sf7df8f}+ ÷ k6s–k6s ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg] bn, ltgsf g]tf / ;ef;bx¿n] ;+ljwfg gagfpg] t/ ;ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yk]/ eQf krfpg] sfo{ hf/L g} /fv]sf]df hgcfqmf]z a9]sf] 5 . bf]>f] k6s ;+ljwfg;efsf] ylkPsf] Dofb ebf} !$ ut] ;lsg nfUbf km]/L # dlxgf Dofb yk ug{ ;/sf/n] lg0f{o u/L ;+;b ;lrjfnodf ebf} ^ ut] k|:tfj btf{ u/fPsf] 5 . /fhLgfdf ul/;s]sf] sfdrnfp vgfn ;/sf/n] dlGqkl/ifb\af6 lg0f{o  u/L ;f] k|:tfj btf{ u/fp+bf ;Qf ;fem]bf/ dfcf]jfbL dGqLx¿n] rsf]{ lj/f]w u/L dlGqkl/ifb\ j}7s alxisf/ u/]sf lyP . dfcf]jfbLx¿n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb ^ dlxgf yKg vf]h]sf 5g\ . o; cl3 ;Qf ;fem]bf/ bnx¿sf] k|=d= lgjf; afn'jf6f/df a;]sf] j}7sn] ( dlxgf ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb yKg lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . ( dlxgf Dofb yk ePdf hgljb|f]x x'g ;Sg] eo b]v]/ sfdrnfp ;/sf/n] # dlxgf dfq Dofb yKg] k|:tfj btf{ u/fPsf] xf] .

;+qmd0fsfn nDAofp+b} cfkm\gf] :jfy{ k"lt{ ug{ cft'/ bnx¿ hlxn] klg zflGt / ;+ljwfgnfO{ j]jf:tf ubf{ ;do v]/ uPsf] 5 . b]z kl/jt{gsf] ;+3f/df pleP/ klg hgtfn] /fxt kfpg'sf] ;§f b'Mv dfq kfpFbf hgc;Gt'li6 a9]sf] 5 . b]zsf] cj:yf gfh's aGb} 8/nfUbf] l:yltdf cfOk'ubf s'g} klg a]nf ljb|f]x / c;Gt'li6sf] Hjfnf km'6\g] vt/f 5 . t} klg bnx? uDeL/ 5}gg\ . n'6\g] k|j[lQ TofUg g;Sg] g]tfx? ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ agfpg] s'/f lgsfn] klg Jojxf/ 7Ls To;sf] ljkl/t ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb ;lsP eQf kfpg g;Sg] / ;Qfaf6 Ro"t x'g] eon] u|l;t eO{ ;j{ k|yd Dofb yklt/ s]lGb|t x'+bf /fi6«kltn] lbPsf] ;xdltsf] Dofb u'hf/]sf 5g\ . k'gM ax'dts} ;/sf/ aGg] kl/l:yltn] b]z g/fd|f] vfN8f]df km:g] k|i6 5 .

;Qf?9 bnn] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb hlxn] klg yKg kfpg] / cbfntsf] AofVofnfO{ pN6fpFb} cfkm'v'zL AofVof ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

jl/i7 clwjQmf nIdL axfb'/ lg/f}nfn] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ^$ sf] b'O{ jif]{ sfo{sfn afWofTds /x]sf]n] wf/f !$* sf] k|of]uåf/f ;+zf]wg x'g g;Sg] 7f]s'jf ug'{ ePsf] 5 . ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f ^$ df ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb @ jif{ tf]lsPsf] / Dofb yKg' h?/L eP ^ dlxgf;Dd yKg ;lsg] lg0f{o a}zfv !! df u/]sf] lyof] . cbfntn] h:tf];'s} ;+s6sfndf ^ dlxgfeGbf a9L Dofb a9fpg gx'g] lg0f{o u/] klg clxn] Tof] lg0f{o lj?4 :jo+ dfcf]jfbLx¿ ;lqmo ePsf 5g\ . ;/sf/ kIfw/ sfg"g Joj;foLx¿n] ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb a9fpg] ts{ dfq ub}{gg\ pgLx¿n] t ;+ljwfg gag];Dd o;sf] Dofb yKb} hfg'kg]{ blnn u/]sf] b]Vbf b]znfO{ åGbtkm{ ws]lng] if8\oGq x'g nfu]sf] k|i6 x'G5 . tfhf hgfb]zdf guO{ uGxfPsf e|i6x¿nfO{ km]/L ;+ljwfg;ef dfkm{t e|i6frf/ ug{ 5'6 lbg] cj;/ cfP b]z ajf{bLsf] af6f]df k'Ug] ljZn]ifsx¿n] ts{ u/]sf 5g\ .

/fhgLlts ck/fwnfO{ ;+/If0f lbg] g]tfx¿ dfwj g]kfn, ;'lzn sf]O/fnf / 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ nufotsf g]tfx¿n] ;+ljwfg;ef Dofb yksf] v]ndf leqL / aflx/L ?kdf nfu]sf] cf/f]k 5 eg] dw]zL df]rf{sf g]tfx¿ klg plQs} bf]ifL 5g\ . ;a}n] b]zdf n'6\g;Dd n'6 dRffP/ hgtfsf] 9f8 ;]Sg] sfd ub}{ cfPsf]df ;a}lt/ cfnf]rgf eO/x]sf] 5 .

cGtl/Ifdf 3'ld/xg] xf]6n

/l;ofsf] /fHo lgolGqt b'O{ cGtl/If sDkgLn] k[YjLdflysf] cGtl/Ifdf 3'ld/xg] Ps xf]6n lgdf{0f ug]{ of]hgf /x]sf] atfPsf 5g\ . /l;ofsf] h'sf]E:sLdf ePsf] PdPs]P; xjfO{ k|bz{gLdf cf/s]s] Ol~hg]l/of / clj{6n 6]Sgf]nf]lhh gfds b'O{ sDkgLn] ;g\ !)!^ ;Dd cGtl/Ifdf xf]6n lgdf{0f ul/;Sg] hfgsf/L lbP . ;f] xf]6ndf ;ft hgf cltlysf nflu sf]7f agfOg] atfOPsf] 5 . xf]6n lgdf{0fsf] nIo /l;ofsf] ;f]leotsfnLg cGtl/If k|ljlwnfO{ lj:yflkt ub}{ cGtl/If ko{6g k|j4{g ug]{ /x]sf] sDkgLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .

cGtl/If xf]6n afx]s sDkgLn] ;g\ @)#) ;Dd ko{6snfO{ rGb|dfsf] cFWof/f] If]q;Dd e|d0f u/fpg] of]hgf agfPsf 5g\ . ;f]leotsfnLg ;f]o'h cGtl/Ifofg k|of]u ul//x] klg cGtl/If ko{6gdf /l;of ;a}eGbf cl3 /x]sf] 5 . xfn cGtl/If ko{6gsf] tof/Lsf nflu cd]l/sf, /l;of / o"/f]ksf sDkgLaLr k|lt:kwf{ eO/x]sf] 5 . /fHo ;~rflnt cGtl/If ;+:yfx¿sf] vr{df ;/sf/n] s6f}tL u/]kl5 tL ;+:yf cGtl/If ko{6gk|lt cfslif{t ePsf 5g\ .

/fwfs[i0f /yofqfdf /fi6«kltsf] vf]hL

la/f6gu/ ÷ k/Dk/fut eujfg /fwfs[i0fsf] /yofqf eJo ?kdf ebf} % ut] ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . /ynfO{ gu/sf] cf7 lsnf]ld6/ If]qdf kl/qmddf u/fOPsf] a]nf nfvf}+ eQmhgx¿sf] ;xeflutf lyof] . ;xefuLx¿n] /fi6«klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjsf] vf]hL ub}{ o:tf] ljzfn /yofqfdf /fi6«klt lsg gcfPsf] egL k|Zgx¿ u/]sf lyP . /fhfsf] zf;gsfndf wfld{s ;df/f]xx¿df /fhf ;l/s x'Gy] eg] clxn] klg /fhwfgLdf /fhf hfg] wfld{s :ynx¿df /fhfsf] 7fpFdf /fi6«klt hfg] u/]sf]n] oxf+ klg /fi6«klt cfpg' kg]{ts{ lj/f6gu/af;Lx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ . /fi6«kltn] g]kfn eg]sf] sf7df8f}+ dfq 7fGbf o:tf] lj/f]w ePsf] 5 egL eQmhgaLr rrf{ 5 . @)@$ ;fnb]lv lj/f6gu/df x/]s jif{ s[i0ffi6dLsf] ef]lnkN6 /yofqf lgsflng] k/Dk/f 5 .

8fS6/x? lSnlgslt/
jL/ c:ktfndf k|lzIffyL{x¿ pkrf/ ub}{

sf7df8f}+ ÷ b]zsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] c:ktfndf lbg k|ltlbg nfk/jfxL a9\b} uPsf] 5 . d'n'se/af6 ljleGg /f]usf la/fdLx¿ aL/ c:ktfndf pkrf/ u/fpg cfpg] ub{5g\, t/ Toxf+ sfo{/t 8fS6/x?n] k|fOe]6 lSnlgstkm{ a9L / c:ktfn ukm ug]{ ynf] agfPkl5 la/fdLx¿ k|lzIffyL{ lrlsT;saf6 pkrf/ u/fpg afWo 5g\ .

c:ktfnsf lgb]{zsn] 8fS6/x¿nfO{ sfd nufpg c;kmn x'+bf lrlsT;sx¿ 5f8f ag]sf 5g\ . tnj ;'ljwf c:ktfnaf6 vfPkl5 ;j{k|yd c:ktfndf pkrf/ ;]jf lbg' kb{5 . :jf:Yo dGqfnon] sfg"g agfP/ c:ktfnsf 8fS6/x¿nfO{ k|fOe]6 lSnlgs / gl;{Ë xf]d tyf lghL c:ktfndf sfd ug{ /f]s gnufP;Dd la/fdLx¿n] ;]jf gkfpg]:jf:Yo ljz]if1x¿sf] egfO{ 5 .

c:ktfndf, ;/;kmfO{sf] cefj, 8fS6/x¿n] lj/fdL;Fu ug]{ ?vf] Jojxf/ / af]g; lbg] sDkgLx¿sf] cf}iflw dfq lrlsT;sx?n] n]Vg] u/]sf]n] u'0f:t/Lo ;]jfaf6 ;j{;fwf/0f al~rt ePsf 5g\ . aL/ c:ktfndf nfk/jfxL a9\bf] / /f]uL;Fu ?vf] Jojxf/ x'+b} cfPsf] k|df0f :jo+ :jf:Yo dGqL crfgs cjnf]sg ubf{ kQf nufPsf x'g\ .

:jf:Yo dGqL nf]s]Gb| lji6;+u aL/ c:ktfnsf :6fkm g;{n] ut ;ftf u/]sf] ;+jfb / 8\o"6Ldf lrlsT;sx¿ g/x]sf] k|df0f dGqLn] :jo+ e]6]kl5 klg c:ktfndf ;'wf/ x'g g;Sbf la/fdL / s'?jfx¿ lrlGtt ePsf 5g\ . hxf+ lrlsT;f zf:qsf] :gftsf]Q/ txsf] k9fO{ ;d]t x'G5 Toxf+sf] c:ktfnsf] o'lg6x¿df lzsf?x¿n] dfq pkrf/ ubf{ la/fdLx¿ ;dodf lgsf] gx'g] / d[To'j/0f ug]{ ;Defjgf klg plQs} 5 . -;'ldt v8\ufaf6_

sfdljxLg pk/fi6«klt

sf7df8f}+ ÷ pk/fi6«klt k/dfgGb emfn] sfd gkfP/ b'Mlvt aGg' ePsf] 5 . cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf pk/fi6«kltsf] Joj:yf eP klg pxf+n] k|of]uug]{ clwsf/ cToGt ;Lldt ePsf] sf/0f c;Gt'li6 JoQm ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 . ;/sf/L 9's'6L vfP/ sfdljxLg ePkl5 pxf+n] k6s–k6s cfkm"n] sfd kfpg' kg]{ klg ;fj{hlgs ?kdf JoQm ub}{ cfpg' ePsf] 5 .

/fi6«klt aflx/ uPsf] a]nf dfq pxf+sf] e"ldsfsf lglDt /fi6«n] 7"nf] wg/fzL vr{ ug'{ / pxf+sf] ;'/Iffsf] gfpFdf k|z:t ;'/IffsdL{ kl/rfng u/L /fli6«o 9's'6L vr{ ubf{ cfnf]rgf eO/x]sf] 5 . ;+ljwfg lj1x?n] t o:t} cj:yfsf] pk/fi6«klt  kb g} /fvL /fVg' h?/L gePsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

;k{sf] laulauLn] !# hgfsf] d[To'

s~rgk'/ ÷ o; jif{ dfq} ;k{sf] 6f]sfOaf6 !# hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . To;}u/L &@ hgf ;k{b+zsf lj/fdL c:ktfn k'¥ofOPsf]df w]/} h;f]nfO{ ef/ttk{m l/km/ ul/Psf] 5 . vf;u/L af9L cfPkl5 ;k{sf Kjfn kfgLn] aGb x'g] / ;k{x¿n] a:tLdf k;]/ hyfefjL dflg;nfO{ 8:g] ub{5g\ . dxfsfnL c~rn c:ktfndf ;k{b+zsf lj/fdL hf+Rg] lrlsT;s gePsf] / ;3g pkrf/ sIf klg gePsf]n] pkrf/ ug{ sl7g eO/x]sf] 5 .

;'/IffnfO{ ;ts{tf

sf7df8f}+ ÷ ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb !$ ut] ;lsg] / km]l/ # dlxgf Dofb ylkg] ;Gbe{df pTkGg x'g ;Sg] hl6ntf, lj/f]w k|bz{g / x'nbËfnfO{ Wofgdf /fvL ;'/Iffsf ;a} cËx¿ xfO{ cn6{ kf]lhzgdf /flvPsf] 5 . u[xdGqfnon] /Iff dGqfno;Fu ;dGjo u/L e/kbf]{ ;'/Iff k|aGw ldnfPsf] bfjL ul/Psf] 5 . b]ze/sf ;'/IffsdL{x¿nfO{ tDtof/ kfl/Psf] 5 .

o;}aLr h+uL c8\8fdf a;]sf] hg]{nx¿sf] j}7sn] b]zsf] /fhgLlts cj:yfsf] ;dLIff u/L kf+r j6} ljsf; If]qdf /x]sf k[tgf sfof{nox¿df cfjZos lgb]{zg lbO;s]sf] >f]tsf] bfjL 5 .

8f=e§/fO{nfO{ k|=d= agfpg] k|of;

sf7df8f}+ ÷ Pdfcf]jfbL cWoIf 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ k|wfgdGqL aGg] /x/ /fi6«kltn] tf]s]sf] klxnf] ;do;Ldf leq k"/f x'g ;s]g . ;xdltsf] ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ug]{ cfsf+Iff ;lxt k|wfgdGqLsf] bf}8df ;fd]n 8f= e§/fO{ s]xL g]tfx?sf] sf/0f c;kmn x'g' ePsf] kf6L{leq rrf{ eO/x]sf] 5 . Pdfcf]jfbL kf6L{ leq–leq 8f= e§/fO{nfO{ c;xof]u u/]sf]n] sf+u|];sf k|Tof;L z]/axfb'/ b]pjfnfO{ an ldn]sf] 5 . cfkm\gf] x}l;otdf wSsf nfUg] ;Defjgf b]v]/ s]xL g]tfx?n] leqL rfn rn]sf] /fhg}lts ljZn]ifsx¿sf] 7x/ 5 . oBlk k|r08n] cfkm\gf] 6fpsf] hf]ufpg / kf6L{ ljjfb ldnfpgsf nflu g} o; cl3 8f= e§/fO{nfO{ kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 k|=d=sf] pDd]bjf/ agfpg] lg0f{o u/]sf] lyof] . of] s'/f :jo+ afa'/fdn] klg /fd|/L a'em\g' ePsf] 5 . /fi6«kltn] ;xdltsf] ;/sf/ u7g ug{ tf]s]sf] ebf} & ut]sf] ;do ;Ldf ;dfKt ePsf] 5 . t}klg 8f= e§/fO{ k|=d+ aGg e/k"/ k|of;df h'6\g' ePsf] 5 .

ptf sf+u|];sf g]tf z]/ axfb'/ b]pjf k|wfgdGqL aGg a}7sdfly a}7s ub}{ cfP klg pxf+ klg /fi6«kltn] lgwf{/0f u/]sf] klxnf] ;do ;Ldf u'hf/]sf 5g\ . bnx?aLrsf] u'6aGbL / kbnf]n'ktfn] k|wfgdGqL rog k|lqmof nlDaPsf] xf] .