jif{ !@, c+s @#, @)^& ;fn kmfu'g & ut] zlgaf/

sf7df8f}+ . cgk]lIft 9+un]emngfy vgfn k|wfgdGqL ag]kZrft\ g]kfnsf] /fhgLltn] sf]N6]km]/]sf]5 . vgfnn] zkyu|x0f u/] kZrft\sf /x:of]b\3f6g / 36gfqmdsf cf/f]x cj/f]xx¿n]t g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts cfsfzdf cToGt}7"nf]t/+u k}bf ul/lbPsf]5 . hlt cfsl:ds /cfZro{hgs 9+un]emngfy vgfnsf];Qf/f]x0f eof]Tof]eGbf klg tLj| ultdf alxu{dgsf] k|lqmof ;'? ePsf]5 . ko{j]Ifsx¿ eGg yfn]sf 5g\, …of] ;/sf/sf] ;'?jft x'g'cl3 g}clGtd ofqfsf] tof/L ;'? eO;s]sf] 5 . emngfy vgfnnfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfpg] sf/stTj eg]sf] vgfn / bfxfnaLrsf] ;ft a'Fb];xdlt g} xf] eg] ;/sf/sf] k"0f{¿kdf u7g;Dd gx'Fb} lj36gsf] c8\snsf k5fl8sf] sf/s tTj klg ToxL ;ft a'Fb];xdlt g}aGg k'u]sf]5 . vgfnsf];Qf ofqf slt nlDaPnf t eGg]k|Zg cfkm\g} 7fpFdf 5 . To;eGbf klg dxTjk"0f{ k|Zg rflxF olb Tof]ofqf nlDaof] eg] s]x 'G5 /olb Tof] ofqf x7ft /f]lsof] eg] To;n] s] kl/0ffd k}bf u5{ eGg]rflxF xf]. b'j} ;DefJo cj:yfx¿sf] kl/0ffd rflxF /fi6«sf nflu Tolt ;'vb\ gx'g] ;xh} cg'dfg ug{ ;lsG5 .

emngfy ;/sf/nlDag]:ki6 cfwf/x¿ 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLsf] cs06s ;dy{g /Xof] eg] of] ;/sf/sf] cfo' nlDag]lglZrt 5 . ca k|Zg p7\5 dfcf]jfbLsf]cs06s ;dy{g emngfyn]s;/L k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5g\ . ;ft a'Fb];xdltsf a'Fbfx¿n]g}dfcf]jfbLsf];dy{gsf]cfwf/nfO{ :ki6 kfb{5 . cfkm\gf]k|ToIf s'g}xfntdf ;Dej gx'g]b]v]kZrft\ k'iksdn bfxfnn]cfkm\gf Ph]G8fx¿ nfu" u/fpg]pko'Qm kfqsf ¿kdf emngfy vgfnnfO{ b]v]/ToxL cg'¿ksf]jfrf sa'n u/fP/;dy{g ul/Psf]xf]. csf]{ zAbdf eGg]xf]eg]emngfy vgfn k'iksdn bfxfnsf]a'VofFrfsf ¿kdf :yflkt ul/Psf]xf]. cem}:ki6 ¿kdf eGg]xf]eg]dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfnsf]hgjfbL u0ftGq g]kfn :yfkgf ug]{ p2]Zo ;fWg];jf]{Qd ;fwg cyf{t\ a'VofFrf x'g\ emngfy vgfn .
hlt;'s}jfrf saf]n u/]klg jf uf]Ko ;Demf}tf u/]klg To;nfO{ nfu" u/fpg emngfy vgfnsf nflu ;xh 5}g . k|wfgdGqL alg;s]kl5sf ;ft lbgsf]xf]–xNnf /v}nfa}nfn]oxL l;4 x'G5 . dfcf]jfbLsf]Ph]G8fnfO{ nfu" ug]{ k|fdfl0fs cfwf/b]vfpg g;s]sf]cj:yfdf dfcf]jfbLsf];dy{g gx'g]klg :ki6}5 . ;Dk"0f{ ljZn]if0f /cg'dfgnfO{ em'SofpFb}sy+sbflrt dfcf]jfbL Ph]G8fdf ;du| Pdfn]nfO{ lxF8fpg ;s]eg] rflxF emngfysf];/sf/cufl8 a9\5 . c;Dej k|foM b]lvg]Tof];Defjgfn]d"t{¿k lnof]eg]rflxF ;fDojfbL zf;g Joj:yf sfod ug{]p2]Zo af]s]sfx¿sf]k|r08 ax'dt;lxtsf]u7aGwg tof/x'g]5 /Tof]u7aGwg ;j{:jLs[t nf]stflGqs d"No /dfGotfnfO{ k"/}nTofP/ sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf];jf]{Rrtf;lxtsf]slyt ;j{xf/fju{sf]clwgfosjfb nfb\g k|oTgzLn x'g]5g\ . To:tf]cj:yfdf g]kfnL sf+u|]; /nf]stGqdf ljZjf; ug]{ zlQmx¿sf]csf]{ dxfu7hf]8 clgjfo{ x'g]5 . pu|jfdkGyL u7aGwg Ps 5]pdf /nf]stflGqs u7aGwg csf]{ 5]pdf pleP/åGådf plqg]cj:yf eg]sf]csNkgLo, nfdf], si6s//b'bf{Gt cj:yf x'g]5 eGg]df b'O{dt x'g};Sb}g .

ca csf]{ kl/l:ylt eg]sf]emngfy vgfnn];ft a'Fb];xdltnfO{ nTofPsf sf/0f dfcf]jfbLsf];dy{g lkmtf{ x'g]cj:yf . dfcf]jfbLn];dy{g lkmtf{ lnO;s]sf]cj:yfdf sf+u|]; jf cGo nf]stflGqs zlQm cyjf Pdfn]s}nf]stflGqs elgPsf]wf/n];d]t emngfynfO{ ;dy{g u/]/k|wfgdGqLsf ¿kdf lg/Gt/tf lbO/xg];Defjgf cToGt}Go"g 5 . o:tf]cj:yfdf nf]stflGqs zlQmsf]g]t[Tjdf csf]{ ;/sf/aGg]5 . o:tf]cj:yf eg]sf]dfcf]jfbL jf Pdfn]sf cg'bf/jfbL wf/PlSng' xf]. ;DejtM s]xL dlxgfleq}emngfy k|wfgdGqL /x]klg g/x]klg Pdfn]df ljefhg cfpF5 . Tof]a]Un}ljifo xf]. h]xf];\, gofF g]t[Tjsf]gofF ;/sf/cfpg' eg]sf]o; /fi6«sf pu|jfdkGyLx¿ PlSng' xf]. ltgLx¿ PlSng]dfq xf]Og, ca xfd|f]clei6 s'g}t/xn]klg k"/f x'Fb}g eGg]lgisif{df k'Ug' xf].

Tof]cj:yf eg]sf]lglZrt ¿kdf tL pu|jfdkGyLx¿ 3fOt]af3;/x cfqmfds ¿kdf k|:t't x'g' xf]. o; cj:yfdf klg d'n's eofjx åGådf km:g]kSsfkSsL 5 .

of]cToGt}lg/fzf nfUbf];Defljt cj:yfsf aLr ;+ljwfg n]vg k"/}cf]em]ndf kg]{ dfq xf]Og To;sf];Defjgf;d]t z"Go k|foM x'g]5 . ;+ljwfg;ef jf cem egf}+ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] k|f;+lustf;d]t k"/}vtd x'g]lglZrt 5 . To:tf]cj:yfsf]csNkgLo ;+qmd0fsfndf hf] s;}n]d'n'ssf]afu8f]/h'gs'g}afWotfn];Dxfn]klg Tof]JolQm jf ;+:yfnfO{ …cnf]stflGqsÚ ku/L le8fOg]5 . Tof];+qmd0fsfn slt nlDag]xf]jf To;sf]kl/0ffd s:tf]xf]eGg]ljifodf ;a}n]OlR5t kl/0ffdsf]cfzf ub}{ ljZn]if0f ug{ ;Snf t/7f]s'jf u/]/lgSof}{n lgsfNg]cj:yf eg]5}g .

k|r08 – emngfy ;xdlt clwgfosjfbL

sf7df8f}+ . PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn /Pdfn]sf cWoIf emngfy vgfnaLrsf];ft a'“b]uf]Ko ;xdltkq cfh rrf{df 5 . pgLx¿ aflx/rn]sf]rrf{ kl/rrf{nfO{ jf:tf ug]{ dgl:yltdf lyPgg\ . t/;do qmd;“u}bfxfn /vgfnaLrsf]a}7saf6 ;xdlt gtf]8\g]lg0f{o eof]. To;kl5 k|wfgdGqL cfkm\gf]kf6L{sf]a}7sdf k'u]/;fFt a'“b];xdltk|lt cfTdfnf]rgf u/]. ;fy}uf]Ko ;Demf}tf ubf{ q'6L ePsf]klg :jLsf/u/]. k|wfgdGqL lgjf{lrt ePsf];ftf}+ lbgdf vgfnn]dlGqd08n u7g u/]. To;df klg dtbfgdf ;xof]u ug]{ dfcf]jfbL a]u/sf]. cem}klg gjlgo'Qm dGqLx¿nfO{ dGqfno lbg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . k|wfgdGqLsf kl5Nnf lqmofsnfkn]s:tf]JolQmsf]g]t[Tjdf d'n's /hgtf k/]sf 5g\ < x/]s hfu?s g]kfnLdf of]lrGtfsf]ljifo x'g uPsf]5 . b'O{ cWoIfaLr ePsf]elgPsf];ft a'“b];xdlt g t zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ 6'+uf]df k'¥ofpg]lbzftkm{ nlIft 5, g t nf]stflGqs ;+ljwfg agfpg]lt/g}.

o;n]t åGå lgDTofpg], cl:y/tf a9fpg]/l;+uf]d'n'snfO{ g}cl:y/t'Nofpg]:ki6 ¿kn]b]lvG5 . t];|f]a'“bfdf dfcf]jfbL n8fs" ;dfof]hgsf]gfddf dfcf]jfbL n8fs"sf]5'§}kmf];{ lgdf{0f ug]{ s'/f pNn]v ul/Psf]5 . of]k|r08 /vgfnsf]/fli6«o ;]gfnfO{ l5GgleGg kfg]{ k|k~rafx]s s]xL xf]Og . of]a'“bfn]/fli6«o ;]gfsf];dfgfGt/csf]{ ;]gfsf]kl/sNkgf ug{ vf]h]sf]:ki6 x'G5 . of];xdlt ;/sf/df a;]/j}wflgs ¿kn]g};'/Iff lgsfodfly sAhf hdfpg]k|oTg dfq xf].

o;}u/L a'“bf g+= $ df :ki6 ¿kdf b'O{ kf6L{ ldn]/cfnf]kfnf];/sf/rnfpg];xdlt ePsf]5 . o;af6 b'j}cWoIfsf]clwgfosjfbL rl/qnfO{ pbf+uf]kf/]sf]5 . pgLx¿sf]rfn c¿ bnnfO{ nf]e b]vfp“b};/sf/df ;fd]n u/fpg], xf]Og eg]pgLx¿sf]cl:tTjnfO{ c:jLsf/ug]{, ;dfhnfO{ ju{df ljeflht ug]{ /lgif]w ug]{ cflb :6flngsf]z}nLsf]zf;g Joj:yf nfb\g]/x]sf]5 .

;ft a'“b];xdltn]cfnf]kfnf];/sf/df hfg]eGg];xdltdf ePsf]^ gDa/a'“bfn]5n+{u}kf/]sf]5 . ;+:sf/clwgfosjfbL eO;s]kl5 cf]7sf s'/f /lgotsf s'/f hlxn]klg b'O{j6f x'g]ub{5g\ . jt{dfg k|wfgdGqLn]hgtf t k/}hfpg\ cfkm\g}kf6L{sf] :yfoL ;ldlt;d]tnfO{ o;sf]hfgsf/L lbPgg\ . To;}u/L csf{ cWoIf bfxfnn]cfkm" k|wfgdGqLsf]pDd]bjf/x'g cfkm\gf kIfdf kf]ln6Ao'/f]af6 k|:tfj kf; u/fP t/clGtd ;dodf lkmtf{ lnP . h;sf sf/0f gf]6 ckm l8;]G6 n]v]/klg ;+;bLo bnsf pgs};fyLx¿n]dtbfg ug{ afWo x'g'k¥of].

dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf bfxfnsf]egfOdf ;ft a'“b];xdltsf]dd{ /efjgf sfof{Gjog u/]/hfg]w]/}7"nf]/dxTjk"0f{ ;xdlt ePsf]xf]. o;/L o;nfO{ w]/}7"nf]/dxTjk"0f{ eGg'sf]k5fl8 Wofg lbg'kg]{ s'/f hf]pxf“x¿sf]cyf{t\ dfS;{jfbL n]lggjfbL ljrf/;“u c;xdt 5g\ pgLx¿n]c:jLsf/ug]{ s]xL uDeL/s'/f o;leq 5g\ . o;leqsf]lglxt cy{ o;n]j}olQms :jtGqtfnfO{ :jLsf/ub}{g . o;n]k|];sf]:jtGqnfO{ :jLsf/ub}{g . o;n]:jtGq GofokflnsfnfO{ :jLsf/ub}{g . o;n];xL cy{sf];fdflhs GofonfO{ klg :jLsf/ub}{g . klxnf]a'“bf g}nf]stflGqs ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf nflu cfklQhgs a'“bf 5 . klxnf]a'“bfn];+ljwfg g}aGg glbg]lgotsf]df}g pb\3f]if ub{5 . bf];|f]a'“bfdf ;w}+ /l6Psf]Pp6}zAb u0ftGqnfO{ ;+:yfut ug]{, ;fdGtjfbsf ;a}¿ksf]cGTo ug]{, /fli6|otfnfO{ ;'b[9 ug]{h:tf s'/f /fv]/;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ug]{eGg]s'/fn];+ljwfg lgdf{0fnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{g . t];|f]a'“bfdf dfcf]jfbLsf]n8fs"sf]5'§}kmf];{ lgdf{0fsf]s'/f 5 . o;n]t emg\ eofgs åGåsf]csf]{ ¿knfO{ cfdlGqt ug]{ lgot b]vfp“5 . rf}yf]a'“bfdf /Iff /u[xdGqfnosf]plrt /;Ddfghgs af“8kmf“8 ul/g]5 eGg]jfSo ;xdltleq kg'{ of]d'n'ssf];Dk"0f{ ;'/Iff ;+oGqnfO{ b'O{ kf6L{n]c+za08fleq /fVg'h:tf]xf]. of]vt/gfs lgot xf].

;/sf/Pp6f, ;/sf/rnfpg];+oGq csf]{ rf}yf]a'“bfdf ToxL elgPsf]5 . ;+oGqsf]g]t[Tj kfn}kfnf]b'O{ kf6L{sf g]tfn]ug]{ elgPsf]5 . nf]stGqdf c¿ bnsf]st}s'g}:yfg}5}g . oL ;a}s'/fx¿nfO{ x]bf{ d'n'ssf w]/}dxTjk"0f{ s'/fx¿nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug'{sf];f6f]zf;g ;Qfdf dfq}b'O{ bnsf b'O{ g]tfx¿sf];f]r s]lGb|t /x]sf]:jfefljs ¿kdf b]lvG5 . oL tdfd ljifoj:t'nfO{ x]bf{ d'n's eofgs if8oGqdf kg{ uPsf]cfefif x'G5 .

ca !!# lbg afFsL

of];ftf d'n'sn]gof“ k|wfgdGqLsf]¿kdf emngfy vgfnnfO{ kfPsf]5 . t/, dlGqd08n u7g x'g ;s]sf]5}g . vgfnnfO{ lhtfpg]dfcf]jfbLn] clxn]efua08fdf s'/f]gldn]sf]eGb};/sf/df ghfg]atfO;s]sf]5 . ljjfb cem}klg oyfjt\ g}5 . of];ftfsf 36gfqmd oL g}x'g\ . k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 vgfnn]klxnf]k6s ;+;b\df ;Daf]wg ug]{ qmddf zflGt /;+ljwfg ;/sf/sf]klxnf]k|fyldstf eg]sf 5g\ . of];sf/fTds kIf xf]. ;ft–;ft dlxgf;Ddsf]ult/f]wkl5 d'n'sn]gof“ k|wfgdGqL kfpg' klg ;'vb\ kIf xf]. t/, ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsf ;DaGwdf vf;}pknlAw x'g g;Sg' rflx“ b'Mvb\ kIf xf]. h]7 !$ ut]leq ;+ljwfg aG5 eGg]bfaL ub}{df ;+ljwfg aGg]xf]Og . ca !!# lbg dfq af“sL 5 .

emngfy cfpFbf b]pjf v'zL

sf7df8f}+ . emngfy vgfn k|wfgdGqL x'Fbf ;a}eGbf v'zL t pgL g}eP, o;df s'g}z+sf 5}g . vgfnsf jl/kl/3'Dg]sf]klg v'zLsf];Ldf /x]g eGg ;lsG5 . t/, emngfy k|wfgdGqL x'Fbf ;a}eGbf v'zL x'g]kfq x'g\– g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf z]/axfb'/b]pjf . kf6L{n]/fdrGb| kf}8]nnfO{ pDd]bjf/L agfpg]lg0f{o ubf{ b]pjf sf]7]e]nfd}Jo:t lyP . b]pjf /pgsf e'm08 kf}8]nnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf]pDd]bjf/agfpg' x'Fb}g eg]/g}nfu]sf lyP . t/, kf6L{ g]t[Tjsf]cufl8 s]xL gnfu]kl5 b]pjf /pgsf]e'm08sf]s]xL nfu]g .

Tof]cfqmf]z b]pjfn]kf]Vb}uP . /, emngfy k|wfgdGqL ePkl5 t pgsf]v'zLsf];Ldf g}/x]g . pgn]Pdfn]–dfcf]jfbL u7aGwg clxn]sf]cfjZostf /x]sf];fj{hlgs ¿kd}atfP . Tolt dfq xf]Og, pgn]emngfy–k|r08aLr ;Demf}tf 7Ls xf]klg eg]. /, dnfO{ k|wfgdGqLsf]pDd]bjf/agfPsf]eP d}n]lhTy];d]t eg].

b]pjfsf];a}cleJolQmn]/fdrGb|nfO{ k|wfgdGqL agfpg]df pgL lyPgg\ . uf]Ko ;Demf}tfsf ;DaGwdf l;+uf]kf6L{n]lj/f]w ul//x]sf]5 t/kf6L{sf jl/i7 ;b:o b]pjf eg]kf6L{sf]gLltljk/Lt lxF8]sf 5g\ . To:tf ;b:onfO{ kf6L{n]sf/afxL ug'{k5{ ls kb}{g .

lxhf]kf6L{sf]gLltljk/Lt pgn]k|hftGq a'emfP, kf6L{ km'6fP . cfkm\gf]:jfy{sf nflu h]ug{ klg kl5 gx6\g]b]pjfsf]k|j[lQ ;a}nfO{ 1fg g}5 . ToxL k|j[lQn]/fdrGb| kf}8]nnfO{ k|wfgdGqL x'g glbg cg]s if8\oGq u/]s}x'g'k5{ . b]pjf /b]pjf k|j[lQsf]dgk/LnfO{ kf6L{n]r'krfk ;xg' /fd|f]s'/f xf]Og . To;sf/0f pgLdfly sf/afxLsf]k|lqmof cufl8 a9fpg'k5{ .

klxnf]uf“;d}lem“uf

sf7df8f}+ . jt{dfg k|wfgdGqL emngfy vgfnn]k|wfgdGqLdf lgjf{lrt ePsf]& lbgkl5 tLg ;b:oLo dlGqd08n u7g u/]sf 5g\ . cfkm\g}bnnfO{ hfgsf/L;d]t glbO{ dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k|r08;Fusf]uf]Ko ;xdltsf sf/0f olt nfdf];do laTbf;d]t pgn]dlGqd08n u7g ug{ g;s]sf x'g\ . aNntNn u7g ePsf]dlGqd08nsf ;b:ox¿nfO{ klg dGqfnosf]lhDd]jf/L k|wfgdGqLn]lbg ;s]sf 5}gg\ . /, gjul7t dlGqkl/ifb\sf JolQmx¿sf af/]df klg kf6L{leq}cfnf]rgf x'g yfln;s]sf]5 .

o;/L k|wfgdGqL vgfnnfO{ klxnf]ufF;d}9'+uf kg{ uPsf]5 . uf]Ko ;ft a'Fb];xdltsf];j{q lj/f]w eO/x]sf]5 . olt x'Fbfx'Fb}klg k|wfgdGqLsf]bnn];xdltkqnfO{ s]xL xb;Dd :jLsf/u¥of]. t/bnsf g]tfx¿ ckljq ¿kdf ul/Psf];xdltcg';f/u[x, cy{h:tf dGqfno dfcf]jfbLnfO{ glbg]lgrf]8df k'u]sf 5g\ . oxL sf/0f klg dfcf]jfbL /emngfyaLrsf]b"/L cem a9\g k'Uof]. cGttM u[xdGqfno gkfpg]xf]eg];Qf ;fem]bf/Ldf cfkm" ;xefuL gx'g]c8fg dfcf]jfbLn]/fv]kl5 vgfn ;/sf/;+s6df kg{ uPsf]xf].

csf]{lt/dfcf]jfbLn];/sf/df ;xefuL geP klg cfkm\gf];dy{g oyfjt\ /xg]hgfPsf]5 . t/of]u7aGwg w]/}lbg l6Sg];Defjgf 5}g . dfcf]jfbL kf6L{leq g]tf g]tfaLrs}sf/0f klg emngfynfO{ dfcf]jfbLn]w]/}lbg;Dd ;dy{g ug]{ ;Defjgf 5}g . cGttM dfcf]jfbLn];/sf/df ghfg]lg0f{o u¥of]. ca Pdfn]nfO{ lbPsf];dy{g lkmtf{ ug{ dfq afFsL 5 .

sfd u/vgfn M ;a}n];fy lbG5g\

zLtn sf]O/fnf

ljut & dlxgfb]lv ;/sf/ljxLg cj:yfdf /x]sf]b]zn]h]h:tf]eP klg cGttM Pp6f k|wfgdGqL kfPsf]5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf];a}eGbf 7"nf]bn Pg]skf dfcf]jfbLsf];dy{gdf Pdfn]sf cWoIf emngfy vgfn k|wfgdGqL aGg'ePsf]5 . c;fwf/0f k|s[ltsf];+s6df km;]sf]of]b]znfO{ b'3{6gfu|:y x'gaf6 hf]ufpg ;xdltsf]/fhgLltsf]ljsNk}5}g . t/k|wfgdGqL aGg' cufl8b]lv g}pgn]o:tf]/fhgLltsf]hf]8bf/jsfnt ug]{ u/]sf]eP klg clxn]kl/l:ylt To; lbzftkm{ cufl8 a9\g];+s]t kfOPsf]5}g . /fi6«sf ;fd' pkl:yt r'gf}ltsf];fdgf /;d:of ;dfwfg ;f]r]hlt ;lhnf]5}g . o;};Fu pxfFsf]g]t[Tj Ifdtfsf]s7f]/k/LIff x'g]5 .
dfwjs'df/g]kfnn]g]t[Tj u/]sf];/sf/n]/fhLgfdf ug'{k/]sf]k|d'v sf/0f zflGt /;+ljwfg lgdf{0f h'g g]kfn /fi6«sf]k|d'v k|fyldstfdf /x]sf]sfo{;"rL xf]To;sf]k|flKtsf nflu k|lqmof cufl8;d]t a9fpg g;Sg' g}xf]. pgn]zflGt k|lqmof tfls{s lgisif{df k'u]g eg], ;+ljwfg ag]g eg]To;kl5 s]x'G5 < ;j{q JofKt cGof]nnfO{ cem a9fP . hgtfnfO{ lr9\ofP . lg/fz agfP . ;+;bLo k4lt /dof{bfsf]pkxf; u/fP . k|wfgdGqL k4ltsf]wHhL nufP . wf]sf]sf /fhgLlt u/], gftfjfb, s[kfjfb, e|i6frf/, ef]h, e|d0f /;/sf/L 9's'6L l/Tofpg]lbzfd}cfkm"nfO{ s]lGb|t u/]. k~rfotL Joj:yf /fhfsf]cfb]z kv{g]/cfb]z gcfpFbf;Dd s]xL sfd gug]{ em}+ lg/Lx b]lvP . cyf{t\ pgdf zf;g ug]{ Ifdtf g}b]lvPg .

o'ufGtsf/L kl/jt{gsf];+3f/df plePsf]b]zdf nf5L, lg/Lx /sdhf]/k|wfgdGqL dfwj g]kfnn]/fhLgfdf gu/L w/}ePg . t;y{ /fhgLgfdfsf]o; k|s/0fn]g]kfn :jo+ /pxfFsf ljkIfLnfO{ tTsfnsf]…km]; ;]leªÚ dfq lbPsf]eGbf cGoyf gxf]nf . o; oyfy{nfO{ k|wfgdGqL aGg'ePsf vgfnn]/fd|/L dgg\ gug]{ xf]eg];d:of ;dfwfgsf]gofF b[li6sf]0f /kxnn]lg0ff{os df]8 lng gkfpFb}b'3{6gfu|:t x'g hfg];Defjgf k|jn 5 . kl/l:yltn]cfh vgfnnfO{ Pp6f df}sf h/fOlbPsf]5 . sfd b]vfP/cfkm\gf]Ifdtf k|dfl0ft ug]{ cj;//r'gf}lt b'j}pxfFnfO{ k|fKt ePsf]5 .
k|wfgdGqL lgjf{lrt eO;s]kl5 ;fj{hlgs ePsf]dfcf]jfbL;Fusf]uf]Ko ;Demf}tfn]g]kfnL /fhgLltnfO{ yk cljZjfl;nf]/z+sf:kb agfOlbof]. xKtf lbgeGbf a9L ;do laTbf klg dlGqkl/ifb\ u7gsf]lg0f{o lng vgfnn];Sg'ePg . oL b'O{ ljifosf sf/0fn kl/l:ylt Tolt pT;flxt aGg ;s]g .

d'n'ssf lglDt ldg]6÷;]s]G8 klg lg0ff{os x']g a]nfdf xKtf}+ lbg dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g x'g g;Sg'n]l:yltsf]gfh'stf /cj;/sf]d"No dxTjnfO{ /fd|/L cfTd;ft ug{ g;s]sf]b]lvof]. t/klg k|wfgdGqL vgfnnfO{ pknAw cj;//pxfFaf6 ul/Psf]ck]Iffsf cufl8 oL s'/f clxn]nfO{ uf}0f x'g\ .

@)^* h]7 !$ ut];+ljwfg lgdf{0f u/L hf/L ug{ /Tof]eGbf cufj}zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofpg' k|wfgdGqL vgfnsf k|d'v r'gf}lt x'g\ . d'n'snfO{ ;lqmo /;fy{s /fhgLlts g]t[Tj k|bfg ug]{ Ifdtf pxfFn]k|bzL{t ug{ g;Sbf;Dd dfly pNn]v ul/Psf]r'gf}ltsf];fdgf ug{ ;Dej 5}g . lzlyn ePsf]/fHotGqnfO{ k'ghf{u[t u/fpg' vgfn ;/sf/sf]csf]{ r'gf}lt xf]. cfh b]zsf];fdflhs //fhgLlts ;Gt'ng xb};Dd vNalnPsf]l:ylt 5 . tyflk x/]s sfnf]afbndf rfFbLsf]3]/f x'G5 eg]em}+ d'n'ssf ;fd' ;+s6;Fu}cj;/x¿ klg k}bf ePsf 5g\ .

@)^@÷)^# sf]hgcfGbf]ngkl5 g]kfndf dxTjk"0f{ ljsf; klg /fhgLlts If]qdf ePsf]5 . To:t};fdflhs If]qdf csNkgLo ¿kfGt/0fsf]j]u 5 . o:tf]cj:yfdf /fi6«n]cgGtM ;Defjgf lnP/cfpF5, cfPsf]5 . kl/l:ylt kl/jt{gsf/L eP/cufl8 cfPsf]a]nf vgfnn]ca b]znfO{ g]t[Tj lbg]cfF6 ug'{k5{ . o:tf]a]nf cj;/sf]plrt pkof]u ug{ ;Sg]lgle{s, ;fx;L /st{Jo lgi7 g]t[Tjn]dfq}b]znfO{ ;xL af6f]df 8f]xf]¥ofpg /plrt lgsf; lbg;S5 .

k|wfgdGqLsf ¿kdf vgfnsf]l:ylt pxfFsf]k"j{sf/Lsf]t'ngfdf w]/}dha'b 5 . pxfFsf]g]t[TjnfO{ tTsfn r'gf}lt lbg]l:yltdf g Pdfn]leqs}u'6 5 g t k|ltkIfdf a;]sf]g]kfnL sf+u|]; g}. lxhf]sf lbgdf ;bg /;8s 3]g]{ ;aeGbf 7"nf]kf6L{ Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL clxn]gfnsf]g]t[TjnfO{ c¿ bl/nf]kfg'{kg]{ afWofTds kl/l:yltdf k'u]sf 5g\ . d';f ;f+;bnfO{ tx nufpg la/fnf kfNg'kg]{ l:ylt klg 5}g vgfnnfO{ . k|wfgdGqL vgfnn]pxfFsf]g]t[Tj /;/sf/nfO{ ;dy{g /;xof]u ug{ ldNg]ef}lts /g}lts cfwf/cyf{t\ lgx'F dfq pknAw u/fOlbP klg l;+uf]Pdfn]/k|ltkIfL bnn];d]t pxfFnfO{ v'zL;fy ;fy lbg]5g\ . b]zdf zflGt ;'/Iffsf]l:ylt axfn u/L hgtfnfO{ /fHosf]cg'e"lt lbnfpg ;s]l;+uf]d'n's vgfnsf]k5fl8 pleg]5 . /fhgLltdf nfu]sf]hgtfsf]5f]/fsf lglDt of]eGbf c¿ 7"nf]cj;/s]x'g ;S5 /<

;'gf}nf]cj;/;Fu}k|d vgfnsf ;fd' s7f]//hl6n r'gf}lt klg 5g\, t/tL cn+uWo /b'?x 5}gg\ . b]z /hgtfk|lt OdfGbf/ePsf pknlAw /fhgLlts, g}lts, cfly{s /s'6gLlts cj;/sf]pkef]u ug{;s];+s6kf/ug{ ;Sg]Ifdtf pxfFnfO{ ;lhn}k|fKt x'g]5 . cj;/sf]pkef]u ug'{ eg]sf];Dej sfdx¿ OdfGbf/eP/ug'{ g}xf]. cfh ;/sf/sf ;fd' s'g sfo{ ug]{ s'g gug]{ eGg]låljwfdf cndlng]cj:yf /;do afFsL 5}g . kl/l:yltn]g}sfdsf];"rL /ltgsf]k|fyldstf lgwf{/0f ul/lb;s]sf]5 . zfGt k|lqmofnfO{ tfls{s lgisif{df k'¥ofO{ ;+3Lo nf]stflGqs u0ftGq g]kfnsf nflu nf]stflGqs ;+ljwfgsf]lgdf{0f ;/sf/sf]k|yd st{Jo xf]. o; sfo{sf nflu cfd /fhgLlts ;xdlt lgdf{0f ug'{ h?/L 5 . To:t}zflGt ;'/Iffsf]k'gj{xfnL u/L hgtfnfO{ /fHosf]cg'e"lt lbnfpg' ;/sf/sf nflu csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ sfo{ xf]. b]zsf]cy{tGq;fd' uDeL/r'gf}ltx¿ 5g\ . hgtfdf cem g}/fZotf 5 . o:tf]a]nf b]z /hgtfk|lt OdfGbf/eP/sfd ul/bP dfq klg ;+s6af6 b]znfO{ kf/nufpg ;lsG5 . sfd ug'{xf];\ ;a};fydf 5g\ .

1fg]Gb|–kf/;sf]st'{t 5tf5'Nn

sf7df8f}+ . k"j{/fhf 1fg]Gb| zfxsf]sfnf]st'{tx¿ Pskl5 csf]{ u/L ;fj{hlgs x'g yfn]sf]5 . d bfOh:tf]xftdf bxL hdfP/al:bgF eGg]afªd'u|]gLlt lnPsf 1fg]Gb|n]cfkm" zlQmdf x'Fbf n'6 cft+s g}dRrfPsf lyP . To;dfly p208 rl/qsf kf/;sf]tf08j g[Ton];Ldf g}gf3]sf]lyof]. /fi6« /hgtfs}clezfk l;4 ePsf]zfxj+z /fhtGq cGttM 9Nof]. /fhtGq lg/+s'z ePsf]cj:yfdf 1fg]Gb| zfx /pgsf k'q kf/;n]:ju{jf;L /fhf jL/]Gb| zfxsf]gfddf ePsf];DklQ cfkm\gf]gfddf ;f/]/cfkm\gf]xs{t b]vfPsf lyP . t/nf]stflGqs u0ftflGqs g]kfn ;/sf/n]g]kfn 6«i6 :yfkgf u/]/jL/]Gb|sf];DklQ 6«i6df NofP/pbfx/0fLo sfo{ u/]sf]5 . t/g]kfn ;/sf/n]Pp6f /x:o eg]cem}yfxf gkfPsf];dfrf/;|f]tsf]egfO 5 .

;dfrf/;|f]tn]pNn]v u/]cg';f/1fg]Gb| zfxn]cfkm" /fhf x'Fbf o'/f]lkog d'n's cli6«ofnfO{ b'O{j6f efn]/kf]yL u}+8fsf]aRrf pkxf/:j¿k lbPsf lyP . pkxf/:j¿k lbPsf]/To;afkt\ cli6«ofn]b'O{j6f cTofw'lgs ;'ljwfhgs sf/lbPsf]atfOPsf]lyof]. t/leqL s'/f eg]cs}{ /x]sf];|f]tn];Tofu|xnfO{ atfPsf]5 . alb{of /fli6«o lgs'~hsf Ps sd{rf/Ln]lbPsf]hfgsf/Lcg';f/1fg]Gb| zfx, kf/; zfx /tTsfnLg zfxL dGqL /d]zgfy kf08]sf]ljz]ifUo|fG8 l8hfOgcg';f/b'O{j6f u}+8fsf]aRrf cli6«ofnfO{ pkxf/:j¿k glbO{ of]hgfj4 ¿kdf cli6«ofnfO{ laqmL ul/Psf]lyof]. pkxf/:j¿k lbOPsf]u}+8fsf]aRrf k'¥ofpg]eg]/:jo+ kf/; zfx g}uPsf lyP . alb{of /fli6«o lgs'~h ;"qsf cg';f/pQm b'O{j6f u}+8fsf]aRrfnfO{ * s/f]8 8n/df a]lrPsf]lyof]. u'Kt ¿kdf a]lrPsf]u}+8fsf]aRrf laqmL u/L cfPsf]/sd eg]kf/;n]o'/f]lkog d'n'ssf]a}+sdf uf]Ko ¿kdf /fv]sf]a'lemPsf]5 . t/o;af/]u0ftflGqs g]kfn ;/sf/a]va/ePsf]atfOG5 .

* s/f]8 8n/dWo];fgf]c+z /x:o gvf]Ng]zt{df zfxL dGqL /d]z kf08]nfO{ klg pknAw u/fOPsf];"qsf]bfaL 5 . ptf cli6«of ;/sf/n]eg]/fhwfgL leogfl:yt lrl8ofvfgfdf u}+8fsf]aRrf /fv]/Ps jif{df g}* s/f]8 8n/p7fO;s]sf]5 . cli6«ofsf]h:t}/0fgLlt ckgfP/cGo wgL o'/f]lkog d'n'sx¿n]klg leqL¿kdf u}+8f lsGg]/aflx/pkxf/sf];+1f lbP/u}+8fsf]aRrf lng]k|:tfj lgjt{dfg jgdGqL bLks af]xf]/f;Fu /fv]sf lyP . af]xf]/f klg /ftf/ft caf{}+ sdfpg];kgf b]v]/u'Kt ¿kdf u}+8fsf]aRrf a]Rg]of]hgf agfO/x]sf lyP . t/;kmn ePsf lyPgg\ .

;"qn]atfPcg';f/sltko o'/f]lkog d'n'sn]Pp6f u}+8fsf]aRrfnfO{ !) s/f]8 8n/;d]t lbg tof/ePsf 5g\ . k|Zg p7]sf]5, pkxf/eGb}uf]Ko ¿kdf u}+8fsf]aRrfnfO{ !) s/f]8 8n/df laqmL u/]/b]z /hgtfnfO{ u'd/fxdf /fVg ;Qf /;Qfwf/L g]tfx¿ nflukg]{ t 5}gg\ < cfd g]kfnL hgtf xf]l;of/L aGg'kg]{ cj:yf 5 .

zq'sf]vf]hLdf emngfy

sf7df8f}+ . gjlgjf{lrt k|wfgdGqL emngfy vgfn Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL;lxtsf]dlGqkl/ifb\ u7g ug{ c;kmn ePkl5 cfkm\gf 1fgL b'O{dg sf]sf]x'g\ egL vf]hL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . k|wfgdGqL eP/klg cfgGbn]/ft latfpg gkfPsf k|wfgdGqL vgfnn];/sf/lj:tf/df c;xof]u ug]{ z'qx¿ kQf nufpg cfkm\gf lgs6 ;xof]uLx¿nfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf 5g\ . k|d vgfnn] cfkm\gf kIfw/g]tfx¿ 3gZofd e';fn, /fh]Gb| uf}td, of]u]z e§/fO{, o'j/fh sfsL{nufotnfO{ dlGqkl/ifb\ lj:tf/df Jojwfg v8f ug]{ d'Vod'Vo vnkfqx¿ sf]sf]x'g\ < pgLx¿sf]e"ldsf s]s:tf]/x]sf]5, To;sf]lj:t[t hfgsf/L lbnfpg pbL{ hf/L u/]sf 5g\ .

k|d vgfnsf]ljz]if pbL{ hf/L ePkl5 vgfn kIfw/g]tfx¿n]klg ljleGg sf]0faf6 ;TotYo kQf nufpg]cleofg yfn]sf 5g\ . k|d vgfnn]cfkm\g};"rL agfP/oyfy{ kQf nufpg 5'§}ln:6 klg lbPsf]a'lemPsf]5 . afn'jf6f/;"qsf cg';f/ef/tLo /fhb't /fs]z ;'b, lgjt{dfg k|wfgdGqL dfwj g]kfn, Pdfn]sf k|efjzfnL g]tf s]kL cf]nL, g]tf k|bLk 1jfnL, dfcf]jfbL g]tfx¿ 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{, ;LkL uh'/]n, 6f]kaxfb'//fodfemL, /fd sfsL{, sf+u|];sf ;efklt ;'lzn sf]O/fnf, ;+;bLo bnsf g]tf /fdrGb| kf}8]n, pkg]tf k|sfzdfg l;+x, k|jQmf ch'{gg/l;+x s];L, dfn]g]tf ;LkL d}gfnL, kmf]/d nf]stflGqssf ljho uR5bf/sf]ultljlw /rnv]n /f]Sg s]s:tf]sbd rfNg'knf{ eg]/k|d vgfnn]cfkm\gf lgs6jtL{ g]tfx¿nfO{ tTsfn ;Nnfx lbg cfu|x u/]sf 5g\ . oLdWo];a}eGbf 3fts g]tf cfkm\g}kf6L{sf g]tf ePsf]lgisif{ klg k|d vgfnn]lgsfn]sf 5g\ .

pgn]dfwj g]kfn /s]kL cf]nLsf]c;xof]uL e"ldsfsf]sf/0f cfk"m ;+s6df u'lh|/x]sf]klg atfpg yfn]sf 5g\ . nf}g dfwj /cf]nLnfO{ ;fOhdf Nofpg'k¥of]eGb}¿Gr]:j/df xf/u'xf/klg dfUg yfn]sf 5g\ . d u[xdGqfno 5f]8\g tof/5', t/dfwj /s]kLn]cK7]/f]kf/]eg]/Pg]skf dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfnnfO{ klg ;Demfpg]k|of; u/].

cWoIf bfxfnn]eg]lxhf]tkfOFn];]gfklt k|s/0fdf wf]sf lbP/klg d}n];fy lbP t/tkfOFn]xfd|f]Tofu /alnbfgsf]dxTj lbg' ePg eg]/laxLaf/laxfg afn'jf6f/df ePsf]jftf{df rf]l6nf]hjfkm lbPsf]afn'jf6f/;"qn]atfPsf]5 . k|ltpQ/df k|d vgfnn]tkfOF /d]/f ;femf zq' dfwj /cf]nL x'g\ eg]/eGbf klg k'iksdnsf]lrQ a'em]g . pN6f]k'iksdnn]ca xfdL ;/sf/df hfFb}gf}+, tkfOFnfO{ h]ug{ dg nfU5, ToxL ug'{xf];\, xfdL ;/sf/df hfFb}gf}+ eg]/clGtd hjfkm lbP .

To;kl5 nfh;/d krfP/k|d vgfnn]b]z b'lgofFdf cfkm\gf]tf08j g[To b]vfpFb}ljefuLo dGqLx¿sf]lj:tf/u/]. otf k|d vgfnsf]lg/Lx /nfrf/Lkg b]v]/Pdfn]g]tf /sfo{stf{x¿n]vgfnn]kf6L{ g}e8\vfnf]df xfNg]eP eGg yfn]sf 5g\ . :jo+ pgsf ;dy{s;d]t afdb]j uf}tdkl5 Pdfn]Wj:t kfg]{ k|d vgfn g}x'g]eP eg]/bfaL ug{ yfn]sf 5g\ . /fhg}lts 36gfqmdn]klg ToxL b]lvPsf]5 . otf k|d vgfn eg]cem}klg lemgf]cfzf /fVb}cWoIf k'iksdnn];xof]u ug]{ kIfdf 5g\ . vgfnn]cfkm\gf ;xof]uLx¿nfO{ cfZj:t kfb}{ gf6sLo z}nLdf eGg yfn]sf 5g\– k'iksdnhL ljutdf lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnf /dfwj g]kfnnfO{ wf]sf lbFbf h'g lgotL Joxf]g'{k¥of], Tof]lgotL dnfO{ wf]sf lbP km]l/ Joxf]g'{k5{ eGg yfn]sf 5g\ .

cf]/]G6n ;xsf/L rf}wf}+ jif{df

sf7df8f}+ . cf/]G6n sf]–ck/]l6e lnld6]8sf]!$ cf}+ jflif{s ;fwf/0f;ef ;+:yfsf cWoIf ;'lw/a:g]tsf]cWoIftfdf lxhf]sf7df8f}+df ;DkGg eof]. ;fwf/0f;efn];+:yfsf]jflif{s k|ult k|ltj]bg /cfly{s jif{ @)^^÷)^& sf]n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg ;j{;DdtLn]kfl/t u¥of].

;+:yfn]cfly{s jif{ @)^^÷)^& df ! s/f]8 ^) vfv $^ xhf/@ ;o !) ?k}ofF ;~rfng d'gfkmf cfh{g u/]sf]5 . To:t}cfly{s jif{ )^^÷^& df z]o/k"FhL, k"FhLsf]if, lgIf]k ;+sng /shf{ tyf ;fk6 /sddf klg j[l4 ePsf]5 .

o;};dLIff cjlwdf ;+:yfsf]z]o/k"FhL * s/f]8 ^& nfv ^@ xhf/?k}ofF k'u]sf]5 eg]k"FhLsf]ifdf @^ s/f]8 ^& nfv ** xhf/^ ;o # /x]sf]5 . To:t};dLIff cjlwdf # ca{ @! s/f]8 &% nfv %@ xhf/& ;o % ?k}ofF lgIf]k ;+sng ePsf]5 . cl3Nnf]jif{ of]/sd @ ca{ %% s/f]8 ## nfv $@ xhf/&$ ?k}ofF lyof]. of]/sd cl3Nnf]jif{sf]t'ngfdf em08}@^ k|ltztn]a9L xf]. shf{ tyf ;fk6tkm{ ;dLIff cjlwdf #! k|ltzteGbf a9Ln]j[l4 ePsf]5 . cl3Nnf]jif{ @ ca{ %) s/f]8 & nfv #) xhf/% ;o &^ ?k}ofF shf{ k|jfx ePsf]df cfly{s jif{ @)^^÷)^& df # ca{ @* s/f]8 % nfv &^ xhf/( ;o !^ ?k}ofF k'u]sf]5 .

!$ jif{cufl8 sf7df8f}+sf]d}tLb]jLdf s]Gb|Lo sfof{no /xg]u/L :yfkgf ePsf]cf/]G6n sf]–ck/]l6esf]b]zsf ljleGg efudf ( j6f zfvf /! j6f pkzfvf sfof{no /x]sf 5g\ . :yfkgfsfnsf]5f]6f];dod}pNn]Vo k|ult ug{ ;kmn o; ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]s"n ;b:o ;+Vof ( xhf/( ;o %) hgf k'lu;s]sf]5 . o;dWo]k'?if ;b:osf];+Vof ^ xhf/& ;o !# hgf 5 eg]dlxnf ;b:osf];+Vof # xhf/@ ;o #& hgf /x]sf]sDkgL ;lrj g/]Gb|axfb'/>]i7åf/f hf/L lj1lKtdf pNn]v 5 .