jif{ $& cÍ $!, @)^* r}q !) ut] z'qmaf/

sf7df8f}+ ÷ c:ktfnx?df nfk/jfxL t 5Fb}5, To;df klg k'/fgf] c:ktfn aL/sf] xfn a]xfn g} 5 . 8fS6/n] lj/fdL;Fu ems]{ dfGg] ;f] c:ktfnsf] /f]u g} xf] eGg] /f]uL c:ktfndf gftfdf ;f;' kg]{ egf{ ePkl5 pkrf/df l9nfO{ x'Fbf :jf:Yo /fHodGqL ;/f]h ofbjn] r}t % ut] dlb/fn] nl¶P/ tf08j dRrfPsf] 36gf of] ;ftf rlr{t ag]sf] 5 .

36gf r}t % ut] /ftL ;f9] * ah]sf] xf] . :gfo' ;DaGwL /f]uaf6 kLl8t pkrf/ gePkl5 /fHodGqLsf] emf]+s rNof] / pgL c:ktfndf 8fS6/x?nfO{ af]nf egL xNnf ug{ yfn] . /fHodGqLn] d]/f] lj/fdLnfO{ lsg jf:tf ub}{gf}+ eGb} s/fPkl5 s]xL lrlsT;s / sd{rf/Ln] /fHodGqLsf] e08fkmf]/ ug{ kqsf/x?nfO{ vj/ u/]/ af]nfP a? h8\of dGqLnfO{ zfGt kfg{ lj/fdLsf] pkrf/ kfg]{ cfZjf;g lbPsf] eP of] 36gf rls{g] lyPg . t/ /fHodGqL l/;sf] emf]+sdf rls{+b} xNnf ug]{ / 8fS6/x¿ xNnf ug]{tkm{ pS;fx6 ubf{ ;fdfGo la/fdLx? klg k|efljt ag]sf lyP . 36gf:yndf kqsf/x? k'u]l5 l/;fPsf /fHodGqL emg qmf]lwt ePsf lyP . To;kl5 pgsf c+u /Ifsn] dGqLnfO{ l:ylt ljlu|g] b]v]/ ToxfFaf6 nu]sf lyP . o;df /fHo dGqL bf]ifL ePsf]n] lghsf] ;j{q /fhLgfdf df+u ul/+b} 5g\ .

6]:66\o'j a]aLsf] ;kmntf

lj/f6gu/l:yt lj/f6 g/l;+ª xf]dn] ljut !^ dlxgfblv 6]:66\o' a]aLsf] kl/of]hgf z'? u/]sf] 5 . ef/ts]f k'gfaf6 cfPsf jl/i7 :qL tyf k|;"lt /f]u ljz]if1 8f= /fx'n cj]{ o;sf nflu lqmofzLn 5g\ . xfn;Dd 6]:66\o'asf dfWodaf6 5 dlxgfnfO{ ;kmn uef{wfg u/fO;lsPsf] / pgLx?sf] zf/Ll/s cj:yf pQd /x]sf] 5 . lgM;Gtfg bDkQLn] 6]:66\o' k|ljlwaf6 ;Gtfg hGdfpg z'?sf tLg dlxgf lgoldt ?kdf lrlsT;ssf] ;Nnfx / ;Dks{df /xg' kg]{ 5 .

6]:66\o'a a]aL Pp6f xfpu'hLsf ?kdf k|rf/df cfPsf] 5 t/ lgM;Gtfg ;a} bDktLnfO{ 6]:66\o'j k|ljlwsf] cfjZostf 5}g . w]/h;f] dlxnfnfO{ cf]vtL lbP/ l8Da gnL vf]lnlbP/ tyf cfO{o"cfO{ k|ljlwsf] pkof]u u/]/ uef{wfg ;kmn u/fOG5 . t/ h;nfO{ oL ;a} k|ljlw ;kmn x'Fb}gg\ clg 6]:66\o'j a]aLsf] k|lqmof ckgfpg' k5{ .

6]:66\o' a]aLnfO{ cfo'lj{1fgsf efiffdf c+u|]hL cfO{eLPkm elgG5 . l8Dadf 6\o'd/ eof] eg], kf7]3/df lemNnL knfof] eg] jf kf7]3/df df;' knfof] eg] dfq cfO{eLPkm k|ljlwsf] pkof]u u/]/ uef{wfg u/fOG5 . kf7]3/df df;' knfPsf] /x]5 eg] Eof;]S6f]dL u/] To:tf] df;' lgsflnG5 / kf7]3/nfO{ uef{wfgsf nflu of]Uo agfOG5 . To:t} l8Dadf 6\o'd/ eof] eg] jf kf7]3/df lemNnL b]lvof] eg] klg cTofw'lgs / cToGt ;"Id k|sf/sf] zNolqmof u/]/ ltgnfO{ lgsfNg' k5{ clg dfq kf7]3/df uef{wfg ;kmn x'G5 . cfO{eLPkm ubf{ cN6«f;fp08 u/]/ ;'O{sf ;xfotfn] of]gLdfu{af6 dlxnfsf] ljsl;t l8Da lgsfn]/ OGSo'a]6/df /flvG5 clg k'?ifsf] z'qmsL6 lgsfn]/ ToxL OGSo'a]6/df ;dfud u/fOG5 . o;/L ;dfud u/fOPsf] l8Da / z'qmsL6nfO{ b'O{b]lv kfFr lbg;Dd lk|mhdf /flvG5 clg ;'O{s] dfWodaf6 kf7]3/df k7fOG5 .

cfO{eLPkm k|lqmofsf nflu l;S;L gfds ;"Idbz{s oGq -dfOqmf]:sf]k_ sf] k|of]u ul/G5 . cf]nDk; sDkgLn] k]6]G6 /fO6 lnPsf] of] dfOqmf]:sf]k c?n] agfpg kfpFb}gg\ . o;sf] d"No $% nfveGbf a9L k5{ . l;S;L dfOqmf]:sf]kaf6} z'qmsL6 / l8Dasf] ;dfud u/fOG5 . lgM;Gtfg dlxnfdWo] #) k|ltzt kf];Lcf]8Lsf] lj/fdL /x]sf] cj]{sf] tYof+s 5 . o'jf cj:yfdf klg tLg÷rf/ dlxgfdf dfq dfl;s wd{ x'g] / l8Da gaGg] ;d:ofnfO{ kL;Lcf]8L elgG5 . o:tf dlxnfnfO{ 8fOUgf]l:6s Nofk|f]:sf]kL u/]/ dfl;s wd{ lgoldt u/fpg'sf ;fy} l8Da lgdf{0f x'g] cf]vtL ;]jg u/fPkl5 uef{wfg x'G5 .

To:t} sltko dlxnfsf] l8Dadf kfgLsf] kmf]sf kfOof] eg] klg uef{wfg x'g ;St}g . o:tf dlxnfnfO{ Nofk|f]:sf]lks ck/];g u/]/ kfgLsf] kmf]sf x6fOG5 / l8DanfO{ uef{wfg of]Uo agfO{G5 . kf7]3/df x'g] Ifo/f]un] klg uef{wfg x'Fb}g . o:tfnfO{ Ifo/f]usf] 5 dlxgfsf] cf]vtL ;]jg u/fpg' k5{ / cf]vtL ;]jg u?Gh]n uef{wfg k|lqmof aGb ug'{ k5{ . sltko dlxnfsf] l8Da aflxgL gnL g} aGb ePsf] x'G5 . dlxnfsf] of}gfËdf l8Da aflxgL gnL b'O{ j6f x'G5g\ . To;dWo] Pp6f dfq v'nf /x]5 eg] klg uef{wfg x'g ;S5 . b'j} aGb /x]5g\ eg] zNolqmof u/]/ gnL vf]Ng' k5{ . klxnf] klxn] l8Da aflxgLsf] cj:yf x]g{ PrP;hL -Ps k|sf/sf] PS;/]_ ul/GYof] . of] k|ljlw dlxnfsf nflu Hofb} kL8fbfoL x'GYof] . ;fy} PrP;hL ubf{ k|of]u ul/g] cf]vtLn] gnL aGb x'g] ;d:of klg pTkGg x'g ;SYof] . t/ lxhf]cfh PrP;hL ul//xg' kb}{g . cN6f;fpG8af6} l8Da aflxgL gnLsf] cj:yf k/LIf0f ug{ ;lsG5 .

sltko dlxnfsf] kf73]/, l8DaaflxgL gnL / l8Da lgdf{0f 7Ls x'Fbfx'Fb} klg uef{wfg ;kmn x'g ;Qm}g . o:tf dlxnfnfO{ cfO{o"cfO{ ul/g' kg]{ cj]{sf] egfO{ 5 . cfO{o"cfO{ cGtu{t k'?ifsf] z'qmsL6 lgsfn]/ cN6«f;fpG8 / ;'O{sf dfWodn] dlxnfsf] kf7]3/df x'ls{/x]sf] l8Dadf ;dfud u/fOG5 . ljut !^ dlxgf oqf cfO{o"cfO{af6 &% dlxnfdf uef{wfg u/fOPsf] 5 . g]kfndf lgM;Gtfgsf] tYof+s ljZjsf] ;fdfGo k|j[lQeGbf km/s 5 . ljZjJofkL ?kdf lgM;Gtfg bDktL dWo] ^) k|ltzt dlxnf $) k|ltzt k'?ifdf ;d:of x'g] u5{ . t/ g]kfndf o;sf] cg'kft %)÷%) k|ltzt 5 . k'?ifdf x'g] afFemf]kgsf] d'Vo sf/0f c08zodf x'g] v/faL / ;+qmd0fn] z'qmsL6 sd x'g' g} /x]sf] cj]{sf] egfO{ 5 . a9L s]ldsn o'Qm vfgkfgsf] k|efj, dw'd]x, u'Kt/f]u, yfO/fO8 xfdf]{gdf pTkGg c;Gt'ngg} afFemf]kgsf d'Vo sf/0f x'g\ .

@$ 306] clN6d]6d / rsf]{ lj/f]wkl5 bfxfn k'qn] @ s/f]8 glng] 3f]if0ff
b'O{ sbd cufl8 a9]sf] k|rf/ u/]sf] k|r08 tLg sbd k5fl8 kms]{

sf7df8f}+ ÷ rsf]{ lj/f]w, k'Tnf bxg / lj/f]wsf yk sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn k|r08sf k'q k|sfz bfxfnn] ;u/dfyf r9\g ;/sf/n] lbg] elgPsf] b'O{ s/f]8 ?k}of+ glng] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5g\ .

;/sf/n] kf6L{ cWoIf k|sfznfO{ zfxLsfnsf] kf/; em} u/]sf] Jojxf/ lj?4 ljBfyL{x?n] @$ 306] clN6d]6d lbP/ la/f]w rsf{Pkl5 b'O{ sbd cufl8 a9]sf k|r08 tLg sbd k5fl8 x6\b} 5f]/fnfO{ lgb]{zg lbPkl5 kl/l:ylt cfkm" cg's"n agfpg / of] k|s/0f dTy/ kfg{ ;/sf/L /sd glng] 3f]if0ff u/]sf lyP .

o; cl3 b'O{ s/f]8 dfq kfPsf]df cem a9L kfpg' kg]{ cfz nufP/ a;]sf k|r08 k'qn] la/f]w kl5 km];a's ;d]t aGb ug{ k'u]sf lyP .

k|r08 k'qn] !! ;b:oLo 6f]nLnfO{ ;u/dfyf r9\g dlGq kl/ifbaf6 lg0f{o ePkl5 /sd glng] 3f]if0ff ug'{ eGg] sfo/em}+ kl5 kms]{sf] s'/f rrf{ eO/x]sf] 5 . k|r08sf k'qn] ad / aGb'saf6 g8/fpg] s8f l6Kk0fL af]nL / sf+u|];–Pdfn] ljBfyL{x?sf] ;8s k|bz{gaf6 8/fP/ /sd glng] 3f]if0ff ug'{ eg]sf] gfp cg';f/sf] sfd gePsf] rrf{ af}l4s If]qdf eO/x]sf] 5 .

lj/f]w eg]sf] k|hftGqdf ;fdfGo 36gf / :jfefljs rl/q xf] . k|hftGq / u0ftGqd}+ lj/f]w x'G5 . clwgfostGqdf lj/f]w ug]{nfO{ uf]nL;Dd xfGg] sfd x'G5 . ;fx;L JolQmTjsf ;fx;L 5f]/fn] ;u/dfyf r9\g] h:tf ;fx;L sfo{sf nflu ;/sf/n] lbPsf] /sd glng] 3f]if0ff ug'{ d'Vof{+O{ xf] . hjls lj/f]w ePkl5 ;/sf/n] /sd glbg] 3f]if0ff ug'{ kg]{df pN6} k|sfzn] /sd glng] 3f]if0ff u/]/ cfkm\gf] cl8utf / c8fg af/]df k'g{d';sf]ejM ePsf] b]lvG5 egL l6Kk0fL eO/x]sf] 5 .

o;}aLr g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3n] klg k|r08sf 5f]/f bfxfn ;lxtsf] 6f]nLnfO{ ;u/dfyf cf/f]x/0fsf nflu @ s/f]8 ?k}of+ /fHosf]ifaf6 pknAw u/fpg] lg0f{osf] rsf]{ lj/f]w u/]sf] lyof] . sf7df8f}+sf] lqrGb| SofDk; cufl8 e]nf ePsf g]kfn ljBfyL{ ;+3sf ljBfyL{x?n] cWoIf k|r08 / k|wfgdGqL 8fS6/ afa'/fd e§/fOsf]] k'Tnf bxg ;d]t u/]sf lyP .

lj/f]w k|bz{gsf sf/0f s]xLa]/ To; If]qdf oftfoft ;d]t cj?4 ePsf] lyof] . ;/sf/n] lg0f{o lkmtf{ glnP lj/f]wsf yk sfo{qmd ;+rfng ul/g] klg r]tfjgL g]lj;+3n] lbPsf] lyof] . o;}u/L g]skf Pdfn] lgs6 cg]/f:jljo' / o'jf ;+3n] klg k|sfz bfxfn ;lxtsf] cf/f]x0f 6f]nLnfO{ @ s/f]8 ?k}of+ pknAw u/fpg] ;/sf/sf] lg0f{o lkmtf{ ug{ @$ 306] clN6d]6d lbPsf] lyof] . tL b'j} ;+:yfsf g]tfx?n] kqsf/ ;Dd]ng u/L ;f] clNdd]6d lbPsf lyP . To; cj;/df jt{dfg ;/sf/ ;+:yfut e|i6frf/df ;+nUg ePsf] cf/f]k klg tL o'jf g]tfx?n] nufPsf lyP .

o:t}, PsLs[t dfcf]jfbL cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn k|r08sf 5f]/f k|sfz bfxfnsf] n'lDagL ;u/dfyf zflGt kbofqf cf/f]x0f cleofgsf nflu @ s/f]8 ?k}of+ lbg] lg0f{on] ;u/dfyf cf/f]xL ddf{xt ePsf lyP . Pp6f kf6L{sf sfo{stf{sf] dgf]/~hgsf nflu /fHo sf]ifaf6 olt w]/} /sd lbg] sfo{ ;/sf/L 9's'6L l/Tofpg] v]n ePsf] atfPsf lyP . ;u/dfyf cf/f]xL ;+3sf cWoIf jfª5' z]kf{ Pp6f kf6L{sf sfo{stf{nfO{ @ s/f]8 ?k}of lbg] ;/sf/L lg0f{o ;Dk"0f{ cf/f]xLsf] efjgf ljk/Lt ePsf] atfP . s'g} klg bnsf sfo{stf{ Pj+ JolQmsf OR5f k"/f ug{ lbPsf] olt w]/} /sd /fHosf]if b'?kof]u ePsf] bfjL ub}{ pgn] ;/sf/L lg0f{o lj?4 ;Dk"0f{ cf/f]lxn] 3f]/ lj/f]w u/] .

ljZj ;fO{sn ofqf Pj+ k'iks/ zfxn] klg ;+;f/el/sf] em08f af]s]/ ;u/dfyf r9\bf ;/sf/n] cfkm"nfO{ ! af]tn kfgL vfg] k};f lbPg . t/ kf6L{sf] g]tfnfO{ @ s/f]8 < egL k|Zg ug'{ eof] .

dfcf]jfbL sfo{sTff{ s[i0f s];Lsf] ;+of]hsTjdf ljZjsf] ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyf r9\g] tof/Ldf h'6]sf k|sfz bfxfn;lxt dfcf]jfbL kf6L{ ;Da4 !! ;b:o /x]sf] cf/f]x0f cleofgnfO{ ;f] /sd h'6fpg ko{6g dGqfnodf ljut # dlxgfb]lv bjfj k/]sf] lyof] . ;f] cf/f]x0f cleofgn] o; cl3 ko{6g dGqfno;Fu ;u/dfyf r9\gsf nflu # s/f]8 ?k}of+ dfu u/]sf] lyof] . dGqfnon] dfu] hlt /sd pknAw ug{ g;lsg] eGb} yk /sd lgsf;f ug{ n'lDagL ;u/dfyf zflGt kbofqf cf/f]x0f cleofgsf] kmfOn cy{ dGqfnodf k7fPsf] lyof] . g]kfn 6«]lsª o'lgog -o'lg6\fe_ n] klg k|r08 k'qnfO{ ;f] /sd lbOPsfdf 3f]/ lj/f]w ub}{ ;u/dfyf If]qdf ef/L af]Sg] dhb'/sf] kl;gfaf6 ;+sng ePsf] ;f] /sd tTsfn lkmtf{ geP/ dhb'/x? cfGbf]ngdf pqg afWo x'g] pNn]v u/] .

cg]/f:jljo'sf dxf;lrj lszf]/ljqmd dNnn] ;/sf/n] /fHosf] 9's'6L df]hd:tLsf nflu k|r08 k'qnfO{ @ s/f]8 ?lkof+ lbg] egL u/]sf] lg0f{o /fi6«3f6L ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} ;/sf/sf] To:tf hg3ftL lg0f{onfO{ ;8saf6 k/f:t ug]{ r]tfjgL lbg' ePsf] lyof] . k|sfz bfxfnnfO{ @ s/f]8 lbg] lg0f{o @$ 306fleq lkmtf{ glnP ;zQm ;8s ;+3if{ u/]/ ;/sf/ 9fNg] r]tfjgL lbg' ePsf] lyof] .

kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf o'jf ;+3 g]kfnsf pkfWoIf emk6 /fjnn] afa'/fd ;/sf/ xTof, cft+s / e|i6frf/sf] 7]s]bf/ ;fljt ePsf] cf/f]k nufpFb} k|r08k'q k|sfznfO{ @ s/f]8 lbg] lg0f{on] gof+ ;fdGt pmhfu/ ePsf] cf/f]k nufpg' x'Fb} clxn] gofF kf/;sf] pbo ePsf]df cfklQ hgfpFb} /fi6«3ftL To:tf gof+ kf/;nfO{ ;dfKt kf/]/} 5f8\g] bfjL ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

;jf]{Rr cbfntsf] cfb]z

o;}u/L ;jf]{Rr cbfntn] PsLs[t g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08sf 5f]/f k|sfz bfxfnsf] g]t[Tjdf ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug{ hfg] 6f]nLnfO{ @ s/f]8 ?k}of+ lbg] k|wfg GofofwLz lvn/fh /]UdLsf] Ohnf;n] ;/sf/sf] ;f] lg0f{osf] k|ltlnlk ;lxt # lbgleq cbfntnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg klg cfb]z lbPsf] 5 . k|sfz bfxfnsf] g]t[Tjdf ;u/dfyf cf/f]x0f ug{ hfg] 6f]nLnfO{ @ s/f]8 ?k}of+ pknAw u/fpg] ;/sf/L lg0f{osf] lj?4 e/t h+ud nufot # hgfn] ;jf]{Rrdf l/6 bfo/ u/]sf lyP .

kf7]3/af/] rrf{

dlxnfsf] kf7]3/ / of}gfËdf x'g] SofG;/sf] klxrfg / pkrf/ k2ltsf af/]df ljkL sf]O/fnf :jf:Yo lj1fg k|lti7fg w/fgdf ePsf] b'O{ lbg] :qL SofG;/ ;Dd]ngdf 5nkmn ePsf] 5 . ;Dd]ngdf g]kfn, ef/t, ci6«]lnof / a]nfotsf u/L ! ;o @% hgf :qL SofG;/ ljz]if1x? ;xeflutf /x]sf] lyof] . dlxnfsf] kf7]3/df x'g] SofG;/sf] pkrf/sf nflu >f]t ;fwg, hgzlQm, zNolqmof ;]jf / /]l8of] y]/fkL k"jf{~rndf st} klg gePsfn] ;/sf/nfO{ bjfj lb+b} Wofgfsif{0f ug{sf nflu pkTosf aflx/ klxnf] k6s w/fgdf ;Dd]ng ul/Psf] lyof] .

sfof{no xftfdf ad

?s'd ÷ ;b/d'sfd vn+ufl:yt gfkL sfof{nosf] xftfdf Pp6f j]jfl/;] ad km]nf k/]kl5 jl/k/Lsf dflg;x?df ;Gqf; 5fPsf] lyof] . gfkL sfof{no;Fu} hf]l8Psf] lqe'jg pRr dfljsf ljBfyL{x?n] ad km]nf kf/L v]nfO/x]sf] lyP eg] cleefjsn] yfxf kfO ;'/IffsdL{nfO{ vj/ u/]kl5 lgl:qmo kl5 g]kfnL ;]gfsf]] dlxGb|f bn u'Ndsf k|fljlwsn] ad lgl:qmo kf/]sf lyP . ad åGbafndf Toxf+ /flvPsf] cfz+sf ul/Psf] 5 .

dfcf]jfbL ljb|f]xsf] dfgl;stfaf6 u|l;t

l;Gw'kfNrf]s ÷ g]skf Pdfn]sf jl/i7 g]tf dfwj s'df/ g]kfnn] ;]gf ;dfof]hgdf dflyNnf] txsf] lhDd]jf/L vf]Hg'n] ;]gfdf 3';k}7 u/L dfcf]jfbLn] ljb|f]x ug{ vf]h]sf] cf/f]k nufpg' ePsf] 5 . l;Gw'kfNrf]såf/f rf}tf/fdf cfof]lht sfo{qmddf g]tf g]kfnn] cfGtl/s snxsf] axfgfdf dfcf]jfbLn] zflGt / ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fdf afwf pTkGg u/]sf] klg atfpg' eof] . jxfFn] dfcf]jfbLn] ljb|f]x ug]{ wlDs lbg' plrt gePsf] klg atfpg' ePsf] 5 .

/fi6«a}+sn] sf/jfxL ug]{

lj/f6gu/ ÷ gf]6sf] lxkmfht gug]{ a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yfx?nfO{ g]kfn /fi6«a}+sn] sf/jfxL ug]{ ePsf] 5 . g]kfn /fi6«a}+s d'b|f Joj:yfkg ljefusf sfo{sf/L lgb]{zs clvn s'df/ 7fs'/n] ;f] s'/f atfpg' ePsf] 5 . pxfFn] ;kmf gf]6 gLlt hf/L eO;s]sf]n] ToxL cg';f/ sf/f]jf/ ug{ ;DalGwt clwsf/Lx?nfO{ cfu|x klg ug'{ eof] . hfnL gf]6sf] sf/f]jf/ /f]Sg], gf]6sf] l6sfpkg a9fpg] / Joj:yfkgdf ;'wf/ Nofpg] p2]Zon] lj/f6gu/df If]qLo uf]i7L ;+rfng ul/Psf] lyof] .

;'ud Uof; lj?4 d'2f bfo/

Og?jf ÷ 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]u sfof{no ;'g;/Ln] ;'ud Uof; lj?4 lhNnf cbfnt ;'g;/Ldf d'2f bfo/ u/]sf] 5 . pkef]Qmf ;+/If0f P]g @_%$ sf] cfwf/df ;f] d'2f bfo/ ul/Psf] xf] . ;'ud Uof; sDkgLn] cGo sDkgLsf l;ln08/ sAhf u/L km'6l/ª km]/]/ ahf/df ljqmL u/]sf] cleof]udf !! dlxgfkl5 d'2f bfo/ ul/Psf] 5 . ;'g;/Lsf] vgf/df cg'udg 6f]nLn] lg/LIf0f ubf{ km'6l/ª km]/]sf @$ j6f sDkgLsf !% xhf/ l;ln08/ km]nf k/]sf lyP .

;'ud Uof;sf ;+rfnsx? lzjk|;fb l3ld/] / dx]Zj/ ofbjnfO{ !$ jif{ s}b / %–% nfv ?lkof+ hl/jfgf x'g'kg]{ dfu ;lxt d'2f k]z ul/Psf] 5 .

d}y'gåf/f k'?ifem}+ :qLsf] :vng x'G5 jf x'Fb}g <

:jvngsf] ljifodf ljåfgx¿df 7"nf] dte]b 5 . jfT:ofogsf] egfO{ cg';f/ k'?ifeGbf :qLdf cf7 u'0ff a9L …sfd zlQmÆ x'G5 . ltgsf] of]gLdf Ps k|sf/sf] lrnfpg] -v'hnL_ x'G5 . lzZgsf] 3if{0fn] ltgsf] lrnfpg] x/fpF5 / jf;gfsf] klg t[KtL x'G5 . csf{ ljåfgsf] egfO{ cg';f/ :qLx¿nfO{ d}y'lgs ;'v b'O{ lsl;dn] k|fKt x'G5 . s_ SnL6f]l/; 3f]l6P/ -v_ cfEoGtl/s of]gLdf lnËsf] 3if{0f . sltko :qLx¿ b'j}df of}6} lqmofn] klg k"0f{ d}y'lgs t[lKt k|fKt ug{ ;Sb5g\ . hftL afgL nfu]sf :qLx¿ oxL lqmofåf/f t[lKt nfe ub{5g\ . s;}sf] egfO{ cg';f/ :qLnfO{ k"0f{ pQ]lht kfg{sf nflu b'j} lqmofsf] cfjZos kb{5 . of] t eof] k"0f{ t[lKtsf] s'/f ca :qL klg k'?if em}+ :vlnt x'G5g\ jf x'Fb}gg\ eGg] s'/fdf cg]s dte]b 5 . k|foM :qLx¿ k'?ifsf] :vng ePsf] cg'ej / ;'v yfxf kfpF5g\ t/ cg]s :qLsf] egfO{ 5– jLo{ :vng eP/ of]gLdf pDng yfn]kl5 :qLsf] k"0f{ d}y'g cf/De x'G5, t/ of] s'/f lg/fwf/ h:tf] nfUb5 . sf/0f k|lqmofn] cgle1 jf d}y''lgs zlQm yf]/} x'g] k'?if rfF8} g} :vlnt x'G5g\, To;kl5 klg :qLsf] :vngsf] ljifosf lj1fg s'g} kSsf lg0f{odf k'Ug ;s]sf] 5}g . lsgls k|To]s gf/Lsf] :jefj Psgf;] x''Fb}g . Psdtn] k"0f{ t[lKt ePkl5 :qLsf] klg k'?ifem}+ cjZo s]xL :vng x'G5 . csf]{ dtn] :qLsf] z'qmls6 x'G5 / To;}n] :vng x'G5 eGg] klg 5 . km]l/ z'qmls6 geP ue{ wf/0f s;/L x'G5 < h;/L k'?ifsf] ;+;u{n] :qL ue{jtL x'G5g\, To;}u/L :qLs} ;+;u{n] klg :qLn] ue{ wf/0f ub{5g\ . t/ Tof] ue{ df+;lk08 dfq x'G5, To;df xf8 x'Fb}g . :qLsf] s]xL :vng eP klg k|hggdf To;sf] s]xL ;DaGw 5}g eGg] klg ljAbfgx?sf] egfO{ 5 . cg]s gf/L;Fu ;f]wk'5 ubf{ s]xL j:t' :vlnt x'G5 eGg] s'/f :jLsf/ ub{5g\, t/ sltko gf/Lx¿ ls6]/ eGg rfxGgg\ .

b}jL Iflt Go"gLs/0f ug]{ sfo{qmd

hn]Zj/ ÷ jiff{ofddf x'g] u/]sf] IfltnfO{ Go"gLs/0f ug]{ p2]Zon] g]kfn /]8qm; ;f];fO{6L dxf]Q/L zfvf / o'PgPkmlkPsf] ;xof]udf hn]Zj/df k|ltsfo{ k"j{ tof/L sfo{qmd ;DkGg u/]sf] 5 .
lhNnfb]lv ufpF;Ddsf k|efljt If]qnfO{ b[li6ut u/L k|ltsfo{ ;+oGqnfO{ alnof] kfb{} ;Ifd agfpg lhNnf ljkt k"j{ tof/Lsf nflu 6f]nL u7g ug]{ nufotsf ljifodf sfo{qmdtkm{ ul/Psf] 5 . o; jif{ cfktsfnLg k"j{ tof/L cGtu{t k|efljt lkuf}gf / ;fF9fdf ljz]if of]hgf ;~rfng ug]{ hgfOPsf] 5 .

5f/] /f]u c:ktfnaf6 lgMz'Ns ;]jf

eQmk'/ ÷ dWok'/lydL gu/kflnsfl:yt l;l4sfnLdf ;~rflnt sf]l/of g]kfn d}qL c:ktfn ca g]kfns} klxnf] 5f/] /f]usf] ljz]if1 c:ktfn aGg] ePsf] 5 . xfn hg/n, k|;"lt, xf8hf]gL{ g;f, gfs, sfg, 3fF6L, bfFt nufto ljleGg /f]usf] cf]kL8Lb]lv zNolqmof;Ddsf] ;]jf ;~rfng ub}{ cfPsf] ;f] c:ktfn ca g]kfns} klxnf] 5f/] /f]u c:ktfn aGg] ePsf] 5 .

;f] c:ktfnn] xfn ;ftfsf] Pslbg x/]s a'wjf/ 5f/] /f]usf] cf]kL8L ;]jf ;~rfng z'? ul/;s]sf] / o;sf nflu sf]l/ofsf Ps / g]kfnsf tLg ;lxt rf/ hgf :jf:YosdL{sf] 6f]nLn] ;]jf k'¥ofO/x]sf] 5 . 5f/] /f]u pkrf/ ;]jf ;~rfng u/] nuQ} c:ktfnn] xfn 5f/] /f]usf] k/LIf0f, Nofj 6]:6 tyf OOhL ;]jf ;~rfng ug{'sf ;fy} o:tf lj/fdLnfO{ lgMz'Ns ?kdf cf}iflw ljt/0f ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . c:ktfndf sf]l/ofaf6  5f/] /f]u kQf nufpg] OOhL d]lzg NofP/ k/LIf0f ug{ yflnPsf] / xfn;Dd !^) hgf 5f/] /f]usf lj/fdLn] lgoldt ?kdf cf}iflw ;]jg u/L pkrf/ u/fO/x]sf] 5 . xfn %) zo\ofdf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] of] c:ktfnnfO{ 5f/] /f]usf] ljz]if1 c:ktfn agfpgsf nflu jf8{ lgdf{0f eO/x]sf] 5 . 

zo\of ;~rfngdf cfP nuQ} 5f/] /f]usf lj/fdLnfO{ c:ktfndf egf{ u/]/} pkrf/ ug{ ;lsg] 5 . dWok'/lydL gu/kflnsfsf] jflif{s ?= !^ nfvsf] cfly{s ;xof]udf ;~rfng eO/x]sf] of] c:ktfnnfO{ /fHon] jflif{s ?= tLg s/f]8 ;xof]u u/fP 5f/] /f]usf ;fy} c:ktfnn] lb+b} cfPsf] ;a} ;]jf lgMz'Ns ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

c:ktfn Joj:yfkg ;ldltsf cWoIf /fdk|;fb kf7sn] o; c:ktfnnfO{ 5f/] /f]u ljz]if1 c:ktfn agfpgsf nflu ;/sf/n] ;xof]u u/] d'n'se/s} 5f/] /f]usf lj/fdLnfO{ ;xh pkrf/ lbg ;lsg] atfpg' eof] .

oflGqs k'n lgdf{0f ul/g]

kj{t ÷ kj{t lhNnfsf] ;b/d'sfd s'Zdf ahf/b]lv afUn'Ë lhNnfsf] blIf0fL e]udf kg]{ an]jfnfO{ hf]8\g oflGqs k'nsf] cjwf/0ff NofOPsf] 5 . ;b/d'sfd s'Zdf / an]jfnfO{ hf]8\gsf nflu s'Zdf an]jf oflGqs ;DefJotf cWoog u/L ;lsPsf] /f]kj] s]jnsf/ k|flnsf] ;j]{If0fdf cfPsf] 6f]nLn] hgfPsf] 5 .

oflGqs k'n lgdf{0fkl5 s'Zdf an]jf # ldg]6df k'Ug ;lsg] 5 . o; If]qdf u|'k u08f]nf gfds oflGqs k'nsf] a9L ;Defjgf /x]sf] /f]kj] s]jnsf/ k|f=ln=n] hgfPsf] 5 . oflGqs k'n lgdf{0fsf nflu lghL If]q, pBf]uL, Joj;foL / :yfgLojf;Lsf] ;+o'Qm nufgLdf lgdf{0f sfo{ yflng] ePsf] 5 .

;'wf/sf] vfFrf]

sf7df8f}+ ÷ gful/s nufgL sf]ifsf] k'/fgf] tl/sfaf6 ug]{ nufgLnfO{ ;'wf/ ug{ lj1x?n] ;'emfj lbPsf 5g\ . nufgLdf k'/fg} gLlt cjnDag ul/+bf k|ltkmn pNn]Vo x'g g;s]sf] pxfFx?sf] egfO{ lyof] . k"FhL ahf/df sf]ifsf] pkl:ylt ckl/xfo{ eP klg bf];|f] ahf/df sf]ifn] x:tIf]k ug{ g;s]sf] lj1x?n] :jLsfg'{ eof] . ;+rostf{x?sf] nufgLnfO{ a}+sdf /fv]/ Aofh dfq vfg] sf]ifsf] k/Dk/fdf tTsfn ;'wf/ Nofpg pxfFx?n] ;'emfj lbg' eof] .

gful/s nufgL sf]ifsf] @@ cf}+ jflif{sf]T;j ;df/f]xdf ;xefuL jQmfx?n] z]o/ ahf/ oltv]/ cf]/fnf] nfUg] ;do gePsf] eGb} nufgLstf{x?sf] dgf]an v:s]sf sf/0f dfq g]K;] 36]sf] atfpg' eof] . sf]ifn] xfn;Dd r'Stf k"FhL !^ s/f]8 agfPsf] / cfufdL jif{df @* s/f]8 ?k}of+ k'¥ofpg] nIo /fv]sf] 5 .  gful/s nufgL sf]ifn] of] jif{ s"n !@ s/f]8 ?k}of+ z'? d'gfkmf u/]sf] tYof+s 5 . xfn sf]ifn] sd{rf/L artdf * k|ltzt Jofh lb+b} cfPsf] 5 eg] cfjf; shf{df !! k|ltzt Aofh artstf{af6 c;'Ng] ub{5 . sf]ifn] cfkm\g} ejg afg]Zj/af6 clxn] ;a} sf/f]jf/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

t]lGhË / lxnf/Lsf] ;flns lgdf{0f z'?

sf7df8f}+ ÷ ;jf]{Rr lzv/ ;u/dfyf cf/f]xL t]lGhË gf]af]{ z]kf{ / P8d08 lxnf/Lsf] ;flns ;lxtsf] k|j]zåf/ ;f]n'v'Da'sf] y'Dsfdf lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ePsf] 5 .

lhNnf ljsf; ;ldlt ;f]n'v'Da'sf] cg'bfg tyf ljleGg lgsfosf] ;xof]udf lgdf{0f sfo{ z'? ePsf] pQm k|j]zåf/df k|yd k6s ;u/dfyf  cf/f]x0f u/]/ g]kfnsf] ljZjdf lrgfpg] t]lGhË / lxnf/Lsf] sb/ ub}{ ;flns /flvg nfu]sf] xf] .

cNnf]af6 dgUo

bfË ÷ cNnf]sf] af]qmf]af6 wfuf] pTkfbg u/L bfªsf dflg;x?n] /fd|f] cfocfh{g u/]sf 5g\ . afh'/f, 8f]6L / ?s'd nufotsf lhNnfaf6 cNnf]sf] af]qmf bfªdf NofO{ kfgLdf 8'afP/ wfuf] lgsfNg] ul/Psf] 5 .  !) 306f kfgLdf 8'afPsf] cNnf]sf] af]qmfnfO{ ! 306f kfgLdf ksfPkl5 wfuf] lgSng] ub{5 . cNnf]sf] wfuf] sfuh, sk8f / un}+rf lgdf{0fdf k|of]u x'G5 . Ps 6g cNnf]sf] wfuf]sf] !% nfv ?k}of+;Dd d"No kg]{ ;DalGwt JolQmx? atfpF5g\ . csf]{ lhNnfaf6 NofPsf] cNnf]af6 wfuf] pTkfbg u/L a]Rbf pBf]u ;+rfnsn] ! k|ltzt /sd /fhZj ltg'{ kg]{ Joj:yf 5 .

pbok'/df ljh'nL pTkfbg

pbok'/ ÷ pbok'/sf] xb]{gL ufpFsf afl;Gbfn] cfkm\g} k|of;n] lah'nL pTkfbg u/L cfkm\gf] a:tLnfO{ pHofnf] kf/]sf 5g\ . gfubx n3' hnljB't\ cfof]hgfaf6 pTkflbt !& lsnfjf6 ljB't\  ! ;o ^) 3/w'/LnfO{ ljt/0f ul/Pkl5 ufpF pHofnf] ePsf] 5 .

&) nfv ?k}of+ vr{ ePsf] ;f] cfof]hgf k"/f ug{ Pp6f kl/jf/n] cf};t #) xhf/ ?k}of+ vr{ ug'{ k/]sf] 5 . v]/f uPsf] kfgLaf6 ufpFd} lah'nL lgsfNg ;lsPsf]df ufpFn]x?n] v'zL k|s6 u/]sf 5g\ .

clgoldttf lj?4 :sfp6df cg;g

sf7df8f}+ ÷ g]kfn :sfp6df cfly{s clgoldttf ePsf] eGb} b]ze/sf :sfp6 df:6/x?n] l/n] cg;g z'? u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfn :sfp6df P]g lgod ljkl/t sd{rf/L egf{ ul/Psf] cf/f]k klg :sfp6 dfi6/x?n] nufPsf 5g\ . :sfp6sf k|d'v cfo'Qmsf] 5gf}6 lgjf{rg k|lqmofaf6 ug'{ kg]{ dfu klg cg;gsf/Lx¿n] u/]sf 5g\  .

Pp6} JolQmn] !^ jif{;Dd cfo'Qmdf a:g kfpg] kl/kf6L ljZjdf cGoq st} gePsf] eGb} lj/f]w ul/Psf] 5 . :sfp6sf] kf7\oqmd / P]gdf ;do cg';f/ kl/dfh{g ug'{kg]{, k]zfut / :jo+;]jL :sfp6nfO{ 5'6\ofpg' kg]{, n]vfk/LIf0fsf] l/kf]6{ ;fj{hlgs ug'{ kg]{ dfu{ klg cg;gsf/Lx¿n] u/]sf 5g\ . g]kfndf xfn ^$ lhNnfdf :sfp6 u7g ul/Psf] / s"n %( xhf/ ;b:o /x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 .

pkTosf leq} j8{km\n"
s'v'/f vfg]x?df ;+qf;

kmlk{Ë ÷ Hofgdf/f /f]u j8{km\n" ca sf7df8f}+ pkTosfleq ;lhn} kx'Fr agfPsf] 5 . nlntk'/, eQmk'/ / sf7df8f}+sf s'v'/f kmd{x?df /f]u af/]df hfFr x'g glbP klg /fhwfgLs} 5]pdf kmlk{Ësf] z]ifgf/fo0f uflj;sf] Pp6f s'v'/f kmd{df j8{km\n" /f]usf] lhjf0f' km]nf k/]s]f  5 . 8Nn' n]o;{ kmd{n] hlt n'sfO{otf klg cflv/ j8{km\n"af/] ;"rgf r'lxP kl5 k|of]uzfnfn] ;f] /f]usf] k'li6 u/]sf] 5 .

j8{km\n"n] s'v'/fsf] df;' vfg] vf;u/L ;+qmldt s'v'/fsf] df;'af6 Ps 3/ b'O{ 3/ x'Fb} pkTosfe/ ;+qmd0f km}lng ;Sg] tkm{ ;/sf/ / ;Da4 ;/f]sf/jfnfn] Wofg glb+bf ;Gqf; a9]sf] 5 . s]xL ;do otf ;+qmldt s'v'/fsf] df;' ljqmL ug]{x?n] /f]uaf/] oyfy{ ljj/0f cfpg glbg nflu k/]sf]df lrGtf JoQm ul/+b}5 .

s5'jf ultdf vfg]kfgL

kfNkf ÷ cfof]hgf ;DkGg ePsf] Ps jif{ ljlt;Sbf klg kfNkf v:of}nLsf pkef]Qmfn] vfg]kfgL kfPsf 5}gg\ . v:of}nLsf] a/8fF8fdf ut jif{ ;f}/u}/f lnkm\6 vfg]kfgL cfof]hgf ;DkGg eP klg vfg]kfgL tyf ;/;kmfO{ l8lehg sfof{no kfNkfn] ug'{ kg]{ sfd l9nfO{ x'Fbf ;f] cfof]hgf x:tfGt/0f ug]{ sfd l9nfO{ ePkl5 pkef]Qmfx? vfg]kfgLaf6 al~rt ePsf 5g\ . ^* nfv ?lkof+sf] nfutdf lgdf{0f ePsf] ;f] of]hgfaf6 ! ;o @) 3/w'/L nfeflGjt x'g] hgfOsf] 5 .

ld; ls/fFt k|ltof]lutf

sf7df8f}+ ÷ ls/fFt ;d'bfosf] dxfg\ kj{ p3f}nL, pef}nLsf] cj;/df ld; ls/fFt k|ltof]lutf x'g] ePsf] 5 . ld; ls/fFt k|ltof]lutfnfO{ ;f+:s[lts dxf]T;jsf ?kdf dgfpg] cof]hs ;+:yfsf cWoIf l/gfzf /fO{n] hfgsf/L lbg' ePsf] 5 . g[To lgb]{zs /fO{n] ;d'bfosf] snf, e]ife"iff, ;+:sf/sf] k|a4{gdf of]ubfg k'¥ofpg] d"n p2]Zon] cfof]lht ld; ls/fFtdf g]kfn nufot d'n's aflx/ /x]sf ls/fFt hfltsf o'jtLn] ;xeflutf hgfpg ;Sg] atfpg' eof] .

k|ltof]lutfdf ;xefuL x'gsf nflu kfFr lkm6 prfO, !^ b]lv @^ jif{ pd]/ / z}lIfs of]Uotf P;Pn;L pQL0f{ x'g'kg]{ 5 . o; k|ltof]lutfdf k|yd, låtLo, t[tLo nufot kfFrf}+ :yfg k|fKt ug]{ k|ltof]lutfx?nfO{ tfh, gub tyf ljleGg pkxf/x? k|bfg ul/g] 5 .

w'nf] / w'jfFaf6 /fhwfgLdf PnhL{ /f]uLsf] ;+Vofdf a[l4

c:ktfnsf] gfs, sfg, 3fF6L ljefusf k|d'v 8f= o1 axfb'/ e08f/Lsf cg';f/ kmfu'g–r}tsf] df};ddf Pnlh{s /fOgfl6;sf] ;d:of lnP/ cfpg]sf] ;+Vof lgs} a9L x'G5 . clwsf+z kLl8t df]6/;fOsn rfns x'g] pgn] atfP . kl5Nnf] ;dodf jftfj/0fLo k|b"if0f a9\bf] 5, 8f= e08f/Ln] eg], cem pkTosfdf kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;8s km/flsnf] kfg{ eTsfOPsf af6f]af6 p8\g] w'nf]n] /f]uLsf] ;+Vofdf a[l4 u/fO/x]sf] 5 . pgsf cg';f/ k|b"lift xfjf dflg;sf] gfsaf6 Zjf;–k|Zjf;sf] ;dodf z/L/leq k|j]z x'Fbf x'g] PnhL{nfO{ /fOgfl6; elgG5 . of] ;d:ofdf nuftf/ !) b]lv @) k6s;Dd xflR5pF cfO/xg], gfs aGb x'g], gfsaf6 kfgL alu/xg] / gfssf] leqkl§ lrnfpg] ub{5 . ;fy} cfFvf /ftf] x'g], cfF;' alu/xg] / lrnfpg] x'G5 . tfn' / 3fF6L lrnfpg] klg x'G5 . s;} s;}nfO{ t Zjf;gnLdf ;+s'lrt eP/ ;f; km]g{ ;d]t uf¥xf] x'g] u5{ .

lrlsT;sx?sf cg';f/ z/L/nfO{ s'g} lrh gkmfKg' g} PnhL{ xf] . s;}nfO{ w'nf]n] t s;}nfO{ vfg]s'/f jf kfgLn] PnhL{ x'G5 . s;}nfO{ eg] l;6fdf]n, a'lkmg jf cGo s'g} cf}iflwn] PnhL{ u/fpF5 . sltkonfO{ n'ufaf6 klg PnhL{ eO{lbG5 . s;}nfO{ emf/kft of af]6 lj?jfsf] PnhL{ x'G5 eg] sltnfO{ t nfdv'§], e';'gf cflb sL/f k6+u/sf] 6f]sfOn] PnhL{ x'g] u/]sf] kfOG5 . o;sf ;fy} s;}nfO{ s]/f, df;sf] bfn, c08fn] klg PnhL{ u/fpg] 8f= e08f/Ln] atfP . kl5Nnf] ;dodf rflxF k|b"if0fn] /fOgfl6;sf lj/fdL a9fPsf] 5 .

;fwf/0f efiffdf eGg] xf] eg] PnhL{ /fOgfOl6; eg]sf] gfsdf x'g] PnhL{ xf], 8f= e08f/Ln] eg], o; cj:yfdf z/L/df afXo j:t' k|j]z u/]kl5 To; lj?4 z/L/df ePsf] k|lt/IffTds zlQmn] gsf/fTds k|ltqmof b]vfpF5 . pgsf cg';f/ w'nf], w'jfF, 9';L, 3/kfn'jf hgfj/sf] /f}|+ cflb j:t'sf sf/0fn] /fOgfl6;sf] ;d:of pTkGg x'G5 . o:tf j:t'af6 lg:sg] s0f Zjf; km]bf{ xfjf;Fu} gfsleq k|j]z u/]kl5 /utdf /x]sf] k|f]l6g Oldgf]Unf]a'lngdf c;/ u5{ / kmn:j?k z/L/df ljleGg /;fogsf] pTkfbg u/fO{ ;d:of pTkGg u/fpF5 .

w'nf], w'jfF ePsf] If]qdf a:g] aRrfb]lv a"9f ;a}df of] ;d:of cfpg ;S5 . w'nf] p7\g] ;dodf dfq xf]Og s]xL JolQmnfO{ t o:tf] ;d:ofn] af¥x} dlxgf ;tfpg ;S5, 8f= e08f/Ln] eg], jif}{el/ o:tf] ;d:of a]xf]g]{x?nfO{ ?3f nflu /xg], gfs aGb /xg], uGw yfxf gx'g], sfg sd ;'Gg], 3fF6L v;v; eO/xg] / hL0f{ vf]sL x'g] x'G5 eg] sf]xLnfO{ /f]u w]/} k'/fgf] ePsf :j/ s]xL ?vf] x'g] x'G5 . pgsf cg';f/ of] /f]uaf6 afFRg] ;a}eGbf /fd|f] pkfo eg]sf] s] sf/0fn] PnhL{ ePsf] xf] To;af6 hf]lug' k5{ . w'nf], w'jfF kLl8tnfO{ lkgf;, bd x'g], gfsdf df;' knfpg], sfgdf ;+qmd0f x'g] tyf kfSg], d'vdf ljleGg ;d:of cfpg], bfFtdf ;d:of cfpg] ;Defjgf a9L x'g] ePsfn] ;dod} pkrf/ ug{ 8f= e08f/Lsf] ;'emfj 5 .

l;/xfdf xTof ckx/0f a9\bf]

l;/xf ÷ c1ft xltof/wf/Lx¿sf] Ps ;d"xn] l;/xf aNsjf @ sf @% jifL{o ljho ;fxnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf] 5 . ckxl/t ;fx uf]nahf/df sk8fsf] /]l8d]8 k;n ;+rfng ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . df]6/;fOsndf r9L ;fx 3/tkm{ hfFb} ubf{ %–& hgfsf] xltof/wf/L ;d"xn] aLraf6f]af6} df]6/;fOsn ;lxt ;fxnfO{ ckx/0f u/]sf] lyof] . xfn;Dd ckx/0fsf] lhDdf s;}n] lnPsf] 5}g . ckxl/t ;fx / ckx/0fsf/Lx?sf] vf]hL sfo{ eO/x]sf] Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no uf]nahf/n] hgfPsf] 5 . ckxl/t ;fxsf] ;s'zn l/xfOsf] kxn ul/ lbg' x'g dfgjclwsf/jfbL, kqsf/ / ;dfh;]jLnfO{ ;fxsf cfkmGtn] cg'/f]w u/]sf] 5 . s]xL ;do otf l;/xfdf xTof / ckx/0fsf] 36gf a9\b} uPsf] 5 .

dfOqmf]of]nf]lhsn ;f];fO6Lsf] gof+ sfo{;ldlt u7g

sf7df8f}+ ÷ g]kfn dfOqmf]of]nf]lhsn ;f];fO6Lsf] 5}7f}+ ;fwf/0f;efn] ;efkltdf sfOqmf]afof]lh:6 /hgL dNn;lxt !# ;b:oLo gof+ sfo{;ldlt u7g u/]sf] 5 . pk;efkltdf dfOqmf]afof]nf]lh:6åf/f zf]ef >]i7 / gj/fh clwsf/L lglj{/f]w lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 eg] dxf;lrj, ;lrj / sf]iffWoIfdf qmdzM s'n/fh /fO{, wL/h cfrfo{ / ntf l3ld/] lgjf{lrt x'g ePsf] 5 .

o;}u/L ;b:ox?df lqe'jg ljZjljBfnosf k"j{ :jljo' ;efklt eLd >Lif, /lj leqsf]6L, gf/fo0f 1jfnL, Plzof kf}8]n, dfwj clwsf/L, ;~ho 1jfnL nufot lgjf{lrt x'g' ePsf] 5 . ;g\ !((% b]lv  g]kfn dfOqmf]afof]nf]lh:6x?sf] 5ftf ;+u7gsf] ?kdf :yfkgf ePsf] pQm ;f];fO6Ln] dfOqmf]afof]nf]lhsn cWoog ug]{x?sf] If]qdf sfd ub}{ cfPsf] 5 .

d':tfªsf P]ltxfl;s ;Dkbf ;+s6df

d':tfª ÷  k'/fgf u'Daf / b/af/ dd{t;Def/sf] cefjdf hL0f{ aGb} uPsf] eGb} ;+/If0fdf kof{Kt ah]6 ljlgof]hg ug{ pkNnf] d':tfªjf;Ln] dfu u/]sf 5g\ . ljZjs} k'/fgf] egL bfjL ul/Psf P]ltxfl;s ;Dkbfsf nflu plrt ah]6 lgsf;f gePsf]n] cl:tTj g} ;+s6df k/]sf] 5 . pkNnf] e]udf cfpg] ko{6ssf] k|d'v cfsif{0f g} b/jf/ / u'Daf x'g\ . pkNnf] e]udf aif]{lg xhf/f}+ ko{6s lelqP afkt lnOg] ko{6g z'Nssf nflu k6s–k6s cfGbf]ng ul//x]sf pkNnf] d':tfªjf;Ln] /fi6«s} ;Dkbf eP klg j]jf:tf ul/Psfn] lhNnfb]lv s]Gb|;Dd bjfjd"ns sfo{qmd n}hfg] r]tfjgL;Dd lbPsf 5g\ .

pkNnf] d':tfªsf] r/fª–! l:yt d/fª ufpFdf ltAjtsf /fhf l9S;'ª yS]rgn] cf7f}+ ztfAbLdf agfPsf] ljZjs} k'/fgf] bfjL ul/Psf] nf] £ofs/ u'Daf, r/fª b/jf/,nf]dfGyfªdf uflj;df ;g\ !#*& df tTsfnLg k|l;4 /fhf PGu'Og :ofª\af]sf] zf;gsfndf lgdf{0f ul/Psf] emfDkf u'Daf, !%cf}+ ztfAbLsf] z'?lt/ d':tfªsf t];|f /fhf tfl;uf]gsf lji6sf] kfnfdf lgld{t 6'kr]g u'Daf, rf]ofª / 9fs/ u'DafnfO{ Ps} 7fpFdf ldnfP/ agfOPsf] csf]{ rfof]8] u'Daf, 5f]b] u'Daf, 5f]/f]/, 5f]Gx'k, ;'vf{ª, 3dL uflj;df /x]sf s]xL k'/fgf u'Daf eUgfjz]ifdf kl/0ft eO;s]sf 5g\ .

pkNnf] d':tfªdf ko{6g, s[lif nufot hghLljsf;Fu ;DalGwt eO{ sfd ul//x]sf] PSofkn] k'/fgf ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f nflu kxn ul//x]sf] 5 . o:tf ;Dkbfsf] ;+/If0f g} ko{6g leq Nofpg] d'Vo cfwf/ xf] . o:t} d':tfªsf @%cf}+ k"j{/fhf lemUd] knj/ lji6n] pkNnf] d':tfªdf dxTjk"0f{ ;Dkbfsf ?kdf /x]sf b/jf/ / u'Dafsf] hL0ff]{åf/ ug{ cfkm"n] ;lqmotf b]vfpg] atfPsf 5g\ . pgn] ljZjs} ;Dkbf aGg ;kmn nf]dfGyfª b/jf/ ;d]t hL0f{ ePsf] cj:yfdf o;sf nflu e|d0fdf cfpg] ko{6s tyf ;+3–;+:yfnfO{ ;xof]usf] cfu|x ug]{ u/]sf] ;d]t atfP .

;+3Lotf lagfsf] ;+ljwfg dw]zL df]rf{n] :jLsf/ gug]{

sf7df8f+} ÷ ;+3Lotf ljgfsf] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ if8\oGq eO/x]sf] atfpFb} ;+o'Qm nf]stflGqs dw]zL df]rf{n] To:tf] ;+ljwfg hf/L eP df]rf{nfO{ c:jLsfo{ x'g] :ki6 kf/]sf] 5 . g]kfnL sf+u|];, g]skf Pdfn] / PsLs[t dfcf]jfbLsf] Pp6f ;d"xaf6 ;+3Lotf ljgfsf] ;+ljwfg hf/L ug]{ if8\oGq eO/x]sf] atfpFb} df]rf{n] b]ze/Lsf ;Dk"0f{ ;+3Lotf kIfw/ /fhgLlts zlQmx?nfO{ Pstfj4 x'g cfXjfg u/]sf] 5 .

;+ljwfg;efaf6 lgwf{l/t ;doleq} ;+3Lotf, klxrfg / ;dfj]zL /fHo ;+/rgf ;lxtsf] ;+ljwfgsf nflu cleofg cufl8 a9fpg dw]zL df]rf{n] cfufdL r}q !* ut] sf7df8f}+df cfd;efsf] cfof]hgf ug]{ lg0f{o klg u/]sf] 5 . df]rf{sf] a;]sf a}7sn] ;]gf ;dfof]hgdf b]lvPsf ult/f]wnfO{ cGTo ug{ ;Da4 kIfx?;Fu jftf{ u/L ;xdltsf] laGb' klxNofpg kxn ug]{ lg0f{o klg u/]sf] 5 .

jt{dfg ;/sf/ e|i6frf/Lsf] cv8f

s~rgk'/ ÷ /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf cWoIf kz'klt zDz]/ /f0ffn] jt{dfg dfcf]jfbL g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/sf] cf}lrTo ;dfKt eO;s]sfn] g]kfnL sf+u|];nfO{ ;/sf/sf] g]t[Tj ug{ cfu|x ug'{ ePsf] 5 . /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{ / /fli6«o hgzlQm kf6L{sf] PsLs/0fkl5sf] /fli6«o zlQm k|hftGq kf6L{sf] klxnf] lhNnf clwj]zgnfO{ s~rgk'/sf] dx]Gb|gu/df pb\3f6g ub}}{ cWoIf /f0ffn] jt{dfg ;/sf/ u7g x'Fbf u/]sf] cfzf pN6f] ePsfn] / jt{dfg ;/sf/ g]kfnsf] Oltxf;s} ;a}eGbf a9L e|i6frf/Lx?sf] cv8f aGg k'u]sf] atfpg' eof] .

;f] ;df/f]xdf af]Nb} /fli6«o hgzlQm kf6L{sf cWoIf tyf k"j{ k|wfgdGqL ;"o{ axfb'/ yfkfn] dfcf]jfbLdf ljWj+;sf/L cfrf/0f clxn] ;Qfdf k'lu;Sbf klg kl/jt{g gx'Fbf Oltxf;sf d"No / dfGotf;Fu ;d]t ;+s6df k/]sf] atfpg' eof] .

sfo{qmddf /fk|kfsf jl/i7 g]tf nf]s]Gb| axfb'/ rGb / /fli6«o hgzlQm kf6L{sf k|sfzrGb| nf]xgLn] b]zsf] jt{dfg cj:yfdf lgjf{x ug'{ kg]{ bfloTjsf af/]df k|sfz kfg'{ eof] .

7uLdf k/]sf Dofgkfj/ sDkgLx? vf/]hLdf

sf7df8f}+ ÷ Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f gu/]sf tyf cTolws 7uLdf ;+nUg #% j6f Dofgkfj/ sDkgL vf/]h u/]sf] 5 . j}b]lzs /f]huf/ P]g @)^$ sf] bkmf !@ cg';f/ ;dod} Ohfht kq gjLs/0f gu/]sf Dofgkfj/ Joj;foLnfO{ ;f]xL P]gsf] bkmf !# adf]lhd vf/]hLsf] tof/L ul/Psf] xf] .

Dofgkfj/ Joj;foLn] k|To]s cf=j=sf] c;f/ d;fGtdf !) xhf/ ?k}of+ z'Ns lt/L Ohfhtkq gjLs/0f u/fpg' kg]{ k|fjwfg 5 . sf/0fjz of] cjlwleq gjLs/0f ug{ 5'6]sf Joj;foLn] c;f]h d;fGtleq hl/jfgf /sd;lxt ;Dk"0f{ /sd ltg'{ k5{ . ;dodf gjLs/0f gu/]sf Joj;foLn] k|To]s dlxgf !) xhf/ ?k}of+ yk hl/jfgf ul/g' k5{ .

vf/]hLsf] ;"rLdf k/]sf sDkgLdf cNkmf/f]df OG6/g]zgn, cfS;dfS; g]kfn, ejfgL OG6/g];gn cf]e/l;h, g]kfn uNkm Dofgkfj/ ;le{;, dxfnIdL sG;N6]G6\;, PgkL OG6/g]zgn ;'lk|d cf]e/l;h, Pk]S;, cf]e/l;+x kz'klt Dofgkfj/, wf}nflu/L OG6/g]zgn, ld;g cf]e/l;h, O;fg l/qm'6d]G6, /fKtL Dofgkfj/ sG;g{ ;d[l4 ODKnf]od]G6,  ;le{;, kmf]/ :6f/ cf]e/l;h ODKnf]od]G6 ;le{;, j]e cf]e/l;h ;le{;, g]kfn l/qm'6d]G6 Ao"/f], l/nfoan Prcf/ ;f]n';g -lu|g cfzLif cf]e/l;h_, PaL;L Kn];d]G6, kmf/j]i6 OG6/g]zgn, sg]S;g cf]e/l;h / s]jLPn OG6/g]zgn cf]e/l;h x'g\ .

To:t}, ;fpykf]n cf]e/l;h, cUn]zf Dofgkfj/, ;'gf}nf] k|sfz Dofgkfj/ ;Knfo;{ -l8ns; l/qm'6d]G6_, gy{kf]n cf]e/l;h, s0ff{nL OG6/g]zgn, cfSsf/ OG6/g]zgn, l/nfoan OG6/g];gn, k|f]r{ l/qm'6d]G6 sG;N6]G;, :6\of088{ cf]e/l;h, ;]k|mg OG6/g]zgn, OG6/g];gn sDkm6{  ODKnf]od]G6 / s?0ff :6flkm9 ;f]n';g klg vf/]h x'g] ePsf 5g\ .

ef/tLoåf/f ;Ldf cltqmd0f

;Kt/L ÷ g]kfn–ef/tsf] ;lbof}+b]lvsf] ;'dw'/ ;DaGw lrl;g] u/L b;uhf If]qdf ef/tLo kIfåf/f cltqmd0f ul/Psf] 5 . kl5Nnf]k6s ;Kt/Lsf] ltnf7L If]qdf kg]{ b;uhfsf] ;Ldfdf ufl8Psf] b'O{ ;o @# -@@#÷!#_ gDa/sf] lkn/ pv]n]/ pvfn]/ cltqmd0fsf] k|of; ul/Psf] :yfgLo afl;Gbfx?n] atfPsf 5g\ . g]kfnL e"ld ldRg] of]hgfsf ;fy ef/tLo ;'/IffsdL{n] pQm lkn/ pv]n]/ km\ofn]sf] 5 .

o; cl3 ef/tLo kIfn] Pstkm{ ?kdf gbLsf] axfj /f]Sg afFw lgdf{0f u/]kl5 ;Kt/Lsf] clwsf+z ufpF hndUg x'g] ePkl5 ql;t ag]sf :yfgLojf;LnfO{ ef/tLo kIfåf/f ug{ nluPsf] cltqmd0f k|of;n] yk ql;t agfPsf] 5 . g]kfn–ef/taLr ePsf] ;xdlt tyf cGt/f{li6«o dfGotf ljk/Lt ef/tLo kIfåf/f eO/x]sf] sfd cljnDa /f]Sg' kg]{ :yfgLojf;Ln] dfu u/]sf 5g\ .

g]kfnL e"ld cltqmd0f tyf g]kfnL gful/s dfly kg]{ bL3{sfnLg uDeL/ c;/af/] :yfgLo k|zf;gn] vf;} rf;f] gb]vfPkl5 ef/tLo kIfn] Pskl5 csf]]{ ub}{ cfkm\gf] cg's"n / cfkm"nfO{ dfq kmfObf k'Ug] u/L sfd ul//x]sf] :yfgLo a'l4hLjLsf] egfO{ 5 . ef/tLo kIfn] ;Ldf If]qdf /x]sf lkn/x? wdfwd x6fP/ g]kfnL e"lddf v]tLkftL u/L pAhgL ;d]t leq\ofpg] u/]sf] ltnf7L % sf b]jgf/fo0f ofbjn] atfpg' eof] . ;DalGwt lgsfon] Wofg k'¥ofpg g;Sbf clxn] ;Kt/Lsf] ;Ldf If]qdf /x]sf clwsf+z lkn/x? hL0f{;d]t ePsf 5g\ . clwsf+z lkn/sf gDa/x? d]l6Psf 5g\ eg] sltko lkn/x? 9'Ëfn] lxsf{P/ km'6fPsf] cj:yfdf b]lvPsf] 5 .

l8km]G; cfdL{sf] rGbf cft+s

sf7df8f}+ ÷ 7"nf lghL :s"ndf rGbf glbP lj:kmf]6 u/fO{ lbg] wDsL cfpg yfn]sf] :s"n ;~rfnsx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ . Ps ;ftf cl3 afnfh'l:yt k|ult ;bg pRr dfljdf Ps s/f]8 ?k}of+ rGbf glbPsf] eGb} ad lj:kmf]6 u/]sf] ;d"xnfO{ k|x/Ln] klxrfg gub}{ lghL :s"n ;~rfnsx¿nfO{ To:tf] wDsL cfPsf] xf] . lghL ljBfnox¿sf] ;+u7g Pg KofA;gsL cWoIf uLtf /f0ffn] cfkm\gf ;b:o ljBfnosf lk|lG;knx¿nfO{ g]kfn l8km]G; cfdL{sf] gfdaf6 wDsL cfpg yfn]sf]n] To;tkm{ ;hu /xg cfu|x u/]sL lyOg\ .

l8km]G; cfdL{sf] gfddf rGbf dfluPsf] / rGbf glbP k|ult pRr dfljs} xfnt agfO{ lbg wDsL cfPsf] pgn] atfPsL lyOg\ . To; nuQ} /fhwfgLsf lghL ljBfnox?df c;'/Iff ePsf] eGb} s]xL lk|lG;knn] ;/sf/nfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{ atfPsf lyP . Uofn]S;L :s"nsL ;~rflnsf /f0ffn] ljBfnod} eg] cf}krfl/s ?kdf To:tf wDsL gcfPsf] atfOg\ . d}n] klg ;+:yfut ?kdf wDsL cfPsf] 5 eGg] ;'g]sL dfq} x'F, pgn] elgg\ .

afnfh'l:yt k|ult pRr dfljdf c1ft ;d"xn] lj:kmf]6 u/fPsf] lyof] . k|x/Ln] ;f] 36gfsf] af/]df 5fgljg ul//x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 .

P;Pn;L k/LIffdf b'O{ ;'Ts]/L

?s'd ÷ P;Pn;L lbO/x]sf ?s'dsf b'O{ 5fqf k/LIff xnd} ;'Ts]/L ePsf 5g\ . k"jL{ ?s'dsf] dx]Gb| pRr dflj ts;]/f s]Gb|af6 k/LIff lbO/x]sL /]vf 3tL{ / lxdfn pRr dflj gfouf8 Kjf+u s]Gb|af6 k/LIff lbO/x]sL sljtf ljs xnleq} ;'Ts]/L ePsL 5g\ . /]vfn] 5f]/f / sljtfn] 5f]/L hGdfPsf 5g\ . klxnf] lbg cu|]hLsf] k/LIff lbg xndf k|j]z u/]sL /]vfnfO{ n]Vg yfn]sf] cfwf 3G6fd} ;'Ts]/L Aoyf nfu]sf] lyof] eg] csL{ k/LIffyL{ sljtfn] k/LIff z'? ePsf] Ps 306fkl5 5f]/L hGdfPsL lyOg\ .

/fhZj dfg]{ 7"nf s/ bftfsf] gfd ;fj{hlgs ug{ df+u

sf7df8f}+  cfGtl/s /fhZj ljefun] ^ j6f 7"nf s/ bftfsf] cg';Gwfg eO/x]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . t/ tL s/bftfx?sf] sf]–s] x'g\ To; af/]df hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5}g . tL 7"nf s/ bftfx¿sf] gfd ;lxtsf] ;Dk"0f{ ljj/0f hg;dIf gNofPsf]df ljefusf] cfnf]rgf eO/x]sf] 5 . gSsnL Eof6 lan k|s/0fdf Jofkf/L / Joj;foLx¿n] e/k'/ n'6\g] u/]sf 5g\ . s/ 5nL k|s/0fdf ;/sf/L clwsf/LnfO{ ldnfP/ /fhZj dfg]{x¿nfO{ ;/sf/n] klg sf/jfxL ug{ ;s]sf] 5}g . o;df ;/sf/, ljefu / ;Da4 sd{rf/Lx¿s} ldnf]dtf]df 7"nf–7"nf Jofkf/Lx¿n] n'6\g / b]z r':g cj;/ kfPsf 5g\ . ha ls slt Jofkf/Ln] OdfGbf/Lk"j{s /fhZj ltb}{ cfPsf 5g\ .

ax'rlr{t gSsnL Eof6 lan k|s/0fsf] 5fgljgnfO{ cfGtl/s /fhZj ljefun] 6'+UofPsf] 5 . !$ dlxgf nfdf] cg';Gwfgkl5 ljefun] ^ cf]6f kmd{nfO{ 5f]8]/ afFsLsf] cg';Gwfg ;s]sf] atfpF5g\ . /fhZj 5Ng] % ;o !* dWo] % ;o !@ sDkgLaf6 ^ cj{ @ s/f]8 yk s/ c;'Ng] lg0f{o ljefun] u/]sf] 5 . afFFsL ^ kmd{sf] eg] k|lqmofj4 cg';Gwfg hf/L /xg] u/L cg';Gwfg ;s]sf] s'/f ;dfrf/ 5 .

xfn;Dds} ;a}eGbf 7"nf] s/ 5nL ;DaGwL cg';Gwfgdf ljefun] % ;o !@ sDkgLnfO{ bf]ifL 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . b]zsf k|ltli7t cf}Bf]lus / Jofj;flos 3/fgf ;d]t d'l5Psf] of] k|s/0f ;DejtM g]kfnL cfly{s If]qsf] ;a}eGbf rlr{t / ljjfbf:kb xf] . ljefun] cg';Gwfgaf6 @ cj{ (* s/f]8 ?k}of+ d"No clej[l4 s/ -Eof6_ 5nL ePsf] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 . To:t}, @ cj{ *& s/f]8 cfos/ / !& s/f]8 cGtMz'Ns 5lnPsf] ljefusf] cg';Gwfgn] b]vfPsf] 5 .

Eof6 lan k|s/0fdf cg';Gwfg ul/Psf dWo] ^ cf]6f 7"nf s/bftf sfof{no cGtu{tsf kmd{sf] cg';Gwfg eg] cem} ;lsPsf] 5}g . To;dWo] Pp6f pBf]u aGb eO;s]sf] 5 . Ps ;/sf/L ;+:yf klg Eof6 5Ng]df 5, t/ To;n] ljj/0f lbg gdfg]sfn] To;sf] cg';Gwfg klg af+sL 5 . gSsnL lan aLhs agfpg] sf/vfgfg} rnfpg] Ps kmd{sf ;~rfns km/f/ ePsfn] pgL lj?4 kqmfp k"hL{ hf/L ul/;lsPsf] 5 . cg';Gwfg af+sL /x]sf] rf}yf}+ kmd{dfly /fhZj cg';Gwfg ljefun] 5fgljg ul//x]sfn] o;sf] klg k|lqmof 6'+luPsf] 5}g . hgsk'/sf] HjfOG6e]~r/ 7]s]bf/ sDkgL klg km/f/ /x]sfn] o;sf] klg clGTd 6'+uf] nfu]sf] 5}g . 5}6f}+ eg] ljb]zL 7]s]bf/ sDkgL xf], h;sf] s/ 5'6 ;DaGwLsf] k|lqmof rln/x]sf]n] clGtd yk s/ lgwf{/0f gePsf] ljefun] atfPsf] 5 .

ljefun] ^ cj{ s/ lgwf{/0f u/] klg xfn;Dd /fhZjdf (* s/f]8 !# nfv dfq s/ bflvnf ePsf] 5  . o;df klg bf]ifL 7xl/Psfx?n] !) s/f]8 ^& nfv dfq s/ 5n]sf] :jLsfb}{ ljefudf s/ a'emfPsf 5g\ . af+sL *& s/f]8 $^ nfv d'2fsf] qmddf /x]sfx?af6 p7]sf] w/f}6L dfq xf] . ljefun] cg';Gwfg ;s]sf dWo] ! ;o #! kmd{ yk s/ lgwf{/0fdf lrQ ga'emfP/ k|zf;sLo k'g/jnf]sgdf uPsf 5g\, h;dWo] clwsf+z 7"nf s/bftf 5g\ . k|zf;sLo k'g/fjnf]sgdf uPsf dWo] ljefun] &^ cf]6fsf] ljefun] km};nf klg ul/;s]sf] 5 .

d'2fsf] lsgf/f nfUg sDtLdf klg @ jif{ nfUg] ePkl5 clwsf+z kmd{n] tTsfn yk s/ gltg]{ 3'dfp/f] af6f] /f]h]sf x'g\ . /fhZj Gofoflws/0fn] s/;Fu ;DalGwt cg';Gwfgdf e6fe6 s/bftfsf] kIfdf km};nf ug{ yfn]kl5 of] k|lqmof g} t'lxg] cfz+sf a9\g yfn]sf] atfO{G5 .

ljefun] yk s/ lgwf{/0f eP/ klg s/ gltg]{ kmd{dfly sf/jfxL z'? ug]{ tof/L klg u/]sf] 5 . s/ lgwf{/0fsf] @ dlxgf;Dd k'g/fjnf]sgdf hfg kfOg] lgod ePsfn] ;f] cjlw gf3]sf t/ k'g/fjnf]sgdf guPsfaf6 yk s/ c;'Ng sf/jfxL ul/g nfluPsf] 5 . s/n] nut s;]/ gltg]{sf] /fxbfgL hkmt ug]{b]lv sfnf];"rLdf /fv]/ sf/jfxL ug]{;Ddsf k|lqmof z'? u/]sf] 5 .