– ;hLj sfnfv]tL

ljz]if a}+lsªsf] cjwf/0ffcg';f/ :yfkgf ePsf ljsf; a}+sx? ;/sf/sf] gLltut q'l6 / ePsf] gLltsf] klg Jojxfl/s sfof{Gjogsf] cefjsf sf/0f cK7\of/f]df k/]sf 5g\ . s[lif, pBf]u, ;]jf, Jofkf/ Pj+ cGo ;DefJo pTkfbgzLn Joj;fodf nufgL u/L d'n'snfO{ ;d[4 agfpg] p2]Zo /fv]/ :yfkgf ul/Psf ljsf; a}+sx?n] v'b|f a+}lsª sf/f]af/d} ;Lldt x'g' kl//x]sf] 5 . of] ljsf; a}+sk|ltsf] cg'bf/jfbL ;/sf/L gLlts} kl/0ffd xf] .

g]kfn /fi6« a}+saf6 cg'dlt k|fKt ljsf; a}+sx?sf] ;ª\Vof ** k'u]sf] 5 . d'n'ssf cfwf bh{geGbf a9L a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx? ;d:ofu|:t b]lvPsf 5g\ eg] l;ª\uf] ljQLo k|0ffnLdf r/d t/ntf cefj / /fi6« a}+ssf] sltko tby{jfbL g0f{osf sf/0f ;[hgf ePsf] ;d:of cfkm\g} 7fpFdf 5 . o;sf cltl/Qm ljsf; a}+sx?n] jf:tjdf pgLx?sf] gfdcg';f/sf] e"ldsf kfPsf 5}gg\ . ;fy}, d'n'ss} ljQLo :jf:Yo ;'b[9 kfg{ pgLx?sf] of]ubfg s;/L a9L k|efjsf/L x'g ;S5 eGg] ljifodf klg ax; h?/L b]lvPsf] 5 . 

lghL If]qsf jfl0fHo a}+s / kmfOgfG; sDkgLn] ;~rfng cg'dlt kfPsf] w]/} kl5 dfq ljsf; a}+snfO{ /fi6« a}+sn] cg'dlt lbPsf] xf] . tyflk, oL a}+sx?sf] pkl:ylt clxn] b]zsf s'gf sfKrf;Dd k'u]sf] 5 . ;fk]If?kn] ;'ud / 3gf cfjfbL ePsf t/fO{sf lhNnf jf kf]v/fh:tf Jofkfl/s s]Gb|x?df dfq xf]Og, t]x|y'd, ;ª\v'jf;ef, uf]/vf, DofUbL, :ofª\hf, u'NdL, Ko"7fg, ;'v]{tnufot /fhwfgLeGbf 6f9fsf kxf8L lhNnfdf ;d]t s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /xg] u/L ljsf; a}++sx? :yfkgf ePsf 5g\ .

oL a}ª\sn] clxn] s/La ?= () ca{sf] xf/fxf/Ldf lgIf]k ;ª\sng u/]sf 5g\ . of] ;du| a}+lsª k|0ffNfLdf hDdf x'g cfPsf] lgIf]ksf] !@ k|ltzteGbf a9L xf] . of]eGbf klg dxTjk"0f{ kIf oL a}+sx?n] ljQLo ;]jfsf] k|uf9Ls/0f / To;sf dfWodn] :yfgLo pBf]u–Joj;fo k|j4{gdf k'¥ofPsf] of]ubfg xf] .

olt x'Fbfx'Fb} klg jf:tjdf h'g cjwf/0ffsf ;fy ljsf; a}+sx? ;~rfng ug]{ k|f/lDes of]hgf lyof], clxn] To;cg'?k sfd x'g g;s]sf] b]lvPsf] 5 .  logLx?nfO{ lgoldt lgIf]k ;ª\sng / v'b|f  a}+lsª sf/f]af/df ;+nUg gu/fP/ ljQ k|0ffnLdf ;ª\slnt  ;|f]tnfO{ kl/rfng ug{ lbg] / To;af6 7"nf k"jf{wf/, pBf]u / cfof]hgfx? ljsl;t ug]{ k|f/lDes b[li6sf]0f lyof] . clxn] s]xL ;]jfsf] ckjfbnfO{ 5f8]/ oL a}ªsx? …cln ;fgfÚ afl0fHo a}+s / …cln 7"nfÚ kmfOgfG; sDkgLsf ?kdf sfd ul//x]sf 5g\ . cem, ljsf; a}+sleq} klg Ps lhNnf, tLg lhNnf, bz lhNnf / /fli6«o:t/sf] sfo{If]q / ToxLcg';f/sf] r'Qmf k'FhL x'g'kg]{ Joj:yfn] klg hgtfdf logLx?nfO{ a'em\g] ;Gbe{df Ps k|sf/sf] cGof]n ;[hgf ePsf] ljsf; a}+s/x? atfpF5g\ .

;Dk"0f{ ljQ k|0ffnLsf] ;+/Ifs / lgofdssf ?kdf sfd ug'{kg]{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] tby{jfbL Jojxf/n] cfkm\gf] cg'dltdf …vÚ ju{ n]lvPsf ljsf; a}+s  / …uÚ ju{sf kmfOgfG; sDkgL yk dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ . oL b'O{vfn] cfkm}+n] cg'dlt lbPsf ;+:yfaf6 /fi6« a}+sn] cfkm\gf] lgIf]k ;fj{hlgs 3f]if0ff u/]/ lgsfn]kl5 pgLx?n] cfkm"nfO{ e]befjk"0f{ Jojxf/ u/]sf] dxz'; u/]sf 5g\ . /fi6« a}+ss} l;sf] u/]/ c? 7"nf / ;+:yfut  lgIf]kstf{x?n] klg cfkm\gf] /sd lemSg yfn]kl5 oL a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf t/ntf ;ª\s6 yk ulxl/Psf] 5 . ljQLo :jf:Yo /fd|f] ePsf ;+:yfdf ;d]t :jefj}n] ;a} lgIf]k Ps}k6s lkmtf{ lbg ;Sg] ;Defjgf x'Fb}g . o:tf] cj:yfdf clGtd C0fbftfsf ?kdf tbf?stfsf ;fy sfd u/]/ cfdhgtfsf] ljQLo k|0ffnLk|ltsf] ljZjf; vl:sg glbg] lhDd]jf/L lnPsf] /fi6« a}+sn] g} lhDd]jf/ e"ldsf lgjf{x gu/]kl5 pTkGg ;ª\s6 clxn] k|d'v r'gf}ltsf ?kdf cfPsf] o; If]qsf a}+s/x? atfpF5g\ .

lglZrt g} s]xL ;+:yfdf ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] uDeL/ cefj /x]sf] s'/f ;To xf] . t/, ToxL sf/0fn] l;ª\uf] k|0ffnL g} hf]lvddf kg]{ u/L ;Gb]z / ljrf/x? lhDd]jf/ txaf6 g} k|jflxt x'g'n] ;d:of yk]sf] 5 . hxfF ;d:of 5, ToxL ;+:yf / To;dfly klg bf]ifL JolQmnfO{ dfq bl08t ug'{k5{ . ;fy}, /fi6« a}+sn] ;DalGwt ;+:yf / sDkgLsf] plrt ;dGjodf a}+lsª k|0ffnLdfly hgljZjf; vl:sg glbg] jftfj/0f ;[hgf ug'{k5{ .

ljsf; a}+ssf dfux?

To;f] t, cfly{s jif{ )^*÷^(sf] jflif{s ah]6 / df}lb|s gLlt cfpg'cl3 8]e\nkd]G6 a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;gn] ljsf; a}+ssf lxtsf nflu ul/g' kg]{ ;'wf/sf nflu ;/sf/nfO{ ;'emfa klg glbPsf] xf]Og . t/, df}lb|s gLlt cfof] pgLx?sf] ;'emfjnfO{ vf;} jf:tf gu/L . ljsf; a}+sx?sf] 5ftf ;+u7g 8]e\nkd]G6 a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;gn] o; jif{sf] df}lb|s gLltdf ;dfj]z ug{ g]kfn /fi6« a}+snfO{ ut h]7 @# ut] g} @! a'Fb] ljz]if ;'wf/ k|:tfj k7fPsf] lyof] . h;df /fi6« a}+sn] j}wflgs t/ntf sfod ug{ g;s]sf ljsf; a}+sx?nfO{ xh{gf ldgfxf ug'{kg]{, ljsf; a}+ssf] sfo{If]qleq a;f]af; u/]sf JolQm jf ;~rfngdf /x]sf Joj;fosf] xsdf crn ;DklQ g]kfne/Lsf] :jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ldnfOlbg' kg]{, ;a} shf{sf] xsdf e'QmfgL cjlw jf @)&) ;fn c;f/ d;fGt h'g kl5 cfpF5, ;f] cjlwnfO{ ;dfof]hg cjlw tf]sL sfod ug'{ kg]{ t/ xfo/ kr]{h shf{df pQm a'Fbf nfu" gx'g] Joj:yf ul/g'kg]{ pNn]v lyof] .

To:t}, cGo afl0fHo a}+x?nfO{ /fli6«o afl0fHo a}s / g]kfn a}+sn] k|bfg u/]sf] gf]6 sf]if ;'ljwf ljsf; a}+snfO{ klg pknJw u/fpg k|tLt–kqsf] sf/f]af/ ljsf; a}+snfO{ ug{ lbg klg ;+3n] /fi6« a}+s;Fu cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . k|tLt–kqsf] sf/f]af/ gf]i6«f] vftfdfkm{t x'G5 . ;+3n] ;}4flGts ;xdltkq k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o ePsf] #) lbgleq Joj:yfksx?n] …sÚ ju{sf] afl0fHo a}+sdf $% k|ltzt gub} hDdf ug{ elgPsf]df  ljsf; a}+snfO{ klg pQm sfo{ ug{ ;dfj]z ug{, g]kfn /fi6« a}+s gePsf] :yfgdf s'g} afl0fHo a}+ssf] sn vftfdf hDdf ul/g] /sdnfO{ clgjfo{ gub  clgjfo{ gub df}Hbftdf u0fgf x'g] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg / ljsf; a}+sx?nfO{ …sÚ ju{sf] afl0fHo a}+sdf / Jofh cfh{g x'g] vftfdf ;Lcf/cf/ sfod x'g] cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfOlbg /fi6« a}+s;Fu cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . #@ s/f]8 r'Qmf k'FhL ePsf] ljsf; a}+snfO{ sf7df8f}+ pkTosfafx]s d'n'se/L sf/f]af/ ug{ lbg] Joj:yf, ljsf; a}+sx?n] cfkm\gf] sfo{If]qsf] :t/j[l4 ubf{ sf/f]af/ ;~rfng u/]sf] # jif{kl5 dfq ug{ ;Sg] clxn]sf] k|fjwfgnfO{ vf/]h u/L r'Qmf k'FhL k'¥ofPsf] cj:yfdf h'g;'s} a]nf ug{ ;Sg] Joj:yf ug{ tyf k]k/ dlgsf] ;§f sf8{dlgsf] cTolws k|of]u ug{ ;x/L / cw{–;x/L If]qdf k|f]T;fxgsf nflu cfjZos Joj:yf ldnfpg cfu|x klg ;+3n] u/]sf] lyof] . hgtfdf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?k|lt ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf x'g ;Sg] 7f]; gLlt tTsfn cjnDag ug'{kg]{ /fi6« a}+snfO{ ;+3sf] ;'emfj lyof] . df}lb|s gLltn] ;+3sf dfudWo] s]xLnfO{ ;Daf]wg u/]tf klg w]/}nfO{ a]jf:tf u/]sf] a}+s/x? atfpF5g\ . l/–kmfOgfG; shf{sf zt{x?nfO{ nlrnf] agfO{ k|lqmofnfO{ ;/nLs[t / cjlw Go"gtd\ @ jif{sf] agfpg pgLx?n] u/]sf] cfu|xnfO{ klg /fi6« a}+sn] jf:tf u/]sf] b]lvFb}g . ef? % ;o / Psxhf/ b/sf gf]6 g]kfnsf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfn] :jLsf/ ug{ ;Sg] cfjZos Joj:yfsf nflu ef/tLo l/he{ a}s;Fu s'6gLlts kxn ug{ 8]e\nkd]G6 a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;gn] /fi6« a}+snfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . Tof] klg sfof{Gjog x'g ;s]sf] 5}g .

clxn] shf{ ;"rgf s]Gb|df g]kfn a}+s;{ ;+3 / g]kfn ljQ sDkgL ;+3sf] dfq ;xeflutf /xFb} cfPsf] 5 . ;"rgf s]Gb|sf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf ljsf; a}+s ;+3sf] tkm{af6 klg k|ltlglwTj u/fpg' kg]{ ljsf; a}+ssf ;~rfnsx?sf] dfu 5 . ;fy}, g]kfn a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;gsf] :yfkgf x'g nfu]sf] ;L8LP; sDkgLdf ljsf; a}+s ;+3sf] ;Ddfghgs ;xeflutf u/fO{ Pshgf k|ltlglwnfO{ pQm ;+:yfsf] ;~rfns ;ldltdf k|ltlglwTj u/fpg] cfjZos Joj:yf ug{ klg ;+3n] dfu ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . t/ /fi6« a}+s eg] ljsf; a}+ssf ;~rfnsx?sf] o:tf] dfuk|lt k"/} pbfl;g b]lvFb} cfPsf 5g\ .

xNnf / k|efj

cl3Nnf] bz}+sf] ;dob]lv g} g]kfnsf] cy{tGqdf t/ntfsf] ;+s6 ;'? ePsf] xf] . To;kl5 …sÚ ju{sf afl0fHo a}+sx?af6  …xfdLn] lsg % bzdnj % k|ltzt ;Lcf/cf/ /fVg], ha …vÚ / …uÚ ju{sf ;+:yfn] @ k|ltzt /fv] x'g]Ú eGg] nlaª ;Df]t ;'? eof] . o;n] ubf{ ljsf; a}+sx?n] # bzdnj % k|ltzt /sd /fi6« a}+sdf yk hDdf ug'{k¥of] . To;}sf] c;/:j?k sl/a $ ca{ ?k}ofF Ps}k6s l;:6daf6 lg:s]/ /fi6« a}+sdf k'Uof] . ljsf; a}+ssf ;~rfnsx? eG5g\–æcfkm" ;d:ofaf6 klG5gsf nflu /fi6« a}+sn] o:tf] sbd rfn]sf] xf] .Æ pgLx?sf cg';f/ /fi6« a}+sn] ;dodf gf]6 kl/rfng ug{ ;s]g / To;sf] bf]ifaf6 klG5gnfO{ Tof] ;f9] # k|ltzt km]l/ 9's'6Ldf /fVg'kg]{ lgod agfOlbof] . To;sf] c;/ Jofhb/df ;d]t k/]sf] 5 . hgtf;Fu ePsf] k};f Toltv]/ ljsf; a}+sx?n] …sÚ ju{sf] ;+:yfdf /fv]sf lyP . Tof] /sd Ps}k6s lgsfNg'kbf{sf] 7"n} c;/ k/]sf] bfjL u5{g\ ljsf; a}+s;Dj4 JolQmx? . To;sf ;fy} ;DklQ z'l4s/0f gLltsf ljifodf klg rflxg]eGbf a9L xNnf lkmFhfOPsf sf/0f a}+sx?nfO{ w]/} cK7\of/f] k/]sf] b]lvG5 .

auL{s/0fsf] lje]b

;fgf] cy{tGq ePsf] g]kfndf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] ;+Vof rflxg]eGbf w]/} a9L 5 . To;df klg g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] cjnDag ub}{ cfPsf] gLltaf6 ;du| a}+lsª If]q k|efljt aGg k'u]sf] 5 . ;a} ;+:yfx?nfO{ Pp6} dfkb08 cg';f/ x]l/gfn] vf;u/L If]qLo:t/sf ljsf; a}+sx? s8f r'gf}ltsf] ;fdgf ug{ ljjz 5g\ . ;f+lu|nf ljsf; a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t xl/k|;fb u'?ª eG5g\–æa}+lsª If]qsf nflu ag]sf gLltn] a}+snfO{ kmfObf k'¥ofpg ;Sg'k5{ . x/]s a}+ssf] If]q, k'FhL, hgzlQm, Ifdtf km/s eP klg gLlt Psd'i6?kdf cfpFbf ;a}n] ;dfg 9+un] k|lt:kwf{ ug{ ;Sb}gg\ . g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] otflt/ Wofg lbP gLltsf] dxTj / k|efjsfl/tf a9\g] lyof] . ;a} a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfnfO{ Pp6} efF8f]df xfn]/ d"Nof+sg ug'{ ePg . a}+sn] nufgL ug]{ If]qnfO{ ljljlws/0f ul/lbg'k5{ .Æ

;/sf/L b[li6sf]0f aqm

afl0fHo tyf ljsf; a}+sx?df auL{s/0f cg';f/ sfo{z}nLdf km/skg b]lvFb}g . u|fdL0f Pj+ b'Uf{d If]qdf ;]jf k'¥ofPsf ljsf; a}+snfO{ ;/sf/n] ;x'lnot lbg] Joj:yf u/]df a}+s / u|fxs b'j}n] nfe lng ;Sg] cj:yf 5 . t/, pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf nufgL ug{ ;Sg] ljsf; a}+sx?nfO{ x]g]{ /fi6« a}+s / ;/sf/L b[li6sf]0f g} aqm 5 . Tolx eP/ klg clxn] ul/Psf] a}+sx?sf] auL{s/0f cJojxfl/s ;fljt ePsf] xf] . :t/f]GgtLsf nflu cg'lrt tl/sfn] k'FhL ;+sng ug]{ xf]8afhLn] vf;u/L ljsf; a}+snfO{ /fd|f] gug]{ cy{ljbx? atfpF5g\ . ;a} a}+sn] k'FhL a9fpg'kg]{ jfWosf/L gLltn] ljsf; a}+sx?nfO{ To;otf g/fd|f] k|efj kf¥of] . a}+s / ahf/sf] cWoog ub}{ gLlt, lgodsf] th"{df ug'{kg]{df ckem{6 gLlt, lgod kl/jt{g ug]{ / jfWosf/L cj:yf l;h{gf u/]/ To;nfO{ nfb\g] kl/kf6L xfjL eof] .

nufgLsf] ;Defjgf vf]Hg] ljsf; a}+sn] g} xf] . b'u{d / u|fdL0f If]qdf ;]jf lj:tf/ u/]sf ljsf; a}+snfO{ /fi6« a}+sn] xf};nf k|bfg ug'{kg]{ lj1x? atfp5g\ . jf:tjdf ljsf; a}+snfO{  k|f]T;fxg ug]{ sfd eg]sf] klg /fi6« a}+ss} xf] . t/, clxn] g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] sl;nf] gLltsf sf/0f ljsf; a}+snfO{ pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf shf{ k|jfx ug{ cK7\of/f] k/]sf] ljsf; a}+ssf ;~rfnsx? atfpF5g\ .

/fi6« a}+sn] u/]sf] a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?sf] auL{s/0f cGof]nk"0f{ /x]sf] / o;n] ljQLo If]qnfO{ yk ;+s6k"0f{ agfPsf] eGg] s'/fdf k|foM a}+s/x? ;xet b]lvG5g\ . lSng OghL{ a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t Pj+ ljsf; a}+s ;+3sf cWoIf dgf]h uf]on eG5g\–æ clxn] ;a} a}+sx?n] l/6]n a}+lsªs} sf/f]af/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . 8]enkd]G6 a}+sn] s:tf] sfd ug]{ eg]/ 5'6\ofOPsf] 5}g . ;a{;fwf/0fn] 8]enkd]G6 a}+snfO{ ljsf; ug{ rfxg] a}+ssf ?kdf a'em] t/ /fi6« a}+ssf] gLltn] o;nfO{ ;fgf] afl0fHo a}+ssf] ?kdf kl/eflift u/]sf] 5 . ;f]xL cg';f/ ljsf; a}+sn] ahf/sf] Pp6f ;fgf] lx:;fdf ;Lldt eP/ a:g'kg]{ jfWotf 5 .Æ

cfd dflg;x?df …sÚ ju{sf] ;+:yf 8'Ab}g t/ …vÚ / …uÚ ju{sf ;+:yf 8'A5g\ eGg] unt dfgl;stfsf] l;sf/ klg eO/x]sf 5g\ ljsf; a}+sx? . /fi6« a}+sn] lbPsf] clwsf/, ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] k|fjwfg tyf kfng ug'{kg]{ gLltlgod …sÚ, …vÚ / …uÚ s'g} klg au{sf ;+:yfx?sf nflu km/s 5}g . æt;y{ …sÚ ju{sf] ;+:yf 8'Ab}g, …vÚ / …uÚ dfq} 8'A5 eGg] a'emfO unt xf] .Æ ljsf; a}+s ;+3sf cWoIf uf]on eG5g\–æcfh g]kfnsf] s'g} klg a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf Joj;flos ?kdf 8'Ag] cj:yfdf 5}gg\ . Pp6f u|fxs 8'a]/ jf Pp6fn] C0f ltg{ l9nf] u/]/ s'g} a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf 8'Ab}g . To;df klg C0fafkt lnPsf] lwtf] kof{Kt 5 .Æ

/fi6« a}+ss} v/fa lgot

cfly{s l6Kk0fLsf/x? eG5g\–;a} afl0fHo jf ljsf; a}+sx?sf] ljQLo sf/f]af/ …b'wn] wf]Ph:tf]Ú gx'g ;S5 . t/, ;a}nfO{ Ps} b[li6n] x]g'{ ePg . s]xL ;~rfnsx?sf] ab\df;Lsf sf/0f s'g} a}+sdf ;d:of cfpFbf ;a} ;+:yf g} abgfd eg]/ k|rf/afhL ul/g] sf/0f a}+sx? ab\gfdh:tf] b]lvg] u/]sf] s]xL ;~rfnsx?sf] cg'ej 5 . /fi6« a}+ssf] gfnfosLkgs} sf/0f s'g] klg a}+s jf ljQLo ;+:yf 8'a]kl5 / ;~rfns e"ldut eO;s]kl5 dfq /fi6« a}+ssf clwsf/Lx? To:tf ;+:yf jf JolQmdfly sf/afxL ug{ tlD;g] u/]sf 5g\ . of] Psbd} unt k|j[lQ xf] . a}+lsª k|0ffnLdf ePsf sd{rf/Lsf] Ifdtf Pj+ cfr/0f / ;+:yfsf] ;'zf;gdf ;'wf/ geP;Dd ljQLo If]qdf ;'wf/ cfpg ufx|f] 5 . csf]{lt/ clxn] s]xL afl0fHo a}+sx?n] ;d]t s'g} ;+:yfsf] pbfx/0f lbP/ gsf/fTds k|rf/ ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;sf] c;/ ljz]ifu/L ljsf; a}+sx?df kl//x]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] ahf/ a9fpg …vÚ / …uÚ au{sf ;+:yfx?sf] af/]df gsf/fTds k|rf/ ug]{ k|j[lQ  a9]sf] atfpFl5g\ Pr P08 aL 8]enkd]G6 a}+ssL k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t h;f]bf ;}+h" . æoxfF …vÚ / …uÚ au{sf ljQLo ;+:yf eg]sf] sd;n ;+:yf xf] eGg] e|d 5 .Æ ;}+h" elG5g\–æ;a}eGbf klxnf dflg;df k/]sf] o:tf] e|d / auL{s/0fn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] gsf/fTds ;f]r x6fpg'k5{ . o;sf lglDt ;~rf/ dfWodx?sf] e"ldsf klg dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .Æ clxn] ;+:yfut lgIf]k klg …vÚ / …uÚ au{sf ;+:yfdf dfq /fVg] k|j[lQ al9/x]sf] 5 . ;a} ;+:yfn] cfkm\gf] gLlt kl/jt{g ePsf] eGb} …vÚ au{sf] ljQLo ;+:yfdf lgIf]k hDdf gug]{ atfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . of] ljsf; a}+s?sf nflu 7"nf] ;d:of ePsf] atfpFl5g\ Pr P08 aL 8]enkd]06 a}+ssL k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t h;f]bf ;}+h" . auL{s/0fsf] lje]b x6fpg' kg]{df pgsf] hf]8 5 .  

a}+lsª If]qsf] sf/0fn] æOsf]gf]dL qm\of;Æ x'“b}g

lSng OghL{ 8]e\nkd]06 a}+ssf k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t dgf]h uf]on 8]e\nkd]06 a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;gsf gjlgjf{lrt cWoIf x'g\ . lj=;+= @)$^ ;fndf glan a}+saf6 a}+lsª sl/c/ ;'? u/]sf uf]on & jif{ Toxf“ sfd u/]kl5 tTsfnLg g]kfn dr]{G6 a}+lsª P08 kmfOgfG; -xfn PgPdaL a}+s_ sf] ;+:yfks l;Ocf] aGg k'u] . g]kfn dr]{06df b'O{jif{ glatfp“b} pgL a}+s ckm sf7df8f}+sf] l;Ocf]df lgo'Qm eP . a}+s ckm sf7df8f}+df s]xL Joj:yfkg ;d:of b]lvPsf] tTsfnLg kl/l:yltdf 8f= 7fs'/gfy kGtsf] g]t[Tjdf uf]on;d]tsf] ;d"xn] ;f] a}+snfO{ k'ghL{jg lbPsf] lyof] . uf]onn] ;g\ @))@ ;Dd lacf]s]df sfd u/] / lSng OghL{ 8]e\nkd]06 a}+ssf] :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} l;Ocf]sf] lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNb} cfPsf 5g\ . a}+lsª sl/c/df nfu]]sf] ljut @@ aif{sf] cjlwdf !% jif{b]lv k|d'v sfo{sf/L clws[t /x“b} cfPsf uf]on jfl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgL u/L ltg} lsl;dsf ;+:yfdf sfo{sf/L k|d'v alg;s]sf 5g\ . k|:t't 5, uf]on;“u lahg]; hg{nn] u/]sf] s'/fsfgLM–

8]e\nkd]06 a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;gsf] g]t[Tj ;DxfNg' ePsf] 5, sfo{of]hgfx? s]–s] 5g\ <

clxn] dflg;x?df ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?sf] af/]df h'g e|d 5, …vÚ / …uÚ au{ eg]sf sdhf]/?kn] :yflkt ;+:yf x'g\ eGg] unt a'emfOnfO{ d]6fpg] / ljZjf;sf] jftfj/0f l;h{gf ug]{ d]/f] d'Vo p2]Zo 5 . bf]>f], ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf s'/fx?n] b]lvPsf ;d:ofx? lg/fs/0f ug{ a}+sx?sf] Ifdtf clej[l4df hf]8 lbg] . t];|f], cy{tGqdf ljsf; a}+sx?sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsfnfO{ kl/eflift u/fpg] . clxn] ;a}n] o'lge;{n a}+lsª ul//x]sf] cj:yf 5 . t/ casf lbgx?df afl0fHo a}+s, ljsf; a}+s / ljQ sDkgLx?aLrsf] km/s 5'l§g'k5{ eGg] xfd|f] dfGotf 5 . d'VotM oLg} d'2fx?nfO{ lnP/ cufl8 a9\g] ;f]r 5 .

oxf“n] ‘v’ / ‘u’  au{sf ;+:yfx?k|ltsf] e|dsf] s'/f ug'{ef],w]/}h;f] ltg} au{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfdf ;d:of cfPsfn] dflg;x?df To:tf] 5fk kg'{ :jefljs xf]Og / <

…vÚ / …uÚ  au{sf ;+:yfx?sf] ;+Vof a9L ePsfn] klg To:tf] nfu]sf] xf] . ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf] sf/0fn] s]xLdf ;d:of cfPsf] xf] . To;df …sÚ au{sf k/]gg\ eGb}df ;d:of g} 5}g eGg] dnfO{ nfUb}g . …vÚ / …uÚ  au{df b]lvof] eGb}df ;a} v/fa 5g\ eGg] klg xf]Og . s'g} klg a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yfsf] x]Nysf h'g ;"rsf+sx? x'G5g\, To;nfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] gLlt lgodx? …vÚ / …uÚ au{sfnfO{ klg …sÚ au{;/x jf cem a9L s8fOsf ;fy nfu" ul/Psf] x'G5 . pgLx?sf] l8kf]lh6;DdnfO{ klg l;lnª /flvPsf] 5 . To;sf/0f, aflkmofsf] sf/0fn] klg …vÚ / …uÚ au{sf ;+:yf sdhf]/ x'g'kg]{ s]xL 5}g / /fi6« a}+ssf] gLltlgod / s'g} lsl;dsf] sfo{qmdsf sf/0f klg sdhf]/ x'g'kg]{ l:ylt 5}g . …sÚ, …vÚ / …uÚ eGg] Tof] s'g} vf; auL{s/0f xf]Og . ;fob n]Vg, af]Ng ;lhnf]sf nflu To:tf] Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf], To;nfO{ auL{s/0fsf ?kdf a'em\g' e|d xf] .

‘v’ / ‘u’ au{sf ;+:yfx?df a9L ;d:of b]lvg' jf b]vfOg'df /fi6« a}+ssf] s'g} e"ldsf xf]nf ls gxf]nf <

/fi6« a}+ssf] of]hgfa4 e"ldsf xf]nfh:tf] t nfUb}g . cy{tGqdf t/ntf ;+s6 ulxl/+b} hfg' / 3/hUufdf a9L nufgL eP/ ;d:of cfpFbf ;+of]ujz …vÚ / …uÚ au{sf ;+:yfdf ;d:ofsf s'/fx? Afflx/ cfPsf x'g\ . s]xL ;docl3 g]kfn /fi6« a}+sn] ljleGg ljsf; a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLx?df /x]sf] cfkm\gf] lgIf]ksf] cjlw ;dfKt ePkl5 /sd lgsfn]sf] ljifodf h'g ;dfrf/ aflx/ cfof], To;af6 k|jfx ePsf] ;Gb]zrflxF b'ef{Uok"0f{ xf] . hasL clxn] klg g]kfn /fi6« a}+ssf] s'n !@ ca{ d'2lt lgIf]kdWo] sl/a !) ca{ ?k}ofF …vÚ / …uÚ au{sf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?df 5 .

;a} au{sf a}+s, ljQLo ;+:yfx?n] Ps} k|s[ltsf] sfd ubf{ klg ;d:of cfPsf] xf] ls <

;a}n] Pp6} sfd ug]{ sf/0fn] ;d:o} cfpg'k5{ eGg] xf]Og . To;n] k|lt:kwf{ cjZo a9\5 . k|lt:kwf{ Hofbf x'Fbf c:j:y k|lt:kwf{ x'G5 eGg] lx;faaf6 x]g]{ xf] eg] tkfO{n] eGg'ePsf] s'/f 7Ls x'g ;S5 . Pp6} k|s[ltsf] sfd u/]sf sf/0fn] eGbf klg cy{tGqdf nufgLsf ljljw If]qsf] ck]Iffs[t ljsf; x'g g;Sbf ;d:of cfPsf] xf] . pTkfbgd"ns If]qdf a}+sx?n] nufgL ug]{ jftfj/0f gaGbf w]/}h;f] nufgL 3/hUuf / ;]o/df eof] . ;d:ofsf] d"n h8 g} ToxL xf] .

a}+lsª If]qs} sf/0f clxn] cy{tGq w/f;foL x'g nfUof] elgG5 lg <

a}+lsª If]qsf] sf/0fn] Osf]gf]dL qm\of; x'Fb}g . olb eof] eg] To;sf] sf/0f /fhgLlts cl:y/tf xf] . /fhgLlts cl:y/tf w]/} lbg /xFb} uof] eg] cy{tGqdf To;sf] b'/ufdL c;/ k5{ .

jf:tjdf, ;d:of clxn] s'g ljGb'df 5 <

s'g} lsl;dsf] ;+/rgfut ;d:of xfdLsxfF 5}g . clxn] ePsf] ;d:of eg]sf] t/ntf cefj dfq} xf] . a}+lsª k|0ffnLdf h'g b/df lgIf]k a[l4 x'g'kYof]{, Tof] gx'g' d'Vo ;d:of xf] . csf]{ eg]sf] 3/hUuf / ;]o/df xfd|f] nufgL kl/rfng /f]lsPsf] 5 . To:t} ;+:yfut ;'zf;gsf s'/fx? klg 5g\ . oBlk oL ;a} ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;lsg] vfnsf x'g\, cflQOxfNg' kg]{ cj:yf 5}g . w}o{tfsf ;fy clnslt ;do lbg] xf] / cy{tGqn] s]xL ult lng] xf] eg] u'd]sf ;a} lrh k'gM k|fKt ug{ ;lsG5, t/ Tolt~h]n;Dd wfGg xfdL ;hu x'g}k5{ . xfd|f] cy{tGqdf Toqf] 7"nf] afx\o hf]lvd s]xL 5}g .

clxn]sf] ;+s6k"0f{ 38Ldf a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfsf 5ftf ;+u7gx?aLr sltsf] ;dGjo / ;xsfo{ x'g ;ls/x]sf] 5 <

xfdL lgoldt ;Dks{ / ;dGjodf /xG5f}+ . g]kfn a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;g, 8]e\nkd]06 a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;g / g]kfn ljQLo ;+:yf ;+3 tLgj6} ;+u7gaLr /fd|f] ;dGjo 5 . clxn] of] /fli6«o ;d:ofs} ?kd cfPsf] x'gfn] o;df xfd|f] s'g} leGgtf 5}g . t/ …vÚ / …uÚ au{sf ;+:yfdflysf] e|d / cljZjf;sf sf/0f xfdLn] cln a9L ;+3if{ ug'{ kl//x]sf] cj:yf 5 .

a}+s tyf ljQ sDkgLsf ;a} 5ftf ;+u7gx?sf] dxf;+3 u7g ug]{ ax; klg ;'Ggdf cfPsf] lyof], jf:tljstf s] xf] <

5ftf ;+u7g agfpg'k5{ eGg] s'/f dnfO{ klg nflu/x]sf] 5 . To;f] x'g ;Sof] eg] s]lGb|o a}+s;Fusf] l8lnªdf klg k|efjsfl/tf cfpF5 . ;fwg–>f]t klg a9\5 / Ifdtf clej[l4 klg x'G5 . 8]enkd]G6 a}+s;{ P;f]l;P;gsf] c:tLsf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f ;efaf6 xfdLn] ;a}sf] ;femf 5ftf ;+u7g u7g ug]{ cjwf/0ff kfl/t u/]sf 5f}+ . cGo ;fyLx?sf] ;f]r larf/ s] 5 eGg] s'/f t lj:tf/} cfpnf . xfdLn] kf; ul/;s]sf] cj:yfdf g]kfn a}+s;{ ;+3 / ljQLo ;+:yf ;+3sf ;fyLx? klg ;sf/fTds x'g'eof] eg] To;n] d"t{?k kfpnf ls Û

xfn}dfq g]kfnL ;]gfn] ‘v’ / ‘u’ au{sf a}+s ljQLo ;+:yfx?df cfkm\gf] lgIf]k g/fVg] eg]sf] 5, o:tf 7"nf ;+:yfut lgIf]kstf{x?nfO{ /sd glemSgsf nflu ljZjf; lbnfpg tkfO“x?sf] s'g} sfo{qmd 5 ls <

x]gf]{;\, b]zsf] lgod sfg'gcg';f/ v'n]sf ;+:yfsf] lj?4df x'g]u/L s'g}klg ;fj{hlgs ;+:yfgn] lg0f{o ug'{ sfg'g;Ddt x'G5 ls x'Fb}g < pxfFx?n] To;/L s'g} au{ljif]zsf ;+:yfdf k};f g/fVg] eGg'sf] ;§f ljj]sk"0f{ 9+un] ;+:yfsf] Jofn]G; l;6, Joj:yfkg tyf ;~rfnsx?sf] k[i7d"ld / sfo{z}nL x]/]/ lg0f{o lng'k5{ . of] a9L lhDd]jf/ sbd x'G5 .

lSng OghL{ 8]enkd]G6 a}+sn] pmhf{sf If]qdf u/]sf sfdaf/] s]xL atfOlbg';\ g <

lSng OghL{ a}+ssf] sf/f]af/ ;'? ePsf] kfFr jif{dfq ePsf] 5 . To;aLrdf slt d]ufjf6sf] kLkLP ePsf] 5 / < kLkLPaf6 Pp6f cfof]hgf lnP/ hfFbf lgdf{0fdf #÷$ jif{nfU5 . To;}n] xfd|f] sfd gb]lvPsf] xf] . a}+sn] w]/} cfof]hgfdf sfd ;'? u/]sf] 5 . l;pF8Lvf]nf, df]bL, dfOn'ªvf]nf / emf/L rf/j6f cfof]hgf lgdf{0ffwLg 5g\ . ;ft–cf7j6f k|f]h]S6sf nflu s'/f eO/x]sf] 5 . To:t} ljleGg sDkgL;Fu ldn]/ ;x/L / u|fdL0f If]qdf ;f]nf/kfj/, afof]Uof; cflbdf sfd ul//x]sf 5f+} . a}+sn] @$ s/f]8sf] ;LO{8LaL xfO8"f] kmG8dfkm{t ! ;o %) hlt cfof]hgfdf sfd ul//x]sf] 5 . a}+sn] hnljB't lj1x?nfO{ g} lnP/ sfd cl3 a9fO/x]sf] 5 .

tkfO“x?n] pmhf{sf] If]qdf sfd ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5, o;}aLr ;/sf/n] pmhf{ ljsf; a}+ssf] cjwf/0ff NofPsf] 5 . o;af/] tkfO“ s] eGg'x'G5 <

pmhf{ ljsf; a}+ssf] cjwf/0ff Tolt k|i6 a'em\g ;lsPsf] 5}g . xfdLn] a'em]sf] s'/f s] xf] eg], ;dfwfg tTsfn} rflxPsf] 5 . Pp6f a}+s v'Ng], To;n] clkm;, hgzlQm, km08 ;a} h'6fP/ clg To;n] k|f]h]S6df nufgL u/]/ k|ltkmn cfpg] s'/f w]/} 6f9fsf] xf] . km]l/ ePg, To:tf] ;/sf/L cj:yfdf v'n]sf] ;+:yfsf cfkm\g} ;d:ofx? x'G5g\ . csf]{lt/ clxn] ;'? eO;s]sf / ;'? x'g nfu]sf k|f]h]S6x?s} nflu em08} @) ca{ ?k}ofF tTsfn} cfjZos /x]sf] cj:yf 5 . ahf/df t/ntf 5}g, ePsf] t/ntfdf klg Aofhb/ pRr 5 . To;sf/0f pmhf{ ljsf; a}+ssf] s'/f 5Fb}5, pmhf{ ;+s6 tTsfn ;dfwfgsf nflu h'g kl/of]hgfx? xfdL a}+sx?n] cWoog u/]/ nufgL ug{ rfx]sf 5f}+, tL kl/of]hgfx?sf nflu ;/sf/n] lglZrt Jofhb/df a}+sx?nfO{ lb3{sfnLg C0f pknAw  u/fOlbg] xf] eg] Tof] a9\tf k|efjsf/L x'G5 . o;af6 dfq clxn]sf] ahf/sf] cfjZostf k"/f x'g ;S5 .