+:yfut ;+/rgf /fd|f] / ;'–zf;gdf cl8u 5 eg] s'g} ;d:of kb}{g .

s]lGb|o a}+ssf] e"ldsfk|lt oxf“sf] wf/0ff s] 5 <

lzz'nfO{ hGd lbPkl5 x'sf{pg' cljefjssf] st{Jo xf] . hGdfP/ dfq p;sf] ;du| ljsf; x'g ;Sb}g . ljutsf lbgdf s]xL sdhf]/L eP xf]nfg\ t/ clxn]sf] l:yltdf g/fd|f] eGg ldNb}g . Pp6fnfO{ g/fd|f] nfu]sf] s'/f csf]{nfO{ /fd|f] nfUg ;S5 . Pp6f a}+sn] sdhf]/L dxz'; ub}{df gLlt g} 7Ls 5}g eGg' pko'Qm x'Fb}}g . lgoGq0fd'vL gLlt t cfhsf] cfjZostf g} xf] .

km:6fof] 9's'6Lsf] ca}w sf/f]af/

– lahg]; hg{n 8]:s

a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df lgIf]k 36\b} uPkl5 t/ntf cefj l;h{gf ePsf] 5 eg] ;du| cy{tGqsf] 9f8 ;]lsPsf] 5 . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ x]g]{ ;/sf/ / /fi6« a}+ssf] cg'bf/jfbL gLltsf sf/0f sltko a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? sf/f]af/ ug{ g;Sg] cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ . a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?lj?4 a]nfa]nfdf x'g] u/]sf] unt k|rf/afhLsf sf/0f lgIf]kstf{x?n] cfkm\gf] l8kf]lh6 /sd wdfwd lems]/ cj}w sf/f]af/df nufpg yfn]kl5 s]xL ;'b[9f]Gd'v afl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s tyf cGo ljQLo ;+:yfx? cK7\of/f]df k/]sf 5g\ .

kl5Nnf] ;dodf a}+lsª k|0ffnLnfO{ g} cK7\of/f]df kfg]{ u/L km:6fPsf] u}/sfg'gL sf/f]af/ xf]– 9's'6L . a}+sdf cfkm\gf] vftfdf /x]sf] lgIf]k /sd lems]/ 9's'6L v]Ng]x? / v]nfpg]x?sf] ;+Vof clxn] XjfQ} a9]sf] 5 . of] cj}w wGbfdfkm{t b}lgs s/f]8f}+sf] sf/f]af/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . gub n]gb]gd} x'g] o:tf] wGbfsf] /sd a}+lsª k|0ffnLdf hfFb}g, u}/a}+lsª ?kdf rnv]n x'g] u5{ . ;/sf/L lgsfox?sf] pbfl;gtfsf sf/0f o:tf sf/f]af/Lx?sf] ;~hfn clxn] lgs} km}lnO;s]sf] 5 . nueu g]6js{ dfs]{l6ªsf] ;+/rgf;Fu ldNbf]h'Nbf] of] wGbfaf6 sf]xL /ftf/ft s/f]8klt ePsf 5g\ eg] sltko cj:yfdf c?sf] /sd xft kf/]/ 9's'6L v]nfpg] d"n JolQm km/f/ x'Fbf v]Ng]x? klg y'k|} 8'a]sf 5g\ .

9's'6Ldf nfvb]lv s/f]8f}+sf] sf/f]af/ x'g] u/]sf] o;sf e'Qmef]uLx? atfpF5g\ . t/, o:tf] sf/f]af/ /fh:jdf eg] cfj4 x'Fb}g . To;}n] klg o:tf] cj}w sf/f]af/df /f]s nufpg' kg]{ cfjfh ;j{q pl7/x]sf] 5 . 9's'6L v]Nbf 7luPsf y'k|} ph'/Lx? k|x/L k|zf;gdf klg kg]{ u/]sf 5g\ . t/, g o:tf] 7uLdf sf/afxL ug]{ a}wflgs cfwf/ 5, g t sf/f]af/ ug{ kfpg] sfg'gL Joj:yf g} . ;fdfGo lrof k;nb]lv tf/] xf]6n;Dd, v'nf rf}/b]lv lghL lgjf;df ;d]t ;d"x–;d"x hDdf eP/ v]lng] of] v]ndfly lgoGq0f ug{ k|x/Ln] s]xL lbgotf cln ;lqmotf b]vfpg yfn]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . cfkm"x?dfly To;/L k|x/Ln] lgu/fgL a9fpg yfn]sf] rfn kfPkl5 9's'6L v]Ng]x?n] o;sf] 9fFrfdf klg kl/jt{g ug{ yfn]sf] rf/ 7fpFdf 9's'6L v]ln/x]sf Ps JolQm atfpF5g\ .

ljut nfdf] ;dob]lv 9's'6L v]Nb} cfPsf Ps ;d'xaLr ;'lgPsf] rrf{cg';f/ k|x/Ln] lgu/fgL a9fpg yfn]kl5 ca pgLx?n] ;a}hgf Ps} 7fpFdf e]nf geO{ P;PdP;dfkm{t 9's'6L vfg] ls c?nfO{ 5f]l8lbg] eGg] lg0f{o ug]{5g\ . PdPdP;dfkm{t 9's'6L vfg] jf 5f]8\g] eGg]af/] lg0f{o ug]{ pgLx?sf] o:tf] /0fgLlt 7uLsf] k|ljlwo'Qm cfw'lgs z}nL xf] . pgLx?sf] of] /f0fgLlt klg k|x/Ln] yfxf kfO;s]sf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . pQm ;|f]t eG5–æt/, sfg'gL cefjsf sf/0f o:tf] wGbfdf nfu]sfx?nfO{ sf/afxL ug{ k|x/LnfO{ ;d:of kl//x]sf] 5, cfjZos sfg'gL Joj:yf ug{ ;DalGwt lgsfosf clwsf/Lx?n] s'g} rf;f] b]vfPsf 5}gg\ .Æ

To;f] t 9's'6L v]Ng] wGbfdf pRr kb:y ;/sf/L clws[tx? / ltgsf kl/jf/sf ;b:ox? ;d]t ;+nUg /x]sf] k|x/L ;|f]t atfpF5 . ;|f]t eG5– æo; wGbfdf k|x/Ls} pRr clws[tx? Kflg ;+nUg kfOPsf 5g\ . To;}n] klg of] ca}w sf/f]af/ lgoGq0fdf cfpg g;s]sf] xf] .Æ 9's'6L v]Ng a}+sdf /x]sf] cfkm\gf] vftfaf6 /sd lems]/ cj}w sf/f]af/df nufpg]x?dfly /fi6« a}+sn] ;d]t lgu/fgL ;'? u/]sf] /fi6« a}+ssf Ps pRr clws[tn] atfP . t/, lgoGq0fdf ;d:of /x]sf] ;+s]t ub}{ Joª\UofTds?kdf pgn] eg] –æxfd|} sltko xflsdx? o:tf] wGbfdf nfu]sf] ;'lgG5, clg s;/L  o:tf] wGbfdfly lgikIf lgu/fgL xf]nf eGg ;lsG5 < a+}sdf k};f /fVof], cfFv} gnfUg], Jofh klg cfpFb}g . 9's'6L v]Nof] eg] /ftf/ft nvklt eOG5 . wg eg]kl5 dxfb]jsf] klg tLg g]q eGg] ;'Gg' ePsf] 5}g <Æ

9's'6L v]Ng]x?sf] ju{ jf ;d"x klg km/s km/s x'g] u/]sf] 5 pgLx?sf] cfly{s x}l;otcg';f/ . nfvsf] lx;fa;Dd 9's'6L v]Ng]x? ;fdfGo tyf dWod cfly{s x}l;otsf x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 eg] s/f]8eGbf dfly v]Ng]x? k|foMh;f] pRr 3/fgfsf Jofkf/L, df/jf8L ;d'bfo, pRrkb:y ;/sf/L sd{rf/L tyf 5f]6f] ;dod} cs't cj}w ;DklQ hf]8\g ;kmn /fhgLlts cfj/0fsf t:s/x? . vf;u/L, sdhf]/ cfly{s cj:yf ePsf bfh'efO{ Pj+ gft]bf/x?nfO{ cfly{s?kn] ;jn agfpg] p2]Zon] df/jf8L ;d'bfon] k|rngdf NofPsf] 9's'6L v]Ng] k|rng clxn] g]kfnL ;d'bfodf ljs[ltsf] ?kdf df}nfPsf] 5 . cy{ljZn]ifsx? eG5g\–æof] ljs[ltnfO{ s8f sfg'g agfP/ ;/sf/n] rfF8f]eGbf rfF8f] lgoGq0f gug]{ xf] eg] t/ntf cefj / a}+lsª ;+s6 emg\ eofjx aGg] lglZrt 5 .Æ ;/sf/n] o;cl3 NofPsf] !) nfveGbf a9Lsf] sf/f]af/ ubf{ cfo;|f]t v'nfpg' kg]{ ;Ldf tf]s]kl5 PsfPs df}nfPsf] xf] 9's'6Lsf] ca}w sf/f]af/ . cfly{s jif{ )^*÷^( sf] ah]6df eg] %) nfv;Dd a}+sdf hDdf ubf{ cfo;|f]t v'nfpg' gkg]{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] 5 . of] ;Ldf a9fP klg 9's'6Lsf] b'lgofFdf 3'ld/x]sf] /sd s] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df kmls{Pnf t < kmls{G5 eGg]df w]/}nfO{ ljZjf; 5}g, lsgls 9's'6Lsf] g;f nfu]/ /ftf/ft dfnfdfn ePsfx?n] …gfgLb]lv nfu]sf] afgLÚ eg] em+} a}+lsª k|0ffnLdfkm{t sf/f]af/ ug]{ ;Defjgf Go"g b]lvG5 .

u}/a}+lsª sf/f]af/ a9\of]
rsf]{ Aofhsf] wGbfdf ;+ul7t lu/f]x

;/sf/sf] cb'/bzL{ / xr'jf lg0f{on] cy{tGqdf slt 7"nf] wSsf k'¥ofpFbf] /x]5 eGg] s'/f o;cl3 !) nfv eGbf a9L /sd a}+sdf hDdf ug]{n] cfo;|f]t v'nfpg' kg]{ eGb} tf]lsPsf] xbaGbLkl5 a}lsª sf/f]af/df cfPsf] sdLaf6 k|i6 x'G5 . /fi6« a}+ssf] kl5Nnf] Ps cWoogcg';f/ !) nfveGbf a9Lsf] sf/f]af/ ubf{ ;|+f]t b]vfpg' kg]{ ;Ldf tf]lsPkl5 jflif{s # va{ ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] sf/f]af/ u}/a}lsª If]qdf ePsf] 5 . o:tf] sf/f]af/ d'n'ssf] a}lsª If]qsf nflu dfq xf]Og, ;du| cy{tGqs} nflu 3fts l;4 ePsf] 5 .

/fi6« a}+ssf] /]s8{df sfg'gL k|lqmof cg';f/ jflif{s !! va{ ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] sf/f]af/ x'g] u/]sf] 5 . t/, # va{ ?k}ofF eGbf a9L /sd u}/sfg'gL ?kdf sf/f]af/  ePsfn] cy{tGqnfO{ ;+s6u|:t agfPsf] 5 . o:tf] 7"nf] /sd a/fa/sf] u}/sfg'gL sf/f]af/af/] ;/sf/L clwsf/Lx?nfO{ /fd|f];Fu yfxf eP klg cfkm\g} sdhf]/Ln]] To:tf] lgolt ef]Ug' k/]sf sf/0f pgLx? To; ljifod} cglj1 h:t} b]lv/x]sf 5g\ . æx'g t, u}/sfg'gL cfDbfgLnfO{ e|i6frf/sf] bfo/fdf NofP/ /fhZjdf j[l4 ug]{ p2]Zon] ;/sf/n] !) nfveGbf a9Lsf] sf/f]af/df cfDbfgLsf] ;|+f]t v'nfpg' kg]{ gLlt cjnDag ug'{ v/fa s'/f lyPgÆ cy{ljb\x? eG5g\ æt/, ;DalGwt ;/sf/L lgsfox?n] To; ljifodf lgoldt cg'udg Pj+ sf/afxL ug{ g;Sbf pQm  gLlt d'n'ss} cy{tGqdf k|To'Tkfbs aGof] .Æ

clxn] t/ntf cefjsf sf/0f s]xL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? aGb x'g] cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ eg] u}/a}+lsª sf/f]af/ ug]{ …/sdL ;fx'Ú x? ;+:yfut ?kd} a+u'/ em+} df]6fO/x]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] !) nfveGbf a9L /sd a}+sdf hDdf ubf{ cfo;|f]t vf]Hg] 3f]if0ff u/]b]lv g} u}/a}+lsª sf/f]af/ a9\g yfn]sf] lyof] . Tof];Fu} klxn] klxn] ufpF3/lt/ ;fx'–dxfhg tyf ;fdGtx?n] td;'ssf cfwf/df rsf]{ Jofh lnP/ C0f k|bfg ug]{x? em}+ ;+ul7t lu/f]xsf] ;~hfn sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq km:6fPsf] 5 . o;/L u}/sfg'gL?kdf sf/f]af/ ug]{x?n] Go"gtd\ @$ b]lv ztk|ltzt;Dd jflif{s Jofh lnP/ sf/f]af/ u/]sf] ;d]t kfOof] . o:tf] sf/f]af/sf sf/0f a}+lsª k|0ffnL c:tJo:t aGg k'u]sf] xf] . u'08f tyf k|x/Ls} ;+/If0fdf /sdL ;fx' aGg] Joj;fo km:6fPsf] atfpF5g\ o:tf] sf/f]af/sf e'Qmef]uLx? .

csf]{lt/, cWoognufot ljleGg k|of]hgdf ljb]z hfFbf b]vfpg' kg]{ a}+s Aofn]G; b]vfpg] sf/f]af/ ug]{ JolQm tyf ;+:yfx?dfkm{t klg u}/sfg'gL ?kdf k};fsf] rnv]n x'g] u/]sf] 5 . o:tf] sf/f]af/ ug]{ JolQm jf ;+:yfx?n] Psnfv a/fa/ b}lgs Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF Jofh lng]u/L v'Nndv'Nnf sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . o:tf] u}/sfg'gL sf/f]af/ u/]/ s]xL JolQm tyf ;+:yfx? dfnfdfn alg/x]sf eP klg ;DalGwt lgsfosf clwsf/Lx? o; ljifodf df}g b]lvG5g\ . hals of] klg Ps lx;fan] k'FhL knfog x'g'h:t} xf] . o:tf] u}/sfg'gL wGbfdf ;+nUg ;+:yfx? sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf dfq} ;oeGbf a9L /x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . t/, ltgnfO{ sf/afxL x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

clxn] jflif{s # va{ ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] /]ld6\ofG; cf}krfl/s If]qaf6 / Tolt g} a/fa/sf] /sd cgf}krfl/s If]qaf6 lelqg] u/]sf] tYofÍ ;'gfp5g\ /fi6« a}+ssf clwsf/Lx? . ljut kfFr jif{df j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg]x?sf] ;+Vof lg/Gt/ al9/x] klg pgLx?n] k7fPsf] /]ld6\ofG; Psflt/ w]/}h;f] a}+lsª k|0ffnLdf ;dfj]z ePsf] kfOFb}g eg] a}+lsª sf/f]af/df cfj4 ePsf] /sd klg pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf k|of]u geO{ ljnfl;tfsf nflu a9L k|of]u x'g yfn]sf] kfOG5 . /]ld6\ofG;nfO{ pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf kl/rfng ug]{ alnof] gLlt Pj+ plrt jftfj/0f gx'Fbf To;sf] k|efj cfly{s j[l4b/df kg{ ;s]sf] 5}g . hals cfly{s jif{ )^#÷^$ b]lv )^&÷^* ;Ddsf] cjlwdf dfq} j}b]lzs /f]huf/Ldf hfg]x?sf] ;+Vof !# nfv @@ xhf/ eGbf a9L 5 .

ækmf];{km'NnL dh{/Æ h?/L eO;Sof]

czf]s s'df/ v8\sf
gfoj dxfk|aGws, :6]088{ kmfOgfG; lnld6]8

czf]ss'df/ v8\sf u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3sf ;+:yfks cWoIf pk]Gb| dxtf]sf] d'Vo nufgLdf :yflkt :6f088{ kmfOgfG;sf gfoj dxfk|aGws x'g\ . :6f088{ kmfOgfG; :yfkgfsf] !^ cf}+ jif{ k"/f u/]/ !& jif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . laut # dlxgfb]lv sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] e"ldsf lgjf{x ub}{ cfPsf v8\sfn] ;g\ !((% df tTsfnLg g]kfn OG8f]:j]h -g]kfn OGe]i6d]G6_ a}+ssf] af/fsf] lhtk'/ zfvf OGrfh{sf ?kdf a}+lsª sl/c/ ;'? u/]sf x'g\ . kmfOgfG;df cfpg' cufl8 pgL k|fOd sdl;{on a}+sdf sfo{/t lyP . pgL @))( cS6f]a/b]lv :6f088{{ kmfOgfG;df gfoj dxfk|aGwssf ?kdf k|j]z u/]sf x'g\ . afl0fHo a}+sdf :t/f]Gglt ug]{ of]hgfsf ;fy cl3 a9]sf] ;f] kmfOgfG; g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] ‘u’ ju{af6 :t/f]GgtL u/]/ l;w} jfl0fHo a}+s aGg gkfOg] lgb]{zg hf/L u/]kl5 dh{ eP/ jf s'g} a}+s lsg]/ eP klg afl0fHo a}+s aGg] of]hgfdf 5 . d'n'se/ !! j6f zfvf ePsf] o; ljQLo ;+:yfdf t/ntfsf] ;d:of g/x]sf] v8\sfsf] bfjL 5 . v8\sf;“u lahg]; hg{nn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgL M–

a+}lsª If]qdf t/ntfsf] ;d:of a9\g yfn]sf] 5, :6]088{ kmfOgfG;sf] cj:yfrflx“ s] 5 <

xfd|f] kmfOgfG; :yfkgf ePsf] !& jif{ eof] . clxn];Dd xfdLnfO{ t/ntf ;d:of 5}g . xfd|f] t/ntfsf] cj:yf Psbd dha't 5 . lgIf]k lg/Gt/ a9\bf] qmddf 5 . clxn]sf] aflx/L jftfj/0fsf] k|efj xfdLdf k/]sf] 5}g .

kmfOgfG; sDkgLx? k|lt hgtfsf] ljZjf; 36\g'sf] sf/0f s] xf] <

@)^^ ;fnsf] bz}+sf] a]nf gf]6 cefjsf sf/0f hgtfx?n] a}+s tyf kmfOgfG; sDkgLx?af6 cfkm\gf] /sd klg rfx] hlt lgsfNg ;s]gg\, To;}a]nfb]lv hgtfsf]  ljZjf; 36\g ;'? ePsf] / t/ntf ;+s'rg ;'? ePsf] xf] . ;'?jftrflxF Tof] a]nfb]lv eof] t/ o;sf z[+vnfj4 sf/0fx? 5g\, h:t}M l/on :6]6 shf{df lgoGq0f, g]K;]df ePsf] lu/fj6, ljleGg kmfOgfG; sDklgx? aGb eOlbg' / k|d'vtM /fi6« a}+sn] u / 3 au{df lgIf]k g/fVg] lg0f{o ug{' g} xf] .

:6f088{ kmfOgfG;nfO{ hgtfn] ljZjf; ug'{kg]{ sf/0f s] xf] t <

xfdL !& jif{ k'/fgf] ;+:yf xf}+ . o;df u}/cfjf;Lo g]kfnL ;+3sf ;:yfks cWoIf pk]Gb| dxtf] / pxfFsf] kl/jf/sf] d'Vo nufgL /x]sf] 5 . @! hgf ;+:yfks ;]o/wgL /x]sf] o; kmfOgfG;df ^)Ü ;+:yfks ;d"xsf] ;]o/ :jfldTj /x]sf] 5 eg] $)Ü ;]o/ ;j{;fwf/0fsf] 5 . /fi6« a}+sn] lbPsf lgb]{zgx? :jefljs 9+un] kfngf u/]sf 5f}+ . @)^^ ;fnsf] bz}+df ePsf] t/ntfsf] h'g ;d:of lyof], To;nfO{ cfwf/ dfg]/ xfdLn] Tolta]n}b]lv ljz]if Joj:yf u¥of}+ / To;nfO{ lg/Gt/tf lbof}+ . t/ntfsf ljifodf ;w}+ ;r]t /Xof+} .

:6]088{ kmfOgfG;sf] :t/f]Gglt k|lqmof To;} cnkq k¥of] lg <

xfdLnfO{ k'FhLsf] s'g} ;d:of 5}g . Ps ca{ r'Qmf k'FhL k'¥ofO;s]sf 5f}+ . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] kmfOgfG;nfO{ l;w} afl0fHo a+}sdf :t/f]GgtL ug{ glbg] /0fgLlt lnPsf]n] clxn] sDkgLsf] k'FhL j[l4sf nflu g]kfn lwtf]kq af]8{df cfj]bg u/] klg k|lqmof cl3 a9fpg ;lsPsf] 5}g . ca sDkgL cGo ;:yf;Fu dh{ eP/ ePklg jfl0fHo a}+s cjZo aG5 . xfdL;Fu Psbh{g ljQLo ;+:yfx? Dfh{ x'g k|:tfj lnP/ cfPsf 5g\ . xfdL tL ;+:yfsf] cg';Gwfgdf 5f}+, xtf/ u/]/ s'g}klg ;+:yf;Fu dh{ u/]/ hfg] kIfdf 5}gf}+ . tL ;+:yfsf] ;+:yfut ;'zf;g s:tf] 5, lnSjLl86L kf]lh;g s:tf] 5, PglkP s:tf] 5, x/]s sd{rf/Lsf] kf]lh;g s:tf] 5, Tof] x]/]/ dfq} dh{ x'G5f}+ . kmfOgflG;on ;]S6/sf] ljsNk eg]s} dh{/ xf] . d t eG5', hlt ljQLo ;+:yf dh{ x'g'kYof]{, Tof] ePg .

ljQLo ;+:yfx? lsg l56f] dh{ x'g g;s]sf x'g\ eGg] nfU5 <

To;df b'O{j6f sf/0f 5g\ . Pp6f af]8{ n]ansf] / csf]{ d]g]hd]G6 k|d'v cyf{t l;Ocf] g} dh{/sf afws x'g\ . pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] JolQmut :jfy{sf] nflu dh{ ug{ rfxFb}gg\ . sdhf]/ ;+:yfx? cfkm"eGbf /fd|f] ;+:yf;Fu dh{ x'g rfxFb}gg\ . cfkm"eGbf /fd|f];Fu dh{ eof] eg] sdhf]/ ;+:yfsf] l;Ocf] dh{ ePkl5 l;Ocf] x'g kfpFb}g / af]8{df cfkm"n] eg]hlt ;~rfns aGg kfpFb}gg\ . oL g} dh{/sf afws x'g\ . dh{/sf nflu ;do lbg] xf]Og, /fi6« a}+sn] l;w} kmf];{ dh{/ u/fOlbg' kg]{ x'G5 s]xL ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ . h'g sdhf]/ / eljiodf w/f;foL x'g]jfnf 5g\ tL ;+:yfx?sf] af]8{ / Joj:yfkg ;d"xnfO{ vf/]h u/]/ Pp6f dh{/ sld6L u7g u/]/ t'?Gt kmf];{ dh{/ ug{ h?/L eO;Sof] . /fi6« a}+sn] kmf];{km'NnL dh{/ gu/fP/ ca b'O{ rf/j6f ;+:yf 8'Ag lbOof] eg] g]kfnsf] kmfOgflG;on ;]S6/ k"/} sf]NofK; x'G5 .

o; kmfOgfG;sf] ljQLo cj:yf s:tf] 5 <

kmfOgfG;n] c;f/ d;fGt;Dd @ ca{ () s/f]8 lgIf]k ;+sng ug{ ;kmn ePsf] 5 eg] nufgL @ ca{ ^) s/f]8 /x]sf] 5 . c;f/ d;fGt;Dd gfkmf ^ s/f]8 sdfpg ;kmn ePsf] 5, cl3Nnf] jif{ % s/f]8 ^) nfv gfkmf sdfpg ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . ;+:yfsf] lgIf]k / shf{ cg'kft &^ k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 . t/ntf @% k|ltzt /x]sf] 5 .

kmfOgfG;sf] cfufdL of]hgf s] 5 <

d'Vo of]hgf kmfOgfG;nfO{ :6«f]ª agfpg] xf], lsgeg] t/ntf cefj km]l/ klg gcfpnf eGg ;lsGg . xfdL clxn] sdfpg] kIfdf 5}gf}+, b¥xf] x'g] kIfdf 5f+} . xfdL rfF8} # j6f zfvf lj:tf/ ug]{ of]hgfdf 5f}+– lj/f6gu/, aL/uGh / ;Nofgdf . clxn] s]lGb|o sfof{no;lxt !@ j6f zfvf ;~rfngdf 5g\ . kmfOgfG;sf] cfkm\g} ejg lgdf{0ffwLg cj:yfdf 5 / s]xL ;doleq} kmfOgfG;sf] d'Vo sfof{no ToxfF ;5{ . To:t} kmfOgfG;n] lgIf]kstf{nfO{ ;xh xf];\ eGg] lx;fan] P;l;6L g]6js{df lgMz'Ns P6LPd ;]jf pknJw u/fOx]sf] 5 . 

/fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/LnfO{ ;'ljw} ;'ljwf

;du| ljQLo k|0ffnLsf] lgodg / lgoGq0f ug]{ lgsfo, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s . cfjZostf cg';f/ d'b|f lgisf;g ug]{ sfd klg s]lGb|o a}+ssf] x}l;otdf /fi6« a}+sn] g} u5{ . ahf/ d"No lgoGq0f ug]{ clVtof/ k|fKt /fi6« a}+snfO{ k};fsf] e08f/ klg elgG5 . cflv/ …of] k};fsf] e08f/Ú df hflu/ vfg] sd{rf/Lx?sf] slt 5 tna ;'ljwf < w]/}nfO{ lh1f;f nflu/x]sf] k|Zg xf] of] . pgLx?sf] tna ;'ljwf lghfdlt sd{rf/Lx?sf] t'ngfdf bf]Aa/eGbf a9L 5 . ;/sf/L :jfldTjs} lgsfo /fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ lghfdlt sd{rf/Lsf] t'ngfdf bf]Aa/ eGbf a9L tna ;'ljwf lbg s] 5 t /fi6« a}+ssf] cfDbfgLsf] ;|f]t < ljb]zL d'b|faf6 x'g] d'gfkmf g} /fi6« a}+ssf] cltl/Qm cfo;|f]t xf] . To;afx]s ;'grfFbLsf] laqmL ljt/0f tyf cfGtl/s Joj:yfkgsf] z'Ns / sldzg klg /fi6« a}+ssf] cfDbfgLsf cGo af6f x'g\ . oL  ljleGg ;|f]tx?af6 /fi6« a}+sn] utjif{ sl/a # ca{ ?k}ofF d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf] lyof] . t/, /fi6« a}+sn] cfly{s jif{ )^^÷^& df @ ca{ ^& s/f]8 ^$ nfv ?k}ofF sd{rf/Lsf] tnj eQfdf vr{ u¥of] . of] vr{ cfly{s jif{ )^%÷^^ sf] t'ngfdf sl/a &# s/f]8 a9L xf] . x/]s jif{ sd{rf/Lsf] ;]jf ;'ljwf a9fpFb} cfPsf] /fi6« a}+sn] Ps}jif{ &# s/f]8 ;'ljwf a9fPsf]k|lt w]/}n] cfZro{ JoQm u/]sf 5g\ .

d'n'ssf] ;du| ljQLo cj:yf clxn] cToGt k|lts"n 5 . o:tf] cj:yfdf c? lghL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df lbOg] tna ;'ljwf lgoGq0f ug]{ /fi6« a}+ss} sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna ;'ljwf jif]{gL a9fpg' cg'lrt ePsf] atfpF5g\ cy{ljb\x? . pgLx?sf cg';f/ sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna ;'ljwf :t/Lo x'Fbf e|i6frf/ 36\b} hfg] ck]Iff ug{ ;lsG5 t/ Tof] :t/ /fHosf cGo c+usf t'ngfdf c:jefljs?kdf a9L x'Fbf ljs[lt hlGdg ;S5 . /fi6« a}+ssf  sd{rf/Lx?n] xfn vfOkfO cfPsf] tna ;'ljwfnfO{ g]kfnsf] ljBdfg cy{Joj:yf Pj+ ;fdflhs kl/j]zdf c:jefljs g} ePsf] cGo ;/sf/L :jfldTjsf a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx? atfpF5g\ . pgLx? eG5g\– c?sf] tna ;'ljwfdf c+s'z nufpg vf]Hg]n] cfkm"n] rflxF s] ul//x]sf 5f}+ eGg] klg n]vfhf]vf ug'{k5{ . 8f8kGo" xftdf 5 eGb}df ;a} cfkm\g} efudf vGofpg vf]Hg' t ePg lg Û

o:tf] 5 tna ;'ljwf

/fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?n] xfn;Dd lnO/x]sf] tna ;'ljwf ;fdfGo cfly{s cj:yf ePsf gful/sx?sf lglDt t c;fdfGo g} 5 . cem o; cfly{s jif{b]lv ;/sf/n] ;a} sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna pNn]Vo a9fPkl5 ToxfFsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna ;'ljwf klg emg\ cfsflzg] ePsf] 5 . To;afx]s /fi6« a}+sn] cfGtl/s?kdf k'gM ;]jf ;'ljwf yk ug]{ tof/L ul//x]sf] a'lemPsf] 5 . clxn] g} /fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?sf] tna cGo ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx?sf] t'ngfdf a9L 5 . To;afx]s ;a}eGbf tNnf] txb]lv dflyNnf] tx;Ddsf sd{rf/Ln] Go"gtd\ % xhf/ ^$% ?k}ofF b]lv clwstd\ @% xhf/ ^)) ?k}ofF;Dd dfl;s?kdf s]lGb|o a}+s eQf kfO/x]sf 5g\ . vfhf eQfjfkt ToxfFsf k|To]s sd{rf/Ln] dfl;s # xhf/ ?k}ofF a'em\5g\ .

lgjf;df 6]lnkmf]g gePsf sd{rf/LnfO{ 6]lnkmf]g h8fg ug{sf nflu & xhf/ ?k}ofF, ;x–;lrj:t/ cyf{t /fi6« a}+ssf] lgb]{zseGbf dflysf sd{rf/LnfO{ uf8L rnfpg l;Sg * xhf/ ?k}ofF lbOG5 eg] lghL ;jf/L ;fwg k|of]u ug]{n] dfl;s?kdf &% ln6/sf b/n] k]6«f]n kfpF5g\ . To:t}, sd{rf/L sNof0fsf/L sf]ifsf gfddf k|To]s jif{sf] ;fpg dlxgfdf sd{rf/Ln] vfOkfO cfPsf] jflif{s tnasf] !@ k|ltztn] x'g cfpg] /sd ;f] a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?sf] JolQmut vftfdf hDdf x'g] u/L Psd'i7 ?kdf lbOG5 . /fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ bhf{cg';f/ *% xhf/b]lv $ nfv ?k}ofF;Ddsf] b'3{6gf ladf;d]t ul/Psf] 5 . pgLx?n] 3/hUuf vl/b ug{sf nflu !@ nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ;fk6L klg kfpF5g\ . a9L ;do sfd u/]sf] cfwf/df pgLx?n] vfhf vr{jfkt klg yk /sd kfpF5g\ . /fi6« a}+ssf ljleGg zfvf sfof{nosf k|d'vx?n] 5'§} dfl;s?kdf @ xhf/ % ;ob]lv # xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd sfof{no eQf kfpF5g\ . /fi6« a}+sdf sfd ug]{ sd{rf/Lx?n] sd{rf/Lx?sf] txcg';f/ ! xhf/ & ;o %) ?k}ofFb]lv !@ xhf/ ?k}ofF;Dd kqklqsf ;'ljwfsf nflu /sd lnG5g\ . jflif{s tnasf] @& b]lv !# k|ltzt;Dd pgLx?nfO{ cf}klw pkrf/ vr{ pknAw x'G5 . pgLx?n] % jif{;Dd kfpg] tna a/af/sf] ladf;d]t /fi6« a}+sn] u/]sf] 5 . pgLx?n] 3/hUuf vl/b ug{ a}+sdfkm{t lng kfpg] !@ nfv ;fk6L /sdsf] ladfsf] lk|ldod lt/]kl5 pQm /sdsf] Jofh;d]t ltg'{ kb}{g . ljdf gug]{n] klg Ps k|ltzt dfq Jofh lt/] k'U5 . hals, o:tf] ;fk6L lnFbf @)^# ;fncl3 # k|ltzt Jofh a'emfpg' kYof]{ .

/fi6« a}+sdf sfd u/]/ !% jif{eGbf a9L ;]jfcjlw k'¥ofPsf sd{rf/LnfO{ vfOkfO cfPsf] !) jif{sf] tna a/fa/sf] /sd a}+sn] ;fk6L:j?k lbG5 . !) jif{eGbf a9L :yfoL?kdf sfd u/]sf sd{rf/Ln] & jif{ a/fa/sf] / !) jif{ jf ;f] eGbf sd ;]jf u/]sf sd{rf/Ln] # jif{sf] tna a/fa/sf] /sd To:tf] ;'ljwfjfkt kfpF5g\ . klxnf pgLx?n] To;/L kfpg] /sdsf] Jofh # k|ltzt tf]lsPsf] lyof] eg] )^# b]lv To;nfO{ ! k|ltztdf emfl/Psf] 5 .

a}7s eQf cnUu}

/fi6« a}+ssf pRr clws[tx?n] a}7s eQfjfkt klg cnUu} ;'ljwf kfpF5g\ . ueg{/sf] cWoIftfdf x'g] a}7sdf ;xefuLx?n] k|lta}7s Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF eQf kfpF5g\ . To;afx]s cGo ljleGg ;ldltx?sf] a}7sdf cWoIf tyf ;b:ox?n] ! xhf/ % ;o, clws[t:t/sf] sd{rf/Ln] $%), ;xos:t/sf] sd{rf/Ln] @%) / lkog :t/sf sd{rf/Ln] @)) ?k}ofF kfpF5g\ . s]lGb|o a}+s ;~rfns ;ldltsf] a}7sdf pkl:yt cWoIf tyf ;b:on] k|To]s a}7sdf eQf:j?k $ xhf/ ?k}ofF kfpF5g\ . ^ dlxgfeGbf a9Lsf nflu sfh jf ;?jf eP/ Ps 7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf hfFbf sd{rf/Ln] kl/jxg tyf b}lgs e|d0f eQf klg kfpF5g\ . o; a}+sdf sfo{/t ;xfos:t/sf sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ klg cfGtl/s e|d0f ubf{ xjfO{ oftfoftsf] ;'ljwf 5 . /f]rs s'/f csf]{ s] klg 5 eg], /fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?n] Ps 7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf ;?jf eP/ hfFbf;d]t eQf kfpF5g\ . o;/L ;?jf x'g] clws[t:t/sf sd{rf/Ln] @! xhf/ ?k}ofF kfpF5g\ eg] ;xfos:t/sf k|yd / låtLo txsf sfd{rf/Lx?n] !* xhf/ ?k}ofF kfpF5g\ . cGo ;xfos sd{rf/Ln] !% xhf/ ?k}ofF kfpF5g\ ;?jf eQfjfkt . cem /fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx? Ps 7fpFaf6 csf]{ 7fpFdf ;?jf eP/ hfFbf a}+ssf] ;jf/L ;fwg pknJw geP ;DalGwt 7fpFdf k'Ugsf nflu !,))) b]lv @,%)) ?k}ofF;Dd oftfoft ;'ljwf kfpF5g\ .

cfkm\gf] dfq xf]Og, cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf] klg cfFvf hfFr u/fpg]b]lv r:df lsGg] vr{;d]t /fi6« a}+sn] a]xf]g]{ u5{ . To;sf lglDt a}+sn] cf}iflw sf]ifsf] Joj:yf g} u/]sf] 5 . of] sf]ifdfkm{t s  d{rf/L jf p;sf cfkmGtsf] pkrf/ ef/tdf u/fpg' k¥of] eg] la/fdL s'?jfsf] vr{ ;d]t /fi6« a}+sn] g} Joxf]g]{ u/]sf] 5 . o; a}+sn] sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ !* dlxgfsf] tna a/fa/sf] /sd;Dd cf}iflw pkrf/sf lglDt vr{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . /fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?n] 3/ef8fjfkt dfl;s @ xhf/ %)) ?k}ofF kfpF5g\ eg] ueg{/, 8]k'6L ueg{/, sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs / lgb]{zssf] lgjf;df a}+ss} tkm{af6 6]lnkmf]g h8fg u/L dfl;s z'Ns a}+sn] g} ltg]{ u/]sf] 5 . a}+ssf ljefuLo k|d'vx?nfO{ df]jfOn ;'ljwf / Ps xhf/ ?k}ofF;Ddsf] dx;'n a}+sn] g} ltg]{ u/]sf] 5 . oBlk o:tf] ;'ljwf lbg yfn]sf] w]/} ePsf] 5}g .

cjsfzkl5 klg p:t} ;'ljwf

/fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?n] hflu/] cjlwdf dfq geO cjsfzkl5 klg cGo ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx?sf] t'ngfdf cfsif{s ;]jf ;'ljwf kfpF5g\ . ToxfF sfd u/]/ l/6fo8{ ePsf sd{rf/Lx?n] cjsfzkl5 !% nfv ?k}ofF Psd'i7 xft kf5{g\ . cjsfz lnFbf !) jif{sf] k]G;gjfktsf] Psd'i7 /sd lng kfpg] ;'ljwfcg';f/ clws[t:t/sf sd{rf/Lx?n] @) jif{sf] cjlwdf hflu/ 5f8\bf sl/a #) nfv ?k}ofF xft kf5{g\ . cem ljlzi6 >]0fLsf sd{rf/Lx?n] t cjsfz kfpFbf pgLx?n] cfkm" sfo{/t /xFbf k|of]u u/]sf] ;jf/L ;fwg x|f;s§L d"No jf pQm ;jf/L ;fwg vl/b ubf{sf] d"NodWo] h'g a9L x'G5, ;f]xL a/fa/sf] /sd lt/]/ cfkm}+n] n}hfg kfpg] Joj:yf 5 . To;/L cjsfz kfP/ uf8L lghL agfpg] sd{rf/Ln] dfl;s?kdf Ps;o ln6/ k]6«f]n, b'O{ jif{df Ps ;]6 6fo/, k|To]s jif{ uf8L dd{t vr{jfkt * xhf/ % ;o, rfns vr{ jfkt dfl;s * xhf/ ?k}ofF kfpg] u/]sf 5g\ .

Toltdfq xf]Og, ;]jf lgj[Q eO 3/ kms{+bf;d]t b}lgs e|d0f eQf kfpg] Joj:yf 5 .  cem cjsf;k|fKt sd{rf/Lx?nfO{ k|To]s bz}+df !% lbgsf] tna a/fa/sf] vr{ lbOG5 . cjsfz k|fKt sd{rf/LnfO{ pkrf/ vr{jfkt jflif{s @ xhf/ %)) ?k}ofF lbOFb} cfPsf] eP klg kl5 a9fP/ pkrf/df nfu]sf] vr{sf] %) k|ltzt jf %) xhf/ ?k}ofFdWo] sd x'g] /sd /fi6« a}+sn] g} Joxf]g]{ u/]sf] 5 . o:tf] c;Lldt ;'ljwf pknAw x'g] ePs} sf/0f /fi6« a}+sdf hflu/ vfg] sd{rf/Lx?sf] km"lt{ a9]sf] cGo a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx? atfpF5g\ .

ljQLo If]qsf] lgodgsf/L lgsfo ePsf sf/0f /fi6« a}+ssf pRr kb:y sd{rf/Lx?sf] dfq xf]Og, ;fdfGo txsf sd{rf/Lx?sf] ;d]t /jfkm rN5– cGo lghL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df . /fi6« a}+sdf sfd ug]{ tNnf]b]lv dflyNnf] tx;Ddsf w]/} sd{rf/Lx?n] cfkmGt / gftfuf]tfnfO{ cGo lghL a}+sx?df hflu/ v'jfPsf 5g\ /jfkms} e/df . o;af6 klg yfxf x'G5–/fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx? slt …kfj/km"nÚ /x]5g\ eg]/ . sd{rf/Ln] oqf] ;'ljwf kfP klg ljQLo ;'wf/sf nflu /fi6« a}+sn] vf;} sfd ug{ g;s]sf] u'gf;f] u5{g\ ljZn]ifsx? .

g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lx?n] kfpg] s]xL d'Vo ;'ljwfx?

s]lGb|o a}Fs eQf M k|ltdlxgf % xhf/ ^ ;o $% b]lv @% xhf/ ^ ;o ?lkofF;Dd . vfhfeQf M dfl;s tLg xhf/ ?lkofF .
6]lnkmf]g h8fg M ;ft xhf/ ?lkofF .
8«fOleª l;Sg M cf7 xhf/ ?lkofF -;x–;lrjeGbf dflysf clwsf/LnfO{_.
lghL ;jf/L M ;x–;lrjn] k|of]u u/]df dfl;s &% ln6/ k]6«f]n÷l8h]n .
sNof0fsf/L ;~ro sf]if M jflif{s tnasf] !@ k|ltzt .
sfof{no k|d'v eQf M dfl;s @ xhf/ % ;ob]lv # xhf/ ?lkofF .
a}7s eQf M cWoIf tyf ;b:on] k|lta}7s $ xhf/ ?lkofF .
b}lgs e|d0f eQf M b}lgs & ;ob]lv ! xhf/ % ;o ?lkofF;Dd .
kf];fs M jflif{s !) b]lv !@ xhf/ ?lkofF .
;jf/L ;fk6L M pk;lrj;DdnfO{ lagfJofhdf ! nfv %) xhf/ ?lkofF .
kqklqsf M dfl;s ! xhf/ & ;o %) ?lkofFb]lv !@ xhf/ ?lkofF;Dd .
cf}ifwL M jflif{s tnasf] @& k|ltztb]lv !# k|ltzt;Dd .
b'3{6gf ladf M *% xhf/b]lv rf/ nfv ?lkofF .
3/hUuf vl/b ;fk6L M !@ nfv ?lkofF;Dd .
3/ef8f M dfl;s @ xhf/ % ;o ?lkofF .
3/ dd{t ;fk6L M !) jif{sf] tna a/fa/ . ljb]z e|d0f M ef/tdf Ps ;ob]lv ! ;o ^% cd]l/sL 8n/, n'ufeQf / b}lgs %% 8n/b]lv ! ;o %% 8n/;Dd vr{ . t];|f] d'n's eP n'ufeQf afkt # ;o @% cd]l/sL 8n/;Dd b}lgs eQf, @ ;o $% 8n/;Dd .
;?jf eQf M clws[t:t/n] @!,))), ;xfos k|yd / låtLon] !*,))) / cGon] !%,))) .
/fi6« a}+ssf sd{rf/Lsf] tna ;'ljwf

>]0fL      tna ?=   s]lGb|o a}+s eQf
ueg{/     $^,$** @%,)))
8]k'6L ueg{/        $!,$** @!,)))
lalzi6    #*,^** !*,^&)
k|yd      #&,^)^  !%,(@)
låtLo     @(,(%@  !!,(^$
t[tLo     @^,%!@  !),&^(
;xfos k|yd       @@,)#& *,#$^
;xfos låtLo      @),%^^ &,!%!
;xfos t[tLo       !&,@(( ^,%!%
;xfos rt'y{       !^,))^ ^,@#!
;xfos k~rd\      !$,($^ %,^$%

;~hfn lj:tf/ ub}{ k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/

k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/ k|fln :yfkgfsf] bzf+} aif{df k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . cj}wflgs?kdf ;~rflnt x'l08sf] sf/f]af/nfO{ lg?T;flxt ug]{ p2]Zon] ;g\ @))@ h'nfOdf o;sf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . ;fwf/0ftof u}/a}+lsª k|0ffnLdfkm{t lelq/x]sf] /]ld6\ofG;nfO{ lg?T;flxt ub}{ lghL If]qaf6 /]ld6\ofG; leq\ofpg g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] lbPsf] k|f]T;fxg:j?k of] sDkgL v'n]sf] o;sf cWoIf b]jLk|sfz e§rg atfpF5g\ .

of] /]ld6\ofG; sDkgL g]kfnsf] lghL If]qsf] bf];|f] /]ld6\ofG; sDkgL xf] . sl/a Ps bzscl3 uNkm d'n'sdf /x]sf g]kfnL sfdbf/n] b'Mvn] sdfPsf] /sd g]kfn leq\ofpg] ;xhstf{sf] ?kdf o;sf] :yfkgf ePsf] xf] . k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/sf &% j6f lhNnfdf !@ ;oeGbf a9L Ph]G6x? /x]sf 5g\ . h;sf/0f ljZjsf s'g}klg b]zdf /x]sf g]kfnLn] cfkm\gf cfkmGtnfO{ k7fPsf] /sd t'?Gt} k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/sf] dfWodaf6 k|fKt ug{ ;S5g\ . 

bz jif{sf] cjlwdf k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/n] laleGg d'n'ssf dlg 6«fG;km/ sDkgLsf cnfjf a}+sx?;Fu klg cfkm\gf] ;]jf la:tf/sf nflu ;Ddmf}tf u/]sf] 5 eg] sltko b]zdf cfkm\gf] zfvf sfof{no g} :yfkgf u/]sf] cWoIf e§rgn] atfP . ;fpbL c/]laofdf ToxfFsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] a}+s cn/fhL a}s -tfxjLn cn/fhL, h;sf !#@ j6f zfvf 5g\_, b'aO{df o'PO{ PS;r]Gh ;]G6/, ax/fOgdf ax/fOg kmfOgfG;, ;fpbL c/]laofdf cnhldn / cndf]bL PS;r]Gh tyf a]lNhod, :k]g / g]b/NofG8df Sof; 6' Sof; dlg 6«fG;km/, dn]l;ofdf k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/ P;l8Pg laPr8L, dlgu|fd, sf]–:6f/, OhL /]ld6, stf/sf ljleGg d'Vo zx/x?df o'PO{ Oinflds, l;6L PS;r]Gh, c/]laog, cnhf/nufotsf !% j6f dgL 6«fG;km/ sDkgL;Fu o;n] ;xsfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . ;a}eGbf a9L g]kfnL /x]sf] ef/tdf ToxfFsf] :6]6 a}+s ckm OlG8of;Fu ;xsfo{ u/]sf] 5 . P;\lacfO{ a}Ísf h'g;'s} zfvfaf6 g]kfndf k};f k7fpFbf k|e' dlg 6fG;km/sf h'g;'s} Ph]G6af6 t'?Gt kfpg ;lsg] cWoIf e§rgn] atfP . ef/tdf nueu @# nfv g]kfnL /x]sf] cg'dfg 5 .

ljZje/L 5l/P/ /x]sf g]kfnLx?n] ;xh?kdf /sd g]kfndf k7fpg ;s'g\ eg]/cfkm\gf] ;]jf lj:tf/ ug]{ qmddf k|e' dlg 6fG;km/n] dn]l;of / cd]l/sfsf] af]i6gaf6 klg ;]jf ;'? u/]sf] 5 .  cd]l/sfs} z}lIfs s]Gb|sf] ?kdf lrlgg] Dof;fr';]6\; /fHosf] af]i6gdf xhf/f}+ g]kfnL a;f]af; u5{g\ . ;e/ldn Pe]Go"df :yflkt k|e' dlg 6«fG;km/sf] sfof{noaf6 g]kfn;lxt ljZjsf ljleGg d'n'sdf /]ld6\ofG; k7fpg ;lsg] cWoIf e§rgn] atfP . æaf]i6gd} :yfkgf ePkl5 ToxfF /x]sf g]kfnL;lxt cfk|jf;Lx?n] ;/n / ;xh ;]jf k|fKt ug]{5g\Æ  e§rgn] eg] .

xfFl;/x]sf] a'VofFrf / d Û

czf]s z]/rg

rf/}lt/ km\nfOcf]e/df ev{/ lelqPsf lrNnf uf8Lx? u'l8/x]sf 5g\ . zx/sf x/]s af6fx?df :jrflnt 6«flkms lrGxx? dNofs / d'n's u/]sf] b]Vbf bªubf/ 5' . Knfl:6ssf em}+ nfUg] xl/of af]6la?jf / n6/Dd km'n]sf km"nx?sf cgluGtL hfltk|hflt x/]s uNnL / df]8df b]Vbf d To;} /f]dflGrt / xif{laef]/ 5' . /Tgkfs{ em+} nfUg] kfs{ t Sof bfdL, r/f r'?ËLx? e'/{e'/{ pl8/x]sf, df}/L / cGo df}/L k|hfltx? 9sdSs km"nx?df 3'ld/x]sf, r~rn /ËLrËL k'tnLx? ;+uLtsf] tfndf gflr/x]sf s:tf] cg'kd If0f, s:tf] ;f}Gbo{doL kn Û

;8se/L xtf/ xtf/ bf}l8/x]sf dflg;x?, nfUYof] ;]o/ ahf/df 7"n} xnrn eP/ kmfObf lng bf}l8/x]sf x'g\ . x:ofª\ / km:ofª\ ub}{ cQflnFb} lxFl8/x]sf cfdf lbbL–alxgLx?, nfUYof] sdfPsf] k};f a}+sdf hDdf ug{ ;fFem knf{ ls eg]/ cflQPsf x'g\ . nfdf] nfdf] kfOnf gfKb} sfnf] xft]emf]nf af]s]/ 6nSs d'xf/ rDsfP/ nIo r'Dg nlDs/x]sf ;'Gb/ cfO6L o'usf o'jfx?sf] hdft, Joj:yfksLo Ifdtf;lxtsf kl/kSj, km'n]sf] skfn / lrl6Ss ldn]sf] jbg;lxtsf ;'Gb/ FTV o'usf o'jtLx?sf] nsf]{ . cfxf Û s:tf] zLtn jftfj/0f, !( tn] ckf6{d]G6df a;]/ sfjf vfPh:t} . g]K;] a9]/ xhf/ gf3]h:t} .

AffUdtLh:t} vf]nf / o;e/L gf}sf ljxfgdf /ld/x]sf cfGtl/s / afXo ljljw pd]/, sb / j0f{sf ko{6sx? . pgLx?nfO{ c+u|]hLdf km/{/ Oltxf; atfO/x]sf ufO8x? . kz'klt, u'x\o]Zj/L, 6]s'sf h:t} t/ ;'Gb/, ;kmf / cfsif{s d7dlGb/x? . lglj{£g plk|m/x]sf afFb/x?, lglZrGt pl8/x]sf k/]jfx? . l;+xb/jf/, s]z/dxn, l;+xdxn, afn'jf6f/, zLtn lgjf;, gf/fo0flx6L, xg'dfg9f]sf b/af/ cflb h:t} b]lvg] lj+Xud ejgx?  . o;sf jl/k/L em'lDdPsf, dge/L, dl:tise/L ;kgf af]s]/ cj;/ / r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgfsf nflu tDtof/ :yflkt / gjk|j]zL Joj;foLx?, pBf]uLx? / k]z]j/ bIf, cw{bIf / cbIf hgzlQmx?  . s:tf] pTk|]/s cj:yf, s:tf] r'gf}ltdo :yfg .

Nofk6k, cfOKof8, cfOkmf]g / cfOkf]8 af]s]/ dfOqmf];km\6sf] sfof{nodf l5l//x]sf o'jf zlQmx? . jf/]g akm]6åf/f ev{/ k|sflzt ;]o/sf] lstfj lsGg nfd nfu]sf :jKgLn cfFvfx? . ckf6{d]G6 / a+unfsf] k|bz{gLdf b]vfOPsf] l8hfOgsf ;DklQ hf]8\g ;fdYo{jfg k]zfsdL{x? . Go"/f]8sf] lkknaf]6h:t}, b/af/dfu{sf] KFC h:t}, 7d]nsf] 7]nd7]n h:t}, ef6e6]gL h:t}, ljzfn ahf/ h:t} t/ w]/} /ËLrËL, w]/} v'Nnf / w]/} km/flsnf] . cf]xf] Û s:tf] cfzfcfUbf] kl/j]z, aDaO{ :6s PS;r]Gh h:t} . Go"of]s{sf] PG8]S; h:t} .

:s'6Ldf x'OFsL/x]sL, df]6/afOsdf s'lb/x]sf, df]6/sf/df u'l8/x]sf sf]6]Zj/ eQmk'/sf] h:t} lrNnf] ;8s . h]a|f qml;ªdf af6f] sfl6/x]sf dfG5]x?sf] 7"nf] hdft, sf]xL clkm; uO/x]sf, sf]xL clkm;af6 kmls{/x]sf, s;}sf] /fte/Lsf] sfd, s;}sf] kf6{ 6fOd, lemlnldln aln/x]sf ;8s jlQx?, ;8s] Jofkf/Lx?, lbg / /ftsf] leGgtf g5'l6g] km];g]an k/Lx? . w/x/fh:t} cUnf] 6fj/, To;s} d'lGt/ ysfO la;fO/x]sf cfd lhGbuLx?, 56k6Lx? ;fl6/x]sf kmut dflg;x?, ;kgf ;fFlr/x]sf, ;kgf a]lr/x]sf dflg;?kL hLjx? . k]l/;sf] cfOkmn 6fj/sf] lemlnldln h:t}, ld;|sf s'nLg lk/fld8x? h:t} .

s:tf] cgf}7f] ;+;f/, s:tf] crDdsf] kl/j]z . s:tf lhGbuLx?, s:tf ;kgfx? . slt pGd'Qm jftfj/0f, slt km/s ljZj . o:t} ts{gfx? dgleq v]Nbfv]Nb}, o:t} efjgfx? dl:tisdf bf}8Fb} cs:dft cufl8 plePsf] ;u/dfyfdf lxdklx/f] hfG5 / cfkm"nfO{ arfpg] k|of;df 8Ë/Ë vf6af6 e'OFdf em5'{, Hof ÛÛÛ d}n] t ;kgf kf] b]Vof /x]5' . cfkm'nfO{ sf7df8f}+d} kfpF5', ToxL afudtL, Tolx l;+xdxn, ToxL l;+xb/af/, ToxL :6s PS;r]Gh, ToxL l8NnLahf/ / ToxL afn'jf6f/ . km'Ë p8]sf], rds x/fPsf] sf7df8f}+, 5/k:6 xf]l8{Ë af]8{, k|b'lift afudtL / eUgfjz]if aGb} u/]sf d7dlGb/, k'gM 9'Ë] o'ult/ wkfOFb} u/]sf cfd dflg; / lªRr bfFt b]vfP/ xfFl;/x]sf] a'VofFrf Û

cfqmfds of]hgfdf d]uf a}+s

xnf]b]lv xfO8«f];Ddsf] nIo lnPsf] d]uf a}+sn] a}+lsª sf/f]af/ ;'? u/]sf] Ps jif{ ;kmntfk"j{s kf/ u/]sf] 5 . o; cjlwdf pQm a}+sn] ?= % ca{eGbf a9L lgIf]k ;+sng u/]sf] 5 eg] $ ca{ *) s/f]8eGbf a9L shf{ k|jfx u/]sf] 5 . Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf d]uf a}+s sl/a #) xhf/ ;]jfu|fxLdfem k'lu;s]sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . æxfd|f] of] ;kmntf d]uf a}+sk|ltsf] ljZjf;sf] kl/0ffd xf]Æ d]uf a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t clgn zfx eG5g\–æd]uf a}+ssf] Joj:yfkgk|lt hgljZjf; a9]sf] 5 . xfdL klg lgs} pT;flxt ePsf 5f}+ .Æ

d]uf a}+s :yfkgfsf] Ps jif{sf] cjlwdf Ps};fy !@ j6f zfvf lj:tf/ ug{;d]t ;kmn ePsf] 5 . o; a}+sn] xfn :ofa|'a];L, skg, c3f{vfFrL, gofFafg]Zj/, kf]v/f, hfjnfv]n, lj/f6gu/, aL/u~h, Go"/f]8, a'6jn, xl/jg / rf}tf/fdf zfvf vf]nL ;]jf lbO/x]sf] 5 . ;f] a}+ssf cWoIf dbg bfxfn eG5g\–æo;} jif{ xfdL yk !% zfvf lj:tf/ u/]/ ;]jf lbg] of]hgfdf 5f}+ .Æ d]uf a}+sn] d]uf skf]{/]6, d]uf P;PdO{ / d]uf dfOqmf] u/L tLg k|sf/sf nufgL ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . gofF a}+s t/ k'/fgf a}s/x?sf] Joj:yfkgdf ;~rflnt o; a}+sn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 @* cf}+ jfl0fHo a}+ssf ?kdf sf/f]af/ ug]{ cg'dlt kfPsf] xf] . a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t zfx eG5g\–æ d]/f] 6Ld, k|j4{s / ;~rfns ;b:ox?sf] k|of;sf] k|ltkmn:j?k xfdL 5f]6f] cjlwd} nf]slk|o aGg ;kmn ePsf 5f}+ .Æ

k|yd jflif{sf]T;jsf cj;/df lbOPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ cfufdL % jif{sf] cjlwdf ;fs{ If]qdf ;+o'Qm nufgLdf sfd ug]{ of]hgf d]uf a}+ssf] 5 . To;sf lglDt a}+sn] bf];|f] jif{d} cfqmfds of]hgfx? NofFpb}5 . casf $ jif{leq cu|0fL a}+ssf ?kdf :yflkt x'g] nIo /x]sf] atfpFb} a}+ssf cWoIf bfxfn eG5g\–æxfdL of] nIo xfl;n ug]{ /0fgLlt agfO/x]sf 5f}+ .Æ To;f] t d]uf a}+sn] cl3 ;f/]sf] …xnf]b]lv xfO8«f];DdÚ eGg] gf/fnfO{ sltkon] xfjfbf/L geg]sf klg xf]Ogg\ . t/, a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t zfx eG5g\–æof] of]hgfnfO{ xfdL ;fsf/ kf/]/} 5f]8\5f}+ . oxL of]hgfcg';f/ xfdLn] :ofa|'a];L, zfvfdfkm{t ufpFn]nfO{ lrlnd] xfO8«f]sf] ;]o/ lsGgnfO{ C0f pknAw u/fPsf 5f}+ . xnf] hf]Tg] ls;fgnfO{ C0f lbg] / xfO8«f]sf] ;]o/ lsGg]nfO{ :jfldTj lbnfpg] cleofgn] xfd|f] gf/fsf] k'i6L ub}{g / <Æ d]uf a}+s clxn] xl/jgsf pv' ls;fgx?nfO{ C0f lbg] u[xsfo{df /x]sf] hfgsf/L klg sfo{sf/L clws[t zfxn] lbP .

d]uf a}+sn] oftfoft, ;~rf/, Jofkf/, pTkfgbzLn If]q, lgdf{0f, xf]6]n, /]:6'/]G6 nufotsf If]qnfO{ nufgLsf] cfwf/ agfPsf] o;sf ;~rfnsx? atfpF5g\ . a}+lsª If]qdf tLa| k|lt:kwf{ eO/x]sf] cj:yfdf s;/L ;kmn xf]nf d]uf a}+ssf] o:tf] dxTjsf+IfL of]hgf < a}ssf cWoIf bfxfn o:tf] k|ZgnfO{ k'li6 ug{ vf]Hb} eG5g\–æd]uf a}+sn] cfkm\gf u|fxsx?sf] eljio ;'lglZrt agfPsf] 5 . xfd|f] cGo a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?;Fusf] k|lt:kwf{ 6'+luO;s]sf] 5 . xfd|f] k|lt:kwf{ ca xfdL cfkm};Fu x'g]5 .Æ

8L;LaLPn a}+ssf] gfd kl/jt{g x'g]

8L;LaLPn a}+s lnld6]8sf] gfd kl/jt{g x'g] ePsf] 5 . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] 8L;LaLPn a}+snfO{ u|fG8 a}+s g]kfn lnld6]8 gfd /fVg :jLs[lt k|bfg ul/;s]sf] ;f] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . a}+sn] cfufdL jflif{s ;fwf/0f;efdf k|aGw–kq tyf lgodfjnLdf ;+zf]wg u/L sDkgL /lhi6«f/ sfof{nosf] k"j{:jLs[lt lnPkl5 ;f] gfd rng rNtLdf Nofpg] hgfPsf] 5 . ;f] a}+ssf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef cfufdL c;f]h d;fGtleq ug]{ tyf af]g; ;]o/ hf/L u/L r'Qmf k'FhL @ ca{ ?k}ofF k'¥ofpg] nIo a}+ssf] /x]sf] lj1lKtdfkm{t hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 . a}sn] tLhsf] cj;/df gf/L art vftfdf klxn]sf] % bzdnj %Ü Aofhb/nfO{ a9fO{ * k|ltzt k'¥ofPsf] / cGo art vftfdf ;d]t * b]lv !)Ü ;Dd Aofh k|bfg u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .

la/f6gu/df l;len a}+s

l;len a}+s lnld6]8n] lj/f6gu/df cfkm\gf] kfFrf+} zfvf;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . a}+ssf cWoIf O{+ OR5f/fh tfdfªn] l/ag sf6]/ la/f6gu/ uf]N5frf]sl:yt a}+ssf] sfof{no ljlwjt?kdf pb\3f6g u/] . pb\3f6g sfo{qmddf cWoIf tfdfªn] l;len a}+sn] o; If]qsf ;a} lsl;dsf pBf]u÷Joj;foLx?sf] ;DefJotf cWoog u/L yk k'FhLsf nflu C0f k|jfx ug]{ atfP . rf/ ca{ clws[t k'FhL / @ ca{ hf/L kF'hL;lxt l;len a}+s ;~rfngdf cfPsf] a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t lszf]/ dxd{gn] hfgs/L lbP . pgn] a}+sn] uPsf] cfly{s jif{df @ ca{ (% s/f]8 lgIf]k ;+sng ub}{ ! s/f]8 ?k}ofFeGbf a9L gfkmf cfh{g ug{ ;kmn ePsf] hfgsf/L lbP . cfufdL c;f]h;Dddf a}+sn] l;Gw'kfNrf]ssf] d]nDrL, uf]/vfsf] cf?3f6, kf]v/f / e}/xjfdf zfvf lj:tf/ u/L !) j6f zfvf k'¥ofpg] a}+ssf] nIo 5  . a}+s ;~rfngdf cfPsf] klxnf] lbg g} cf7 ;oeGbf a9Ln] vftf vf]n]sf] a}+ssf zfvf k|aGws ;'dg e§/fO{n] hfgsf/L lbP .

l;4fy{ 8]enkd]G6 a}+s afx|f}+ jif{df

If]qLo ljsf; a}+ssf] ?kdf :yfkgf ePsf] l;4fy{ 8]enkd]G6 a}+s clxn] /fli6«o:t/sf] ljsf; a}+ssf] ?kdf sf7df8f}+af6 ;~rfngdf cfPsf] 5 . @)%& ;fn c;f/ !! ut] :yfkgf ePsf] ;f] ljsf; a}+sn] utjif{ dfq :t/f]GgtL u/]sf] xf] . xfn ljleGg !* j6f zfvfdfkm{t ljQLo ;]jf k|bfg ul//x]sf] o; ljsf; a}+sn] cfkm\gf u|fxsx?nfO{ cfw'lgs a}+lsª ;]jf k|bfg ug]{ qmddf ;GWofsfnLg ;]jf, #^% lbg g} a}lsË ;'ljwf tyf O{ a}+lsË / P;PdP; a}+lsª ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

a}+sn] pknAw u/fPsf] tYof+s cg';f/ # ca{ *! s/f]8 ?k}ofF lgIf]k kl/rfng u/L # ca{ ^* s/f]8 ?k}ofF shf{ tyf ;fk6 k|bfg u/]sf] 5 . a}+ssf %%  xhf/eGbf a9L u|fxs /x]sf 5g\ . ut r}q d;fGtsf] ckl/is[t ljQLo ljj/0f cg';f/ a}+sn] % s/f]8 $ nfv ?k}ofF v'b d'gfkmf xfl;n ug{ ;kmn ePsf] lyof] . u|fxsnfO{ ;'ne a}+lsª  ;]jf pknAw u/fpg l;4fy{ 8]enkd]G6 a}+s / uf]/vfdf /x]sf] dgf:n' ljsf; a}+saLr ;Def}tf ePsf] 5 . o; ;Demf}tfcg';f/ dgf:n' ljsf; a}+s / l;4fy{ 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssf d'n'se/ /x]sf !* j6f zfvfsf u|fxsx?n] ;xh a}+lsª cGtu{t Pscsf]{ a+}s / ltgsf zfvfx?af6 ;d]t /sd hDdf ug{ / e'QmfgL lng ;Sg]5g\ .

l;l6hG;sf] bz}+–ltxf/ d'2lt of]hgf

l;l6hG; a}+s OG6/g];gnn] l;l6hG; bz}+–ltxf/ d'2tL lgIf]k of]hgf ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . o; of]hgfdf a}+sn] b}lgs df}Hbftdf jflif{s !@ k|ltzt Aofh lbg]5 .

;f] of]hgfdf lgIfkstf{n] () lbgsf nflu Go"gtd\ %) xhf/ ?k}ofFdf vftf vf]Ng ;Sg] 5g\ . a}sn] ;f] of]hgfsf] Jofh dfl;s?kdf e'QmfgL ul/g] hgfPsf] 5 . of] of]hgf a}+ssf d'n'se/ /x]sf #@ j6} zfvf sfo{fnodf /x]sf] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . a}+sn] u|fxsnfO{ art tyf C0f ;]jfnufot P6LPd, /]ld6\ofG;, 8«fkm\6, 6L6L, ns/ ;'ljwf, #^% lbg] a}+lsª, g]kfn 6]lnsdsf] df]afOnsf] lan e'QmfgL nufot s'g} klg zfvfaf6 /sd lemSg / /fVg ;lsg] nufotsf cfw'lgs a}+lsª ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] hgfPsf] 5 .

lxdfnog a}+ssf] O{PdeL sf8{

lxdfnog a}+sn] cfw'lgs lrkdf cfwfl/t O{PdeL 8]la6, qm]l86 / lk|k]8 sf8{ ;~rfngdf NofPsf] 5 . o; sf8{df h8fg ul/Psf] lrkn] sf8{sf] ;'/Iff ug'{sf ;fy} To;leq /x]sf ;"rgfsf]  ;'/Iff ug]{5 . tYof+s / ;"rgf cfˆg} tl/sfn] ;+u|x u/L ;'/lIft /fVg] o; sf8{n] ubf{ cglws[t tyf hfn;fhLaf6 sf/f]af/ gx'g] a}+ssf] ljZjf; 5 . ljZjJofkL k|of]udf cfO;s]sf] o; sf8{n] o'/f]k, Pl;of / cGo ljsl;t b];x?df nf]slk|otf eO;s]sf] a}+sn] hgfPsf] 5 . dfOqmf] k|f];];/o'Qm lrk k|ljlwdf cfwfl/t ePsfn] of] sf8{ :jb]; / ljb]zsf h'g;'s} P6LPd, KjfOG6 ckm ;]N; 6ld{gn -kLcf]P;_ nufotdf ;d]t k|of]u ug{ ;lsg]5 . g]kfndf o:tf] sf8{ k|rngdf Nofpg] lxdfnog a}+s g} klxnf] /x]sf] a}+ssf] bfaL 5 .

l;4fy{ kmfOgfG;sf] gfkmf $ s/f]8 $)

e}/xjfdf s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /x]sf] l;4fy{ kmfOgfG;n] ut )^&÷^* df rf/ s/f]8 $) nfv ?k}ofF gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . sDkgLn] c;f/ d;fGt;Dd ?= ($ s/f]8 lgIf]k ;+sng u/L () s/f]8 ljleGg If]qdf nufgL u/]sf] k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t afa'sfhL zfSon] atfP . sDkgLn] xfn $ zfvf ;~hfnaf6 a}lsª ;]jf k|bfg ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . l5§} yk b'O{ :yfgdf zfvf lj:tf/sf] tof/L eO/x]sf] sfo{sf/L k|d'v zfSon] atfP .