d08]nfsf] b]zdf g]kfnLsf] rlt{snf

pHHjn kxf8L

o'jfx¿nfO{ kl/jt{gsf ;+jfxs elgG5 . x'g klg xf], b]zleq ePsf] x/]s /fhgLlts Pjd\ ;fdflhs kl/jt{gsf cu'jf o'jfx¿ g} x'g\ . rfx] Tof] ))& ;fnsf] kl/jt{g xf];\, rfx] )#^, )$^ jf kl5Nnf] )^# s} kl/jt{g lsg gxf];\, b]zleq /fhgLlts txdf /fi6«jfb, ;Rrf ljrf/s / ;fdflhs ¿kdf ;Eo ;dfh lgdf{0fsf lxdfotLsf] 9f]n lk6\g] o'jf cfkm\gf] g]kfnL e"ld 5f8]/ ljb]z k'u]kl5 slt xb;Dd lubf{ /x]5g\ eGg] k'li6 o; k6ssf] ljZj o'jf tyf ljBfyL{ ;Dd]ngn] u/]sf] 5 .

blIf0f clk|msfsf] lk6f]l/oddf ePsf] ;qf}+ ljZj o'jf tyf ljBfyL{ dxf]T;jdf efu lng g]kfnaf6 b'O{ ;o $& hgf k|ltlglw k'u]sf lyP . dxf]T;jsf] dxŒjeGbf klg 7fp“ x]g]{ / ;s];Dd df]hd:tL ug]{ p2]Zon] k|foM ;a} C0f vf]h]/} blIf0f clk|msf k'u]sf lyP . blIf0f clk|msf cfkm}“df To:tf] 7fp“ xf], h;sf] rrf{ of}g / ul/aL;“u ;“u;“u} hf]8]/ ul/G5 . ul/aLs} sf/0f Toxf“sf] of}g Joj;fo km:6fPsf] s'/f af/Daf/ ;fj{hlgs x'g] u/]sf 5g\ . ut jif{ ;DkGg ljZjsk km'6ansf] cfof]hgf blIf0f clk|msfs} /fhwfgL hf]xfg];au{df ePsfn] Toxf“sf] cfly{s cj:yf clns ;'wfl/Psf] 5 . ToxL 7fp“df o; k6s cfof]hgf ePsf] o'jf dxf]T;j g]kfnL o'jfsf nflu /dfOnf] ug]{ uGtJo dfq aGof] . of] dxf]T;jdf cd]l/sfn] pkl:ylt hgfPg . ljZjsf clwsf+z d'n'ssf k|ltlglwn] efu lnPsf] dxf]T;jdf s] eof], s] ljifon] 5nkmndf a9L k|fyldstf kfP / dxf]T;jn] s:tf] lgrf]8 lgsfNof] eGg] ljifo clwsf+z ;xefuL g]kfnLsf nflu uf}0f ljifo aGof] .

km:6fPsf] of}g Joj;fos} sf/0f PrcfO{eL ;+qmldtx¿sf] cf“s8fdf cufl8 /x]sf blIf0f clk|msf ;Dd]ngdf ;xefuL x'g hfg] g]kfnLsf nflu ;a}eGbf a9L To;}df k|ToIf ;xefuL x'g] / cg'ej a6'Ng] df}sf aGof] . slt;Dd eg] 7"n} /fhgLlts bnsf s]Gb|Lo txsf g]tf;d]t dlb/f ;]jg u/L clk|msg s]6Lx¿;“u /ft latfPsf] ljifo ;xefuL g]kfnLx¿dfem ax;sf] ljifo aGof] . Ps ;xefuLsf cg';f/, gf} lbg;Dd rn]sf] dxf]T;jdf aGb;qleq Ps÷b'O{hgf afx]s sf]xL klg k"/} ;do ;xefuL lyPgg\ . nfvf}+ ?k}of“ vr{ u/]/ ;Dd]ngdf efu lng uPsf pgLx¿ ;Dd]ng 5f8]/ ;x/ 3'Dg / ef8fdf o'jtL;“u lbg÷/ft latfpgdf g} Jo:t lyP .

l8;]Da/ !# b]lv @! cyf{t\ d+l;/ @& b]lv k'; ^ ;Dd cfof]lht dxf]T;jdf efu lng g]kfnaf6 tLgj6f ;d"xdf o'jfx¿ To;tkm{ uPsf lyP . klxnf] 6f]nL stf/ Po/j]hdfkm{t, bf];|f] 6f]nL h]6 Po/j]hdfkm{t lbNnL x'“b} / t];|f] 6f]nL b'aO{, Olyof]lkof x'“b} blIf0f clk|msf k'u]sf] lyof] . b'O{ ;o &) hgf g]kfnLn] Toxf“ hfgsf nflu le;f nufP klg b'O{ ;o $& hgf dfq Toxf“ k'u]sf lyP . Toxf“ hfg]df cg]/f:jljo', o'jf ;+3 g]kfn, t?0f bn, g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3, :jljo' sfplG;n / dfn], g]skf -;+o'Qm_, dw];L hgclwsf/ kmf]/d, dhkmf] -nf]stflGqs_, t/fO{–dw]; nf]stflGqs kf6L{ / ;b\efjgf -dxtf]_ ;Da4 o'jfx¿ lyP . sfo{qmd:yn blIf0f clk|msfsf] k|zf;lgs /fhwfgL lk6f]l/of lyof] . of] d'Vo /fhwfgL hf]xfg];au{af6 Ps xhf/ lsnf]ld6/sf] b"/Ldf 5 . d'Vo /fhwfgL afx]s blIf0f clk|msfsf tLgj6f ;xfos /fhwfgL 5g\ . tL lk6f]l/of, s]k6fpg / b/ejfª x'g\ .

;xefuLnfO{ a:gsf nflu Pp6f ljZjljBfnosf] xf]:6ndf Joj:yf ldnfOPsf] lyof] . Ps a]8sf] Pp6f sf]7f k|To]s ;xefuLsf nflu lyof] . cfof]hsn] ;Dd]ng ;kmn agfpg / ;xefuLn] ljsf;sf s]xL s'/f l;s]/ hfpmg\ eg]/ ;Sbf] k|of; u/] klg g]kfnLsf nflu Tof] df}sf afn'jfdf kfgLh:t} ePsf] atfOG5 .

vfgfd} emu8f

l;Q}df vfg eg]kl5 g]kfnLn] s]xL 5f8\b}gg\ eGg] ts{nfO{ o; k6s Toxf“ hfg] o'jfx¿n] cem} dnhn ug]{ sfd u/] . ;xefuLnfO{ laxfgsf] gf:tf cf7 ah] xf]:6nd} Nofpg] Joj:yf ul/Psf] lyof] . t/, cufl8 a:g]n] ;ft÷cf7j6f vfhfsf Kofs]6 af]Sg] / af“sLn] gkfpg] l:ylt ePkl5 cfk;d} emu8f ePsf] lyof] . cfkm"–cfkm"df ljjfb a9]kl5 To;nfO{ ;fDo kfg{ cfof]hsn] vfhf af“8\g klg :jod\;]js kl/rfng ug'{k/]sf] Ps ;xefuLn] atfP . …a:g] Joj:yf /fd|f] lyof], vfgfdf eg] eb|uf]n,Ú tL ;xefuLn] eg], …s'g d];df s] /fv]sf] 5 eGg] klg yfxf gx'g], 3G6f}+ nfOg a;]/ / vfgf lng 7fp“df k'Ubf ufO{÷uf]?sf] df;'sf] kl/sf/ x'GYof] . sxf“–s] af“8]sf] 5 eGg] cQf]kQf] x'“b}gYof] .Ú

‘;fO8 l;g d} d:t

xndf sfo{qmd rln/x]sf] x'GYof], t/ g]kfnL o'jf eg] …;fO8 l;gÚ x]g{ Jo:t x'Gy] . sfo{qmd xndf b'O{ ;o $& g]kfnL ;xefuLdWo] of]u]Gb| zfxL / pbo/fh kf08]afx]s c¿nfO{ e]§fpg} d'l:sn x'GYof] . ;xefuLx¿sf cg';f/ c¿ ;a} sfo{qmd:yneGbf emG8} b'O{ xhf/ lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f s]k6fpg, Ps xhf/ lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f hf]xfg];au{ / b/ejfª / nfOg kfs{lt/ e]l6Gy] . bf/ejfª ToxL 7fp“ xf], hxf“ ljZjsk km'6ansf] eJo pb\3f6g / ;dfkg ;df/f]x ePsf] lyof] .

hf]8Lsf] vf]hL

…;fO8 l;gÚ 3'Dg hfg]x¿n] cg]s dfWodaf6 …hf]8LÚsf] Joj:yf klg ldnfPsf lyP . g]kfnL :jod\;]jsdfkm{t clk|msg o'jtLnfO{ xf]:6nd} leœofP/ klg /ft latfpg] u/]sf lyP . To;f] t Toxf“sf] ;Defljt ;+j]bgzLntfnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/} cfof]hsx¿n] :6nd} ;'/lIft of}gsf ;fdu|Lx¿ lgMz'Ns ljt/0fsf] Joj:yf ldnfPsf lyP . To:tf ;fdu|L dlxnf, k'?if b'j}n] k|of]u ug{ ldNg] ePsfn] klg To;sf] pkof]u clws ePsf] atfOG5 . Tolt dfq xf]Og, PrcfO{eL k/LIf0fsf nflu cfof]hsn] 3'DtL a;sf] Joj:yf ldnfPsf] lyof] . t/, of] ;]jf clns uf]Ko k|sf/sf] ePsfn] clwsf+z g]kfnL To; ;]jfk|lt a]va/ lyP .

;xefuLsf cg';f/ Ps ;o /]g -clk|msL Toxf“sf] d'b|f_ cyf{t\ Ps xhf/ g]kffnL ?k}of“ lt/]kl5 Ps /ftsf nflu o'jtLx¿ kfOGy] . cfjthfjt / df]hd:tLdf klg cfkm}“n] vr{ ug'{k/]sfn] k|ltJolQm b'O{ nfvsf] cg'kftdf g]kfnL o'jfn] k};f vr{ u/]sf lyP .

lsgd]ndf /fjn cufl8

blIf0f clk|msfnfO{ g]kfnL ;xefuLx¿n] …;lkª ;]G6/Úsf ¿kdf klg e/dUb'/ pkof]u u/] . u[xdGqL eLd /fjnsf :jsLo ;lrj emk6 /fjnn] …;lkªÚdf ;a}nfO{ pl5g]sf] yfxf ePsf] 5 . /fjnn] sl/a rf/ nfv ?k}of“ a/fa/sf] ;fdfg vl/b u/]sf] ;|f]tn] atfof] . vf;u/L, ;'g / OlG8og ;'6 lk;sf ;fdfg vl/b ePsf lyP . kms{+bf b'aO{ 6«flGh6df klg ;lkªdf df]6f] /sd vr{ u/]sf lyP . /fjn kl5 o'jf;ª\3sf lx/f s];L / ;Gtf]if /fjnn] ;lkªdf a9L vr{ u/]sf lyP . oL b'j} pBf]u Joj;foL klg x'g\ .

rf/ 3G6f cfsfzdf

blIf0f clk|msfaf6 kmls+{bf Pp6f 6f]nLn] eg] df};d v/fasf sf/0f rf/ 3G6f;Dd ef/tLo cfsfzdf rSs/ nufO/xg'k¥of] . lbNnL 6«flGh6 x'“b} cfPsf] h]6 Po/j]h df};d v/fasf sf/0f lbNnLdf cjt/0f x'g g;s]kl5 kfls:tfgsf] cd[t;/df ;'/lIft cjt/0f ul/Psf] lyof] . o;df o'jf;+3sf dxf;lrj lg/h cfrfo{;lxtsf] 6f]nL lyof] .

s] ck]Iff ug]{ <

ljZjsf o'jf ultljlw, ljsf; / kl/jt{gsf ljifodf cg'ej ;f6f;f6 ug]{ / cGoqsf ;kmn k|of]u leœofpg] To:tf] ;df/f]xdf o'jfx¿af6} To:tf] rlr{tsnf k|bz{g ePkl5 cfdg]kfnLn] cu'jf elgPsf] of] ju{af6 s] ck]Iff ug]{ < blIf0f clk|msf cfkm}“df cg]s k|of]u / cg'ejsf] e"ld xf] . ul/aLaf6 ljsf;tkm{sf] k|ult, nfdf] ;do;Ddsf] u[xo'4af6 zflGttkm{sf] ofqflt/ nDs]sf] dfq xf]Og kl/jt{gsf cys\ of]4f g]N;g d08]nfsf] b]z klg xf], of] . ljZjn] uj{ ug]{ d08]nfsf] e"lddf g]kfnLsf] rlt{snfn] g]kfnL lz/nfO{ s;/L 7f8f] agfpnf <

---

‘/fhfn] tkfO{+sf] gfd xfn]5g\ xlu †

e/tdf]xg clwsf/L

@)$& j}zfv @* ut] d}n] …/]l8of] g]kfnÚ af6 /fhfn] ;ft ;b:oLo ;+ljwfg ;'wf/ ;'emfj cfof]u u7g u/]sf] va/ ;'g]“ . To;df ;jf{]Rr cbfntsf GofofwLz ljZjgfy pkfWofo cWoIf, /fdfgGbk|;fb l;+x, xf]/fk|;fb hf]zL, >LdtL sdn /f0ff, bdggfy 9'ª\ufgf / e/tdf]xg clwsf/L ;b:o tyf ;"o{gfy pkfWofo ;b:o–;lrj /x]sf] va/ k|;f/0f eof] . d]/f] gfd 3f]if0ff ubf{ dnfO{ ;f]Wb} g;f]Wg] < of] s:tf] rng < dnfO{ t Psbd} lrQ a'em]g, l/; p7Øf] . tTsfn} Pp6f jQmJo n]v]“, …d g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{ -dfS;{jfbL_ / jfddf]rf{sf] ;b:o x'“ . jfddf]rf{, d]/f] kf6L{ / dnfO{ g;f]wL d]/f] gfd lsg 3f]if0ff ul/of] < o;df d]/f] lj/f]w 5 .

ca t ax'bnLo pQ/bfoL Joj:yf cfof] . /fhfn] dlGqkl/ifb\sf] ;Nnfx cg';f/ sfd ug'{k5{, cfkm"v';L ug]{ xf]Og . o;sf/0f d of] cfof]udf a:g ;lSbg“ .Ú d}n] d]/f] jQmJo …/]l8of] g]kfnÚ df k7fP“ . To;tfsf ax'bnsf] lgs} k|lti7f lyof] . k|zf;gdf klg ax'bnsf] wfs hd]sfn] xf]nf, d}n] lbPsf] jQmJo h:tfsf] t:t} k|;f/0f eof] . To;n] xnrn g} dlRrof] . ef]lnkN6 bdggfy 9'ª\ufgfn] klg …d al:bg“Ú eg]/ jQmJo lbg'eof] . To;sf] b'O{–tLg lbgkl5 ljZjgfy pkfWofosf] klg jQmJo cfof] . of] cfof]u u7g g} geO{ lj36g eof] .

oxf“ Pp6f rrf{ u/f}“ . d's'Gb /]UdL d]/f] 3lgi6 ldq x'g'x'G5 . ;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]udf xfdL;“u} lyof}“ . pxf““n] g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg– @)$& sf ljifodf b'O{ v08sf] lstfj n]Vg'ePsf] 5 . pxf““ :ki6jfbL / OdfGbf/ JolQm x'g'x'G5 . t/, o; ljifodf pxf““n] OdfGbf/Lk"j{s s'/f /fVg'ePg . klxn] ljZjgfy pkfWofo clg bdggfy 9'ª\ufgf / To;kl5 dfq d}n] aQmJo lbPsf] eg]/ n]Vg'ePsf] 5 . pxf“sf] of] n]vgaf6 dnfO{ ax't} b'Mv nfUof] . xfdLsxf“ af}l4s OdfGbf/Ldf sdL 5 . o; k|;ª\udf Pp6f s'/f dnfO{ ofb cfp“5 . Pshgf gflns/ eGg] ef}ltszf:qsf ef/tLo ljåfg\ 5g\ . pgn] ef}ltszf:q cWoog ubf{ cfOG;6fOgn] k|ltkfbg u/]sf] l;4fGtsf] yk vf]hL u/] . To;afkt pgL / pgsf ufO8 la|l6; gful/snfO{ ;+o'Qm ¿kdf gf]an k'/:sf/ lbOof] . Tof] k'/:sf/ u|x0f ubf{ la|l6; gful/sn] …dnfO{ of] k'/:sf/ lbg'gkg]{ xf] . d}n] t gflns/nfO{ ;xof]u u/]sf] x'“ . of] zf]w ;a} gflns/sf] xf]Ú eg] . o;}nfO{ elgG5– jf}l4s OdfGbf/L . xfdLsxf“ slxn] cfpg] xf] of] af}l4s OdfGbf/L <

/fhfn] cfkm"v';L u7g u/]sf] cfof]udf xfdLn] a:g c:jLsf/ u/]kl5 pgn] h]7 ! ut] ;+ljwfg ;'wf/ ;'emfj cfof]u lj36g u/] / xfdLn] ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf dfu u/] cg'¿k dlGqd08nsf] ;Nnfx / ;xdltaf6 gof“ ;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]u agfpg]] s'/fdf k|wfgdGqLnfO{ l;kmfl/; ug{ eg] . ca dlGqkl/ifb\sf] l;kmfl/;df jfddf]rf{sf tLg, sfª\u|];sf tLg / :jtGq tLg u/L gf}hgfsf] cfof]u aGg] eof] . jfddf]rf{af6 tLghgf k7fpg] ljifodf 5nkmn ug{ xfd|f] a}7s ;xfgf efph"sf] 3/df a:of] . klxn]sf] cfof]udf a:g d}n] c:jLsf/ u/]sf] s'/f /]l8of]af6 ;a}n] ;'g]sf lyP . To; a}7sdf gLnfDa/ cfrfo{n] ;f]Wg'eof], …e/tdf]xghL, tkfO{+nfO{ ;f]Wb} g;f]wL /fhfn] tkfO{+sf] gfd xfn]5g\ xlu †Ú jfddf]rf{af6 tLghgf s–s;nfO{ k7fpg] eGg]df Ps /fo aGg ;s]g .

dfn]sf tkm{af6 Pp6f k|:tfj cfof]– …xfdL ;a}eGbf 7"nf] kf6L{ ePsf] x'gfn] dfn]af6 b'O{hgf x'g'k5{, Pshgf tkfO{+x¿dWo] x'g'xf];\ .Ú o;n] c¿ kf6L{nfO{ pQ]lht agfof] / yk ;d:of l;h{gf u¥of] . kl5 …;a} ;dfg xf}“ / oxf“af6 hf“bf kf6L{sf tkm{af6 xf]Og, jfddf]rf{sf tkm{af6 hfg] xf] . To;}n] jfddf]rf{af6} r'gf}“Ú eGg] s'/fdf ;xdlt eof] . t/, tLghgf s;nfO{{ r'Gg] eGg]df cem} Ps /fo eg] aGg ;s]g, w]/}sf] gfd cfof] . cGTodf t dtbfg g} x'g] l:ylt cfof] / uf]Ko dtbfg ul/of] . klxnf] r/0fdf lgd{n nfdf / d lgjf{lrt eof}“ . bf];|f] r/0fsf] lgjf{rgdf dfwj g]kfn lgjf{lrt x'g'eof] . o; k|sf/ ;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]udf jfddf]rf{sf tkm{af6 dfwj g]kfn, lgd{n nfdf / d /xg] eof}“ . of] klg /fd|f] eof] . Oª\NofG8df Pp6f egfO 5– …la|l6; ;+ljwfg ljj]s / ;+of]usf] kmn xf] .Ú (Birtish Constitution is the Product of Wisdom and Chance)  .

jf:tjdf b'O{–b'O{ k6s dtbfg u/fP/ klg jfddf]rf{af6 kg'{kg]{ dflg; k/]sf /x]5f}“ . g]kfn clw/fHosf] ;+ljwfg– @)$& agfp“bf jfddf]rf{sf tkm{af6 h'g k|efjsf/L e"ldsf v]Nof}“, d To;sf] rrf{ kl5 ug]{5' . of] l6d geO{ Tof] sfo{ ;Dej x'g] lyPg . ;+of]u egf}“, plrt dfG5]sf] rog ePsf] /x]5 . ;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]udf cWoIf ljZjgfy pkfWofo– ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf GofofwLz, ;'ljVoft ;+ljwfg, Gofo / sfg'gsf 1ftf, /fdfgGbk|;fb l;+x– k"j{GofoflwjQmf / Gofozf:qsf w'/Gw/ ljåfg\, k|B'Dgnfn /fhe08f/L– ;/sf/L ;]jfdf pRrkbdf a;L nfdf] ;]jf u/]sf cg'ejL, pxf“x¿ tLghgf :jtGq egL 5flgg'ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfnL sfª\u|];af6 k|ltlglwTj ug]{ nId0f cof{n, d's'Gb /]UdL / bdggfy 9'ª\ufgf tLg}hgf sfg'g Joj;fodf :yflkt JolQmx¿ x'g'x'GYof] . xfdL jfdtkm{af6 hfg]df d]/f] dfq sfg'gsf] k[i7e"ld;d]t lyof] . dfwjs'df/ g]kfn / lgd{n nfdf /fhgLlts k[i7e"ld lyof] . ljleGg k[i7e"ldaf6 cfPsf ;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]usf ;b:ox¿ cf–cfkm\gf] If]qdf :yflkt JolQmTj x'g'x'GYof] . ;a}sf] ;femf k|oTgn] ubf{ g} 5f]6f] ;dodf /fd|f] ;+ljwfg cfpg ;Sof] . cWoIf ljZjgfy pkfWofon] l6dsf] g]tfsf ¿kdf lgjf{x u/]sf] e"ldsf ;/fxgLo lyof] . gf}hgfsf] gfd dlGqkl/ifb\n] l;kmfl/; u/L /fhfsxf“ k7fPsf] lyof] . /fhfn] h]7 !^ ut] ltg} gf}hgfsf] ;+ljwfg ;'emfj cfof]u u7g u/]sf] 3f]if0ff u/] . ;"o{gfy pkfWofo cfof]usf] ;lrj x'g'eof] .