jif{ $* cÍ !!, @)^( >fj0f @^ ut] z'qmaf/

sf7df8f}+ ÷ ue{jtL cfdfn] cfkm\gf] aRrfnfO{ sDtLdf b'O{ jif{;Dd :tgkfg u/fpg' k5{ . sltko g]kfnL ;dfhdf ue{jtLn] lauf}tL b"w v'jfpg] k|rng b]lv+b}g . aRrf hGd]sf] Ps 306fleqdf aRrfnfO{ ljuf}tL b"w v'jfpFbf aRrfnfO{ s'kf]if0f, lgdf]lgof nufotsf ;d:ofaf6 hf]ufpg d2t ldNg] x'G5 . ljuf}tL b"w gv'jfpFbf aRrfdf df]6f]kg, dw'd]x, d'6'/f]u h:tf /f]u nfUg ;Sg] vt/f /xG5 . aRrf hGdfP klg zx/df sltko dlxnf aRrfnfO{ cfkm\gf] b"w v'jfpFb}gg\ .

u|fdL0f If]qsf sltko ;d'bfodf ljuf}tL b"w kmfNg] rng /x]sf] 5 . cfdf / aRrf b'j}nfO{ g/fd|f] c;/ ug{ ;Sg] ePsfn] To:tf ;d'bfodf ljuf}tL b"wsf] dxTjaf/] Jofks k|rf/ k|;f/ ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 .

:tgkfgn] aRrfsf] zf/Ll/s zlQm a[l4 x'g] ePsfn] hGdg] ljlQs} :tgkfg u/fpg' k5{ . aRrf hGd]sf] Ps 306fdf cfdfsf] b"w aRrfnfO{ v'jfpgfn] ue{jtLsf] kf7]3/ ;xL cfsf/df Nofpg d2t ldNg] x'G5 . aRrf hGdg] ljlQs} cfdfsf] b"wdf kf}li6s tTj cToflws x'g] x'Fbf ljuf}tL b"w v'jfpg r]tgf clej[l4 ug'{ kg]{ x'G5 . aRrf hGd]sf] 5 dlxgf;Dd 7f]; kbfy{x? v'jfpg gx'g]df hf]8 lb+b} l9nf] u/]/ aRrfnfO{ :tgkfg u/fOg] ;dfhdf ;~rf/ hutn] hfu?stf Nofpg' kg]{ x'G5 .

afn :jf:Yo dxfzfvfsf kf]if0fljb\n Ps ltxfO{ afn d[To'b/sf] sf/0f s'kf]if0f x'g] u/]sfn] :tgkfgdf ljz]if Wofg lbP s'kf]if0faf6 klg aRrfnfO{ hf]ufpg ;lsg] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . ue{jtL dlxnfn] cfkm\gf] cg'xf/df rfp/Lkg cfpF5, :tg cfsf/ lau|G5 eg]/ :tgkfg gu/fpg], u/fO{ xfn] klg rfF8} aGb ug]{ eGb} b"w v'jfP/ s'g} ;d:of gcfpg] atfpg' eof] .

anfTsf/L lzIfsdfly sf/jfxLsf] df+u

l;Gw'nLdf9L ÷ b[li6ljxLg 5fqf anfTsf/ cf/f]k nfu]sf lzIfsnfO{ lhNnf cbfnt l;Gw'nLn] w/f}6Ldf l/xf u/]sf] eGb} cGt/kf6L{ dlxnf ;~hfnn] lj/f]w hgfPsf] 5 . ;~hfnn] b'wf}nL pRr dflj nbfle/sf lzIfs czf]s emfåf/f anfTsf/ ul/Psf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf lj/f]w hgfPsf] xf] . wg'iff ob's'jf uflj;sL !& jifL{of b[li6ljxLg 5fqf s]xL jif{b]lv b'wf}nL pRr dfljsf] b[li6ljxLg sIffdf 5fqfjf;df a;]/ k9\b} cfPsL 5g\ . lzIfs emfnfO{ lhNnf cbfntn] ^% xhf/ ?k}ofF w/f}6L lnP/ s]xL lbg cl3 ;fwf/0f tf/]vdf 5f8]sf] lyof] .

kLl8t 5fqfn] cfkm\g} ljBfnosf lzIfs emfn] cfkm"nfO{ hjh{:tL u/]sf] b'Mv];f] kf]lvg\ . r}t @& ut] lbpF;f] c+u|]hL l;sfO{ lbG5' eGb} lzIfs emfn] 5fqjf;leq k|j]z u/L !@ ah]b]lv ! ah];Dd d'v y'g]/ hjh{:tL u/] . ;'Tg] sf]7fdf emf k|j]z u/L;Fu} a:g] ;fyL csL{ 5fqfnfO{ klg ;dfpg] k|of; u/]sf lyP t/ ;fyL eflug\ .

;~hfnsL pdf sf]O/fnfn] b[li6ljxLg 5fqfnfO{ anfTsf/ ug]{ lzIfsnfO{ ^% xhf/ ?k}Fof lnP/ ;fwf/0f tf/]vdf 5f8\g] cfb]z cbfntn] g;RofP dlxnf clwsf/ vf]Hg ;8sdf pqg] r]tfjgL lbOg\ .

lagf rfns /]n u'8\of]

hgsk'/wfd ÷ g]kfnsf] Ps dfq /]n 7"nf] b'3{6gf x'gaf6 hf]luPsf] 5 . ;xfos rfnssf] nfk/jfxLsf sf/0f ofq' r9]sf] af]uL -l8Ajf_ hogu/ 5f]8]/ /]n OlGhg rfns lag} hgsk'/ cfOk'Uof] . /]nsf ;xfos rfns hubLz vTj] OlGhg rfn" u/]/ ;fdfg /fVg tn em/]kl5 Pc/ k|];/n] OlGhg u'8]sf] /]nj] nf]sf] zfvfsf OlGhlgo/ ;/f]hs'df/ xfyLn] atfP . pQm /]n hogu/af6 ck/fXg # ah] hgsk'/sf nflu cfpg' kg]{ lyof] t/ af]uL 5f]8]/ OlGhg dfq cfPkl5 ofq' hogu/d} 5'6] . hgsk'/–hogu/ /]nj] @( lsnf]ld6/ 5 . /]nnfO{ of] b"/L kf/ ug{ ;fdfGotM c9fO{ 306f nfU5 . t/, rfns / af]uL lagfsf] OlGhg cTolws ultdf rn]sfn] $% ldg]6d} hgsk'/ cfOk'u]sf] lyof] . pQm /]n k|lt306f !) b]lv !@ lsnf]ld6/sf b/n] u'8\5 .

/]nj]df ^ hgf rfns sfo{/t 5g\ . rfnsnfO{ v6fpg] lhDd]jf/L nf]sf] zfvfsf k|d'v xfyLsf] 5 . rfns v6fpg] lhDd]jf/L cfkm\gf] /x] klg /]n rnfpg uP–guPsf] x]g{ sfd cfkm\gf] gePsf] pgn] atfP . ;xfos rfns vTj] laxfg hgsk'/af6 /]n rnfP/ hogu/ uPsf lyP .

xfyLsf cg';f/ OlGhg /f]Sg lns eTsfpg' k/]sf] lyof] . hogu/b]lv hgsk'/;Dd cf7 j6f :j:6]zg 5g\ . OlGhg /f]Sg hgsk'/ :6];gsf k|fljlwsn] lns tf]8]sf lyP . ljgf rfns /]n OlGhg cfO/x]sf] yfxf kfPkl5 k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L / ;'/Iff lgsfosf k|d'v :6]zgdf k'u]sf lyP . OlGhgnfO{ ;'/lIft /f]Sg k|x/L kl/rfng ul/Psf] lyof] . 7"nf] b'3{6gf 6¥of] . lagf rfns /]n OlGhg hgsk'/ cfPsf] yfxf kfPkl5 :yfgLo afl;Gbf klg q:q ePsf lyP .

klx/f]n] 8]9 ;o 3/x? Ifltu|:t

rl/sf]6 ÷ bf]nvfsf] le/sf]6 uflj;df uPsf] klx/fn] @ j6f ljBfno ejg / ^ j6f 3/ k'l/Psf 5g\ eg] sl/j 8]9 ;o 3/x? Ifltu|:t ePsf 5g\ . klx/f]n] le/sf]6 uflj; j8f gDa/ !, @, # / $ df 8]9 ;o 3/df Iflt k'¥ofPsf] 5 . klx/f]sf sf/0f :yfgLo k|Nxfb sfsL{sf] 3/ k'l/+bf pgsL $@ jifL{of >LdtL ;'Gb/L sfsL{ / gfltgL ;GWof sfsL{ 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . klx/f]n] gofFk'n dGynL ;8s k"0f{ ?kdf aGb ePsf] 5 .

k"j{/fhf z}nLdf /fi6«klt ofbjsf] k/fdz{ . bnx? k'/fg} c8fgdf
;fy{s /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] vf]hL hf/L M ;dfwfg cGof]nlt/

sf7df8f+}+ . /fhgLlts lgsf;sf] gfpFdf /fi6«klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjn] lj3l6t ;+ljwfg;efdf k|ltlglwTj ug]{ bnx?nfO{ ;fpg @! ut] laxfg lztn lgjf;df af]nfP/ ;xdltdf k'Ug lbPsf] bjfjn] ;f] k/fdz{df ;fd]n k|wfgdGqL 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] c;Gt'li6 kf]v]sf 5g\ . ax'bnLo Joj:yfdf /fhgLlt ug]{n] ;xdltdf hfg' kg]{ afWotf g/x] klg /fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] ;+j}wflgs l:ylt la;]{/ k"j{/fhfsf] z}nLdf @)$& sf] ;+ljwfg b]zdf nfu" ePem}+ xs{t b]vfPsf]df bnx?aLr klg /fi6«kltsf] cfnf]rgf eO/x]sf] 5 .

;+ljwfg;efsf] cj;fg ePsf] b'O{ dlxgfsf] cjlwdf g]tfx?aLr dtdtfGt/ a9\g' / sf+u|]; tyf Pdfn] kf6L{n] r'gfjdf tTsfn guO{ afa'/fd g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ 9fNg lbPsf] bjfj / lnPsf] c8fgn] ;xdlt x'g g;s]sf] lgSof}{n g]tfx?sf] 5 . oBlk /fi6«klt ofbjn] cfkm"n] cGtl/d ;+ljwfgsf] wf/f $# 6]s]/ ;xdlt u/fpg' bnx?nfO{ cfu|x u/]sf] /fi6«kltsf ;xof]uLx?n] atfpFb} cfPsf 5g\ .

lbjfef]h ;lxtsf] ;f] 5nkmn sfo{qmddf bnsf g]tfx?sf] k'/fg} ;'uf/6fgn] ubf{ ;fd"lxs k/fdz{n] 7f]; lg0f{o lng ;s]g . Pdfcf]jfbLs} zLif{ g]t[Tjn] cfkm\gf] g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ ;+s6df olta]nf k/]sf] a'em\g yfn]sf 5g\ . p;nfO{ ;/sf/af6 x6\g bjfj afx]s sfg"gL cfwf/ s]xL 5}g . sfdrnfp ;+1f lbOPsf ;/sf/nfO{ km]l/ klg sfdrnfp eg]/ sfgdf hf]/n] eGg' afx]s s]xL 5}g . ;xdlt s;sf] gfpdf x'g] < bnx?n] s;nfO{ ;xdltsf] k|wfgdGqL agfpg] / s:sf] gfpFdf ;xdlt x'g] s'/f ue{d}+ 5 . lgjf{rg cfof]un] r'gfj x'g g;Sg] 3f]if0ff u/L cfrf/;+lxtf lkmtf{ lnPkl5 tTsfn r'gfjdf hfg] cj:yf klg km]n ePsf] 5 .  ;+s6sf] pQd lgsf; eg]sf] lgjf{rg g} xf] . ;ft dlxgfsf] ;do lbP/ lgikIf lgjf{rg u/fpg ;s] dfq pQd x'g] bfjL Psflt/ 5 eg] Pdfcf]jfbLn] p;}sf] sf/0f ;/sf/ ;+s6df uPsf] / ;/sf/sf] sfo{z}nLn] Pdfcf]jfbL emGem6df km:g nfu]sf] a'lemG5 . ljb]zL zlQm s]Gb|x?n] cg'lrt rfxgf /fv]kl5 ;/sf/ klg g/fd|/L HoflsPsf] xf] .

dfcf]jfbL / dw]zjfbL u7aGwgsf] of] ;/sf/ Pdfn] / sf+u|];n] b]Vg ;Sb}g To;}n] h;/L eP klg 9fNg nfu]sf] xf] . t/, 9fNg g;Sg] b]v]/ /fi6«kltsf]] 3'sL{ b]vfP/ jf t;f{P/ eP klg afa'/fdnfO{ k\mofFlsg nflu k/]sfx? cl3 kl5 ub}{ ljBfyL{x? k|of]u u/L aGb x8\tfnsf] ;xf/f lnP/ pN6} hgtfnfO{ b'Mv / :jo+ ljBfyL{nfO{ k9fO{af6 al~rt u/]sf] 5 .

;/sf/ 9fNg] s;/tdf dzfn h'n'; / gf/f t 7Ls xfnf t/ rf/–rf/ 306f ljxfgsf] ;dodf aGb cfXjfg u/]/ cf7 ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx?n] ljBfno / sn]hnfO{ g} aGb u/L cfkm\gf] v'§fdf cfkm} a~r/f] xfg]sf] 5 . of] g} sfnLbf; k|jlQ xf] .

k9\g] ljBfyL{x? k9fO{ eGbf a9L g]tfx?sf] rDrf aGg' / k7g kf7g cj/f]w u/]/ …h'g ?vsf] xfFufdf a;]sf] 5 ToxL sf6\g'Únf{ sflnbfg k|j[lQ g} eGg] xf] . ljBfyL{x?n] lglZrt k9fO{ k"/f u/]/ hfFrsf] tof/Ldf h'6\g] a]nfdf o'jf ;+3n] pgLx?nfO{ ;/sf/ agfpg] / lu/fpg] v]ndf nfu]sf] b]Vbf g]kfnL ljBfyL{x?sf] eljio cGwsf/df k'¥ofpg nfluPsf] :ki6 x'G5 . /fhgLlt ug]{x?n] ;xL lg0f{o / a}nfd}+ g]kfnLnfO{ ;+s6af6 kf/ nufpg] sfo{ u/]df ;'/lIft cjt/0f ;fy{s x'g] 5 .

Pdfcf]jfbLdf lhDd]jf/L kl/jt{g

sf7df8f}+ ÷ PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLn] cfufdL !$ df3df kf6L{ dxflwj]zg ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 . kf6L{ g]t[Tj k'iksdn bfxfnn] lnPsf] @) jif{kl5 klxnf] k6s dxflwj]zg ldlt to ePsf] xf] .

Pdfcf]jfbLsf k|jQmf bLgfgfy zdf{sf cg';f/ !$ df3df dxflwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g x'g] / ! kmfu'gdf 3f]if0ff ;ef ug]{ u/L b'O{ ;ftf;Dd dxflwj]zg x'g]5 . dxflwj]zgsf] pb\3f6g !$ df3df x'G5, 3f]if0ff;ef eg] ! kmfu'gdf hgo'4 lbj;sf] cj;/ kf/]/ ul/g] 5 . dxflwj]zgsf] ldlt 3f]if0ff;Fu} lhNnf, /fHo ;ldltsf clwj]zg ;DkGg ul/g] ePsf] 5 eg] zlgaf/af6 tL ;a} ;ldlt cf}krfl/s ¿kdf lj36g eO{ cfof]hs ;ldltdf ¿kfGt/0f ePsf] 5 . !% c;f]h;Dd kf6L{ ;b:otf gjLs/0f, !^ b]lv c;f]h d;fGt/;Dd Onfsf / ufpF clwj]zg, ! sflQsb]lv !% d+l;/;Dd lhNnf clwj]zg / !^ d+l;/b]lv k'; d;fGtleq /fHo ;ldltsf] ;Dd]ng ;DkGg ug]{ of]hgf agfOPsf] 5 . o:t} g]tfx¿sf] lhDd]jf/L x]/km]/ tyf afF8kmFf6 ug]{ sfd ePsf] 5 . o; cg';f/ cWoIf bfxfnnfO{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no tyf pkfWoIfåo 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{ / gf/fo0fsfhL >]i7nfO{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no ;lxt ;/sf/L df]rf{sf] lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] 5 . ;lrj kf]i6 axfb'/ af]u6Ln] klg pkfWoIfåo s} lhDd]jf/L kfPsf 5g\ . ;/sf/df /x]sf cGo dGqLx¿n] klg ;/sf/L df]rf{sf] lhDd]jf/L oyfjt\ /flvPsf] 5 .

tTsfnLg pkfWoIf j}Bn] lnPsf] ;+u7g ljefusf] lhDd]jf/L :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o s[i0f axfb'/ dx/fn] kfPsf 5g\ eg] pgn] ;DxfNb} cfPsf ljb]z ljefudf /fd sfsL{nfO{ NofOPsf] 5 . dw]z Ao'/f] k|d'v lul//fhdl0f kf]v/]nnfO{ k"jL{ Ao'/f]df ;?jf ul/Psf] 5 eg] pmhf{ ljefu x]b}{ cfPsf nLnfdl0f kf]v/]nn] klZrd Ao'/f]sf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf 5g\ . o:t}, zflGtdGqL 6f]kaxfb'/ /fodfemLnfO{ v]ns'b÷pBf]u ljefudf NofOPsf] 5 .  ;+o'Qm df]rf{ / g]tfx¿sf] ;DklQ 5fglag cfof]usf k|d'v clds z]/rg oyfjt\ 5g\ eg] dfcf]jfbL n8fs" x]b}}{ cfPsf jif{dfg k'gnfO{ lzIfs ;+u7gsf] lhDd]jf/Ldf yGSofOPsf] 5 . k|jQmf bLgfgfy zdf{ a'l4hLjL ljefudf ;?jf ePsf] 5g\ . o:t} lgt' rfkfufO{+ ;f+:s[lts ljefudf oyfjt\ g} 5g\ eg] hgfb{g zdf{n] j}B kIfdf uPsf g]qljqmd rGbn] x]b}{ cfPsf] hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf 5g\ . :jgfd ;fyLnfO{ :s'n ljefu, k"j{ n8fs" k|d'v gGblszf]/ / k'gnfO{ n8fs' ;lxt o'jf tyf n8fs" k|jQmf rGb|k|sfz vgfnnfO{ cjwsf] OGrfh{ agfOPsf] 5 .

k|jQmfsf] lhDd]jf/L clUg ;fksf]6f cfPkl5 pgn] x]b}{ cfPsf] tfD;flnª /fHo ;ldltdf ljZjeQm b'nfnnfO{ k7fOPsf] 5 . sf]lrnf /fHo ;ldltsf OGrfh{ xl/af]n uh'/]nnfO{ dw]z Ao'/f] k|d'vsf] lhDd]jf/L lbPkl5 l/Qm :yfgdf uf]kfn ls/fFtLnfO{ ;?jf ul/Psf] 5 . o; cl3 ls/fFt /fHo ;ldlt OGrfh{ /x]sf ls/fFtLsf] :yfgdf nLnf yfkfnfO{ NofOPsf] 5 .  td'jfgsf OGrfh{ lxt/fh kf08]nfO{ s]Gb|Lo sfof{no / tYof+s ljefusf] lhDd]jf/L x]g{ lbOPsf] 5 eg] s]Gb|Lo sfof{nosf zlQm a:g]tnfO{ ;'b"/klZrd OGrfh{df ;?jf ul/Psf] 5 . kf08]sf] :yfgdf eg] ;+3Lotf lj/f]wL kf6L{sf] ¿kdf kl/lrt /fli6«o hgdf]rf{af6 xfn} Pdfcf]jfbL k|j]z u/]sf l8nf/fd cfrfo{nfO{ nluPsf] 5 . o:t}, ldlynf OGrfh{ ljZjgfy ;fx ef]hk'/fdf / ef]hk'/fsf OGrfh{ eLd k|;fb uf}td ldlynfdf cbnL–abnL ePsf 5g\ . ;]tL–dxfsfnLdf n]v/fh e§ oyfjt\ /x]sf 5g\ eg] x]dGt k|sfz cf]nLn] lnDa'jfgsf] lhDd]jf/L kfPsf 5g\ .  yf?jfgsf OGrfh{ xl/eQm sF8]n, g]jfMsf lxtdfg zfSo, e]/L–s0ff{nLsf v8\u axfb'/ ljZjsdf{ / k|jf;sf OGb|df]xg l;Ub]nsf] :yfgdf qmdzM gj/fh ;'j]bL, b]j]Gb| kf}8n–lxl;nf odL, lul/wf/Lnfn Gof}kfg], lji0f'xl/ k|eftnfO{ lhDd]jf/L lbP/ l/Qm :yfg k"lt{ ul/Psf] 5 .

g]kfnL sfFu|]; eft[;+u7g leqsf] ljjfb
c;Gt'i6kIfåf/f 5'§} dxflwj]zg ug]{

sf7df8f . g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 leqsf] ljjfb r'lnb} uPkl5 c;Gt'i6 kIfåf/f 5'§} dxflwj]zgsf] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] 5 . ;+:yfkg kIfn] cfk"mx?nfO{ hfgsf/L g} gu/fO dxflwj]zgsf] ltyLldlt tf]s]sf] cf/f]k nufpFb} ;+3 leqsf $* hgf c;Gt'i6 s]lGb|o ;b:ox?n] 5'§} dxflwj]zgsf] ldlt tf]s]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnL sfFu|];sf] PsLs/0fkl5 nfdf] ;do;Dd g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] dxflwj]zg x'g ;s]sf] lyPg . k|To]s b'O{ b'O{ jif{df x'g'kg]{ dxflwj]zg tLg jif{ k'Ubf klg x'g g;s]kl5 ut r}q % ut] kf6L{n] !)! ;b:oLo tby{ ;ldlt u7g u/]sf] lyof] . pQm tby{ ;ldltn] sfFu|]; eft[ ;+u7g g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3 leqsf] ljjfb emg} r'lnPsf] lyof] . c;Gt'i6 kIfåf/f cfˆgf @* hgf s]lGb|o ;b:osf] /fhLgfdf ;Fu} kf6L{sfof{nod} cg;g a;]kl5 ut h]7 #! ut] tby{ ;ldlt k'gu{7g u/L c;Gt'i6 kIfsf yk jL; ;lxt !@! ;b:oLo sfo{;ldltsf] u7g ul/Psf] lyof] .

g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf cWoIf /l~ht s0f{n] ut ;fpg !* ut] sf7df8f}+sf] b/jf/ xfO:s"ndf Ps kIfLo s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox?sf] e]nf af]nfO{ dxflwj]zgsf] ldlt to u/]sf] c;Gt'i6 kIfn] cf/f]k nufPsf] 5 . ;+3sf cWoIf /l~htn] u/]sf] e]nf Psnf}6L ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} pQm e]nfn] u/]sf] lg0f{o jb/ u/L ;+:yfkg / c;Gt'i6 b'j} kIfsf ljBfyL{x?sf] csf]{ j}7s af]nfP/ dxflwj]zgsf] gofF ldlt 3f]if0ff ug{ c;Gt'i6 kIfn] cfu|x u/]sf] 5 . To;f] gu/] cfk"mx?n] to u/]sf] ldltdf cfˆgf] kIfsf] 5'§} lgjf{rg ug]{ c;Gt'i6 kIfsf ;+of]hs Pj+ s]lGb|o ;b:o Clifs]z h+u zfxn] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf hfgsf/L lbP . ;+of]hs zfxn] tTsfn kf6L{n] x:tIf]k u/L ;+3 leqsf] ljjfb gldnfP cfk"mx?n] ;+:yfkg kIfn] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lgjf{rgdf efu glng] / kf}if !^,!& / !* ut] k;f{sf] jL/u~hdf g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf] dxflwj]zg u/]/} 5f8\g] bfjL u/] . ;+3sf] ;+:yfkg kIfn] cfufdL kf}if @%,@^ / @& ut] emfkf, nfxfg, lj/f6gu/ / sf7df8f}+ dWo] s'g} Ps :yfgdf dxflwj]zg ug]{ 3f]if0ff u/]sf] lyof] .

;+3sf] ljwfg ljkl/t u7g ul/Psf cg'zf;g ;ldlt / lgjf{rg ;ldlt e+u u/L cfk;L ;xdlt / ;+3sf] ljwfg adf]lhd lgjf{rg / cg'zf;g ;ldlt u7g ug'{ kg]{ dfu lj1KtLdf ul/Psf] 5 . ;+3sf] jt{dfg sfo{;ldlt u7g x'g' eGbf klxnf u7g ul/Psf lhNnf / SofDk;x?sf sfo{;ldlt / ;ldltx? vf/]hL u/L k|To]s lhNnf / SofDk;x?df @÷@ hgf gofF s]lGb|o k|ltlglwx? v6fO{ lhNnf / SofDk;x?df clwj]zg ;DkGg ug'{kg]{ dfu lj1KtLdf ul/Psf] 5 . ;+3sf s]lGb|o ;b:o Pj+ ;+of]hs zfxn] kf6L{ g]t[Tj ;dIf Pstfsf] cfu|x ub}{ cfk"mx?sf d'4fsf] ;'g'jfO eP Pp6} dxflwj]zgaf6 g]t[Tj rog ug{ cfk"mx? tof/ /x]sf] pNn]v u/] .

/fli6«otf sdhf]/ ePsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf …hftLotf x}g cflTdotf vf]hf}+, ;fDk|bflostf x}g /fli6«otf /f]hf}+Ú eGg] gf/fsf;fy dxflwj]zgsf] 5'§} ldlt to u/]sf] c;Gt'i6 kIfn] p;sf] /fhgLlts k|:tfjdf lj3l6t ;+ljwfg ;efsf] k'g:{yfkgfsf] ;d]t dfu u/]sf] 5 .

gfl:tssf] of}g hLjg /fd|f]

of}g ;Dks{sf] cfgGb p7fpg] dfldnfdf wfld{s JolQmx?eGbf gfl:ts JolQmx? a9L efUodfgL x'G5g\ . gfl:tss} of}g hLjg t'ngfTds ?kdf /fd|f] x'g] s'/f cg';Gwftfx? o:t} bfjL u5{g\ . wfld{s dgf]j[lQsf JolQmx? of}gn] ;do k|of]u ug{af6 xlRsG5g\ .

cg';Gwftfx? eG5g\, wfld{s JolQmx? ;'?df t of}gsf] gfd ;'Ggf;fy xlRsPh:tf] u5{g\ . ;xjf;sf] gofF ljljw k|of]u u/]/ dg nufpg vf]h] klg pgLx?sf] dl:tisaf6 kfkwd{sf] s'/f x6\b}g / of}g ;Dks{ ul/xfn] klg kl5 ck;f]r hgfpF5g\ . gfl:ts JolQmx? rflx+ v'n]/ of}gaf/] s'/f u5{g\ / To:tf cg'ej Pscsf{;Fu ;f6f;f6 ul//xG5g\ . pgLx? of}g ;DaGwsf] sNkgf u5{g\ / To;nfO{ ;fsf/ kfg{ k|of;/t x'G5g\ . o;df pgLx?n] cfkm\gf] kf6{g/sf] ;xof]u klg kfpF5g\ .

 t/ wfld{s k|s[ltsf JolQmx?n] o:tf] of}gfgGb p7fpg ;Sb}gg\ . pgLx? o:tf] sd{, wd{ / gLlt cg';f/ 5}g eGg] e|ddf al;/x]sf x'G5g\ .  Pp6f cWoog cg';f/ !( k|ltzt ef/tLo lbgx'F of}glqmofdf lnKt x'G5g\ . ;ftfdf tLgb]lv kfFr k6s;Dd of}g ;DaGw ug]{ k'?if / dlxnfsf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 eO/x]sf] 5 . ;j]{If0f cg';f/ of}gsf] ;do @) k|ltzt ef/tLo ;lqmo x'Fbf /x]5g\ . pQm ;j]{If0f Ps xhf/ JolQm;Fu pgLx?sf] of}ghLjgaf/] k|Zg ul/Psf] lyof] . @^ k|ltztn] ;ftfdf b'O{b]lv tLg k6s;Dd of}g hLjgsf] cfgGb p7fpg] atfP . !% k|ltzt rflx+ ;ftfdf Ps, b'O{ dlxgfdf b'O{ k6s dfq of}g ;Dks{ /fVbf /x]5g\ .

leIf' dxf;+3sf] lgjf{rg

sf7df8f}+÷ clvn g]kfn leIf' dxf;+3sf] jflif{s ;fwf/0f;efn] leIf' 1fgk"l0f{s dxf:ylj/sf] cWoIftfdf gofF sfo{;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . ;ldltsf] pkfWoIfåodf leIf' wd{u'Kt dxf:ylj/ / leIf' wd{d"lt{ dxf:ylj/, dxf;lrjdf leIf' sf}08Go, ;lrjdf leIf' /fx'n sf]iffWoIfdf leIf' zf]let /xg' ePsf] 5 .  o:t} sfo{;ldlt ;b:ox?df leIf' zLneb| dxf:ylj/, leIf' el2o, leIf' ;4flt:;, leIf' ;+3/lIft, leIf' k~`f/tg, leIf' ljdnf], leIf' z/0fs+/ / leIf' lk|ob:;L x'g' x'G5 .

g]kfnsf ;+3 dxfgfos leIf' cZj3f]if dxf:ylj/sf] k|d'v cfltYodf ePsf] ;f] ;efdf dxf;+3sf] sfo{ ;DkfbgnfO{ lnP/ ljutdf g]kfnL af}4 ;dfhdf ljleGg c;Gt'li6 r'lnFb} uPsf] cj:yfnfO{ dWogh/ u/L gofF sfo{;ldltn] n'lDagL / a'4wd{sf] ljsf;df 7f]; / of]hgfa4 sfo{ ug]{ nIo lnPsf] 5 .

df]xgljqmd l;++xsf] r]tfjfgL

afUn'ª ÷ g]skf d;fnsf dxfdGqL df]xgljqmd l;+xn] jt{dfg ;/sf/nfO{ ;QfRo't ug{ cfGbf]ngsf] ljsNk gePsf] atfpFb} ef/tLo lj:tf/jfbsf] ;dy{g /x]sfn] PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLsf pkfWoIf afa'/fd e§/fO{ g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ 9fNg csf]{ hgcfGbf]ng cfjZos ePsf] cf}+NofP .

e§/fO{n] ef/tLo / dw]zL bnx¿sf] ;dy{gdf ;Qf l6sfpg vf]h]sf 5g\ . pgn] kqsf/x¿l;t s'/fsfgL ub}{ eg], oxL ;/sf/nfO{ nDAofP/ clwgfosjfb nfb\g] pgsf] dgl:ylt 5 . cfkm"n] 3f]if0ff u/]sf] r'gfj x'g g;Sg] ePkl5 e§/fO{n] ;/sf/ 5f8\g' kg]{ pgn] atfP . …/fhgLlts OdfGbf/L eP e§/fO{n] ;/sf/ 5f8]/ ;xdltsf] kxn ug'{kYof]{,Ú pgn] eg] . cfGbf]ngsf] cfFlwa]/L l;h{gf gu/] of] ;/sf/ nfdf] ;do;Dd l6ls/xg] s'/f atfpg' x'Fb} pxfFn] hgdt ;+sng u/L cfGbf]ng ug{ g;s] ;/sf/sf] cfo' nlDag] lglZrt ePsf] s'/f atfpg' eof] .

ef/tLo afFwn] g]kfnL e"ld 8'afg

g]kfnuGh ÷ cla/n jiff{n] afFs]sf] blIf0fk"jL{ ufpFx¿ 8'afgdf k/]sf 5g\ . /fKtL gbL xf]lnof uflj;df k:bf Ps hgfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] kfFr ;o kl/jf/ lj:yflkt ePsf 5g\ . bfp/f ;+sng ug{ vf]Hbf /fKtL gbLsf] af9Ldf au]/ a]txgL–$ sf #$ jifL{o ef]nf vl6ssf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . pgL;Fu} /x]sf Ps hgf afnssf] ;s'zn p4f/ ul/Psf] 5 .

/fKtL gbLdf ef/tn] lgdf{0f u/]sf] nId0fk'/ afFwsf] w]/} 9f]sf aGb ul/Psfn] gbLsf] kfgL g]kfnL ufpFx¿df l5/]sf] hfgsf/L lbPsf 5g\ . /fKtL gbL ufpFdf k:bf xf]lnofsf 6]k/L, rf}km]/L l;d/xgf ufpF k"0f{ ¿kdf 8'afgdf k/]sf 5g\ . tL ufpFsf tLg ;o kl/jf/ lj:yflkt ePsf] 5 .

xf]lnof / a]txgLsf @@# kl/jf/nfO{ ;'/lIft :yfgdf a:g nufOPsf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf 5 . cGo tLg ;o kl/jf/nfO{ klg ;fg]{ tof/L eO/x]sf] 5 . ef/tLo nId0fk'/ afFw / snsnjf t6aGwsf sf/0f 8'afg ePkl5 afFs]sf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L 9'08L/fh kf]v/]nn] ;LdfjtL{ ef/tLo clwsf/Lx¿;Fu ;Dks{ u/L afFwsf] !$ j6} 9f]sf vf]Ng cfu|x u/]sf] atfpg' eof] . pxfFn] l;dfjtL{ ef/tLo lhNnf ax/fOrsf k|d'v lhNnf clwsf/L lshn l;+xnfO{ kmf]g u/]/ 9f]sf vf]Ng cfu|x u/]sf] hgfpFb} l;+xn] 9f]sf vf]Ng] cfZjf;g lbPsf] klg hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . dWoklZrdsf] k|d'v g]kfnuGh klg jiff{n] hndUg ePsf] 5 . gu/sf Go"/f]8, a]nf;k'/, e[s'6Lgu/, u0f]zk'/, /fdafu, ;NogLafu, 3/af/L6f]n 8'afgdf k/]sf 5g\ .

o;}aLr afFs] gbL xf]lnofsf] klZrd / blIf0f u/L b'O{ tkm{af6 ufpFdf k|j]z u/]sf] 5 . ptf s}nfnLsf] r'xl:yt t/]nf vf]nfn] aufpFbf Ps dlxnfsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 eg] b'O{ hgf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . 3fF; sf6\g uPsL r'xf–( u'/lgofFsL #) jifL{of nlntf h};Lsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . vf]nf tg]{ qmddf PSsf;L cfPsf] af9Ln] h};LnfO{ aufPsf lyof] .

o;}u/L ;f]lx vf]nfn] aufpFbf r'xfs} b'O{ dlxnf 3fOt] ePsf 5g\ . kfgL a9]sf] vf]nf tg{ vf]Hbf sdnf h};L / cDasnf yfkf au]/ 3fOt] x'g k'u]sf] k|x/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . b'j} hgfsf] cj:yf clxn] ;fdfGo /x]sf] 5 .

o;}aLr ags6\6L ^ l:yt /fKtL gbL / 8'8'jf vf]nfsf] aLr efudf /x]sf] :yfgdf z'qmaf/b]lv !^ hgf cnkq k/]sf 5g\ . To:t} slknj:t' ;dfrf/bftfsf cg';f/ ef/tn] ;LdfjtL{ If]qdf agfPsf] tLg j6f 7"nf afFwsf sf/0f lhNnfsf 8]9 xhf/ x]S6/ eGbf a9L e"efu 8'afgdf k/]sf] 5 . ef/tLo afFwx¿ aemfxf, dxnL;fu/ dyL{ demf}nLsf sf/0f v]tLof]Uo g]kfnL e"efu 8'a]sf 5g\ . 8'afgsf sf/0f !& uflj;sf !$ ;oeGbf a9L 3/kl/jf/ k|efljt ePsf 5g\ .

ef/tLo kIfn] /+uk'/ uflj;sf] ;Ldf If]qdf lgdf{0f u/]sf aemxfF afFwsf sf/0f cf7 ;o 3/ kl/jf/ k|efljt ePsf 5g\ . 8'afg If]qdf s]xL lbg cl3 dfq g]kfnL ls;fgn] wfg /f]k]sf lyP . afFwdf /x]sf clwsf+z 9f]sf k"0f{ ¿kdf aGb ul/Psf] 5 . afFw aGb ul/Pkl5 /+uk'/, an'xjf, ltlt{vL, lkk/f, j;Gtk'/, uf}/L uflj; tyf slknj:t' gu/kflnsfsf] s]xL If]q 8'afgdf k/]sf 5g\ . afFwn] au{bjf–efjk'/–k'GgLxjf ;8s cGtu{t kg]{ ^ lsnf]ld6/ ;8s klg cj?4 ag]sf] 5 . bzuhfdf /x]sf g]kfnL h+uL lkn/ g+= %%#, %%$, %%%, %%!, $(! 8'a]sf 5g\ . ;f] afFwn] ubf{ slknj:t' gu/kflnsfsf] df}xl/of, nDtLof tyf uf}/L uflj;sf] e8]x/ / efjk'/, j;Gtk'/sf] nf]x/f}nL, ltltvL{ uflj;sf] /tgk'/, ltltvf{, ax8Lnjf, b/v;jf, ks8L, /+uk'/sf] k'GgLxjf, /hjfk'/, shf{xjf v]tLof]Uo e"efu 8''a]sf 5g\ .

zflGtsf nflu dlxnfx?sf] xft]dfnf]sf] ;lqmotf

sf7df8f}+ . laleGg b]zsf tYof+sx?n] åGåsf] a]nf dlxnf tyf afnaflnsf g} ;a}eGbf kLl8t ePsf] b]vfPsf 5g\ . To;}n] åGåf]Q/ ;dodf ePsf zflGt k|lqmofsf k|of;x?df klg pgLx?sf] e"ldsf dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 eGg] laZjJofkL dfGotf 5 . ;f]xL cg'?k åGåu|l;t tyf zflGt k|lqmofaf6 u'lh|Psf b]zx?sf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{ ;g\ @))) df ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 ;'/Iff kl/ifbn] k|:tfj g+ !#@% kfl/t u/L, sfo{Gjog ug{ o;sf ;b:o /fi6«x?nfO{ k|]l/t u/]sf] ;j{lalbt} 5 .

bzs nfdf] ;z:q 4G4kl5 xfn zflGt k|lqmofdf u'lh|Psf] g]kfndf klg dlxnfsf] cj:yf rf;f]sf] laifo ag]sf] 5 . clzIff / a]/f]huf/L clg sd pd]/df ljjfx ug'{ kg]{ nufotsf sf/0fn] åGåsf] a]nf pgLx?n] rsf]{ df/ v]k]sf lyP eg] lkt[;QfTds d"No dfGotfn] NofPsf ;fdflhs ;d:of ;fdgf ug]{ ;jfndf åGåf]Q/ ;dodf klg pgLx?n] laleGg ;d:of v]Kg' kl//x]sf] 5 . pgLx?n]] ef]Ug' k/]sf ;fdflhs, cfly{s / dfg;ls lx+;f ;Daf]wg u/L zflGt k|lqmofsf x/]s k|of;df cy{k"0f{ kx'Fr k'¥ofpg] cleofgdf ;g\ @))# b]lv zflGtdflnsf -zflGtsf nflu dlxnfx?sf] xft]dfnf]_ ;lqmo /x]sf] cjut u/fpF5f}+ . o;} cGtu{t ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3 ;'/Iff kl/ifbsf] k|:tfj g+ !#@% / !*@) ;+aGwL …/fli6«o sfo{of]hgf @)^&Ú sfo{Gjogsf] nflu g]kfn ;/sf/;Fu xft]dfnf] ug]{ qmddf klg zflGtdflnsfn] cGtlqm{of, tfnLd, Ifdtf clej[l4, cg';Gwfg / cled'vLs/0f nufotsf sfo{qmdx? ul/;s]sf] 5 . zflGtdflnsf, !#@% / !*@) sf] sfof{Gjog /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf pRr:t/Lo lgb]{zg ;ldltsf] ;b:o klg xf] .

o;} ;Gbe{df zflGtdflnsfn] sfo{of]hgf pRr:t/Lo lgb]{zg ;ldlt;Fu k/fdz{ a}7ssf] cfof]hgf u/\of] . sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf] cj:yf lgofNg' / ;kmn sfof{Gjogk|lt k|lta4 x'g' sfo{qmdsf] d'Vo p2]Zo xf] . zflGtdflnsf, cGo dlxnf ;+hfn tyf gful/s ;dfhn] /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogdf lgjf{x u/]sf] e"ldsf / k'/\ofPsf] of]ubfgsf] k|:t'lts/0f ug{ tyf cfufdL sfo{qmdsf af/]df ;ldlt;Fu k/fdz{ ug{sf] nflu sfo{qmd cfo]fhgf ul/Psf] xf] . sfo{qmddf zflGtdflnsf nufot dlxnf clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfd ug]{ laleGg ;+3 ;+:yfx?n] cf–cfkm\gf] sfo{k|ult tyf sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjogsf ;jfndf cfOk/]sf ;d:ofx? k|:t't u/]sf lyP . sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pkk|wfg tyf k//fi6«dGqL gf/fo0f sfhL >]i7n] ;/sf/sf] d'Vo lhDd]af/L g} zflGt k|lqmofnfO{ 6'+uf]df k'¥ofpg] ePsf]n] zflGt k|lqmof ;Da4 x/]s lqmofsnfkdf ;/sf/sf] Wofgfsif{0f eO/x]sf] atfpg' eof] . ;+lawfg gaGg' ;a}sf] nflu b'vb\ s'/f ePklg ;/sf/nfO{ ;fy g5f]8\g u}/;/sf/L ;+:yfx?nfO{ cfu|x klg pxfFn] ug'{ eof] . To;}u/L /Iff dGqfnosf ;lrj dfwj k|;fb /]UdLn] !#@% / !*@) ;+aGwL /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf ;kmn kfg{ zflGt dGqfno / g]kfnL ;]gfsf] lgs6df /xg /Iff d+qfno tTk/ /xg] atfpg' eof] . !#@% / !*@)  sf] sfof{Gjog ;+aGwL /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf pRr:tl/o lgb]{zg ;ldltsf ;b:o ;lrj ;fw'/fd ;fksf]6fn] zflGt k|lqmof df dlxnf ;xefuLtfsf] nflu u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / gful/s ;dfhn] b]vfPsf] pT;fxk|lt uj{ ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . To:t} o'Pg j'dgsL ;+uLtf yfkfn] zflGt k|lqmofsf sfo{qmdx?df dlxnfsf] ;lqmo ;xeflutf / kx'Fr vf]Hg] xf] eg] x/]s lgsfoaLr plrt ;dGjo x'g' kg]{df hf]8 lbg' ePsf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf dlxnf clwsf/sdL{x? zf/bf kf]v/]n, zf]ef uf}td, ;nf]gL l;x+, b'uf{ ;f]a, lk+sL l;x+ /f0ff, lgd{nf 9'+ufgf, lgd{nf zdf{ / alatf a:g]tn] klg af]Ng' ePsf] lyof] . 

!#@% / !*@) ;+aGwL …/fli6«o sfo{of]hgf @)^&Ú pRr:tl/o lgb]{zg ;ldltsf ;+of]hs / ;b:ox? ;+alGwt dGqfnosf ;lrj tyf dlxnf clwsf/sf] If]qdf sfd ul//x]sf ;+3 ;+:yfsf k|ltlglwx?sf] pkl:ylt /x]sf] ;f] sfo{qmd k//fi6«dGqL gf/fo0fsfhL >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ;+kGg ePsf] lyof] .

;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3af6 kfl/t k|:tfj g+ !#@% / !*@) sf] ;kmn sfo{Gjog sf] nfuL g]kfn ;/sf/n] @)^& ;fn df3 !* ut] cfufdL kfFr jif{sf nflu /fli6«o sfo{of]hgf kfl/t u/L nfu" u/]sf] 5 . zflGtdflnsf nufot cGo u}/;/sf/L ;+:yf / gful/s;dfh o;sf ;fem]bf/ x'g\ .

;dln+uL t]>f] ln+uL ;d'bfosf] ;lqmotf

sf7df8f}+ . ;a}eGbf klxnf t]>f] cGt/fli6«o ufO{hfqf dxf]T;jsf] pknIodf ;d:t of}lgs tyf n}lËs cNk;+Vosx?sf] tkm{af6 lgnlx/f ;dfhn] z'e–sfdgf JoQm u/]sf] 5 . of}lgs tyf n}lËs cNk;+Vosx?n] x/]s rf8kj{ pT;fxhgs ;xeflutfsf ;fy dgfpb} cfPsf] 5 . ;dfhdf rln/x]sf] ;+:s[lt hf]ufpgsf nflu o:tf rf8kj{x? dgfO{b} cfO{Psf] xf] . ufO{hfqf g]jf/L ;d'bfosf] Ps dxTjk"0f{ kj{ xf] . k/Dk/fut ?kdf h;n] lat]sf] aif{ kl/jf/sf ;b:o u'dfPsf 5g\ Tof] kl/jf/n] ufO{hfqf lgsfNg] ub{5g\ . elgG5, ljz]ift o; rf8n] JolQmnfO{ ;To :jLsf/ ug{ ;Ifd agfp5 ls …d[To' g} clGtd ;To xf] . dfG5]n] lhpFbf] 5bfF dfq} dfof ddtf ug]{ geP/ d[To' ko{Gt klg p;nfO{ ;lDem/xg] lbgsf] ?kdf klg ufO{hfqf lgsfNg] u/]sf] kfOG5 . ufO{hfqfdf gf6s, xf:o j+Uo / c? k|bz{g u/]/ ;/sf/ / /fhgLlts lgsfosf JolQmx?nfO{ JoUo u/]/ xfGg] ul/Psf] kfO{G5 . %)) aif{ eGbf a9L ;dob]lv /fhf k|tfk dNnsf] kfnfb]lv ufO{hfqf kj{ dgfpg yflnPsf] lsjbGtL /x]sf] 5 .

of}lgs tyf n}lËs cNk;+Vos ;d'bfosf ;b:ox?n] lhpFbf] x'bf t lje]b ef]Ub} cfPsf 5g\ g} d[To' kZrft klg kl/jf/hgn] g;Demg] s6';To 5n{u+} 5 . oxL kL8nfO{ dWogh/ ub}{ lgn lx/f ;dfhn] ;dln+uL t]>f] ln+uL ;d"bfosf] kl/jf/sf] x}l;otn] lb+ju+t ;dln+uL t]>f] ln+uLx?sf] ;Demgfdf ljut !) aif{b]lv ufO{hfqf kj{ dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . o; aif{ ko{6lso gu/L kf]v/fdf ko{6g k|j4{g nufotsf p4]Zo /fv]/ of] aif{sf] ufO{hfqf dgfPsf] xf] .

;dfhdf n's]/ a;]sf] ;d'bfonfO{ ;dfh;Fu kl/lrt u/fpg] d"Vo p4]Zon] ljut !) aif{b]lv lgnlx/f ;dfhn] ufO{hfqf pT;j dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . b]ze/af6 dfq} geP/ of}lgs tyf n}+lus cNk;+Vos ;d'bfo /x]sf ljZje/sf ;d'bfonfO{ b]zsf] ko{6g k|j4{g b]lv wd{, ;+:s[lt, l/ltl/jfh nufotsf af/]df kl/lrt u/fpg ljut tLg aif{b]lv ufO{hfqf dxf]T;jnfO{ cGt/fli6«o ?kdf dgfpFb} cfPsf] 5 . klxnf] cGt/fli6«o ufO{hfqf dxf]T;j sf7df08f}+df ePsf] lyof] eg] bf]>f] lrtjgdf ePsf] lyof] .

g]kfnL ;]gf4f/f p4f/ sfo{ hf/L

sf7df8f}+ . clj/n aiff{sf] sf/0f b]zsf ljleGg :yfgx?df uPsf] afl9klx/f]sf] sf/0f ljrNnLdf k/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfn] ljleGg :yfgx?df p4f/ ug]{ ;fy} klx/f]sf] sf/0f af6f] ca?4 ePsf] 7fpFx?df klx/f] x6fO{ af6f] v'nfpg] sfo{, x/fO{/x]sf JolQmx?sf] vf]hL sfo{ / cfaZostf cg';f/ x]lnsf]K6/ ;d]taf6 p4f/ tyf pkrf/sf] nflu kl/rfng eO{/x]s]f 5 .

aiff{sf] sf/0f 8'jfgdf k/]sf bfË lhNnfsf l;:gLof / lkkl/of uf=lj=;=df kfgLsf] axfj a9]sf] sf/0f cnkq k/]sf JolQmx?nfO{ :yfgLo JolQmx?sf] ;xof]udf p4f/ ul/Psf] / p4f/ ug{ g;s]sf] :yfgsf] nflu  g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Pj'n]6 x]lnsf]K6/ sf7df8f}af6 To;tkm{ k7fO{ ;lsPsf] 5 .

To;}u/L dgfË lhNnfsf] tfn uf=lj=;=sf] vx/] vf]nfdf cfPsf] af9Lsf] sf/0f hf]vLddf k/]sf !%) :yfgLoaf;Lx?nfO{ g]kfnL ;]gfsf] kmf}hn] p4f/ u/L ;'/Iff a]zdf nu]/ /fv]sf] 5 . ;f] dWo l;ls:t 3fOt] ePsf] Ps hgfnfO{ yk pkrf/sf] nflu sf7df8f} Nofpgsf] nflu g]kfnL ;]gfsf] x]lnsf]K6/ To;tkm{ k7fO{ ;lsPsf] 5 .

;fg} pd]/df kfFr k6s ue{jtL

;'v]{t . pd]/ gk'Ub} ljjfx ug]{ / l56f] aRrf hGdfpg] k|j[lQ ePsfn] lax] ug{ ;'emfj lbOPsf] @) jif{sf] pd]/df oxfFsf s]xL dlxnf kfFr k6s;Dd ue{jtL x'g] u/]sf] 5 . ut jif{ dfq @) jif{ d'lgsf 5 ;o lszf]/Ln] aRrf hGdfP . oxfFsf aflnsfx¿sf] sd pd]/df lax] ul/g] ePsfn] sd pd]/df w]/} k6s ;'Ts]/L x'g] u/]sf] 5 . slnn} pd]/df lax] ug]{ ePsfn] oxfFsf dlxnfdf kf7]3/ v:g], 9f8 b'Vg] nufotsf /f]u a9L nfUg] u/]sf] 5 .

gofF kf6L{ u7g

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf dfcf]jfbL qmflGtsf/L, g]skf /fi6«jfbL / g]kfn hg>lds kf6L{ PsLs/0f eO{ g]skf dfcf]jfbL -qmflGtsf/L_ gfds gofF kf6L{ u7g Psf] 5 . gofF kf6L{ u7g;Fu} d+l;/ !% b]lv @! ut];Dd kf6L{sf] Pstf dxflwj]zg ug]{ 3f]if0ff ;d]t ul/of] . pgLx?n] ;fdGtL /fHo;Qfsf] cGto u/L ;j{xf/f ju{sf] clwgfosTj x'g] hgjfbL ;/sf/ :yfkgfsf nflu hgo'4 yfNg] klg bfjL u/]sf 5g\ .

gjul7t g]skf dfcf]jfbL -qmflGtsf/L_ sf cWoIf hgkyn] /fHo;Qf aGb'ssf] gfnaf6 dfq k|fKt x'G5 eGb} gofF hgjfbL /fHo Joj:yf :Yfkgf ug{ kf6L{sf] /fhgLlts nIo /x]sf] atfpg' eof] .

o:t}, ;+o'Qm qmflGtsf/L df]rf{ g]kfnsf cWoIf e"k]Gb| Gof}kfg]n] k'iknfnb]lv k'iksdn;Ddsf g]tfx? sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngdf h8;"qaf6 cfTd;dk{0faf6 ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg' eof] .

9f8sf] kL8fn] ;tfpF5 <

lxlnª Jofks k]g g]r'/nL k':tssf n]vs 8f= cf6{ afpg :6]gsf cg';f/ 9f8sf] kL8f z/L/sf] eGbf a9L kL8fbfos x'G5 lsgeg] 9f8sf hl6n df+;k]zL :kfOgn sf]8{sf] lgs} glhs x'G5g\ . ;fdfGotof 9f8sf] b'MvfO sd ug{ lbOg]] cf}iflwn] gsf/fTds c;/ klg k'¥ofpF5g\ . s]xL cf}iflwsf] k|efj cfGb|f / sn]hf]df ;d]t k5{ . 9f8sf] kL8f sd ug]{ k|fs[lts tl/sf 5g\ . h;af6 xfdL gsf/fTds c;/ lagf g} /xt kfpg ;S5f}F .

s]xL tl/sf o; k|sf/ 5g\ M

–9f8sf] an ;'Tg], lj:tf/} cfkm\gf] bfofF 3'F8fnfO{ 5ftLlt/ Nofpg] . hxfF;Dd 3'F8f Nofpg ;lhnf] x'G5 ToxfF;Dd dfq o;f] ug]{ .
–3'F8f df]8]s} cj:yfdf cfkm\gf] xftn] gnLxf8nfO{ !) b]lv @) ;]s]G8 ;dfTg] .
–lj:tf/} v'§fnfO{ xftsf] ks8af6 d'St u/L ;f]emf] kfg]{ . kfFr;Dd uGb} v'§f ;f]emf] kfg'{k5{ .
–o;} k|sf/n] afofF v'§fsf] k|of]u ub}{ cEof; ug]{ .
–x/]s lbg laxfg cf]5\ofg 5f8\bf / ;'Tg] tof/L ubf{ cf]5\ofgd} of] cEof; kfFr÷5 k6s ug'{k5{ .
o; cltl/St cSs'k|];/n] klg 9f8sf] kL8f 36fpF5 . rdTsfl/s cSs'k|];/ ljlw ;lhnf] / k|efjsf/L 5 . z/L/sf ljleGg tf]lsPsf laGb'df bafa u/]/ 9f8sf] kL8faf6 ;bfsf nflu d'lSt kfpg ;lsG5 .

ljlw M

–gfssf] 7Ls d'lg / dflyNnf] cf]7sf] dfly dWo efudf cf}Fnfsf] 6'Kkf] /fVg] .
–ca To; cf}Fnfn] hf]/;Fu s]xL ;]s]G8;Dd lg/Gt/ bafpg] / To;kl5 bafpg 5f8\g] kfFrb]lv b;k6s of] k|lqmof ckgfpg'k5{ .
–uf]nLufF7f]sf] leqL efudf bafa u/]/ klg 9f8sf] ;d:of sd ug{ ;lsG5 . To; :yfgdf klg dfly elgPs} tl/sfn] kfFrb]lv b;k6s bafa lbg'k5{ .

jf6/ km/ x]Ny, km/ lxlnª, km/ nfOkm k':tssf n]vs 8f= Pkm Aof6Dofg3]lnhn] 9f8sf] kL8faf6 /fxt kfpg kfgLsf] k|of]u pko'{St tl/sf xf] eg]sf 5g\ . pgsf cg';f/ hnljof]hgn] df+;k]zLdf ;ª\s'rg cfpF5 / kL8f pTkGg x'G5 . kof{Kt kfgL ePdf df+;k]zL :j:y /xG5g\ . df+;k]ZfL :j:y ePdf kL8f sd x'G5 . hnljof]hgsf sf/0f :kfOgn sf]8{ l8:sn] cfkm\gf] leqL efudf kof{Kt kfgL k7fpg ;Sb}g / ToxfFsf] sfo{df c;/ k'U5 . hnljof]hgn] pTkGg ysfgsf a]nf tkfO{+sf] a;fOsf] cf;g lau|G5 / tkfO{+n] 9f8df a9L hf]/ lbg yfNg' x'G5 . h;n] 9f8sf :gfo'df bafa a9]/ 9f8 b'Vg yfN5 To;}n] kof{Kt kfgL lkP/ 9f8sf] kL8f sd ug{ ;lsG5 . tfklg 7Ls zf/Ll/s tf}n], lgoldt cEof;, plrt cfxf/f / :j:y hLjg z}nLsf] e"ldsf 9f8sf] ;d:ofaf6 aRg jf sd ug{ dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 .

cbfntdf ;DaGw ljR5]b ug]{ a9]

sf7df8f}+ . cfly{s jif{ @)^*.)^( df cbfntdf ;DaGwljR5]bsf Ps xhf/ ;ft ;o $% d'2f btf{ ePsf 5g\ . of] tYof+s cl3Nnf] jif{sf] eGbf rf/ ;o a9L xf] . cf=j= @)^&÷)^* df cbfntdf ;DaGwljR5]bsf nflu Ps xhf/ tLg ;o !& hgf dlxnfn] d'2f lbPsf lyP . To;eGbf cl3Nnf] jif{ o:tf d'2f Ps xhf/ #( k/]sf lyP . sf7df8f}+ lhNnf cbfntdf b}lgs rf/ kfFr j6fsf b/n] dlxgfdf ;oeGbf a9L ;DaGwljR5]bsf d'2f btf{ x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .

kltaf6 s'6lk6 ePsf], 3/]n' lx+;faf6 kLl8t, k'?if pTkL8g, nf]Ug]n] afn aRrfnfO{ a]jf:Tf u/]sf], ljb]zlt/} a;]sf] h:tf ;d:of lnP/ dlxnfx¿ cbfntdf cfpg u/]sf 5g\ .

;DaGwljR5]bsf] dfu /fv]/ @) b]lv #% jif{ pd]/ ;d"xsf dlxnf cbfntdf cfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . rfF8} k|]d ljjfx u/]sf sf/0f 3/kl/jf/af6 kl/ToQm ePkl5 klg dlxnfx¿ ;DaGwljR5]bsf nflu cbfnt k'Ug] u/]sf 5g\ . ;DaGwljR5]bsf nflu nf]Ug]nfO{ eg] ;Lw} cbfntdf d'2f xfNg] sfg'gL Joj:yf 5}g . cf=j= @)^&÷)^* df d'n'se/sf cbfntdf ;DaGwljR5]b ug]{sf] ;+Vof kfFr xhf/ gf} ;o *% /x]sf]df ut jif{ of] ;+Vof j[l4 x'g] 5 .

k|]dsf b]jtf >Ls[i0f

– p4j k|;fb e§/fO{ …r}tGobLkÚ

k|]d, ;'Gb/tf, hfu/0f, cfgGb Pj+ k|km'Nntfsf] dª\undo :j¿knfO{ vf]Hof}F eg] eujfg\ >Ls[i0fnfO{ g} kfpg ;S5f}+ . lsgls s[i0fsf] :j¿kdf k|]dsf] xfpefp Pj+ s6fIf 5 . pgsf] b[Zodf ;'Gb/tfsf] klxrfg 5 . s[i0fåf/f k|]lift eujb\uLtf 1fgdf dw'/tf 5, hfu/0f 5, d'lQm¿kL cfgGbsf] kmf]x/f 5 . dfgjLo b'Mv lgjf/0f k|lqmofsf] d"nfwf/ 5 . :jtGqtfsf] ;'uGw 5 eg] cfzLjf{b / k"0f{tfsf] k|ltljDa 5 . o;sf/0f xfd|f] ;gftg j}lbs wd{ / ;+:s[ltdf >Ls[i0fnfO{ O{Zj/sf] k"0f{ cjtf/ dflgG5, hut\sf u'? dflgG5 . rf/ j]b, !* k'/f0f tyf >Ldb\efujt\ dxfk'/f0f cflb hlt klg cfif{ u|Gyx¿ 5g\ ltgLx¿ klg >Ls[i0fs} nLnf, Wofg Pj+ 1fgsf] JofVof ub{5g\ . 1fg lj1fgsf] cfwf/ j]bsf /rlotf s[i0få}kfog j]bJof;nfO{ >Ls[i0fsf] dfw'o{ nLnfn] cfslif{t t'Nofof] . >L z'sb]jd'lg h:tf k/dx+; lz/f]dl0f ;GtnfO{ klg >Ls[i0fsf] 1fg / cfbz{n] r'Dof] . kf}/fl0fs u|Gyx¿df åfk/o'usf] cGTolt/ wd{, cWofTd, ljBf / cnf}lss O{Zj/Lo zlQmsf cjtf/ eujfg\ >Ls[i0fsf] hGd efb|s[i0f ci6dLsf] dWo/ftdf ePsf] x'Fbf Tolta]nfb]lv g} o; lbgnfO{ ljz]if lbj;sf ¿kdf xfdLn] dfGb} cfPsf 5f}+ . o'uf}+b]lv eujfg\ / eQm ldn]]/ 1fg / ljBfsf] hGd lbPsf] pbfx/0f st} n's]sf] 5}g . xfdL eQm xf}+ eg] eujfg\ xfd|f k/dlktf x'g\ . To;}n] eujfg\sf] cjt/0f lbj;nfO{ ljz]if kj{, of]u / k'0obfos ;dosf] ¿kdf dfGg' h?/L x'G5 . cfh lxGb' ;+:s[lt, j}lbs 1fg, ;gftg cfbz{nfO{ ljZj;dIf lrgfpg] s'g} b]jk'?if 5g\ eg] tL eujfg\ >Ls[i0f g} x'g\ . pxfFsf] dlxdf ckDkf/ dflgG5 . uLtf1fg a/fa/ o;}n] >Ls[i0fnfO{ wd{, ljBf, >4f, cf:yf / ljZjf;sf] d"lt{dGt :j¿kdf dflgPsf] 5 . hut\nfO{ ;Rr 1fg / cfbz{ lbg'ePsfn] >Ls[i0fnfO{ hut\u'? dflgPsf] 5 . lxGb' ;+:s[lt / wd{n] >Ls[i0fnfO{ eujfg\ lji0f'sf] cf7f}F cjtf/ dfGb5 . eujfg\ >Ls[i0fnfO{ b]jflwb]j dxfb]jn] klg ;fIfft\ k/a|Xdsf] cjtf/ dfGg'ePsf] 5 . 1fgsf dxfjf0fLdf klg >Ls[i0fnfO{ cu|:yfg lbOPsf] 5 . cjtf/x¿df klg ;jf]{Ts[i6 dflgG5 . o;}n] >Ls[i0fk|lt >4f, ljZjf; / elQmsf] clej[l4 ug{ s[i0f hGdfi6dL kj{nfO{ ljz]if ¿kdf dflgFb} cfPsf] xf] .

j}lbs wd{sf ;+/Ifs Pj+ Pstfsf k|tLs eujfg\ >Ls[i0f cfˆgf eQmx¿k|lt ;bf ;x[boL Pj+ jfT;Nok"0f{ s[kf jiff{pg' x'G5 . o;}n] >Ls[i0f hGdfi6dLsf kfjg cj;/df ;fd"lxs >Ls[i0fk"hf, ehgsLt{g tyf k|jrg sfo{qmd u/L dgfpg' ;a} wdf{g'/fuL Pj+ wd{k|f0f eQmx¿sf] st{Jo x'g cfpF5 . o; kj{n] z/b\ Ct'sf] ;'Gb/td k|s[ltsf] cfudgnfO{ ;ª\s]t ub{5 . hLjg¿kL k|f0fn] ;'dw'/ /fu k|bfg ub}{ >Ls[i0f hGdfi6dLsf] cfudgnfO{ ;':jfutd\sf] km"nn] klv{/x]sf] cfef; x'G5 . of] kj{n] ;a} dfgjnfO{ ;Rrf cfgGb / zflGtsf] dfu{tkm{ lxF8\gnfO{ k|]/0ff lbG5 . h;/L dxf;fu/n] cfˆgf] xft km}nfP/ lbJo gbLx¿nfO{ cfkm"df ;dflxt ug{ cfdlGqt ul//x]sf] x'G5 To;}u/L k|]d / 1fg¿kL dxf;d'b|sf k|tLs eujfg\ >Ls[i0f cfˆgf eQmx¿nfO{ Tof] cfgGbsf] ;fu/df ;dflxt ug{ ;bf nfnflot eO{ xft km}nfP/ al;/xg'ePsf] x'G5 . ;fwgfsf] prfOnfO{ :kz{ u/fpg], ;f}efUok"0f{ / cfgGbk|bfos dw'/td kj{ >Ls[i0f hGdfi6dLdf cGo sfd 5f]8]/ eP klg k|e'wfg, k|e'sf] sfo{, k|e'sf] rrf{ ePsf] :yfgdf cjZo klg hfg'kb{5 .

of] kj{ >Ls[i0fsf] hGdfi6dL dfq geO{ eQmx¿sf] eujfg\k|lt k|]dk"0f{ cfjfh u'~hfodfg ug]{ cj;/ klg xf] . k"0f{tf, kljqtf, cfgGb Pj+ 1fglj1fg k|bfos k/dk|e'sf] lrGtg, dgg / Wofgsf] pRrtd kj{ >Ls[i0f hGdfi6dL s]jn eujfg\sf] k"hf ug]{ dfq geO{ k|To]s eQmsf nflu cfˆgf] Oi6k|lt >4f, elQm / k|]dsf] cleJolQm k|s6 ug]{ cToGt} kfjg ;'cj;/ klg xf] . cfTdf k/dfTdf¿kL eujfg\sf] ;Gb]z wf/0f u/L ;To ;ª\sNksf ;fy lbJoHof]lt hufO{ ;Dk"0f{ eQmx¿ Pslqt eO{ dxf]T;j dgfpg] lbg >Ls[i0f hGdfi6dL xf] . h;df dxf]T;j dgfpg ;a} wd{k|]dL, eQm Pj+ >4fn' Ps} :yndf a;L >Ls[i0fk|lt k|]d, s?0ff / cfTdLotfnfO{ cem k|uf9 agfpg / PsfTdtfsf]  efjgf hfu|t ug]{ ub{5g\ . >Ls[i0f eujfg\sf] cfgGbd"lt{sf] r/0fw"ln k|fKt ug{ eQmx¿ cg]s sfd 5f]8]/ dlGb/ hfg] ub{5g\ . eujfg\ >Ls[i0fsf] gfd, ¿k / nLnfn] dfgjsf] lrQnfO{ k"0f{ lgd{n agfOlbG5 . eujfg\ >Ls[i0fsf] elQm, k|]d / k"hf ug{ ;s]df pxfFn] xfdLnfO{ 1fgsf] k|sfz k|jflxt u/]/ z'4, a'4 / d'Qm agfO{ lbg'x'G5 . >Ls[i0fn] ;"Id¿kdf k|jfxdfg eP/ eQmsf] x[bodf Hof]lt hufOlbg] sfo{ ug'{x'g] ePsf]n] hGdfi6dL kj{ cToGt kljq dflgPsf] xf] .

gfd x6fOg]

sf7df8f}+ ÷ ljb]zL gfdaf6 v'n]sf z}lIfs ;+:yfn] g]kfnL /fli6«otf emNsg] vfnsf] gfd kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ eGb} ljBfyL{ ;+u7gx¿n] rsf]{ bafa lbPkl5 lzIff ljefun] /fli6«otf emNsg] u/L gfd abNg z}lIfs ;+:yfnfO{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] 5 . ljefun] ^ dlxgfleq gfd kl/j{tg u/fpg lzIff dGqfno / sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nodf kqfrf/ u/]sf] atfPsf] 5 . ljb]zL gfdaf6 v'n]sf :s'n / sn]hn] g]kfnL /fli6«otfdfly k|xf/ u/]sf] ljBfyL{x¿sf] cf/f]k 5 . ljBfyL{x¿n] ljb]zL gfdaf6 v'n]sf :s'n tyf sn]hx¿df tf]8kmf]8 tyf cfuhgL ub}{ ;DalGwt lgsfonfO{ rsf]{ bafa l;h{gf ub]{ cfPsf lyP .

sDkgL /lhi6«f/sf] sfof{nonfO{ ljb]zL gfddf s'g} klg lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿sf] ;~rfng cg'dlt glbg kqfrf/ u/]sf] lzIff ljefusf lgb]{zs 6]sgf/fo0f kf08]n] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . 

;'tL{ ;]jg ug]{nfO{ d'6' /f]u x'g]

sf7df8f}+ . ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ ;]jg ug]{nfO{ d'6' /f]u x'g], pRr hf]lvd /x]sf] / a9L x[b\of3ft x'g] atfOPsf] 5 .  8f= eujfg sf]O/fnfn] w"d|kfg ug]{nfO{ kmf]S;f]sf] SofG;/ x'g] pRr hf]lvdsf ;fy x[bo3ft x'g] ;Defjgf klg x'G5 .

xfn g]kfndf !% jif{eGbf dfly pd]/ ;d"xsf %@ k|ltzt k'?if / !# k|ltzt dlxnfn] w"d|kfg ug]{ ub{5g\ . ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ ;]jgsf sf/0f gf} xhf/ k'?if / 5 xhf/ dlxnfn] csfndf Hofg u'dfpg] ub{5g\ .

g;g]{ /f]udWo] ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ ;]jg k|d'v /x]sf] 5 . dGqfnon] ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ lgoGq0f / lgod;DaGwL P]g tyf lgod nfu" u/]sf] eP klg ;fj{hlgs :yfgsf ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ ;]jg tyf laqmL ljt/0f ug{ 5f8]sf] 5}g .

dlxnf laqmL

afFs] . dlxnfnfO{ vf8L d'n'sdf k'¥ofP/ a]rlavg u/]sf] cleof]udf k|x/Ln] Ps dlxnfnfO{ kqmfp u/]sf] 5 . alb{of tf/ftfn–( sL cGbfhL $) jifL{o kbdf ljs -zfxL_nfO{ g]kfnu~haf6 sf7df8f}+ hfg] a;df r9]sf] cj:yfdf j8f k|x/L sfof{no g]kfnu~hsf] 6f]nLsf] kqm]sf] xf] .

;'v]{t vh'/fsL–@ ;GtfgsL cfdfnfO{ s'j]t k'¥ofP/ a]rlavg u/]sf] cleof]udf tL dlxnf kqmfp k/]sL x'g\ . kLl8t dlxnfsf efO{ nlnt vqLn] j}b]lzs /f]huf/Lsf] l;nl;nfdf cfkm\gL lbbLnfO{ s'j]t k'¥ofP/ ^^) s'j]tL d'b|fdf laqmL ul/Psf] bfjL ug'{eof] . 3/ dflnsn] vfgf ;d]t glbO{ zf]if0f u/]kl5 ef]u]sL cfkm\gL lbbLnfO{ s'j]t k|x/Ln] kqmfp u/]kl5 kl5Nnf] ;do s'j]tsf] s]Gb|Lo sf/uf/df /fv]sf] efO vqLn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] .

uf]nd]r ;efaf6 lgsf;

kf]v/f . g]skf–dfcf]jfbLsf] dxf;lrj /fdaxfb'/ yfkfn] lj36g ePsf] ;+ljwfg;efn] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug{ g;s]kl5 d'n's clxn] cs}{ kl/l:ylttkm{ df]l8Psf] ljrf/ JoSt ug'{ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] ca ;j{kIfLo uf]nd]r ;ef u/]/ ;xdlt vf]hL clxn]sf] ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lgsfNg' kg]{ atfpg' ePsf] 5 .

kf]v/fdf qmflGtsf/L kqsf/ dxf;+3n] cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/ e]63f6 sfo{qmddf dxf;lrj yfkfn] jt{dfg ;/sf/sf k|wfgdGqL / k|d'v ;Ttf?9 36ssf cWoIf Psnf}6L ?kdf dgf]dfgL ub}{ cl3 a9]sf] atfpg' eof] .

O6x/Ldf km:6fpFb} of}g Joj;fo

O6x/L . O6x/Ldf v'n]sf Sofljg /]i6'/]06df of}ghGo ultljlw a9]sf] eGb} k|zf;gn] s8fO{ u/]kl5 kl5Nnf] ;do s]xL lrof / gf:tf k;ndf o:tf ultljlw ;/]sf] 5 . k|x/L tyf tyf xf]6n xf]6n Joj;foLn] /]i6'/]06nfO{ dof{lbt agfpg] cleofg yfn]kl5 ToxfFsf dlxnf sfdbf/ lrof k;n;Dd cfpg yfn]kl5 oxfFsf] of}g ahf/nfO{ Jojl:yt agfpg] cleofgdf yk r'gf}tL ylkPsf] 5 .

@) lbg cl3 k"j{ If]qsf k|x/L k|d'vsf] lgb]{zgdf O6x/Lsf Sofljg tyf /]i6'/]06df 5fkfdf dfl/of] . 5fkf dfg{ Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no O6x/L, Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ksnL / lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;'g;/Lsf] ;+o'Qm 6f]nL vl6of] . tLg j6f 6f]nLn] O6x/Lsf Sofljg /]i6'/]06, xf]6n / nhdf 5fkf df¥of] . Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no ksnLsf k|x/L lg/LIfs g]t[Tjsf] 6f]nLn] O6x/Lsf] lj/f6gu/ nfOgsf] d'Vo ;8s 5]pdf /x]sf] Pp6f lrof k;ndf klg 5fkf df¥of] . ;fdfgo sf]7fdf vfhf a]Rg] k;ndf 5fkf dfbf{ cfZro{df k/] . xf]6naf6 tLg o'jtL / Pshgf s]6f lgl:sP/ efu] . To;kl5 z+sf nfu]/ vfgtnf;L ubf{ dflyNnf] tnfdf t lj:t/f /fv]/ xf]6n ;~rfng u/]sf] kfOof] .

Sofljgaf6 ;/]/ ca lrof k;ndf of}g Joj;fo ;~rfng x'Fbf] /x]5 . Tof] 36gfn] t k|efl0ft g} ul/of] .  cGo o:tf lrof / vfhf a]Rg] k;ndf klg 5fkf df/] . 5fkf df/]sf s]xL c? xf]6ndf ;d]t o:tf] ultljlw x'g] u/]sf] kfOPsf] lyof] . Sofljgdf dfq} of}g ultljlw x'G5 eg]/ 5fkf dfb}{ lxF8\g] k|x/L k|zf;gsf] of] 36gfn] r]t v'nfPsf] 5 . O6x/Ldf v'n]sf b'O{ ;oeGbf a9L Sofljgdf of}g Joj;fo x'g] u/]sf] eGb} k|x/Ln] kl5Nnf] lgu/fgL a9fPkl5 O6x/L If]qdf /x]sf ^ ;oeGbf a9L of}gsdL{ dlxnf Sofljg /]i6'/]06 5f8]/ lrof / vfhf 3/tkm{ cfslif{t x'g] yfn]sf 5g\ .

O6x/Ldf xfn bh{geGbf a9L o:tf lrof k;n / vfhf 3/ v'n]sf 5g\ . g s;}nfO{ dlxgfaf/L a'emfpg' kg]{ g s;}n] z+sf ug]{ 8/ . g t nufgL g} 7"nf] . o:tf k;n a;kfs{ If]q, a;kfs{ l5g]{ af6f], aLkL rf]s, v]tLvf]nf g]kfnL ;]gfsf] k"jL{ k[tgf 5]p5fpdf ;d]t o; lsl;dsf xf]6n vf]lnPsf] u'gf;f] cfpg yfn]sf] 5 .

rf]/L lzsf/Ldf ;+nUg lu/ˆtf/

lrtjg .  u}+8fsf] lzsf/ / vfu t:s/L ;DaGwL rf/ d'2fsf km/f/ cleo'Qm l;4L–# ;}kfªsf lbn axfb'/ r]kfª kqmfp u/L lrtjg /fli6«o lgs'~hn] k'k{Ifsf nflu y'gfdf /fVg e/tk'/ sf/fuf/ rnfg u/]sf] 5 . lgs'~hn] pgnfO{ b'O{ jif{b]lv vf]lh/x]sf] lyof] . lgs'~h 6f]nLn] lbn axfb'/nfO{ lrtjg d]l8sn sn]haf6 c;f/ @$ ut] lu/ˆtf/ u/]sf] lyof] . @)^& ;fn r}t otf bfo/ ePsf] ljleGg rf/ d'2fdf pgsf] gfd d'l5Psf] 5 .

@)^& ;fn r}t ( ut] bfo/ ePsf] sf]/fssf sflhdfg r]kfªsf] d'2fdf pgsf] gfd d'l5Psf] lyof] . ( j6f u}+8f df/]sf] cf/f]k nfu]sf sflhdfgn] ;xof]uLsf ¿kdf lbn axfb'/sf] gfd lnPkl5 lgs'~hn] pgsf] vf]hL z'? u/]sf] lyof] . To:t} v}/]gL a:g] l;4L–# sf ;Gt axfb'/ r]kfªlj?4 r}t @* df bfo/ d'2fdf klg pgsf] ;+nUgtf b]lvPsf] lyof] . ut ebf}df l;4Ls} dw's/ r]kfªnfO{ d'Vo cleo'Qm agfP/ bfo/ d'2fdf klg lbn axfb'/sf] gfd k/]sf] lrtjg lgs'~hn] hgfPsf] 5 . ut jif{sf] h]7 @^ ut] wflbª uh'/Ldf k|x/Ln] u}+8fsf] vfu a/fdb u/]sf] lyof] . sf]/fs–( sf an axfb'/ r]kfª / /d]z jfOjfnfO{ ;dfPsf] lyof] . pgLx¿n] vfu lbn axfb'/n] a]r]sf] aofg lbPsf lyP . h;sf] cfwf/df lbn axfb'/dfly lhNnf jg sfof{no wflbªdf klg d'2f bfo/ ePsf] 5 . 

;ª\qmd0fsf] cGTo cfdlgjf{rgaf6}

sf7df8f}+ ÷ /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ g]kfnsf cWoIf sdn yfkfn] d'n'ssf] jt{dfg ;ª\qmd0fsf] cGTosf nflu cfdlgjf{rg ;aeGbf cr's pkfo /x]sf] atfpg' x'Fb} cfufdL r'gfjdf cfˆgf] k/fho ;'lglZrt b]v]/ g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]skf -Pdfn]_ r'gfjdf hfg grfx]sf] cf/f]k ;d]t nufpg' eof] .

/fk|kf -g]kfn_ sf7df8f}+ lhNnf If]q g+= % sf] a[xt\ If]qLo e]nfnfO{ ;Daf]wg ub}{ cWoIf yfkfn] r'gfjdf hfg glbP g]kfnL hgtfn] ;8saf6 g} jt{dfg ;/sf/sf] ljsNk vf]Hg] r]tfjgL ;d]t lbg'eof] .

r'gfjL 3f]if0ffnfO{ Pdfcf]jfbLsf] b]vfpg] bfFt atfpFb} cWoIf yfkfn] r'gfjsf] axfgfdf -Pdfcf]jfbL_n] ;j{;Qfjfb / g]kfnL sf+u|]; / Pdfn]n] /fi6«kltnfO{ pS;fP/ d'n'sdf clwgfosafb nfb\g vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufpg' eof] .

PrcfO{eL P8\; / af]g Dof/f]

pkrf/af6 PrcfO{eL P8\; /f]u lgsf] ePsf] dflgPsf k|yd JolQm l6df]yL a|fpgn] P8\; /f]u lgjf/0f ug{ gofF k|lti7fg vf]Ng] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ . cd]l/sfsf] jfl;+u6g l8;Ldf cfof]lht !(cf}+ cGt/f{li6«o P8\; ;Dd]ngdf hd{g gful/s a|fpgn] ;f] 3f]if0ff u/]sf x'g\ . P8\; nfu]kl5 aln{g /f]ulsf ?kdf kl/lrt $& jifL{of a|fpgsf egfO{ ;'Gg ;f] ;Dd]ngdf 7"nf] ;+Vofdf lrlsT;s, cg';Gwfgstf{, sfg"g Joj;foL / kqsf/ e]nf ePsf lyP . ;g\ @))& df hd{gLdf /xFbf /utsf] SofG;/ / PrcfOeLsf] pkrf/ qmddf pgn] b'O{ k6s xf8leqsf] tTj cyf{t\ af]g Dof/f] k|Tof/f]kdf u/fPsf lyP . ;f]xL k|Tof/f]k0f kl5 pgsf] /ut k/LIf0f ubf{ g]u]l6e kl/0ffd cfPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 xfn;Dd cfkm"df PrcfO{eL kf]lhl6esf] s'g} c;/ tyf ;+s]t gb]lvPsf] a|fpgn] atfP . a|fpg lgsf] ePkl5 rlst ePsf lrlsT;s / j}1flgsn] af]g Dof/f] k|Tof/f]k0f cToGt} hf]lvdk"0f{ /x]sf] / sdhf]/ cj:yfdf lj/fdLdf ug{ gldNg] atfPsf 5g\ .

k|hfkl/ifbsf xl/s[i0f /x]gg\

sf7df8f}+ . /f0ff zf;g cGTo ug]{ p2]Zon] u7g ePsf] g]kfn k|hfkl/ifbsf ;+:yfks ;b:o xl/s[i0f >]i7sf] rf}/fgAa] jif{sf] pd]/df lgwg ePsf] 5 . pxfF b; jif{ otf cNhfOd/ / kfls{G;g /f]un] ynf kg'{ ePsf] lyof] . k|hfkl/ifb gfdsf] kf6L{ vf]Ng ;lqmo ePafkt ;j{:j;lxt hGds}bsf] ;hfoF tf]lsO{ !((& ;fndf h]n /flvPsf xl/s[i0fnfO @))@ ;fndf tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL kB zdz]/n] dfkmL lbPsf lyP . :juL{o xl/s[i0f kl5 cfP/ Jofkf/nfO{ Joj;fo agfpFb} k|hfkl/ifbdf nflu/xg' ePsf] lyof] .

s]zj :yflktsf] e|i6frf/ d'2f km};nf x'g l9nfO{ lsg <

sf7df8f}+ . sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/kflnsf tTsfnLg d]o/ s]zj :yflktn] ljz]if cbfntn] u/]sf] lg0f{o lj?4 tLg jif{ cl3 ;jf]{Rrdf xfn]sf] k'g/fj]bgdfly km};nf x'g g;s]sf]df cfZro{ JoQm ul/Psf] 5 .

ljz]if cbfntn] d]o/ x'Fbf :yflktn] r'+uLs/ jfkt # s/f]8 *% nfv %) eGbf a9L e|i6frf/ u/]sf] km};nf u/]sf] lyof] . ljz]ifsf] km};nf lj?4 :yflktsf] @)^^ k';df ;jf]{Rrdf lgj]bg btf{ u/fPsf lyP . ljz]if cbfntsf tTsfnLg GofofwLz uf}/L axfb'/ sfsL{, ef]nf k|;fb v/]n / cf]d k|sfz ld>sf] ;+o'Qm Ohnf;n] @)^^ c;f/ !% ut] r'+uLs/df lxgfldgf u/]sf] km};nf u/]sf] lyof] .

…clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] u/]sf] @)^@ r}t !# sf] lg0f{o ;b/ x'g] 7x5{,Ú km};nfdf elgPsf] 5– dxfgu/kflnsfnfO{ gf]S;fgL u/fPsfn] ;f] gf]S;fgL /sd;Dd lgh s]zj :yflktaf6 c;'n pk/ u/fpg] u/L u/]sf] lg0f{onfO{ cGoyf eGg ;lsg] l:ylt gePsfn] cfof]un] u/]sf] lg0f{o ;b/ 5 .Ú

:yflktn] d]o/ x'Fbf yfgsf]6 anDa' l8kf]sf nflu ;fu/ k|;fb jfUn]nfO{ c:yfoL zfvf clws[t lgo'Qm u/L r'+uLs/ c;'nLsf] lhDd]jf/L lbPsf lyP . :yflkt d]o/ x'Fbf j}wflgs ¿kdf aflx/ cfPsf] cfly{s lxgfldgf Ps pbfx/0f dfq xf] . …:yflktnfO{ u}/ sfg'gL lx;fan] nfvf}+ ¿k}ofF lxgfldgf u/]sf] 5 ;|f]tn] eGof] . pgsf cg';f/ vf]hL / cWoog cg';Gwfg u/] w]/} 7"nf] cfly{s clgoldttf aflx/ cfpg ;S5 . :yflktn] r'+uLs/ p7fpg cfkm" cg's"nsf JolQmnfO{ lgo'Qm u/]sf] ;|f]tsf] bfaL 5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosf ljsf; k|flws/0fsf cfo'Qm ;d]t /x]sf :yflktnfO{ cfly{s lxgfldgf u/]sf] /sd a'emfpg dxfgu/sf] tTsfnLg ;j{bnLo ;+oGqn] ;d]t ut jif{ ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf hf/L u/]sf] lyof] . :yflktn] cfly{s jif{ @)%$÷%% df dxfgu/kflnsfsf] r'+uLs/af6 #( s/f]8 tLg nfv ¿k}ofF c;'n ug]{ egL ah]6df cg'dflgt lyof] . t/ To; jfkt pgLaf6 c;'n x'g tLg s/f]8 *% nfv !! xhf/ ¿k}ofF afFsL 5 . pgnfO{ lgo'Qm u/]sf s]zj :yflktaf6 /sd c;'nLsf nflu clVtof/ b'¿kof]u cg';Gwfg cfof]un] @)^@ r}t !# ut] ljz]ifdf d'2f xfn]sf] lyof] .

ufO{3f6df efO/n Hj/f] k|sf]k

pbok'/ . jiff{ofddf :yfgLo If]qdf af9Lsf] kfgLn] :jR5 lkpg]kfgL k|b"lift agfPkl5 efO/n Hj/f]sf] k|sf]k a9]sf] 5 . gu/ If]qsf clwsf+z afl;Gbfn] 6Ø'aj]n tyf Ogf/sf] kfgL lkpg] u/]sf] / ;f] kfgL jiff{sf] k|b"lift ePsfn] lqo;uf gu/kflnsfdf a;f]jf; ug]{ afl;Gbfdf clxn] efO/n Hj/f] b]vf k/]sf] xf] .

lqo'uf gu/kflnsfsf] ufO{3f6 nufot gu/sf ljleGg j8fdf efO/n Hj/f]sf] k|sf]k a9]sf] 5 . s]xL lbgotfb]lv $) hgf s]6fs]6L tyf cGo pd]/sf :yfgLojf;L efO/n Hj/f]sf sf/0f l;ls:t la/fdL ePsf 5g\ . lhNnf c:ktfnnufot ljleGg :jf:Yo lSnlgsx¿df pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf] ;DalGwt :jf:Yo sfo{stf{n] atfPsf 5g\ . Ps xKtfleq lhNnf c:ktfndf dfq $)cf}F hgf efO/n Hj/f]sf la/fdLnfO{ pkrf/ ul/;lsPsf] atfPsf] 5 .

efO/n Hj/f]sf] k|sf]k crfgs a9]kl5 clxn] :yfgLo ljBfno hfg] ;–;fgf ljBfyL{;d]t cGo pd]/sf dflg;;d]t efO/naf6 l;ls:t la/fdL ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 .  o:t} af]S;] / b]p/L If]qdf ;d]t efO/nsf] k|sf]k a9]sf] k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb| b]p/Ln] hgfPsf] 5 . Ps xKtfleq #) hgfeGbf a9L efO/nsf la/fdL k|fylds :jf:Yo s]Gb|df cfP/ pkrf/ u/fPsf 5g\ .