jif{ $* cÍ !), @)^( >fj0f !( ut] z'qmaf/

sf7df8f}+ .  u}/sfg"gL ?kdf ;DklQ cfh{g u/L e|i6frf/ u/]sf] 7x/;lxt ljz]if cbfntn] k"j{dGqL uf]ljGb/fh hf]zLnfO{ 8]9 jif{ s}b u/L lauf] / hl/jfgf ;d]t $ s/f]8 #@ nfv ?lkofF p7fpg' kg]{ km};nf u/]sf] 5 . k"j{dGqL hf]zL / pgsf] kl/jf/sf] @)$* ;fnb]lv @)%(  ;fn h]7 * ut];Dd j}w cfDbfgL %! nfv  ($ xhf/  ^ ;o !* ?lkofF *# k};f /xsf] t/ ;f] cjlwdf pgn] @ s/f]8 ^* nfv * xhf/ ( ;o (% ?lkofF @$ k};f cfh{g u/]sf] b]lvPsf] ljz]if cbfntn] hgfPsf] 5 .

cj}w cfDbfgLaf6 j}w cfDbfgL 36fpFbf cfpg] ! s/f]8 !^ nfv !$ xhf/ # ;o &^ ?lkofF $! k};f hf]zLn] kbsf] b'?kof]u ;lxtsf] u}/ sfg"gL ?kdf cfh{g u/]sf] ljz]if cbfntn] 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . hf]zLn] u}/sfg"gL ?kdf cfh{g u/L sdfPsf] ;DklQ hkmt ug{ klg cbfntn] eg]sf] 5 .

hf]zLn] e|i6frf/ u/]sfn] Ps jif{ / dGqL h:tf] pRr kbdf a;L e|i6frf/ u/]sf] e|i6frf/ lgjf/0f P]g, @)%( sf] bkmf @$ adf]lhd yk ^ dlxgf u/L 8]9 jif{ s}b ug]{ ljz]if cbfntn] km};nf u/]sf] 5 . ljz]if cbfntsf GofofwLzx?  uf}/L axfb'/ sfsL{, cf]dk|sfz ld> /  s]bf/ rfln;]sf] Ohnf;n] g]kfn a}+s lnld6]8 / glan a}+sdf vftf vf]nL /fv]sf] !% nfv %$ xhf/ ( ;o ^! ?lkofF @& k};f / ;f]af6 a9] a9fPsf] ;DklQ hkmt ug'{ kg]{ 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . d'2fdf k|ltjfbL agfOPsf lbg]z/fh hf]zL / /Iff e§/fO{sf] efudf gf/fo0fL lk|lG6ª P08 6«]8 ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf] ckm;]6 d]lzgsf] d"Nof+sg k|ltj]bg adf]lhd ** xhf/ ^ ;o $) / z]o/ vl/b !) xhf/ u/L (* xhf/ ^ ;o $) ?lkofF klg hkmt ug'{ kg]{ u/L cbfntn] km};nf u/]sf] 5 .

hf]zLsf] gfddf /x]sf] @@ nfv @ xhf/ * ;o !( df]n kg]{ af@r ()$! gDa/sf] 6f]of]6f Nof08qm'h/uf8L, u08sL 6]lSgsn 6«]lgª ;]G6/sf] gfddf /x]sf] tgx'F lhNnf ldn'{ª uflj; j8f g+= ^-ª_  sf] lsQf g+= !!%, !#$, %%( / ^# sf] lnvt d"No @ nfv #^ xhf/ @ ;o %) ?lkofF sfod ePsf] k|ltjfbL dWo] lbg]z/fh hf]zLsf] xs k'Ug] Ps ltxfO{ hUuf klg cj}w ;DklQaf6 vl/b u/]sf] 7x/ u/L hkmt x'g] hgfOPsf] 5 .

gljn a}+ssf] vftf gDa/ )!!)@!#)$#@)! df /flvPsf] !^ xhf/ ^* 8n/ !( ;]G6 klg hkmt x'g] cbfntsf] km};nf 5 . tL ;DklQ hkmt ubf{ klg gk'Ug] ePsfn] gk'u ePsf] Ps s/f]8 #) nfv !! xhf/ kfFr ;o %% ?lkofF %( k};f hf]zLsf] cGo hfohftaf6 k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd c;"n pk/ ug'{ kg]{ ljz]ifn] km};nf u/]sf] 5 .

k|lt3/ Pp6f dfq Uof; sf8{ ljt/0f ul/g]

sf7df8f}+ ÷ pkef]Qmf Uof;sf8{af/] ljleGg l6sfl6Kk0fL eO/x]sf] a]nfdf ljt/0fsf nflu Ps nfv k|lt pkef]Qmf Uof; sf8{ tof/Ldf /flvPsf] g]kfn cfon lgudn] bfjL u/]sf] 5 . lgudn] ut ^ dlxgfb]lv Uof; sf8{ ljt/0f ug]{ eg] klg ljleGg ;d:of b]lvPkl5 sf8{ ljt/0fnfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;s]sf] lyPg . clxn] Ps nfv Uof;sf8{ ljt/0fsf] tof/Ldf /fv]sf 5f}+, lgudsf k|aGws lgb]{zs ;'/]zs'df/ cu|jfjn] ;~rf/sdL{x? l;t eGg'eof]– ca ebf}b]lv sf8{ ljt/0f sfo{nfO{ tLj|?kdf cl3 a9fpg] xfd|f] of]hgf 5 . pxfFsf cg';f/ klxnf] r/0fdf lqz"nL Uof; pBf]usf] # ;o #% Uof;sf8{ ljt/0f ul/;lsPsf] / km]l/ csf]{ r/0fdf Uof;sf8{sf nflu Ps xhf/ Ps ;o Uof;sf8{ kmf/d cfP klg sf8{ ljt/0f ul/Psf] 5}g . Uof; pkef]Qmfx?n] k|lt3/ ! j6f dfq Uof;sf8{ agfpg kfpg] 5g\ .

o; cl3sf Uof;sf8{ ljt/0fdf q'l6 b]lvPsf] atfpFb} k|aGw lgb]{zs cu|jfnn] To;nfO{ ;'wf/ u/Ln}hfg] k|ltj4tf hgfpg' eof] . pxfFn] Jofj;flos / 3/]n' u/L b'O{ k|sf/sf] Uof;sf8{ ljt/0f ul/g] atfpg' eof] . 3/]n'sf nflu /ftf] / Jofj;flossf] nflu lgnf] /+usf] l;ln08/ k|of]u ul/g] 5 . clxn];Dd cfPsf] kmf/ddf b'j} k|sf/sf kmf/d cfP klg Jofj;flos sf8{ kfpgsf nflu kmf/d a'emfpgx?n] dfkb08 k"/f u/]sf 5}gg\ . Jofj;flos Uof;sf8{ k|fKt ug{sf nflu Eof6, Kofgdf ePsf] btf{ gDa/ k]z ug'{ kg]{ k|fjwfg /flvPsf] eP klg clxn];Dd ;f] k|fjwfg cg'?k s'g} klg kmf/d gcfPsf] xf] . To:t} ljb]zL gful/s / s'6gLlts lgof]usf nflu klg s;/L lbg] eGg]af/] 6'+uf] klg nufpg ;lsPsf] 5}g .

sf+u|]; dxfdGqLsf] cf/f]k

sf7df8f}+ ÷ cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf Joj:yf gePsf] lgjf{rgdf] 3f]if0ff u/]/ k|wfgdGqLn] b]zdf ;+j}wflgs ;+s6 lgDTofPsf] g]kfnL sf+u|];sf dxfdGqL k|sfzdfg l;+xn] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . jLkL sf]O/fnfsf] #)cf}+ :d[lt lbj;sf] cj;/df cfof]lht g]t[Tj / sfo{stf{sf] e"ldsf ljifos ljrf/ uf]i7Ldf dxfdGqL l;+xn] k|wfgdGqLnfO{ g}lts?kdf s';L{df a:g] clwsf/ gePsf] klg atfpg' eof] . b]znfO{ /fhg}lts lgsf; lbgsf nflu ;a} bnx¿n] ldn]/ Pp6f /fhg}lts lg0f{o ug'{ kg]{ / To;sf nflu k|wfgdGqLn] ;Qf TofUg' kg]{ pxfFsf] egfO{ lyof] .

OG6/g]6 s/fdt

ljleGg gfd, gf/f / a|f08 ;lxt g]kfndf lelqPsf bh{gf}+ O{G6/g]6 ;le{; k|f]efO8/ -cfOP;kL_ sDkgLx?n] g]kfnsf zx/LIf]q nufot b]zsf ljleGg efudf OG6/g]6 ;]jf lbO/x]sf 5g . k|ljlwsf] ljsf;;+u} OG6/g]6 ;]jfsf u|fxsx? lbgfg'lbg a9\bf] cj:yfdf 5g . k|ljlws} sf/0f ljZj Ps ufFp h:tf] ePsf] 5 . s'g} ljz]if :yfgsf] ;"rgf Ps} :yfgdf a;]/ ;xh ?kdf k|fKt ug{ log} cfOP;kL sDkgLx?sf] ofubfgn] g} ;Dej ePsf] xf] eGbf clto'lQm gxf]nf . t/, k|ljlw ;+u} lelqPsf ;fOj/ s|fOdsf] cj:yf eg] sxfnLnfUbf] g} 5 . ljZjdf k|To]s ldg6df Pp6f g Pp6f ;fOj/ ck/fwsf] 36gf 3l6/x]sf] cj:yf 5 .

g]kfndf zx/ xf]; of u|fdL0f Onfsf OG6/g]6 ;]jf lng] u|fxs a9L /x]sf 5g / of] ;+u} gkTofpg] tl/sfaf6 7lug] s|d klg a9]sf] 5 . OG6/g]6 ;]jfk|bfos sDkgLx?n] pknAw u/fpF5' eg]sf] l:k8 Ifdtf s;}n] pkef]u ug{ kfPsf 5}gg . u|fxsnfO{ k"0f{ Ifdtf lbG5' elg ljZj:t kf/] klg Pp6f ;j{/ bh{g hgf;DdnfO{ l8efO8 u/]/ k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 . o:tf s]xL sDkgLx? nfO;]G; lnP/} 7lu ug{ lelqPsf x'g .

s]an, 8fonck, P8LP;Pn, jfo/n];, jfOkmfO h];'s} gfdsf sDkgL x'g s'g}n] u|fxsn] k};f lt/] a/fa/ Ifdtfsf] OG6/g]6 k|of]u ug{ kfPsf 5}gg . Pp6f nfOg !@ hgf ;DdnfO{ l8efO8 u/]/ ;]jf lbg] gfdsf o:tf sDkgLx? d]/f] ljrf/df ;/sf/L nfO;]G; jfnf 7u g} x'g\ . oLlgx?nfO{ 7lusf] cf/f]kdf ;/sf/n] sf/jfxL ug'{ kg]{ xf] t/, ef]lnsf lbgdf cfkm"n] lgz'Ns pkef]u u/]sf] OG6/g]6 ;]jf vf]l;g] xf]sL eg]/ v'§f sdfP/ a:g afWo 5g . dfgj clwsf/sf] klxnf] xs ;"rgfsf] xs xf] / Tof] k|fKt ug{ ;j{;fwf/0fn] OG6/g]6sf] rng a9fPsf 5g . clxn]sf cj:yfdf ;"rgf k|fKt ug]{ klxnf] dfWod OG6/g]6 ePsf] 5 t/, b'|tultsf] ;]jf lbG5' eGg] / ;':t ultsf] ;]jf k|fKt eP klg cg'udg ug]{ lgsfon] o;df Wofg} lbPsf] 5}g .

b'|t ultsf] ;]jf lnPklg l9nf] PlS;; x'g], a]nf a]nfdf OG6/g]6 ;j{/n] sfd} gug]{ cj:yf 5, ph'/L gn]vfO OG6/g]6 g} rNb}g . ;fgf] kmfOn 8fpgnf]6 ug'{k¥of] eg] klg 306f}+ s'g'{ kg]{ afWotf 5 . emg ;'/Iffsf]nflu /flvPsf h]Go'g ;km\6j]o/x? ck8]6 ug'{ k¥of] eg] c;Dej k|fo 5 . of] ;d:ofsf] kfq ddfq xf]Og xhf/f}+ 5g\ h:sf] ;d:of Ps} 5 . lbgbxf8} 7lu ug]{ cfOP;kL sDkgLx?n] dfu cg';f/s} b'|t ultsf] OG6/g]6 ;]jf pkef]u ug]{ jftfj/0f agcf];\ / ;]jf klg r':t / b'?:t xf]; eGg] cfu|x ub{5' . cfzf u/f}+, ef]lnsf lbgx?df k};f lt/]/ k|fKt ug]{ o:tf cTofjZos ;]jfsf sDkgLx?n] pknAw u/fp5' eg]sf] Ifdtf cg';f/sf] OG6/g]6 ;]jf k|fKt ug{ kfOg]5 .

v'daxfb'/  v8\sf lj?4sf] km};nf #) ut]

g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tf tyf k"j{dGqL v'daxfb'/ v8\sfsf] s/f]8f}+sf] e|i6frf/ d'2fdf cfufdL ;fpg #) ut] clGtd km};nf x'g] ePsf] 5 . cf/f]lkt v8\sfn] b'O{ s/f]8 #^ nfv ?k}of e|i6frf/ u/]sf] cleof]u 5 . kTgL lznf / 5f]/L k'gdsf gfddf /x]sf] ;DklQsf] klg ;|f]t gv'n]sf] bfjL cbfntsf] 5 . clVtof/n] pgLx?sf] ;DklQsf] ;|f]t gv'n]sf] eGb} dltof/ dfg]sf] 5 . v8\sf lj?4 clVtof/n] )%( sflQs $ ut] ljz]if cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] lyof] .

/fhtGq k'g:yf{kgfb]lv @)%* df tTsfnLg /fhf 1fg]Gb| zfxn] ;+;b lj36g gu/];Dd nuftf/ dGqL ag]sf v8\sfn] b'O{ s/f]8 #^ nfv *& xhf/ 5 ;o @$ ?k}of @$ k};f e|i6frf/ u/]sf] cleof]u clVtof/n] nufPsf] 5 . ;fj{hlgs kbdf k|j]z u/]kl5 x6];Ddsf] cjlwdf v8\sfsf] b'O{ s/f]8 &% nfv (* xhf/ b'O{ ;o ^$ ;DklQ /x]sfdf #( nfv !) xhf/ 5 ;o #( ?k}of *! k};f ;DklQsf] dfq ;|f]t v'n]sf] clVtof/sf] bfjL 5 .

k"j{ ljlzi6 JolQmx?nfO{ ;'ljwf lbg NofOPsf] sk6k"0f{ cWofb]z /f]Sg cfb]z
xfQLsf] vfg] / b]vfpg] bfFt em}+ g]tfx?åf/f ;'ljwf lkmtf{sf] gf6s

sf7df8f}+ ÷ g]kfnsf k"j{ ljlzi6 dxfg'efjx?nfO{ ;'ljwf lbg] u/L NofOPsf] cWofb]zsf] rf}tkmL{ lj/f]w eO/x]sf] 5 . b]z 8'afpg] g]tfx?n] ;Qfdf 5Fbf eQf / ;Qfaf6 x6]kl5 klg /fHonfO{ zf]if0f ug]{ / n'6\g;Dd n'6\g vf]Hbf k"j{ k|zf;sx?n] To:tf] ;'ljwfsf] lj/f]wdf /Tgkfs{df l/n] cg;g u/L lj/f]w hgfP . ;j{;fwf/0f ;lxt w]/} h;f] ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] cg;gsf] ;dy{g u/]/ ;'ljwf ef]uL cWofb]zsf] e08fkmf]/ u/]sf 5g\  .

8f= afa'/fd g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/n] k"j{/fi6«klt, k"j{ k|wfgdGqL, k"j{ ;efd'v, k"j{ u[xdGqL, ljlzi6 g]tf / kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ cfjf;, uf8L, k]6«f]lnod kbfy{ nufot cGo ;'ljwfx? cfhLjg pknAw u/fpg cWofb]z NofPsf] 5 . ;f] cWofb]z Nofpg' cl3 klg ljlzi6 JolQmx?nfO{ ;/sf/n] uf8L, k]6«f]n nufot cGo ;'ljwfx? lb+b} cfPsf lyP . of] ;'ljwf lbg gx'g] egL lj/f]w rs]{kl5 e6\6/fO{ ;/sf/n] cWofb]z dfkm{t ;f] ;'ljwf lbg vf]h]sf] xf] .

o;/L ;'ljwf lb+bf /fi6«nfO{ 7"nf] gf]S;fgL x'g] / g]tfx? a9L kmfObf lng] eGb} lj/f]w ePsf] xf] . of] cWofb]z lj?4 ;jf]{Rr cbfntdf d'2f bfo/ ul/Psf] 5 . afg]Zj/sf e/t h+udn] /fHosf]ifaf6 hLjgko{Gt ;'ljwf lng] dg;fon] of] sk6k"0f{ tj/df cWofb]z NofOPsf] eGb} d'2f bfo/ ePsf] xf] . cWofb]z /fi6«kltn] hf/L u/]df /fHosf]ifsf] b'?kof]u x'g] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .

;/sf/L ;'ljwfsf] ljifonfO{ lnP/ rf}tkmL{ lj/f]w ePkl5 /fi6«kltn] klg o; af/]df k/fdz{ lng yfn]sf 5g\ . sf+u|]; / Pdfn]sf g]tfx? eg] ;/sf/L ;'ljwfsf] uf8L lkmtf{ u/] egL k|rf/df nfu]sf] 5 . o;/L k|rf/df nfUg] g]tfx? dfwj s'df/ g]kfn / /fdrGb| kf}8]nn] xfQLsf] vfg] / b]vfpg] bfFt em}+ uf8L lkmtf{sf] gf6s u/] klg k|fOe]6 gDj/sf] uf8Lx? ;/sf/L ;'ljwfaf6} k|of]u ub{} cfPsf 5g\ . cGo g]tfx?n] klg To:tf] ;'ljwf /fHosf]ifaf6 ln+b} cfPsf 5g\ .

;efklt zfSoåf/f ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cfb]zsf] :jfut

/fHosf]ifsf] b'?kof]u /f]Sg g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3sf ;efklt d~h'/Tg  zfSon] klg ;DalGwt lgsfosf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg' ePsf] 5 . ;efklt zfSon] sfdrnfp ;/sf/n] ljjfbf:kb lg0f{o u/L hgtfnfO{ cfly{s ;+s6df kfg{ vf]h]sf]n] To:tf] cj}wflgs sfo{ /f]Sg' kg]{ / cWofb]z ab/ ug{ ;/f]sf/ jfnf;Fu cfu|x ug'{ ePsf] 5 .

/fHosf]ifaf6 k"j{ ljlzi6 dxfg'efjx?n] jif]{gL sl/j %) s/f]8 eGbf a9L /sd vr{ u/fO/x]sf] Tof] To:tf] /sdsf] b'?kof]u /f]s]/ ljsf; lgdf{0f jf hgsNof0fsf/L sfo{df vr{ ug{ ;efklt zfSon] hf]8 lbg' ePsf] 5 .
o:t}, k"j{ kbflwsf/Lx?sf] ;]jf ;'ljwf ;DaGwL /fi6«klt 8f= ofbjn] hf/L u/]sf] cWofb]z sfof{Gjog gug{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cGtl/d cfb]z hf/L u/]sf]df ;efklt zfSon] ;f]sf] xflb{s :jfut ug'{ ePsf] 5 .

;efklt zfSon /fhZjsf] r/d b'?kof]u ug]{ u/L gfnfos 8f= e6\6/fO{ ;/sf/sf] lg0f{onfO{ ;jf}{Rrsf] cfb]zaf6 Ps csf]{ 7"nf wSsf / wAjf nfu]sf] s'/f atfpg' x'Fb} pxfFn] ef/t k/:t jt{dfg ;/sf/ ca Ps lbg klg s';L{df tfl;g gx'g] s'/f :ki6 kfg'{ eof] .

o;}aLr, k"j{ ljlzi6 kbflwsf/LnfO{ lbOPsf] ;'ljwf vf/]h x'g'kg]{ dfu ub}{ g]kfn gful/s ;dfhn] z'? u/]sf] l/n] cgzgk|lt ljleGg If]qsf JolQmx?n] P]Soj4tf hgfPsf lyP . o;qmddf g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf pkfWoIf ;LkL uh'/]nn] cfGbf]ngk|lt cfkm\gf] kf6L{sf] k"0f{ ;dy{g /x]sf] atfpg' eof] . To;}u/L, g]kfnL sf+u|];sf g]tfx? bLks'df/ pkfWofo, dLg axfb'/ ljZjsdf{, hgdf]rf{ g]kfnsf cWoIf lrq axfb'/ s];L nufotn] cfGbf]ngk|lt ;dy{g hgfpFb} k"j{ ljlzi6 kbflwsf/LnfO{ lbOPsf] ;'ljwf tTsfn vf/]h x'g'kg]{ atfpg' eof] .

lzIffljb\ s]bf/eQm dfy]df, sdns[i0f hf]zL, g]kfn lzIfs o'lgogsf k"j{ cWoIf s]zjk|;fb e§/fO{, dfgjclwsf/jfbL slkn >]i7, ;'af]w Kofs'/]n nufotn] ;dfhsf] cgzgk|lt P]Sojtf hgfpg' ePsf] hfgsf/L ;dfhsf dxf;lrj 8LkL cof{nn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

o;}aLr tLg hgf k"j{k|wfg GofofwLzx?n] ;/sf/n] lbPsf] ;'ljwf lkmtf{ u/]sf 5g\ . o; cg';f/ k"j{k|wfg GofofwLz dLgaxfb'/ /fodfemL, cg'k/fh zdf{ / /fdk|;fb >]7n] ;'ljwf lkmtf{ u/]sf] hfgsf/L ;lxt kq ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] k|zf;gdf k7fPsf 5g\ . @)$^ ;fn otfsf k|wfg GofofwLzx?nfO{ ;/sf/n] dlxgfjf/L Ps ;o @) ln6/ k]6«f]n, gf;' ;/xsf Ps hgf sd{rf/L / uf8L ;'ljwf lbPsf] lyof] . !% hgf k"j{k|wfg GofofwLz dWo] gogaxfb'/ vqL @)$^ ;fn cl3 lgo'Qm eO{ To;kl5 cjsfz kfPsf ]sf/0f / s]bf/gfy pkfWofo /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf] cWoIf ePsfn] To:tf] ;'ljwf kfPsf 5}gg\ .

o:t}, ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] k"j{ ljlzi6 JolQm tyf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ cfhLjg ;'ljwf lbg] ;/sf/L cWofb]z sfof{Gjogdf /f]s nufPsf] 5 . dlGqkl/ifbsf l;kmfl/zdf /fi6«kltaf6 hf/L e} nfu" e} ;s]sf] ;f] cWofb]z sfof{Gjog gug{ ;jf]{Rrn] /f]s nufPsf] 5 .

dlxnfsf] s'g c+u cfslif{t x'G5g\ <

o'jf k':tfdf k'u]sf k'?ifsf] Wofg /fd|L o'jtLnfO{ x]g'{df klg x'G5 . klxn] pgLx? /fd|L o'jtLnfO{ x]5{g\, To;kl5 pgLx?sf cË x]g{ yfN5g\ . k'?ifdf o:tf] :jefj b]lvPsf] xhf/f}+ jif{ eO;s]sf] 5 . k'?ifn] s'g} klg o'jtLnfO{ cfFvf ;fd'Gg] b]v]kl5 klxn] uw{g x'Fb} :tgdf cfFvf k'¥ofpFb} lt3|fdf b[li6 km\ofFS5 . b d]n j|]g gfds k':tsdf pNn]v eP cg';f/ k'?ifn] lt3|f x]/]kl5 1fg]lGb|otkm{ klg Wofg s]lGb|t u5{ . k'?ifnfO{ dlxnfsf] 7"nf] :tg, kftnf] sDd/;Dd k]6 tyf uf]nf] k'7\7f a9L dg k5{ . o:tf] lsl;dsf] zf/Ll/s agfj6 ePsf o'jtL b]lvP s'g} klg hflt / j0f{sf k'?if cfslif{t x'G5g\ . dlxnfsf] zf/Ll/s agfj6n] k'?ifnfO{ klxnf] gh/d}] cfsif{0f u5{ / dlxnfsf] s'g cËn] k'?ifnfO{ a9L cfslif{t u5{ eg] ljifodf w]/} cg';Gwfg Pj+ ;j]{If0fx? ;DkGg eO;s]sf 5g\ . clxn];Dd ePsf cg';Gwfg dWo] s'g} klg k'?ifn] Ps ;]s]08sf] klg kfFrf}+ efudf p;n] dlxnf cfsif{s 5 ls 5}g eGg] ljifodf lg0f{o ul/;s]sf] x'G5 . of] lg0f{o ug]{ qmddf k'?ifsf s]xL 1fg]lGb|o ;lqmo x'g'sf ;fy} /Qmrfk ;d]t a[l4 x'G5 . o'lgel;{l6sf j}1flgsx?n] k'?ifdf o:tf] lsl;dsf] k|ltlqmof lsg x'G5 eg]/ yk cg';Gwfg ubf{ of}gsf ljifodf k'?ifx?sf] dl:tisn] dlxnfsf] t'ngfdf @ bzdnj % u'0ff a9L 6f]:6];6f]/f]g xfdf]{g pTkfbg u5{ . o;/L xfdf]{gsf] a9L pTkfbgn] ubf{ of}g cfsif{0fsf] If]qdf k'?ifsf] dl:tis dlxnfsf] t'ngfdf !) b]lv !% u'0ff a9L ;lqmo x'G5 . oxL sf/0fn] klg k'?ifx? of}gsf] If]qdf dlxnfeGbf a9L ;lqmo x'G5g\ . c¿ ;j]{If0fn] s] k|i6 kf/]sf] 5 eg] k'?ifn] cfkm\gf] hLjgdf !$ hgf km/s dlxnf;Fu of}g ;Dks{ /fV5 eg] dlxnfn] hLjgdf ! jf @ k'?if;Fu dfq zf/Ll/s ;Dks{ /fv]sf x'G5g\ .

dflyNnf] s0ff{nL aGg] g;Sg]

b}n]v . g]skf–dfcf]jfbLsf b}n]v OGrfh{ /fdnfn lj=s=n] ;/sf/n] dflyNnf] s0ff{nL cfof]hgfsf nflu ul/Psf ;lGw / ;Demf}tfx? tTsfn g;RofP dflyNnf] s0ff{nL cfof]hgf aGg glbg] atfPsf 5g\ . xfdL cfof]hgf agfpg glbg] jf ljsf; lj/f]wL xf]Ogf}+ t/ hgtfsf] cu|flwsf/nfO{ s'Nr]/ ul/Psf] ;Demf}tfdf dflyNnf] s0ff{nL aGg} ;Sb}g eGb} pgn] eg], afa'/fd ;/sf/n] ef/tsf] kIfkf]if0f eP/ ;Qf l6sfO{ /fVgsf] nflu hgtfsf] cfFvfdf 5f/f] xfNg] sfd u/]sf] 5 .

z'?d} hgtfaf6 r'lgPsf hgk|ltlglwx?sf] b'O{ ltxfO{ ax'dtn] kf; ug'{ kg]{ /fli6«o dxTjsf cfof]hgfx? PsfPs Ps b'O{ hgfn] 6]08/sf] s'/f u/]/ ;Demf}tf u/] Tof] g} b'ef{Uo ePsf] 5, pgn] eg] . ljb]zLx?n] g]kfndf ePsf] ;+qmd0fsfnsf] kmfO{bf p7fpFb} d'n'sdf ;+s6 k/]sf a]nf o:tf unt / /fi6«3ftL ;Demf}tfx? ug]{ u/]sf]n] d'n'ssf] /fli6«otf lbgk|ltlbg vt/fdf kb}{ cfPsf] atfP .

s0ff{nL hnfwf/ If]q eg]/ cGo %) eGbf w]/} ;xfos gbLx?df cGo s'g} klg sfd ug'{ kbf{ lhPdcf/;Fu ;f]w]/ dfq s'g} sfd ug{ kfpg] unt ;Demf}tf u/]/ dWoklZrdsf hgtfsf] clwsf/df nft xfGg] sfd ePsf] atfP . of] ;Demf}tf unt 5 tTsfn ;Rofpg' k5{ gq cem} 7"nf] cfFlwa]x/Lsf] cfGbf]ng x'g ;S5 pgn] eg] .

b]pjf ;d"xåf/f /fhLgfdf lbg] tof/L

sf7df8f}+ ÷ g]kfnL sf+u|]; ;efklt ;'lzn sf]O/fnfn] kf6L{ ljwfg / ;fdfGo k/fdz{ ljg} s]Gb|Lo ljefu u7g u/]sf] eGb} jl/i7 g]tf z]/axfb'/ b]pjf kIfn] ljefuaf6 ;fd"lxs /fhLgfdf lbg] ePsf] 5 . kf6L{ ljwfg  ljk/Lt tyf ;fdfGo 5nkmn klg gu/L ;efkltn] ljefu / c~rn ;+of]hs u7g u/]sf]n] /fhLgfdf lbg] lgrf]8 lgsfn]sf x'g\ .

;efklt sf]O/fnfn] kf6L{leq cfGtl/s k/fdz{ / ;xdlt ljk/Lt kf6L{ ljwfgdf Joj:yf ePsf tL; ;lxt gofF af¥x ljefu v8f u/L $@ s]Gb|Lo ljefu u7g u/]sf lyP . pgn] rf}w c+rn ;+of]hs, k|jQmf / Ps s]Gb|Lo ;b:o klg dgf]gog u/]sf lyP . b]pjf kIfLo ;b:ox?sf] a}7sn] s]Gb|Lo ljefu u7g ug]{ clwsf/ s]Gb|Lo sfo{ ;ldltsf] ePsf] 7x/ ub}{ ;efkltn] ljwfg ldr]/ u/]sf] ljefudf ga:g] 7x/ u/]sf 5g\ .

sf+u|]; ljwfgdf s]Gb|Lo ljefu u7g s;n] ug]{ eGg] ljifo afFlemPsf] 5 . ljwfgdf s]Gb|Lo sfo{;ldltn] ljefu u7g ug]{ :ki6 pNn]v eP klg ;efkltn] klg ljefu u7g ug]{ pNn]v ePsfn] cfkm\gf] cg's"n cg';f/ AofVof ul/g] ul/Psf] 5 .  b]pjf kIfLo g]tfn] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo ljefu u7g ug]{af/] ;fdfGo hfgsf/L klg glbO{ ;efkltn] kf6L{leq x}sdjfb nfb\g vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ . pgLx?n] sf+u|];sf] :yfkgfsfnb]lv g} ;a} ljifo cfk;L 5nkmn / ;xdltsf cfwf/df ug]{ kl/kf6L;d]t nTofPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ .

sf]O/fnfn] u7g u/]sf] ljefudf b]pjf kIfLo s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox? ;+;bLo ljefudf k"0f{ axfb'/ v8\sf, s[lif tyf ;xsf/L ljefudf afns[i0f vfF0f, e"k" ;}lgs ljefudf /d]z l/hfn, k|fs[lts ;|f]t ljefudf k|sfz/0f dxt, ;flxTo, snf tyf ;+:s[lt ljefudf dgdf]xg e§/fO{, cg';Gwfg tyf clen]v ljefudf dxfnIdL pkfWofo …l8gfÚ, cflbjf;L tyf hghflt ljefudf eLid/fh cfªb]Da], cg'udg tyf d"Nof+sg ljefudf clDasf a:g]t, ko{6g ljefudf lszf]/l;+x /f7f}/, åGb Joj:yfkg ljefudf O{Zj/L Gof}kfg], lj1fg tyf k|ljlw ljefudf ;Ltf u'?ª, l;FrfO{ Pj+ k"jf{wf/ ljsf; ljefudf ldgfIfL emf / ckf+u ljefudf ;'hftf kl/of/nfO{ k|d'v agfPsf lyP .

To:t} c~rn ;+of]hsdf b]pjf kIfaf6 d]rL c~rn ;dGjo ;ldltdf dx]Gb| ofbj, n'lDagL c~rn ;dGjo ;ldltdf ;'/]Gb|/fh kf08], wf}nflu/L c~rn ;dGjo ;ldltdf PgkL ;fpb, s0ff{nL c~rn ;dGjo ;ldltdf dLg ljZjsdf{, ;]tL c~rn ;dGjo ;ldltdf 1fg]Gb| axfb'/ sfsL{ / dxfsfnL c~rn ;dGjo ;ldltdf hLjg axfb'/ zfxLnfO{ ;+of]hs agfPsf lyP .

;+rf/dfWoddf dw]zLdflysf] /f]s km'sfpg k|wfgdGqLsf] kxn cfjZos

sf7df8f}+{ ÷ ÷;fDk|bflos ;+rf/ ljv08gsf] cfwf/Æ gf/f ;lxt ;/sf/L / lghL ;+rf/dfWodnfO{ ;dfj]zL agfpg cfGbf]ng/t dw]zL kqsf/x?sf] dfu ;/sf/n] j]jf:tf u/]kl5 o;af6 g/fd|f] ;Gb]z ;dfhdf uPsf] 5 .

;/sf/ lgolGqt 6]lnlehg / lghL 6]lnlehg nufot w]/} h;f] Pkm=Pd= /]l8of] :6]zgx?df dw]zLx?nfO{ ;dfrf/ k9\g glbg], Go"h ?d / ;Dkfbg sIfdf dw]zLnfO{ egf{ gug]{, ePsf Psfw JolQmnfO{ lyr]/ /fVg] k|j[lQ lj?4 kqsf/x? b'O{ ;ftfb]lv /fhwfgLdf l/n] cgzg u/]sf 5g\ .

;~rf/dGqL /fhlszf]/ ofbjn] cfkm" dw]zL kqsf/nfO{ ;+rf/ dfWoddf ;dfrf/ k9\g, sfo{qmd rnfpg /f]s gnufPsf] eGb} cfPtf klg pxfF cGt/u{tsf lgsfodf e]befj / dw]zLsf] cfjfh /f]Sg] JolQmx¿ xfjL ePkl5 ;/sf/sf] ;dfj]zL l;4fGt / g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] lvNnL p8]sf] 5 . g]kfnL clwsf+z ;~rf/dfWoddf Pp6} hft ljz]ifsf JolQmx?n] sAhf hdfP/ a;]sf 5g\ eg] ltgLx?n] g]jf/, hghflt / cGo hft hfltnfO{ oyf]lrt :yfg lbg ?rfPsf 5}gg\ . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{ ;/sf/L ;+rf/dfWod ;+sL0f{tfsf] 3]/fdf /x]sf] / o; k|sf/sf] cGofo /f]Sg k|wfgdGqL ;dIf Wofgfsif{0f ug{ k'u]sf kqsf/x?n] k'/fgf] ;Qfsf ;+sL0f{ dfgl;stf wf/Lx?n] ;a} hfthfltnfO{ ;~rf/ dfWoddf ;dflxt x'g /f]s nufPsf]df v]b k|s6 u/]sf] 5 . dw]zL kqsf/x¿n] ;a} hft hfltx?nfO{ ;dfrf/ k9\g, sfo{qmd rnfpg / Go"h ?ddf sfd ug{ cj;/ ;lxt dlGqkl/ifbaf6 ;Daf]wg ug{ dfq u/]sf 5g\ . ;+rf/dGqL ofbjsf] lgl/xkgfn] ;dfj]zL ;~rf/ dfWod ;/sf/L / u}/ ;/sf/L ;~rf/ ;+:yf x'g g;Sg] ts{ ul/+b}5 .

o; cl3sf ;~rf/dGqL h]=kL= u'Ktfn] klg cfkm\gf] ( dlxgf sfo{sfndf efif0f hlt u/] klg Ps hgf klg dw]zLnfO{ ;/sf/L ;+rf/ dfWoddf k|j]z u/fpg ;s]gg\ . g t s;}nfO{ ;dfrf/ jfrg / sfo{qmd ;+rfns agfP . oltv]/ dw]zL / hghflt kqsf/x?n] cf–cfkm\gf xs, clwsf/sf lglDt hf]8bf/ cfjfh a'nGb ub}{ P]Soj4tf hgfPsf 5g\ . 

o'jf ;+3n] uf8L sAhf ;lxt g]kfn aGb ug]{

sf7df8f}+ . o'jf ;+3 g]kfnn] ;/sf/n] k"j{ kbflwsf/LnfO{ lbPsf] ;'ljwfsf ;a} uf8L sAhf ug]{ r]tfjgL lbPsf] 5 . ;+3n] /fhwfgLdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L ;'ljwfsf uf8L sAhf ;lxt ;/sf/ lj?4sf] !) lbg] cfGbf]ngsf sfo{qmd ;fpg !( / @) ut] &% lhNnfdf $ ah]kl5 cfwf 306f rSsf hfd ug]{, @) ut] ;fFem d;fn h'n'; ;fpg @! ut] / @@ ut] laxfg ^ ah]b]lv !) ah];Dd pkTosf aGb ug]{ nufotsf sfo{qmd 5 .  To;}u/L ;fpg @# / @$ ut] laxfg ^ b]lv !) ah]];Dd g]kfn aGb / jt{dfg ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL tyf dGqLx?sf] sfo{qmddf cj/f]w k'¥ofpg] sfnf]em08f b]vfP/ alxisf/ ug]{ sfo{qmd /x]sf 5g\ .

;Dd]ngdf cWoIf dx]z a:g]tn] /fhgLlts bnx?aLr ;xdltsf] ;Defjgf IfL0f aGb} uPsf] / ;/sf/ ;'lw|g] dgl:yltdf g/x]sf] eGb} ;/sf/nfO{ ;QfRo"t ug{ cfGbf]ngsf] ljsNk gePsf] atfP . pgn] Pdfn]s} g]tfx?n] lnPsf] ;'ljwfsf] ;jf/L ;fwg ;d]t ;/sf/nfO{ g]tfx?sf] ;'ljwfeGbf klg hgtfnfO{ dn pknAw u/fpg ;'emfj lbP .

pgn] ;+3n] cfkm\gf] cfGbf]ngnfO{ o; k6s t/fO{ s]lGb|t ug]{ hfgsf/L lb+b} t/fO{ dw]z hfu/0f cleofg cGtu{t dw]zL hgtfsf efjgf ljk/Lt e|i6frf/ 8s}tL, /ftf] kf;kf]6{ b'?kof]u nufotsf 36gf ;+:yfut ?kdf a9]sfn] To;nfO{ k/f:t kfg{ dw]; s]lGb|t cfGbf]ng yflnPsf] hfgsf/L lbP .

To:t} ;+3n] s]Gb|Lo sld6Ldf b'uf{ uf}td -emfkf_, lxdfn lnDa" -;'g;/L_, kz'{/fd a:g]t -df]/ª+_, lg/~hg emf -;Kt/L_, k|eft s6'jfn -vf]6fª_, xs{ /fO{ -;f]n'v'Da'_, t]Dkf l;+3L nfdf -/;'jf_, lg/]zgnfn l;+x -sf7df8f}+_, w|'j ofbj -af/f_, /]t /fgf -kfNkf_ b]j/fh kf]v|]n -?kGb]xL_, dgf]x/ a'9fyf]sL -bfª_, s[i0f ljs, uh]Gb|, zfxL, afa'/fd bfxfn -/f}tx6_, /ljGb| nD;fn -afFs]_, Clif e';fn -tgx'F_, lblnk Gof}kfg] -lrtjg_ / u0f]z hf]zL -bfr'{nf_ nfO{ dgf]gog ;d]t u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf hgfOof] .

:tg SofG;/af6 hf]lug ufh/ pkof]uL

ufh/ / ;v/v08  -;'7'uL_ sf] ;]jg :tg SofG;/sf] ;'?jftL r/0fdf nfek|b x'G5 . ufh/ / ;'7'gLdf /]6f]gf]Os cDn kfOG5 . j}1flgsx?sf cg';f/ dlxnfsf] :tg SofG;/sf] sf/s sf]lzsfdf x'g] k|f/lDes kl/jt{gnfO{ of] cDnn] /f]Sg ;S5 . of] cDn le6fldg …PÚ ;Fu} lgl:sG5 .

sf]lzsfsf] ljsf;, lj:tf/ / hLjgnfO{ k|efljt ug]{ /;fog xfd|f] 5fnfnfO{ k'gM o'jf agfpgdf sfd cfpg ;S5 . of] /;fogsf] Pp6f ;fgf] dfqf PlG6l/sn -rfp/L x6fpg]_ lqmddf ;d]t pkof]u x'G5 . j}1flgsx?sf cg';f/ of] cg';Gwfgsf] nIo of] tyf o:t} k|sf/sf cGo /;fogsf] ;xof]un] SofG;/sf] pkrf/ vf]Hg' xf] .

d'Vo j}1flgs lkmnf8]lNkmofsf kmfs; s]; Sofg;/ ;]G6/sf 8f= ;]8«f kmgf{G8];sf cg';f/ olb Sofg;/ a9L dfqfdf a[l4 ePsf] 5 eg] /]6f]gf]Os cDnsf] dfWodn] To;sf] ljsf; qmdnfO{ kl/jt{g ug{ ;ls+b}g . pgL s] eG5g\ eg] /]6f]gf]Os cDn SofG;/sf] k|f/lDes r/0fdf ;kmn 5 / o;n] of] sf]lzsfsf] a[l4 x'g] k|lqmofnfO{ pN6\ofpg ;S5 .

h'DnL hfqf

– drf/fhf dxh{g

g]kfnsf] hfqfx? dWo h'DnL hfqf klg Ps xf] . oxfF dgfpg] hfqfx? ufO{ hfqf, /f]kfO{, hfqf, kN6g hfqf / j}/fuL hfqf kb{5 . of] hfqf o;kfnL ;fpg @) b]lv @& ut];Dd dgfpFb} 5 . klxnf] hfqf gfuk~rdLsf] lbg nfv] tyf eSs' gfr b]vfpFb} z'? x'G5 . gfr;Fu} afh'/fsf] a8L dflnsf hfg] rng 5 . ;]gf / k|x/Ln] xif{ a9fOF u/]kl5 a8Ldflnsf ofqf yfNg] h'DnL ;d"x / 8f]6Laf6 cfpg] ;d"xaLr ln+uf] l56f] k'¥ofpg] k|lt:kw}{ x'G5 . sfnL6sf]6, hfh/sf]6, d'u' nufot lhNnfaf6 hfg]n] h'DnLnfO[ / cGo 6f]nLn] 8f]6]nLnfO{ ;3fpg] rng klg 5 . h;n] l56f] k'¥ofpF5, o;sf] k|zf;lgs lhNnfleq cGgkft w]/} kmNg] / cGo s'g} clgi6 x'Fb}g eGg] hgljZjf; /x]sf] :yfgLo ;+:s[ltssf 1ftfsf] egfO{ 5 .

h'Dnfaf6 a8Ldflnsf k'Ug ldl;O;s]kl5 h'Dnfdf g]jf/ lelqPsf x'g\ . PsLs/0fkl5 oxfFsf] k|zf;g x]g{ a8fxflsdsf] Joj:yf x'g k"j{ d]h/ :t/sf sd{rf/L cfpFy] . pgLx?;Fu] Jofkf/sf nflu g]jf/ ;d'bfo h'Dnf lelqPkl5 oxfF hfqf z'? ePsf] ;+:s[ltsljb\x?sf] egfO{ 5 . ufO{hfqfsf] ef]lnkN6 /f]kfOF hfqf k5{ . k'?ifnfO{ xn uf]? agfP/ af6f]df hf]ltG5 . afp;] u/L v]n /f]k]sf] gSsn ul/G5 . dfG5]n] 3f]8f tyf xfQLsf] ?kwf/0f u/L gfr b]vfpg] rng 5 .

 hfqfsf] t];|f] lbg kN6g hfqf xf] . laxfg}b]lv h'Dnf ahf/el/ ;]gf / k|x/L cf–cfkm\gf kf]zfsdf k/]8 v]ln/x]sf e]l6G5g\ . of] kmf}h ;fFlRrs} ;]gf / k|x/Lsf] kmf}h eg] xf]Og . o;nfO{ s;} s;}n] l;kfxL hfqf klg eG5g\ . h'Dnfd a:tL ljsf; gx'Fbf 3gf h+un lyof] . af3, efn'n] v'a ;tfpFy] . slxn] 3/kfn'jf j:t'efp vfOlbg] . slxn] aRrfaRrL / jo:snfO{ cfqmd0f ug]{ . af3, efn'nfO{ dfg{ ;]gf/ k|x/Lsfn] kN6g vn+uf cfOk'u]sf] lbgsf] ;Demgfsf of] hfqf dgfpg yflnPsf] xf] .

Pp6f ;d"x k|x/L / ;]gfsf] kf]zfs nufP/ ahf/ Psflt/ afhf ahfpFb} gfRg], k'?ifs} csf]{ ;d"x dlxnfsf] e]ifdf gfRg] 5g\ . ;f8L, Anfph nufPsf, l/jgn] skfn af6]sf / lnlkl:6s kf]t]sf k'?ifsf] ;d"xsf] gfr cem x]g{ nfos lyof] . gSsnL h'Fuf nufPsf t/ dlxnf kf]zfsdf cw{gUg o'jf afhf / gfrsf] tfdndf 3/3/af6 k};f p7fpF5g\ . :yfgLo txdf ldd afbzfx gfr elgg] o:tf gfr af3, efn' df/]sf] v'l;ofnLdf /fhf/fgLnfO{ v'zL agfpg b]vfpg] ul/Psf] hfqf ;ldltsf ;+of]hs cfgGb clwsf/Ln] hfgsf/L lbP .

;+:s[ltljb\ cfrfo{sf cg';f/ ef/tsf tTsfnLg jfbzfx / ltgsf kTgLnfO{ d]d;fx]j elgg] rng cg'?k pgLx?s} kf]zfsdf gSsn u/L ldd jfbzfx gfr b]vfpg yflnPsf] xf] . of] e]udf wfg gx'g] 7fpFnfO{ :yfgLo njhdf kfUd elgG5 eg] of] If]qdf a:g]nfO{ kfj} . of] hfqfdf wfdL gfRg], kt'g]{, af3 efn' grfpg] rng 5 . l;kfxL hfqfsf] ef]lnkN6 a}/fuL hfqf dgfO{G5 . ;fw'sf] ?kwf/0f u/]sf kfqx? 76\of}nL z[+uf/df z+v, 306 ahfpg], w'kbLk ug]{, /dfOnf] wfld{s k|jrng lbg] tyf k~r]afnf ahfpF5g\ . g]jf/L k/Dk/f / ;+:s[lt dflgg] o:tf hfqfnfO{ qmdzM c? ;d'bfon] klg c+lusf/ ub}{ uPsf 5g\ .

e}/j gfr cf7 jif{kl5

dWok'/ lydL . ljut cf7 jif{b]lv /f]lsPsf] dWok'/ lydLsf] e}/j gfr o; jif{ k|bz{g ug{ nfu]sf] 5 . dWok'/ lydLsf s'dfn] -k|hfklt_ ;d'bfon] k|To]s jif{ ufO{ hfqfsf cj;/df lgsfNb} cfPsf] gfr cf7 jif{kl5 o; jif{ k|bz{g ug]{ nfu]sf] 5 . :yfgLo efiffdf e}nM KofvF elgg] nf]kf]Gd'v pQm gfr o; jif{ dWok'/ lydL j8f g+= !) sf s'dfggL / t'nfggLsf afl;Gbfn] k|bz{g ug{ nfu]sf] xf] .

ufO{hfqfsf] ef]lnkN6 cyf{t\ ef]nL pQm gfr k|bz{g ul/g] /fli6«o k|hfklt ;dfhsf cWoIf u0f]z/fh k|hfkltn] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] 5 . pgsf cg';f/ rf/ lbg;Dd of] gfr dWok'/ lydLsf ljleGg 7fpFdf a]n'sf k|bz{g ul/G5 . gfrdf e}/j / s'df/L @.@ / Hofk'/ uMrfM Ps u/L hDdf kfFr hgfsf] ;d"x x'G5 . pQm gfrdf nIdLs[i0f k|hfklt / bLks k|hfklt e}/j aGg] ePsf 5g\ . To:t} s'df/Ldf k|]ds[i0f k|hfklt / g/]Gb| k|hfklt / Hofk' uMrfM df >L; k|hfklt aGg] ePsf 5g\ .

:yfgLo a[4x?sf cg';f/ k/fk"j{sfndf lydL If]q e"tk|]t / lkrf;n] gu/jf;LnfO{ b'Mv lbg] / t;f{pg] uy]{ . e"tk|]taf6 d'lQm kfpg 8/nfUbf] d's'6 ;lxt e}/jgfy grfPsf] / pQm gfr b]v]kl5 e"t tyf lkrf;n] b'Mv lbg 5f8]sf] hgljZjf; 5 . of] gfr gf;M BMnfO{ ljz]if k"hf cfhf u/L lz/df l;o' -ljz]if k|;fb_ /fv]/ grfpg] ul/G5 . gu/sf ljleGg P]ltxfl;s gfrx? nf]k x'g] cj:yf /x]sf] cj:yfdf j8f g+= !) sf :yfgLo afl;Gbfn] ;lqmotfdf e}/j gfrn] k'ghL{jg kfpg' ;sf/fTds ePsf] :yfgLo Ho]i7 gful/sx?sf] egfO{ lyof] . dWok'/ lydL gu/kflnsfn] :yfgLo gfrufg tyf snf;+:s[lt ;+/If0fdf Wofg glb+bf cGo gfr klg nf]k x'g] cj:yfdf /x]sf] u'gf;f] klg u/] .

of] klg ;dfrf/ xf]
7"nf] ln+usf] s/fdt

c:jfefljs ?kdf 7"nf] ln+u ePsf Ps hgf cd]l/sL gful/s o;s} sf/0fn] x}/fgL v]lk/x]sf 5g\ . pgnfO{ ;fg k|mflG;:sf]l:yt cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynsf ;'/IffsdL{n] /f]s]/ kfOG6leqsf] c:jfefljs 7"nf] j:t'sf] af/]df ;f]wk'5 u/]kl5 pgL cjfs\ eP .  Go"of]s{sf hf]xg kmfNsgnfO{ ljdfg:yndf ;fg k|mflG;:sf]sf ;'/IffsdL{n] /f]sL ;f]wk'5 ubf{ pgsf] p8fgdf ;d]t s]xL a]/ l9nfO{ ePsf] lyof] .

hf]xg kmfNsg $! sf] ln+u pQ]lht gx'Fbf ( bzdnj % OGr nfdf] x'G5 eg] pQ]lht cj:yfdf !# OGr . ljZjs} ;a}eGbf nfdf] ln+u ePsf kmfNsgn] s]xL 8s'd]G6«Lx?df ;d]t clego ul/;s]sf 5g\ . pgsf] b]j|] lt3|fdf ef/L j:t' em'G8\ofOPsf] yfg]/ oftfoft ;'/Iff k|zf;gsf Ph]G6n] ;fg k|mflG;:sf]af6 Go"of]s{ kms{g] qmddf ljdfg:yndf /f]s]sf lyP .

;'/Iff clwsf/Ln] uf]hLdf s] 5 egL ;f]w] < kmfNsgn] eg], d}n] s]xL 5}g eGbf klg kTofPgg\ . pgn] Tof] c:jfefljs j:t' cfkm\g} ln+u ePsf] hgfPkl5 ;'/Iff clwsf/Lx?n] pgsf] u'Ktf+u k/LIf0f u/]sf lyP h;sf sf/0f pgnfO{ p8fg s]xL l9nf] ePsf] lyof] .

d]/f] ln+u lt3|f;Dd k'Ug] s'/f ;'/Iff k|zf;gsf clwsf/LnfO{ yfxf lyPg . k/LIf0fsf nflu gf+u} a;]kl5 klg pgLx?n] Tof] j:t' eg] km]nf kf/]gg\, kmfNsgn] l6\j6/df l6\j6 u/]sf 5g\ . ;g\ @))# sf] /f]lnª :6f]gsf] ld:6/ lau tfh kfPsf kmfNsg !) jif{sf] x'Fbf g} pgsf] ln+usf] nDafO{ * OGr lyof] . pgsf] ln+usf] cfsf/ 7"nf] x'g'sf] sf/0f j+zh ePsf] pgsL cfdfsf] syg 5 . pgsf] ln+u hGdb} To:t} lyof] . jf:tjdf pgsf] ln+u 7"nf] geO{ ;dfhn] tf]s]sf] dfkb08 7"nf] lyof] . pgn] elgg\, xfdL o:tf] ;dfhdf 5f}+ hxf dflg;x? cfkm\gf] ln+udf cfkm\gf] k'?ifTj b]V5g\ .

hsft / lkmt/f

/dhfg dlxgfdf hsft / lkmt/fsf] rng 5 . sdfPsf] ;DklQ –wg, bf}nt, ;'grfFbL, a}+s Aofn]G;_ af6 @=% k|ltzt hsft ltg'{ kg]{ wfld{s k|rng 5 . cfDbfgL ug{ yfn]sf] Ps jif{kl5 wgL d'l:ndn] hsft lbg] wfld{s Joj:yf 5 . ;ft tf]nf ;'g jf ;f9] %@ tf]nf rf}bL a/fa/sf] ;DklQ x'g]sf nflu hsft clgjfo{ x'G5 . /f]hfdf g} hsft ltg'{ kg]{ clgjfo{ geP klg ;f]xL dlxgfdf hsft ltl/G5 lsgeg] /dhfg dlxgfdf hsft lt/]df Ps a/fa/ &) kfOg] ljZjf; 5 .

lkmt/f klg /dhfg dlxgfdf dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . lkmt/f cyf{t\ O{Zj/sf] gfpFdf k|To]s d';ndfgn] ug'{ kg]{ ev{/} hlGdPsf] aRrfb]lv j[4 j[4f;DdnfO{ lkmt/f clgjfo{ 5 . aRrfb]lv a"9f;d]t ;a}df lkmt/f nfu" x'G5 . lkmt/f afkt b'O{ s]hL $% u|fd cgfh jf To; a/fa/sf] /sd ;a}n] bfg ug'{ kg]{ Joj:yf O:nfd wd{df 5, g'/fgL eG5g\, b'O{ s]hL $% u|fd ux'Fsf] d"No a/fa/sf] /sd lbg' kg]{ rng 5 .

lkmt/f /f]hf z'? ePb]lv Obsf] gdfh k9\g] a]nf;Dddf ltl/;Sg' k5{ . ptf hsft eg] jif{ lbgdf hlxn] lb+bf klg x'G5 . lkmt/f /f]hfsf] a]nf clgjfo{ 5, df}nfdf g'/fgL eG5g\, ul/j, cgfy, dlxnf, afnaflnsf ;a}n] ;dfg ?kdf dgfpg ;s"g\ eg]/ /dhfg dlxgfleq} lkmt/f ltg'{kg]{ clgjfo{ Joj:yf ul/Psf] xf] . ul/j cgfy, afnaflnsf, dlxnf ;a}n] gofF sk8f nufpg kfpg, Obsf] v'lzofnL ;a}sf] 3/df k'Ug ;sf];\ ;a}n] /fd|f] / dL7f] vfg kfpmg\, /fd|f] nufpg kfpm\g eg]/ g} lkmt/f clgjfo{ ul/Psf] xf] .

df}nfgf g'/fgLsf cg';f/ lkmt/fsf] /sd ltg{ clgjfo{ 5 . jfln+u dlxnf / k'?if dfq} /f]hf a:g' clgjfo{ 5 . gfjflnu / czQmnfO{ /f]hf a:g / gdfh k9\g clgjfo{ 5}g . dlxgfjf/L z'? ePkl5 dlxnfn] clgjfo{ /f]hf a:g' k5{ eg] k'?ifdf of]}jgkgf cfPkl5 a:g clgjfo{ 5, g'/fgL eG5g\, clgjfo{ geP klg /x/n] gfjflnu klg /f]hf a:g] u/]sf 5g\ .

/h:jnf kL8fbfos lbg x6\g]5g\

– pd]z cf]emf

/h:jnfdf clwsf+z dlxnfn] cfkm\gf] hLjgsf] s'g} Ps cj:yfdf jf ;+w} kL8f dx;"; u5{g\ . kL8f c;Xo x'g ;S5 / kL8f ;a}nfO{ Psgfzsf] x'Fb}g . t/ w]/}h;f]n] tNnf] k]6df P]7g dx;"; ub{5g\ . lrlsT;f lj1fgn] o;/L /h:jnfdf tNnf] k]6 b'Vg'nfO{ l8:d]gf]l/of eg]sf] 5 .

l8:d]gf]l/of x'g] u/]sf] 5 eg] /h:jnf cjlwdf jf /h:jnfeGbf s]xL lbg klxnf]b]lv s]xL lbg kl5;Dd dlxnfnfO{ xNsf jf rsf]{ ?kdf k]6 b'Vg] ub{5 . s;} s;} dlxnfn] s'g} vf; pd]/df dfq /h:jnf x'Fbf  tNnf] k]6 b'v]sf] cg'ej u5{g\ eg] s]xL dlxnfn] /hgf]j[Q;Dd kL8fbfos cjlw cg'ej ug'{ kg]{ afWotf x'G5 . kL8f jf P]7g /h:jnfsf] klxnf] lbg z'? eP/ To;} lbg ;dfKt x'g]b]lv /h:jnf z'? x'g] lbgsf] Ps xKtf klxn]b]lv /h:jnf ;lsPsf] Ps xKtf kl5;Dd klg x'g ;S5 .

/h:jnf cjlwdf k|f]:6fUnflG8G; gfds tTjsf] pTkfbg a9\5 . k|f]:6fUnflG8G; k|fs[lts tTj xf] . h;nfO{ kf7]3/sf] lqsf sf]ifn] pTkfbg u5{g\ . ;fy} z/L/sf] cGo efudf klg o;sf] pTkfbg x'g] ub{5 . k|f]:6fUnflG8G;n] kf7]3/nfO{ v'DRofpg] ub{5 . h;n] kL8f pTkGg x'G5 . k|f]:6fUnflG8G;n] ubf{ 6fpsf] b'Vg], afs\jfsL nfUg], jfGtf x'g] / emf8fkvfnf klg x'G5 . k|f]:6fUnflG8G;sf] clws pTkfbgsf] cy{ dlxnfnfO{ clws kL8f dx;"; x'g' xf] .

u|fdL0f jf zx/L If]qdf h'g;'s} hLjg:t/sf dlxnfn] /h:jnfdf tNnf] k]6 b'Vg] cg'ej u5{g\ . l8:d]gf]l/ofnfO{ k|fOd/L / ;]s]G8«L u/L b'O{ ju{df /fv]/ ljZn]if0f ul/G5 . k|fOd/L l8:d]gf]l/of o'jf dlxnfdf b]lvg] Ps ;fdfGo ;d:of xf] . /h:jnfsf] z'?cftdf tNnf] k]6df kL8f pTkGg x'G5 / Tof] 5f]6f] cjlwsf] x'G5 eg] To;nfO{ ;fdfGotof k|fOd/L l8:d]gf]l/of elgG5 . b}lgs lqmofsnfkdf c;/ k/] klg dlxnfn] k|foM k|fOd/L l8:d]gf]l/of hgfp ub}{gg\ . kL8f rfF8} ofjt x'g] eP klg s;}nfO{ Ps k6s c;Xo kL8f x'G5 t/ clwsf+zn] xNsf kL8f dx;"; ub{5g\ .

klZrdL d'n'sdf t /h:jnfdf xfd|f] h:tf] afg]{ k/Dk/f geP klg kL8fn] ubf{ lj>fd ug]{ k|rng /x]sfn] o; k|lqmofnfO{ pTkfbgdf k/]sf] c;/;Fu hf]8]/ ljZn]if0f ul/G5 . cd]l/sL ;dfhdf ul/Psf] Ps cWoogsf] lgisif{ cg';f/ l8:d]gf]l/ofn] ubf{ jflif{s ^) s/f]8 306f pTkfbgd"ns sfo{df afwf pTkGg eO{ pTkfbgdf b'O{ cj{ 8n/ gf]S;fg x'G5 .

j}1flgsn] l8:d]gf]l/ofsf] d'Vo sf/snfO{ lgzfgf agfP/ dlxnfnfO{ ;xh /h:jnf dx;"; u/fpg 7"nf] :t/df cg';Gwfg ul//x]sf 5g\ . o;} qmddf nIf0fnfO{ xf]Og ls sf/0fnfO{ 7Ls kfg]{ u/L Ps cf}iflw agfOPsf] 5 . To; cf}iflwsf] bf];|f] r/0fsf] k/LIf0f ;~rfng ul/Psf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf] ;fg k|mfgl;:sf]df oxL dfr{df a;]sf] cd]l/sg s]ldsn ;f];fO6Lsf @#(cf}+ jflif{s j}7sdf o; cf}iflwsf] k|efjsfl/tf af/] rrf{ ul/of] . cd]l/sfsf] e]lG6of sDkgLn] of] cf}iflw agfP/ k/LIf0f ul//x]sf] 5 .

e];f]k|]l;g xdf]{gsf] dfqf l8:d]gf]l/of cjlwdf a[l4 x'g] / o;}n] kf7]3/ ;+s'rg Nofpg] tyf cufl8 ;fb}{ e]lG6ofn] e];f]k|]l;g xdf]{gnfO{ lgolGqt u/]df l8:d]gf]l/ofaf6 /fxt lbnfpg ;lsg] eg]sf] 5 . k|f]:6f]UnflG8G;df klg j}1flgs Wofg s]lGb|t /x]sf] 5 . e]lG6ofn] rSsLsf] :j?kdf cf}iflw ljsl;t u/]sf] 5 . o;sf] klxnf] k/LIf0fn] of] yk k/LIf0fsf nflu ;'/lIft /x]sf] b]vfPsf]n] g} bf];|f] r/0fsf] k/LIf0f cd]l/sf / lj|6]gdf eO/x]sf] 5 . ;g\ @)!) sf] cGt;Dd bf];|f] k/LIf0fsf] glthf cfO;Sg] 5 / To;kl5sf k/LIf0fdf klg v/f] plqPdf cfufdL rf/ jif{df of] cf}iflw ahf/df NofOg] 5 .

;fdfGotof /h:jnf klxnf]k6s ePsf] tLg jif{kl5 k|fOd/L l8:d]gf]l/of x'G5 t/ o;sf] nIf0f /h:jnf z'? ePsf] ^ dlxgfkl5 b]lvg yfN5 . ;]s]G8«L l8:d]gf]l/of /h:jnfeGbf s]xL lbg klxn] z'? eP/ /h:jnfkl5 s]xL lbg;Dd hf/L /xG5 . /h:jnfsf] a]nfdf /ut k"/} aflx/ gcfO{ leq km}lnP/, kf7]3/df df;' knfP/ of}g /f]u cflbn] ;]s]G8«L l8:d]gf]l/of x'g] atfO{G5 .

/IffaGwgsf] dxTj

– 8f= df]xg ltdlN;gf

g]kfndf lxGb"wdf{jnDaLsf] afx'No ePsf sf/0f oxfF j}lbs dfGotfsf] ;jf]{kl/ :yfg /x]sf] 5 . To; afx]s oxfF af}4, O:nfd, lqmlZrg h:tf cGo wd{sf] klg oyf:yfgdf cf–cfkm\g} dxTj /x]sf] 5 . To;}n] cfhsf] g]kfn wd{lg/k]If /fi6« aGg k'u]sf] 5 . wfld{s / ;f+:s[lts x]/fOdf cg]stfdf Pstf g} g]kfnL ljz]iftf ag]sf] 5 . g]kfndf k|To]s dlxgf cog / Ct'x?df s'g} g s'g} kj{ jf ;+:sf/ ljz]if kj{x? kl/g} /xG5g\ . To; dWo]sf] >fj0f z'Sn kIfsf] k"l0f{df ltlydf dgfOg] kj{sf] gfd >fj0fL pkfsd{, /IffaGwg jf /fvLsf gfdn] kl/lrt of] kj{ ;+:sf/ kj{sf ?kdf klg k|rlnt 5 .

j}lbs dfGotf / k/Dk/f cg';f/ …låhÚ ju{sf nflu j]bfWoog k|d'v / clgjfo{ sfo{ xf] . To;sf] cefjdf a|fXd0f ju{sf] hLjg ck"0f{ / lj;Ët aGb5 . k/fk"j{ ;dodf j]bf/De ;donfO{ pkfsd{sfn eGg] rng lyof] . o; k|sf/sf] pkfsd{ Cs\ oh', ;fd / cyj{j]bLx?sf nflu 5'§f5'§} ?kdf :jLsf/ ul/Psf] kfOG5 . j]bf/De jf pkfsd{sfn CUj]bLx?sf nflu >fj0f z'Sn kIfdf kg]{  @& dWo] >j0f gIfqsf] lbg pQd dflgYof] . z'Sn oh'j]{bfWofoLx?sf lgldQ >fj0f z'Sn kIfsf] k"l0f{sf ltlydf j]bf/De ug'{ pQd 7flgG5 . ;fdfj]bfWofoLx?sf nflu eg] efb| z'Sn kIfsf] x:tf gIfq k/]sf] lbgnfO{ pQd dflgG5 . To:t} cyj{j]bLx?sf nflu eg] of] pkfsd{sf] k||f/De ;fpg jf ebf} dlxgfsf] k"l0f{df ltlydf ug]{ k|rng /x]sf] af}l4s Oltxf;n] ls6]/} pNn]v u/]sf] 5 .

ljleGg Clifd'lgsf] k"hf;lxt z'? ul/g] pkfsd{ ;"o{ blIf0ffogsf] z'? jf ljz]iftM k'if jf df3 dlxgfdf pT;h{g jf ;dflKt ug]{ k|rng j}lbs k|f/Dk/fdf lyof] . cfhsf] ;dodf k|rlnt /IffaGwg / /fvL pkfsd{ / pT;h{gsf] ;dGjo jf ldl>t ?k xf] .

>fj0fL pkfsd{sf] z'? klg Clifk"hfaf6 ul/g] / cfhsf] /IffaGwg / /fvLsf] z'? klg c?GwtL ;lxtsf uf}td cflb ;KtClifsf] k"hfaf6 z'? ul/g] ePsfn] /IffaGwg / /fvL pkfsd{s} csf]{ gfd aGg uPsf] xf] . df3 jf k'if dlxgfsf] /f]lx0fL gIfqdf gbLlt/df uP/ pT;h{g ug'{ kg]{ x'G5, To;}n] j}lbs k/Dk/fsf] pkfsd{ / /IffaGwgdf Ps?ktf /x]sf] :ki6 x'G5 . oxL pkfsd{sf ;DaGwdf wd{ l;Gw'df sy+ sbflrt kl5 pT;h{g sfo{ ug{ ;Dej gx'g] xf] eg] pkfsd{ ubf{ x'G5 elgPsf] 5 . o;af6 /IffaGws / pkfsd{ Ps csf{sf kl/k"/s x'g\ eGg] k|df0f ldNb5 . o; kj{df ClifnfO{ tk{0f x'g] ePsfn] Clif tk{l0f klg egL ePsf] xf] . ;du| b'Mv kL8faf6 /Iff ug{ wfuf] jf 8f]/f] afFrg] ePsfn] /IffaGwg, gofF o1f]kljt / k'/fgf hg}nfO{ dGqåf/f kljq ul/g] ePsfn] hg}k"l0f{df, ;fpg dlxgfsf] k"l0f{df ePsfn] >fjl0f k"l0f{df / SjfF6L vfg] ePsfn] SjfF6L k'lGg cflb ljleGg gfdn] pkfs{nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug]{ g]kfnL ;+:s[lt xf] . ljz]iftM cfhsf] g]kfndf of] kj{ /IffaGwgsf gfdn] kl/lrt ePsfn] To;}n] rrf{ k|f;lËs xf]nf .

pkfsdn] h;/L rf/} j]bsf cWo]tf ju{nfO{ ;d]6]sf] 5, To;}u/L /IffaGwgsf ;DaGwdf klg rf/} ju{sf] rf8 xf] eGg] pNn]v kfOG5 . o;nfO{ lg0f{o l;Gw'n] o;/L cYof{Psf] 5– ;Dk"0f{ dfgj ;dfhn] cf–cfkm\g ;fdYo{ cg';f/ ljlwk"j{s /IffaGwg afFWg' kb{5 . k"l0f{dfsf] pbo 5 38LeGbf a9L ePsf] lbgnfO{ zf:qn] /IffaGwgsf] lbg eg]sf] 5 . /IffaGwgsf ;DaGwdf w]/] k'/f0fdf pNn]v kfOG5 .

/IffaGwgsf] ljlw ljwfgaf/] klg k"jL{o zf:qLo dfGotf cg';f/ cg]sg cledt kfOG5g\ . lg0f{o l;Gw'df elgPsf] 5– 3/sf] dfFemdf ufO{sf] uf]j/n] lnk]/ rf/sf]0f agfP/ sf]0fsf] aLrdf hnk"0f{ 38f /fvL To; 38fdf yfnL /fv]/ To;}df ;KtClifsf] yfkgf u/L cfXjfg ul/of];\ . ufO{sf] uf]j/sf] pNn]v k"jL{o bz{gdf oqtq kfOG5 . To:t} k"0f{snzsf af/]df k"jL{o jfª\dosf] cflbdu|Gy CUj]bdf elgPsf] 5– x] j?0f ?k cflbTo Û ltdLn] xfdL dfly bofefjåf/f xfd|f] dWoefud tyf cfwf efudf h]–h:tf aGwgx? 5g\, tL ;a}af6 d'Qm u/fO{ b]p . cfo{x?n] hnk"0f{ snznfO{ z'elrGts dfGb5g\, lsgls hnk"0f{ snz a?0fsf] k|tLs xf] . oL ;a} dtnfO{ ;d]6]/ Ps} 7fpFdf /fVbf k"jL{o bz{gsf] lgisif{ cljl5Gg ?kdf cf/f]Uo k|fKt ug{sf nflu /IffaGwg afFlwg] k/Dk/f /x]sf] xf] . cflzjf{bsf k|tLssf ?kdf d+un k|fKt ug{ cflzjf{b lbg nfos clwsf/L jf bfgkfq eflgh, k/f]lxt jf a|fXd0fåf/f /IffaGwg afFWg] rng /lx cfPsf] 5 .

/f]kfO{ ;s]kl5 dn Û

la/f6gu/ ÷ s[ifsx?n] /f]kfO{+ ;Sg} nfUbf lj/f6gu/l:yt s[lif ;fdu|L sDkgL lnld6]8df l8PkL dn cfPsf] 5 . k"jf{~rfnsf nflu ;/sf/n] dufPsf] cg'bfgsf] l8PkL dn cfpg yfn]sf] xf] . cfO{kLPn dfkm{t dufOPsf] @ xhf/ % ;o #) d]l6«s 6g cyf{t\ %& xhf/ ^ ;o af]/f dn k"jf{~rn / dWodf~rnsf dxf]Q/L / l;Gw'nLdf k7fOg] ;f] sfof{non] hgfPsf] 5 . ut jif{ ! xhf/ ^ ;o ?k}ofFk|lt af]/fdf ljqmL ul/Psf] l8PkL dn o; jif{ eg] @ xhf/ ?k}ofFdf ljqmL ul/g] ePsf] 5 . s[ifsx?n] wfg /f]Kg' cl3 l8PkL dn 5g]{ u/]sf 5g\ eg] /f]kfO{sf] b'O{ ;ftf kl5 o'l/of 5g]{ ub{5g\ . /f]kfO{sf] tof/L ug'{ cl3 g} 5g'{ kg]{ l8PkL dn /f]kfO{ l;l4Pkl5 cfPsfn] 5g'{sf] cf}lrTo gePsf] lhNnf s[lif ljsf; sfof{non] df]/ªn] hgfPsf] 5 .

cg'udg /fd|/L gx'Fbf pkef]Qmf 7lu+b}

sf7df8f}+ ÷ pkef]Qmfsf] clwsf/ / lxt;Fu ;DalGwt ljleGg cg'udgdf sfo{x? cf}krfl/stfdf dfq ;Lldt /x]sf] wf/0ff pkef]Qmf xslxt clwsf/jfbLx?n] JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . pkef]Qmfx? cflv/ slxn];Dd 7uL /xg] xf] < /fli6«o of]hgf cfof]un] ! jif{ cl3 tof/ u/]sf] cg'ug dfu{ lgb]{lzsfsf af/]df 5nkmn ug{ cfof]lht sfo{qmddf pxfFx?n] cg'udgaf6 pknlAw xfFl;n x'g ;s]sf] u'gf;f] klg kf]v]sf 5g\ .

cg'udg ug]{dfly klg cg'udg x'g'kg]{, df};dL cg'udgsf] ;§f lgoldt / k|efjsf/L cg'udg x'g'kg]{, pkef]Qmf ;DaGwL Pg]x?sf] sfof{Gjog x'g'kg]{ / pkef]Qmfx?sf] xs clwsf/ ;+/If0f ug'{ kg]{ jQmfx?sf] egfO{ lyof] . To;avt pkef]Qmf lxt ;+/If0f d~rsf dxf;lrj Hof]lt aflgofFn] oftfoft, lzIff, c:ktfn nufotsf ;a} If]qdf sfg"gåf/f sfd cTolws dfqfdf eO/x]sf] atfpg' eof] .  /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]usf ;b:o uf}/L k|wfgn] pkef]Qmf lxt / clwsf/ ;DaGwL ph'/LnfO{ ;DalGwt lgsfon] l56f] 6'+uf] nufpg' kg]{ pNn]v ug'{ eof] .

lkPnPsf] /fli6«o ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt u7g

sf7df8f}+ . hgo'4, hgcfGbf]ng, dw]z cfGbf]ng tyf ;a} k|sf/sf cfGbf]ng Pj+ qmflGtaf6 k|fKt ;+ljwfg;ef rf/ jif{ sfo{sfn k'lu;Sbf klg g]kfnL hgftfsf] rfxgf cg';f/sf] gofF ;+ljwfg lbg g;sL cj;fgsf] l:yltdf k'Uof] . oltv]/ g hgk|ltlglw– d"ns ;+:yf 5, g hg–cg'df]lbt ;/sf/ 5 . b]zdf Jofks e|i6frf/ Pj+ c/fhs l:ylt 5 . of] ;+j}wflgs Pj+ /fhgLlts l/Qmtf Pj+ cGof}nsf] l:yltdf b]znfO{ hgtfn] rfx]sf] gofF ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f ub{} /fhgLlts / ;+j}wflgs lgsf; lbg' cfh ;a}sf] st{Jo x'g cfPsf] 5 . To;df klg sfg"g Joj;fosf] If]q o; ;Gbe{df cem dxTj /fVg] If]q xf] .

oxL kl/j]znfO{ cfTd;ft\ ub{} ;du| Gofosf] If]qdf b]lvPsf ljs[lt lj;+ultnfO{ ;d]t cGTo ug{ sfg'g Joj;foLsf] k]zfut xslxtsf] ;+/If0f ug{ Pj+ cfd"n kl/jt{gsf/L b]zeQm k|ultzLn sfg'g Joj;foLnfO{ j[xt\?kdf uf]naGb ug{ cfjZos ePsf]n] k|ultzLn sfg"g Joj;foL ;+u7g -lkPnP_ u7g ug{ cfjZos k/]sf] xf] . oxL p2]Zosf ;fy @)^( >fj0f ^ ut] a;]sf] k|ultzLn tyf b]zeQm sfg"g Joj;foLx?sf] j[xt\ /fli6«o e]nfn] Ps k|ultzLn sfg"g Joj;foL ;+u7g -lkPnP_ /fli6«o ;Dd]ng cfof]hs ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . clwjQmf Ps/fh e08f/Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf u7g ePsf] $% ;b:oLo pQm cfof]hs ;ldltdf xfn b]ze/sf ljleGg cbfnt af/ OsfO{;Fu cfa4 $# hgf clwjQmfx? ;b:o /x]sf 5g\ .

xfn /x]sf ;b:ox?df ;"o{ e08f/L -s}nfnL af/f_, /fdaxfb'/ s];L -s}nfnL_, dbg kf]v/]n -t'N;Lk'/_, clg?b| lu/L -bfª_, s[i0fnfn e§/fO{ -g]kfnu+h_, afns[i0f a/fn -kf]v/f_, t]haxfb'/ s6'jfn -df]/ª_, x/]/fd ltjf/L -ndh'ª_, k]|d l3ld/] -df]/ª_, a}s'07 bfxfn -pbok'/_, /fdaxfb'/ yfkf du/ -kf6g_, gf/fo0f k|;fb clwsf/L -g'jfsf]6_, b'uf{k|;fb ltjf/L -wflbª_, pd]z uf}td -;jf{]Rr af/_, /ljg ;'j]bL -;jf{]Rr af/_, k'0ok|;fb vltj8f -;jf{]Rr af/_, nIdLk|;fb kf]v/]n -sf7df8f}+_, ef]h/fh ;'j]bL -nlntk'/_, ;f]letnfn b]zf/ -nlntk'/_, b]j]Gb| cfªb]Da] -nlntk'/_, ;lugf zfSo -nlntk'/_, v8\uaxfb'/ /fO{ -nlntk'/_, lbdf]b >]i7 -nlntk'/_, d]3gfy vgfn -a'6jn_, lhaL cfrfo{ -nlntk'/_, /f]daxfb'/ yfkf -nlntk'/_, b'n{es'df/ k'g -/f]Nkf_, /fdrGb| cfrfo{ -kf6g_, ljg]z >]i7 -kf6g_, sdn k|;fb kf]v/]n -kf6g_, lzj/fh ;'j]bL -kf6g_, lbnLk g}/fdl;+ wfdL -kf6g_, k|]d yfkf -kf6g_, /fds'df/ cfrfo{ -kf6g_, g/axfb'/ v8\sf g/]z -kf6g_, xl/axfb'/ v8\sf -kf6g_, slkn kf]v/]n -kf6g_, xl/Gb|k|;fb /fO{ -kf6g_, s]bf/ u'/fufO{+ -kf6g_, lvdfgGb clwsf/L -nlntk'/_, e/t ;'j]bL -nlntk'/_ / wg~ho clwsf/L -kf6g_ /x]sf 5g\ .

of;f{u'Dafsf] d"No a9\of]

aemfª ÷ ax'd"No h8La'6L of;f{u'Daf k|lts]hL @) nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ljqmL ePsf] 5 . sf7df8f}+af6 cfPsf s]xL 7"nf Jofkf/L / :yfgLo Jofkf/Ln] of;f{u'Daf ;+sngaf6 k|lts]hL !& nfvb]lv @) nfv ?k}ofF;Dd lt/]/ vl/b ul//x]sf 5g\ . ut jif{ o;} l;hgdf aemfªdf of;f{u'Daf k|lts]hL ^ nfvb]lv cf7 nfv ?k}ofF;Dddf ljqmL ePsf] lyof] . o;kfnL PsfPs k|lts]hL @) nfv ?k}ofF;Dd ljqmL ePkl5 aemfªLn] dfq $) s/f]8 ?k}FofeGbf dfly cfDbfgL ug]{ cg'dfg ul/Psf] r}gk'/ dofgfsf lji0f' af]xf]/f atfpF5g\ .

of;f{u'Daf aemfªsf] lxdfnL If]q ;'df{, bf}nLrf}/, sfF8f, l/n', bfFtf]nf, wd]gf, ;'lgsf]6, r}gk'/, n]vufpF ;}gk;]nf, bxau/ nufotsf :yfgdf kfOG5 . oL 7fpFdf cem} klg of;f{u'Daf ;+sngsf] sfd eO/x]sf] 5 . Ps hgfn] rf/ ;ob]lv cf7 ;o uf]7f;Dd of;f{u';Daf ;+sng u5{g\ . of;f{u'Dafsf] d"No cfsfl;Pkl5 5f]6f] ;dod} aemfªjf;Lsf] cfly{s cj:yf plSnPsf] 5 . kf]xf]/sf] eGbf w]/} d"No kfPkl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbfsf] cfly{s cj:yfdf lgs} dfly cfPsf] 5 .

kfFr /]S6/sf] e"sDkn] Ps hgfsf] Hofg lnof]

bfr'{nf ÷ g]kfnsf] bfr'{nf lhNnf / cf;kf;sf If]qdf ;fpg !# ut] % /]S6/ :s]nsf] e"sDk uof] . e"sDksf] s]Gb| ljGb' ef/tsf] lky/fu9 lhNnfsf] ;f]jnfdf /x]sf] e"sDk dfkg s]Gb| ;'v]{tn] hgfPsf] 5 . !! ah]/ ## ldg]6df zlQmzfnL e"sDk uPsf] / e"sDksf] wSsf tLg k6s dxz"; ul/Psf] lyof] .

e"sDk cfPsf] a]nf eL/af6 n8]/ bfr'{nf a|Xdb]j ufpFsL ls8Lb]jL sfsL{sf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . ljut @ jif{sf] cjlwdf $ /]S6/ :s]neGbf dflysf & j6f e"sDk uPsf] atfOPsf] 5 .

klZrd g]kfndf !)) jif{ otf 7"nf] e"O{rfnf] guPsf]n] ca o;} If]qdf 7"nf] e"O{rfnf] hfg] ;Defjgf /x]sf] e"sDkljb\x?n] atfPsf] 5 . uf]/vfb]lv klZrdL g]kfndf e"sDksf] hf]lvd a9L /x]sf]n] o; If]qdf 7"nf] e"FOrfnf] hfg ;Sg] vt/f 5 . e"sDkaf6 afFRg ;Sg] pkfo eg] ;j{;fwf/0fn] To;a]nf ckgfpg ;Sg] r]tgf clxn]b]lvg} hfu[t ug'{ cfjZos 5 .

uf];fOFs'08df hg}k"l0f{df d]nf

uf];fOFs'08 ÷ wfld{s Pj+ kljq tLy{:yn uf];fOFs'08df hg}k"l0f{df d]nf eJo ?kdf ;lsPsf] 5 . uf].;fOFs'08df x/]s jif{ ;fpg z'Sn k"l0f{df -hg}k"l0f{df_ sf lbg eJo d]nf nfUg] ub{5 . hg}k"l0f{sf] lbg xhf/f}+ tLy{ofq'n] kljq hn ePsf] uf];fOFs'08df :gfg u/L k'/f]lxtx?sf] xftaf6 gofF hg} km]l/ hg}k"l0f{df kj{ dgfPsf 5g\ . o; jif{sf] s'08 d]nfdf !) xhf/eGbf a9L tLy{ ofq'x?sf] cfudg ePsf] uf];fOFs'08 If]q ljsf; ;ldltsf cWoIfn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . pQ/L /;'jfsf] :ofk|m' uflj; j8f g+= ^ df /x]sf] uf];fOFs'08df aif]{gL hg}k"0f]{sf] cj;/df 7"nf] d]nf nfUg] ub{5 . uf];fOFs'08df lhNnf tyf lhNnf aflx/sf wfld{s ljZjf;sf cf:yfjfgx? nufotsf] 7"nf] ;+Vofdf cfudgdf d]nf e/]sf 5g\ . eujfg lzjsf] af;:yfg /x]sf] uf];fOFs'08df jif{df b'O{ k6s wfld{s d]nf nfUg] ub{5 . h]7 dlxgfdf bzx/f d]nf bz lbg;Dd / ;fpgdf hg}k"l0f{dfsf] cj;/df oxfF nfUg] d]nfn] lhNnfsf] cfly{s ljsf;df ;d]t 6]jf k'Ug] u/]sf] 5 . d]nfsf] cj;/df xhf/f}+sf] ;+Vofdf tLy{ofqLx?sf] cfudg x'g] x'Fbf ;b/d'sfd w'Gr]b]lv 3§]vf]nf, rGbgaf/L, rf]nfªkf6L / uf];fOFs'08df /x]sf] ;of}+ xf]6n vrfvr x'g] ePsf]n] cfly{s ljsf;df ;d]t 6]jf k'Ug] u/]s]f 5 .

s'De]Zj/df bz{gfyL{sf] 3'OFrf]

To;}u/L nlntk'/sf] s'De]Zj/Ldf klg hg}k"l0f{dfsf lbg laxfg}b]lv kf6gl:yt a+unfd'vL s'De]Zj/df bz{gfyL{sf] 3'OFrf] nfu]sf] lyof] . uf];fOFs'08sf] hn s'De]Zj/df cfpg] hgljZjf; /lx cfPsf]n] oxfF ljz]if d]nf nfUg] ub{5 . dWo/ftdf lzjsf] d"lt{nfO{ lems]/ kf]v/Lsf] aLrdf v6 agfO{ ;j{;fwf/0fsf nflu bz{g ug{ /flvPsf] lyof] .

eQmhgn] pQm d"lt{sf] bz{g u/]sf] s'De]Zj/ 6f]n ;'wf/ ;ldltsf cWoIfn] atfpg' eof] . dlGb/df x'g] bz{gfyL{sf] eL8 Joj:yfkgsf] nflu :jod\;]js / hgkb tyf ;z:q k|x/L{ v6fOPsf lyP . bz{gsf nflu sf7df8f}+ pkTosf nufot j/k/sf lhNnfsf dflg; ;d]t cfpg] u/]sf] lyP .

kqsf/nfO{ k]G;g lbOg]

sf7df8f} . kqsf/sf] g t hLjgsf] ;'/Iff 5, g t ;'/lIft eljio g} . To;}n] kqsf/x? cfkm"nfO{ cnkqsf/ x'F eGb} lxF8\g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . t/ ca kqsf/ klg k]G;gsf] Joj:yf x'g] hfgsf/L ;+rf/ dGqLaf6 kfPkl5 v'zL ePsf 5g\ .

;+rf/dGqL /fhlszf]/ ofbjn] kqsfl/tfdf hLjg ;dlk{t u/]sfnfO{ ;/sf/n] k]G;g jf pkbfg Joj:yfkg ug{ nfu]sf] atfPsf x'g\ . o;sf nflu s]Gb|df kqsf/ sNof0f sf]if :yflkt u/L To;af6 sfdsf] yfngL ul/g] af/] 5nkmn yflnPsf] klg pgn] hfgsf/L lbP . dGqL ofbjn] kqsfl/tfnfO{ /fd|/L hLljsf]kfh{g ug{ ;Sg] k]zf agfpg k]G;g / pkbfgsf] Joj:yfdf cWoog yflnPsf] atfP .

ef/tLo sDkgLnfO{ glbg ;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cfb]z

sf7df8f}{ ÷ lqe'jg cGt/f{li6«o ljdfg:ynsf} :t/f]Gglt, ;'wf/ / Joj:yfkg ug{ nufgL af]8{n] ef/tLo sDkgLnfO{ lbg] u/L k7fPsf] kq adf]lhdsf] sfo{ xfn sfof{Gjog gug{ ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] cfb]z lbPsf 5 . ljz]if Ohnf;df /x]sf tLg hgf GofofwLz dWo] b'O{ hgf GofofwLzn] ;f] kq adf]lhdsf] sfo{ xfn sfof{Gjog gug{ cGtl/d cfb]z lbPsf x'g\ eg] Ps hgf GofofwLzn] xfn cGtl/d cfb]zaf6 To;nfO{ /f]s nufpg gkg]{ /fo lbPsf x'g\ .

GofofwLzx? ;'zLnf sfsL{ / ts{/fh e§n] nufgL af]8{n] sfg"g ljk/Lt kq k7fPsf] b]lvPsf] pNn]v u/L To:tf] kq adf]lhdsf] sfo{ xfn sfof{Gjog gug{ cfb]z lbg'ePsf] xf] . o;}u/L GofofwLz /fds'df/k|;fb ;fxn] eg] k|wfgdGqL ;d]tn] ljdfg:ynsf] Joj:yfkg ef/tLo sDkgLnfO{ lbg ;dembf/L kqsf b:tvt eOg;s]sf] pNn]v u/L xfnnfO{ cGtl/d cfb]zaf6 To;nfO{ /f]sL /xg cfjZos gkg]{ hgfpg' ePsf] 5 .

e[s'6L sfuhsf dhb'/ cfGbf]ngdf

lrtjg ÷ e[s'6L sfuh sf/vfgfsf dhb'/n] @) dlxgfb]lv tnj gkfPsf] eGb} cfGbf]ng z'? u/]sf 5g\ . dhb'/ ;+3if{ ;ldltn] sf/vfgf kl/;/ u}+8fsf]6af6 h'n'; lgsfn]/ gf/fo0fu9 k'nrf]sdf sf]0f;ef ug'{sf ;fy} ljleGg lgsfodf a'emfPsf] 5 . g]kfn a}+s dfkm{t e[s'6Ldf Ps cj{ ?k}ofFeGbf a9L C0f k|jfx ePsf] ;+o'Qm ;d:of ;dfwfg tyf ;+3if{ ;ldltsf dhb'/ g]tf x]d/fh vgfnn] atfP .

;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfodf kqfrf/ u/]sf] lyof] . ;fpg @% ut];Dd ;~rfng x'g] klxnf] r/0fsf] cfGbf]ngaf6 dfu k"/f gePsf] ;a} dhb'/ sd{rf/L sf/vfgfsf] sf7df8f}+df /x]sf] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nodf wgf{ lbg hfg] 5 .  sf/vfgfn] @)^& ;fnsf] kmfu'gb]lv pTkfbg aGb u/] klg sf/vfgfdf sfo{/t dhb'/, sd{rf/L / ;'/Iff uf8{ u/]/ #$& hgfn] lj=;+= @)^& ;fn d+l;/otf tnj gkfPsf] ;+o'Qm ;+3if{ ;ldltn] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . rLg ;/sf/sf] ;xof]udf ag]sf] pBf]u @)$( ;fndf lghLs/0f ePkl5 uf]N5f ;d"xn] ;~rfng u/]sf] lyof] . dhb'/x?n] tnj eQm t'?Gt x'g'kg]{ / jLdf / ;~ro sf]ifsf] /sd k"/f bflvnf x'g'kg]{ nufotsf kfFr j6f dfu /fv]/ ;+3ifsf sfo{qmd 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . sf/vfgfdf sfo{/t ljleGg dhb'/ ;+u7gn] ;+o'Qm ?kdf ;~rfng ug]{ cfGbf]ngdf lhNnfsf ;a} bnn] ;dy{g / ;xof]u ug]{ ePsf 5g\ . e[s'6Ln] dlxgfsf] ;/b/ Ps xhf/ %#) 6g;Dd sfuh pTkfbg ub}{ cfPsf] lyof] . k|lt 6g sfuhsf] Go"gtd ^) xhf/ ?k}ofF k5{ . e[s'6Lsf] pTkfbg /f]ls+bf sfuhsf nflu dlxgfsf] gf} s/f]8 ?k}ofF ljb]lzPsf] sf/vfgf ;|f]tsf] egfO{ 5 . dhb'/n] >d sfof{nodf ph'/L lbPkl5 sf/vfgfsf] gfddf /x]sf] %# lj3f hUuf klg /f]Ssf ePsf] 5 .

g]tfx? g} dtbftf aGg rfx]gg\

sf7df8f}+ ÷ lgjf{rg cfof]usf] kmf]6f] ;lxt dtbftf gfdfjnLdf dGqL, k|wfgdGqLb]lv zLif{ g]tfx?n] cfkm\g} gfd 5'6fPsf 5g\ . o:tf g]tfn] lgjf{rg k|lqmofdf dtbftfnfO{ s;/L ;fd]n u/fpnfg\ < dtbftf gfdfjnLdf gfd btf{ gu/fpg] g]tfn] gofF ;+ljwfg;efsf] r'gfj eof] eg] pDd]bjf/ aGg t s], dtbfg ug{ ;d]t kfpg] 5}g . cfof]un] kmf]6f] ;lxt dtbftf gfdfjnLsf] /fli6«o cleofgdf k|d'v /fhgLlts bnsf zLif{ g]tfx¿b]lv k|wfgdGqL afa'/fd e§/fO{ / pgsf dGqLx¿n] ;d]t ;fd]n ePsf /x]5g\ . ToxL sf/0f lgjf{rg cfof]un] tof/ kf/]sf] kmf]6f] ;lxtsf] dtbftf gfdfjnL ;"rLdf pgLx¿sf] gfd e]l6+b}g . sf+u|]; ;efklt ;'lzn sf]O/fnf, dxfdGqL, s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nf, Pdfn] ;lrj o'j/fh 1jfnL, /fk|kf cWoIf kz'klt zdz]/ /f0ff, pkk|wfgdGqL ljho s'df/ uR5bf/, PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLsf g]tf s[i0f axfb'/ dx/f nufot g]tf lgjf{rg cfof]usf] dtbftf ;"rLdf ;d]l6Psf 5}gg\ .

cfof]un] r'gfjnfO{ :jR5, lgikIf / j}1flgs agfpg] eGb} ut jif{af6 kmf]6f];lxtsf] dtbftf gfdfjnL ;+sng cleofgnfO{ j8f tx;Dd k'¥ofO;s]sf] 5 . To;sf] k|rf/–k|;f/df klg df]6f] wg/fzL vlr{Psf] 5 .