jif{ $* cÍ !&, @)^( c;f]h % ut] z'qmaf/

sf7df8f}+ . g]skf -;+o'Qm_ sf cWoIf ;d]t /xg' ePsf e"ld;'wf/ tyf Joj:yfdGqL rGb| b]j hf]zLn] cfkm\gf] kbaf6 /fhLgfdf lbg' ePsf] 5 . k|wfgdGqL lgjf; afn'jf6f/df k|wfgdGqL 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{nfO{ e]6L pxfFn] jt{dfg cj:yfdf ;/sf/df a:g'sf] s'g} cf}lrTo gePsf] eGb} /fhLgfdf lbg' ePsf] 5 . hf]zLn] cfkm" z'?df ;/sf/df hfFbf ;j{bnLo ;/sf/ /x]sf] / kl5 g]kfnL sf+u|]; / g]skf -Pdfn]_ ;/sf/ 5f8]kl5 Tof] ;/sf/ ;+o'Qm ;/sf/df kl/0ft ePsfn] cfkm\gf] c;xdlt /x]sf] atfpg' eof] .

;/sf/ Pskl5 csf]{ ub}{ unt t/Lsfn] cufl8 al9/x]sf] / kl5Nnf] ;do PsLs[t g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_ / dw]zL df]rf{sf] ;/sf/sf ?kdf /x]sfn] cfkm\gf] s'g} klg lhDd]jf/L k|efjsf/L gb]lvPsfn] /fhLgfdf lbPsf] pxfFn] :ki6 kfg'{ eof] .

o:t}, cGo dGqLx?n] klg /fhLgfdf lbg] t/v/df /x]sf] 5 . hf]zLn] /fhLgfdf lbPkl5 ;Qf?9 u7aGwgdfly ;xdltsf nflu /fhgLlts tyf g}lts bjfj a9]sf] 5 . hf]zLsf] /fhLgfdfkl5 e§/fO{ g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/df !@ bnsf !& hgf dGqL afFsL 5g\ . dfcf]jfbLaf6 k|wfgdGqL ;lxt 5 dw]zL bnsf 5 / ;fgf kfFr bnsf kfFr 5g\ .

lrof lgof{tdf ;'wf/

emfkf ÷ lrof lgof{tdf ;'wf/ cfPsf] /fli6«o lrof tyf skmL ljsf; af]8{n] hgfPsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*÷^( df @! s/f]8 %& nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] lrof lgof{t ePsf] 5 . of] ut cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf &^ bzdnj $ k|ltztn] a9L xf] . cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{ em08} !@ s/f]8 @# nfv ?k}ofFsf] lrof lgof{t ePsf] lyof] .

To:t] cfly{s jif{ @)^^÷)^& sf] !! dlxgfdf & s/f]8 &# nfv ?k}ofF a/fa/sf] lgof{t ePsf] lyof] . lrof tyf skmL ljsf; af]8{sf cg';f/ cfly{s jif{ @)%^÷)%& df ! bzdnj ^ d]l6«s g lrof lgof{t ePsf] lyof] . cfly{s jif{ @)^&÷)^* To;df lgof{t a9]/ cf7 xhf/ rf/ ;o gf} d]l6«s6g k'u]sf] 5 . lrof lgof{t;Fu} cfoftdf klg ;fdfGo a[l4 ePsf] 5 . cfly{s jif{ @)^*÷^( sf] k|yd !! dlxgfdf ef/taf6 b'O[ b'O{ s/f]8 &^ nfv ?k}ofFsf] lrof cfoft ePsf] 5 . of] cl3Nnf] cfly{s jif{sf] t'ngfdf ^ bzdnj @ k|ltztn] a9L xf] . cfly{s jif{ @)^&÷^* sf] k|yd !! dlxgfdf b'O{ s/f]8 ^) nfv ?k}Fof a/fa/sf] cfoft ePsf] lyof] .

;+qmd0f k|;"ltu[x

sf7df8f}+ ÷ k/f]ksf/ k|;"lt tyf :qL /f]u c:ktfnsf] c:ktfn lyP6/df ;+qmd0f b]lvPkl5 ebf} @( b]lv c;f]h @ ut];Ddsf nflu aGb ePsf] lyof] . c:ktfn ljsf; ;ldlt ;b:o ;l/tf 9sfnsf cg';f/ zNolqmof sIfdf ;+qmd0f b]lvPsf]n] To;sf] /f]syfdsf nflu aGb ePsf] xf] . lj/fdLnfO{ cTolws 6fpsf] b'Vg], Hj/f] cfpg yfn]kl5 sNr/ u/]kl5 ck|]zg lyP6/df dfOqmf] cuf{lghd eGg] AofS6]l/of b]lvPsf] lyof] .

;+qmd0fn] ubf{ ;d:of pTkGg ePkl5 tTsfn af]8{ j}7s a;L ck|]zg ug'{ kg]{ la/fdLnfO{ kf6g, lzIf0f c:ktfn nufotsf c:ktfn;Fu ;xsfo{ u/L cGo c:ktfndf l/km/ ul/Psf] lyof] . pkrf/sf] qmddf xftdf nufpg] k~hfdf ;+qmd0f b]lvPsf] lyof] .

g]kfns} 7"nf] ;:tf] k/f]ksf/ k|;"lt tyf :qL /f]u c:ktfndf ;+qmd0f b]lvPkl5 ;]jfu|fxL dsf{df k/]sf 5g\ . lgMz'Ns pkrf/ ub}{ cfPsf] k|;"ltu[xsf] ;]jf aGb ePkl5 cGo c:ktfndf dx+uf] z'Nsdf k|;"lt u/fpg g;Sg] lj/fdLx? df/df k/]sf] lyof] .

o:t}, ck|]zg lyP6/df ;+qmd0f b]lvPkl5 k/f]ksf/ k|;"lt c:ktfnaf6 c:ktfndf l/km/ ul/PsL ntf u'?Ë s];Lsf] d[To' ePsf] 5 . k/f]ksf/ k|;"lt c:ktfndf ck|]zgkl5 pRr Hj/f] cfpg], cTolws 6fpsf] b'Vg] ePkl5 c:tkfnsf] ck|]zg sIfdf ;+qmd0f km}lnPsf] k'li6 ePsf] lyof] . To; nuQ} yfkfynL c:ktfnaf6 sflGtk'/ c:ktfndf l/km/ ul/PsL @^ jifL{of ntf u'?ËnfO{ e]lG6n]6/df /fvL pkrf/ ul/Psf] lyof] . u'?Ësf] d[To' ePkl5 cfkmGtx?n] Ifltk"lt{sf] dfu /fvL za a'em\g dfg]sf 5}gg\ .

Hofk' :jod\ ;]js e]nf ;DkGg

drf/fhfaf6

sf7df8f}+ ÷ Hofk' dxfu'ly o]F dxfgu/ ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf Hofk' :jod\ ;]jssf] ;fwf/0f;ef ut efb| #) ut] zlgjf/ ;DkGg eof] . pQm sfo{qmddf :jod\ ;]jsx?nfO{ k|lzIf0f klg lbOof] . cfufdL c;f]h !! ut] ##cf}+ ljZj ko{6g lbj;sf] pknIodf Hofk' dxf]T;jsf] pknIodf Hofk' :jod\ ;]jssf] e]nf ;'/]Gb| dxh{gsf] ;efkltTjdf ;DkGg ePsf] lyof] . >Ls[i0f dxh{gn] ;+rfng ug'{ ePsf] pQm sfo{qmdsf] cltlydf /fd axfb'/ 8+uf]n / k+rgf/fo0f dxh{g /xg' ePsf] lyof] eg] k|d'v cltlydf /fhefO{ Hofk' /xg' ePsf] lyof] .

k+= lgi7fgGb :d[lt sIf cf]nDk; Snj cf]daxfndf ePsf] pQm sfo{qmddf k|d'v cltly /fhefO{ Hofk'n] :jod\ ;]jssf] e"ldsfaf/] k|sfz kfg'{ ePsf] lyof] eg] ;+:s[lt ;+of]hs rGb|dfg d'lgsf/n] Hofk' :jod\ ;]jssf] dxTjaf/] k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{ ePsf] lyof] .

dw]zL k"j{ /fHodGqLåf/f 7uL

lj/f6gu/ . t/fO{ dw]z nf]stflGqs kf6L{ g]kfnsf] k"jf{~rn ;+of]hs agfO{ lbg] eGb} ;f] kf6L{sf] g]t[ Pj+ k"j{ l;+rfO{ /fHodGqL /d0fL /fdn] lj/f6gu/df Ps hgf;Fu ?= Ps nfv %) xhf/ lnPsf] /x:o v'n]sf] 5 . lj/f6gu/–!& lgjf;L g/]z k|;fb rf}w/L cfkm"af6 Toltv]/sf l;+rfO{ /fHodGqL /d0fL /fdn] cfkm\gf] lghL ;lrj /fw]Zofd ljZjf;dfkm{t kf6L{sf] k"jf{~rn ;+of]hs agfO{ lbg] zt{df cfkm";Fu Ps nfv %) xhf/ /sd lnPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf 5g\ .

l;+rfO{dGqL dx]Gb| /fo ofbjsf] g]t[Tjdf t/fO{ dw]z nf]stflGqs kf6L{ g]kfn sl/j Ps jif{ cl3 tdnf]kf kf6L{af6 ljefhg ePsf] xf] . kf6L{ u7g nuQ} ljleGg k|nf]eg b]vfO{ k"jf{~rn ;+of]hs agfO{ lbg] eGb} /sd lnPtf klg xfn;Dd ;+of]hs gagfO{ lbPkl5 rf}w/Ln] /sd lkmtf{sf] dfu ub}{ /sd lkmtf{ gu/] cbfntdf hfg] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

sfo{sfn ;lsPsf] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ k'gM:yfkgf u/L sfg"gL zf;gnfO{ r'gf}tL lbg] c;kmn k|of; Û
pkfo of}6f 5 ;+;bsf] lgjf{rg

sf7df8f}+ ÷ Dofb u'hf/]/ ;xdltsf] gf6s ug]{ ;Qf?9 bn, k|ltkIfL / ltgsf g]tfx?n] km]l/ ;+;b k'g:yf{kgfsf] u}/sfg"gL xs{t ub}{ ;xdlt h'6fpg cg]s j}7s / xf/u'xf/ ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . ;+ljwfg;efaf6 ;+ljwfg agfpg] hgtfsf] ^) jif{b]lvsf] rfxgf ;Qf?9 bn / ljkIfLx?n] k"/f x'g glbPkl5 hgtf cfqmf]lzt 5g\ .

g]kfnL hgtf ;+ljwfg zflGt / l:y/tf rfx]sf 5g\ hals jt{dfg g]tfx? s';L{, ;Qf / eQfnfO{ k|fyldstfdf /fvL hgtfsf rfxgfnfO{ nTofpFb} cfPsf 5g\ . oxL sf/0fn] ubf{ k6s–k6s Dofb yk]/ klg ;+ljwfg aGg ;s]g . ;+ljwfg agfpg]tkm{ g]tfx?n] Wofg lbPsf] eP plxn] ;+ljwfg lgdf{0f eO{ hf/L x'g] lyof] . t/ ljjfb} ljjfb a9fPkl5 ;+3Lo zf;g k|0ffnL b]zn] ckgfP/ klg oltv]/ Pp6f vf; ju{ / hfltn] km]l/ To;sf] lj/f]wdf nflu k/]sf 5g\ . ;+w} xfnLd'xfnL / n'6 ub}{ cfPsf tL ju{n] ;+3Lo zf;gdf cfkm\gf] jr{Zj k'g{d':sf]ej cyf{t\ zlQm sd x'g] eon] eolet eO{ ;+3Lotf lj?4g} ljifo adg ub}{ cfPsf 5g\ . u0ftGq / ;+3Lotf :jLsf/ u/L /fhtGq ktg ug]{x?n] hj /fhtGq, /f0ff zf;g / k/Dk/fut dNn / lnR5jL zf;g k|0ffnL oltv]/ kmsf{pg ;Sb}gg\ . To;}/L ;+3Lotfaf6 kl5 x6\g] k|of; u/]df b]z b'3{6gfdf kg]{  / u0ftGq klg gi6 x'g] s'/f /fd|/L a'em\g' h?/L 5 . ;+ljwfg agfpg sfo{sfn ;lsPsf] ;+ljwfg;efsf] k'gM:yfkgf cfjZos 5}g . ;+;bsf] gofF lgjf{rg 3f]if0ff u/L lgjf{lrt hgk|ltlglwx?n] ;+;baf6 ;+ljwfg agfP/ nfu" u/fpg ;S5g\ . o; cl3sf av]8f / ljjfbx? la;]{/ gofF tflnsfn] ;xdlt ug'{ h?/L 5 . k'/fgf / c;kmn g]tf / ;ef;bx?n] ;+ljwfg aGg lb+b}g eGg] s'/f cfd hgtfn] /fd|/L a'em]sf 5g\ . of] g} of}6f pQd pkfo x'g]5 .

;+;bsf] lgjf{rg u/L ToxL+af6 gofF /fi6«klt / gofF k|wfgdGqL 5fGg' kb{5 . r'gfj u/fpgsf nflu ;dfhsf ljleGg ju{sf JolQmx? dWo]af6 ;/sf/ agfpg' sf/u/ x'g] 5g\ . o:tf] ug{ ;a} bnsf g]tfx?n] Tofu ug'{ h?/L x'G5 . k'/fgf ;a} ;ef;b / bnsf g]tfx?n] ;/sf/df hfg] k|of;g} gu/]df ;xdlt vf]Hg ;lsG5 / ;xdlt x'g ;Sg] s'/f /fhgLlts j[Qdf rrf{ 5 .

;/sf/ agfpg nfnflot sf+u|];–Pdfn] / cGo bn ;+;b jf ;+ljwfg;efsf] k'gM :yfkgfsf nflu u/]sf] k|of;df tflTjs leGgtf 5}g . pgLx?;Fu /fhgLlts ult/f]wsf] cGTosf lglDt 7f]; dfu{ lrq klg 5}g . Pdfcf]jfbLaf6 km'6]sf dfcf]jfbLx?n] ;j{kIfLo uf]nd]r ;Dd]ng u/L /fhgLlts lgsf; vf]Hg' kg]{ ;'emfj lbPsf] 5 . pgLx¿n] afa'/fd ;/sf/sf] avf{:tuL d"n Ph]08f agfPsf 5g\ .

ptf tLg bn sf+u|];, Pdfn] / dfcf]jfbL tLglt/ kms]{/ ;xdltsf] /6fg nufP/ ;+j}wflgs hl6ntf k}bf ug]{tkm{ nfu]sf] b]lvG5 . /fi6«kltn] cfkm\gf] x}l;ot ;]/f]df]lgon la;]{/ k"j{ /fhfem}+ sfo{sf/L k|d'vsf] e"ldsf b]vfpg k6s–k6s ;xdltdf hfg bnx¿nfO{ bjfj lb+b} cfPsf] b]Vbf sfg"g ldRg] / ;+ljwfg gdfGg] sfo{dflyaf6} x'g nfu]sf] k|i6 5 . cfkm\gf] zlQm / clwsf/ ;a}n] a'em] of] cj:yf cfpg] g} lyPg . ebf} leq bnx¿aLr ;xdlt aGg g;s] lgjf{rgdf hfg] efif0f ug]{ sf+u|]; Pdfn]sf g]tfx? km]l/ ;xdlt h'6fpg /fi6«klt dfkm{t c;kmn gf6s d~rg u/] klg Tof] PsfËL dfq x'g] k"0ff{Ë gf6s klg x'g g;Sg] k|i6 5 . bnx?aLrsf] lvrftfgLn] ubf{ zf;sLo :j?k, /fi6«klt, k|wfgdGqLsf] clwsf/ If]q, lgjf{rg k|0ffnL k|ToIf / ;dfg'kflts, Gofo k|0ffnLdf ljjfb ldNg ;s]sf] 5}g . g]tfx?n] ;+3Lo zf;g, k|b]zsf] ;+Vof gfp / ;Ldfdf klg rsf]{ ljjfb u/]kl5 ;xdlt x'g] nIf0f 5}g . o:tf]df oL g]tfx?n] hgtfnfO{ 7Ug / ;Qfsf nflu xfgyfk ug'{ afx]s csf]{ s]xL 5}g . hgtfnfO{ 7Ug] pgLx¿ lj?4 hgqmflGt / g]tfx?nfO{ vf]/df /fVg] zlQmsf] pbo geP;Dd b]z / hgtfn] ;a} k|sf/sf] ;d:ofaf6 d'lQm kfpg] ;Defjgf sd} b]lvG5 .

ljBfnosf] of}gsf08

;f]n'v'Da' ÷ ;f]n'v'Da'sf] h'a' uflj;l:yt hgsNof0f pRr dfWolds ljBfnosL Ps lzlIfsfn] ;f]xL ljBfnodf sfo{/t Ps lzIfsn] cfkm"nfO{ lax] ug]{ k|nf]eg b]vfP/ zf/Ll/s ;DaGw /fv]sf] / clxn] lax] ug{ gdfg]sf] atfPkl5 ljBfyL{x?n] ljBfnodf k7g kf7g 7Kk kf/]sf 5g\ . tL lzlIfsfn] lzIfs s'df/ a:g]tn] lax] u5{ egL zf/Ll/s ;Dks{ /fv]sf] / ljjfx ug{ gdfg]sf] eGb} ljBfno k|zf;gdf ph'/L u/]kl5 bf]ifLnfO{ sf/jfxLsf] dfu ub}{ ljBfyL{n] k7g kf7g cj?4 u/fPsf x'g\ .

36gf ;fj{hlgs ePkl5 ljBfnosf cleefjs, lzIfs, ljBfyL{, k|x/L / tL b'j} lzIfs lzlIfsf ;lxtsf] 5nkmn eP klg s'/f gldn]kl5 yk cg';Gwfgsf nflu cf/f]knfO{ lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no ;Nn]/Ldf NofOPsf] 5 . lzIfs a:g]tn] eg] cfkm"n] tL lzlIfsfdf s'g} cg}lts lqmofsnfk gu/]sf] bfjL u/]sf 5g\ . pgn] cfkm"nfO{ km;fpg] lgotn] To:tf] cf/f]k nufPsf] atfPsf 5g\ .

kz'klt dlGb/sf] cfDbfgL % dlxgfdf % s/f]8

sf7df8f}+ ÷ kfFr dlxgfsf] e]6L cfDbfgL cg';f/ kz'kltgfy dlGb/af6 @ s/f]8 @% nfv #) xhf/, jf;'ls dlGb/af6 * nfv ^% xhf/, kz'klt dlGb/ k|f+u0fdf /flvPsf] x'08Laf6 @! nfv #& xhf/ ;+sng ePsf] 5 . To:t} u/L dlGb/ k|f+u0fdf /x]sf] xg'dfg / a'9fgLns07sf] d"lt{df r9fOPsf] /sd !# nfv *% xhf/, k|f+u0fleqsf] gju[xdf r9fOPsf] $ nfv (! xhf/, h'Qf rKkn ;'/Iff sIfsf] bfgkfqaf6 $ nfv (& xhf/ / cGo rGbfaf6 @* xhf/ ;lxt hDdf @ s/f]8 &( nfv ## xhf/ cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 .

kz'kltgfy / af;'lsgfy dlGb/df ePsf] ljz]if k"hfaf6 ! s/f]8 (! nfv (@ xhf/ cfDbfgL ePsf] sf]ifsf sf]iffWoIf g/f]Qd j}Bn] hfgsf/L lbg'eof] . b'j} dlGb/df % dlxgf leq ( xhf/ @ ;o ( j6f ljz]if k"hf ePsf lyP . e]6Laf6 @ s/f]8 &( nfv ## xhf/ / ljz]if k"hfaf6 ! s/f]8 (! nfv (@ xhf/ cfDbfgL x'Fbf hDdf $ s/f]8 &! nfv @% xhf/ cfDbfgL ePsf] 5 .

gub afx]s % dlxgfsf] cjlwdf sf]ifnfO{ %) bzdnj )^ u|fd ;'g, !! s]hL * ;o u|fd rfFbL, tfdf tyf tfdfsf efF8fs'F8f ## s]hL / @ ;o u|fd, lkQn # s]hL ( ;o u|fd, 9nf}6 ^% s]hL ;o u|fd, sfF; ^ ;o u|fd tyf l:6n / cGo j:t'sf efF8fs'F8f @) s]hL tf}n a/fa/sf] ePsf] sf]ifn] atfPsf] 5 . ;'g, rfFbL h:tf wft' kz'kltgfysf] 9's'6Ldf bflvnf x'g] tyf tfdf, lkQn nufotsf wft'sf efF8fs'F8f dlGb/ kl/;/df /x]sf] aDa} 9's'6Ldf hDdf ug]{ k/Dk/f /x]sf] 5 .

s}nfnL 8'afgdf :yfgLo lgsfo bf]ifL

wgu9L ÷ jiff{sf sf/0f s}nfnLdf ;of}+ 3/ 8'jfgdf k/]sf 5g\ . df]xgf / v'l6of gbLdf 7"nf] af9L cfPkl5 clwsf+z ufpF / wgu9L gu/kflnsf ;d]t 8'jfgdf k/]sf] xf] . ;of}+ dfG5] 3/af6 lj:yflkt ePsf 5g\ . g]kfn /]8qm; lhNnf zfvf s}nfnLn lbPsf] hfgsf/L cg';f/ s}nfnLsf gu/kflnsf ;lxt ljleGg uflj; u/L s/Lj rf/ ;oeGbf a9L ;j{;fwf/0fsf] 3/df kfgL k;]sf] 5 . /tgk'/ uflj;df !%% 3/, rf}dfnfl:yt j8f # / ^ u/L () 3/ 8'jfgdf k/]sf 5g\ . rf}dfnfd} 5 3/ gbLn] aufPsf] /]8qm;n] hfgsf/L lbPsf] 5 . o:t}, x;'lnof–@ df]xgk'/sf] *) 3/ 8'jfgdf k/]sf 5g\ . 3/df kfgL k;]kl5 pQm ufpFsf afl;Gbf ;'/lIft :yfg vf]Hb} h+undf al;/x]sf] /]8qm;sf s]zj e§n] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] .

3/ aufpg] vt/f a9]kl5 km"naf/Ll:yt nlNnk'/ ufpFjf;L ;'/lIft :yfgtkm{ lj:yflkt ePsf] hgfOPsf] 5 . pgLx? clxn] ;8sdf al;/x]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . o;}u/L k|fKt hfgsf/L cg';f/ km'naf/Ls} v'6Lof 6f]n klg 8'jfg ePsf] 5 . kfgLsf] axfj a9]sfn] p4f/ ug{sf nflu vl6Psf] k|x/L 6f]nL ;d]t pQm 6f]ndf hfg g;s]/ kms]{sf] hgfOPsf] 5 . pdf{ uflj;df %) 3/, u]6fl:yt >Ln+sf / kj]/f–& dlgsfk'/df ;ft÷;ft 3/ 8'jfgdf k/]sf 5g\ . o:t}, a;f}6Lsf] j8f #, $, & / ( ubl/ofsf] ;fd/ rf}/f, pbf;Lk'/sf] j8f #, &, * / ( 8'jfgdf k/]sf] hfgsf/L /]8qm;n] lbPsf] kxndfgk'/, d;'l/ofdf / sg/L klg 8'jfgdf k/]sf 5g\ .

kfgLsf] /fd|f] lgsf; gePsf] sf/0fn] wgu9L gu/kflnsfsf] x;gk'/, ljzfngu/, knfpg rf}s, SofDk; /f]8, wgu9L ufpF, j;Gt 6f]n klg 8'a]sf] lyof] . ahf/sf] d'Vo af6f]df ;d]t kfgL el/Pkl5 clwsf+z k;nx? aGb /x]sf  lyP, PnPg rf]s / SofDk; /f]8l:yt clwsf+z k;ndf kfgL k;]sf] lyof] .

Hofk' dxf]T;j x'g]

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfn ;/sf/n] c;f]h !! ut] (September 27, 2012),  sf lbg ##cf}+ ljZj ko{6g lbj; "Tourism Sustanable Energy : Powering Sustanable Development" gf/fsf ;fy dgfpg nfu]sf] ;Gbe{df g]kfnsf] k|d'v ;+:s[lt af]Sb} cfO/x]sf] Hofk' ;d'bfosf] /fli6«o ;+u7g Hofk' dxfu'ly, sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/ ;ldltn] klg Ps 5'§} t/ eJo sfo{qmd ug]{ ePsf] 5 .

g]kfn k|fs[lts ;'Gb/tfn] dfq xf]Og, ;f+:s[lts ;'Gb/tfn] klg el/k"0f{ b]z xf] . ko{6sx? k|fs[lts ;Gb/tfn] dfq xf]Og, ;f+:s[lts ;'Gb/tfn] klg d'Uw x'G5g\ . g]kfn ko{6g af]8{sf] "Naturally Nepal, one is not Enough" sf] gf/f;Fu ldNg] u/L "Culturally Nepal, one is Enough" gf/f /fvL ljutsf sfo{qmdx?b]lv g} ;f] ;ldltn] g]kfn ko{6g af]8{;Fu ;xsfo{ ub}{  g]kfndf ko{6sx? leq\ofpgsf nflu ;f] ;d'bfon] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf v]ln/x]sf] 5 .

Hofk' dxfu'ly, sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/ ;ldltsf] cfof]hgfdf Hofk' ;d'bfosf clt kl/lrt t/ k|foM aflx/ gNofOg] -ljz]if kj{x?df dfq aflx/ NofOg]_ sf7df8f}+ dxfgu/ leqsf] k/Dk/fut 6f]nx? dWo] !( 6f]ndf dfq /x]sf] …w'ªfÚsf] k|bz{g ul/+b}5 . ljZj ko{6g lbj;sf] pknIodf xg'dfg9f]sf b/jf/ If]qsf] dxfb]j–kfj{tL 8alndf x'g] ;f] sfo{qmd ljljw ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmdsf ;fy k|:t't x'g]5 eg] xg'dfg9f]sf kl/;/df g]jf/L vfgfsf kl/sf/x?sf] :6n / Hofk' ;d'bfon] k|of]u ub}{ cfO/x]sf] xltof/, cf}hf/, snfs[lt, 3/]n' Joj;fosf pks/0fx? klg k|bz{gdf /fvg] s'/f yfxf ePsf] 5 .

;f] sfo{qmd ;+rfng ug{ ljleGg pk–;ldltx? u7g ul/Psf] 5 . o; cg';f/ w'ªf k|bz{g pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hdf rGb|dfg d'lgsf/, ;dGjo pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf afa'/fhf dxh{g, k|rf/ k|;f/ pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf Gx'5]sfhL dxh{g, ;f+:s[lts, pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf ;fg'sfhL dxh{g, cfly{s pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf s'df/ 8+uf]n, d~r Joj:yfkg pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf k~r gf/fo0f dxh{g, :jo+;]js pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf ;'/]Gb| dxh{g, vfB Joj:yfkg pk;ldltsf] ;+of]hsdf ;fg'afa' dxh{g / s'n axfb'/ dxh{g, vfgf :6n Joj:yfkg pk;ldltsf ;+of]hsdf dlxnf pk;ldlt, njMsjM -cf}hf/, snfs[lt_ k|bz{g pk;ldlt ;+of]hsdf drf/fhf dxh{g / sfof{no ;+rfngdf gfgLlx/f dxh{g /xg' ePsf] s'/f ;ldltsf pkfWoIf Gx'5]sfhL dxh{gaf6 yfxf ePsf] 5 .

o;}u/L k|b{zgdf /flvg] njMsjM -cf}hf/, pks/0f, snfs[lt_x?df v]ltdf k|of]u ul/g] cf}hf/x?, k/fn . ds}sf] kftaf6 ;'s'n a'Gg], lrp/f . wfg s'Tg] snf, /S;L agfpg] snf, xfs'ktfl; . vf:tf] . sk8f a'Gg] snf / wfuf] afTg] snf cflb /xg] 5g\ .    

 – drf/fhf dxh{gaf6

k|x/L dxflg/LIfsdf /fgf

sf7df8f}+ . k|x/L cltl/Qm dxflg/LIfs s'j]/l;+x /fgfnfO{ g]kfn k|x/Lsf] ;jf]{Rr sdf08/ k|x/L dxflg/LIfssf] lhDd]jf/L ;'lDkOPsf] 5 . g]kfn k|x/Lsf] @#cf}+ dxflg/LIfssf ?kdf /fgfn] ^) xhf/ Ps ;o #) k|x/Lsf] r]g ckm sdf08 ;DxfNg' ePsf] 5 .

lj=;+= @)$) sflt{s #) ut] g]kfn k|x/Ldf ;]jf k|j]z ug'{ ePsf gjlgo'Qm dxflg/LIfs /fgf lj=;+= @)$^ df3 !) ut] k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs -8LP;kL_, @)%$ k'; !( ut] k|x/L pk/LIfs -P;kL_, @)^! k'; & ut] k|x/L jl/i7 pk/LIfs -P;P;kL_, @)^% sflQs !* ut] k|x/L gfoj dxflg/LIfs l8=cfO{=hL= @)^* c;f/ * ut] k|x/L cltl/Qm dxflg/LIfsdf a9'jf x'g'ePsf] lyof] . /fgfn] a9'jf;Fu} @)^* c;f/ ( ut]af6 cfo'Qm sfof{nosf] lhDd]jf/L ;DxfNg' ePsf] xf] .  lj=;+= @)#* df lqe'jg ljZjljBfnoaf6 :gfts pQL0f{ /fgf lj=;+= @)!& ;fpg ^ ut] af}3f–%, kfNkfdf hGdg' ePsf] xf] . pxfF xfn sf7df8f}+sf] ;'s]wf/fdf a:b} cfpg' ePsf] 5 .  k|x/L clws[t ljz]if, k|lzIfs, ck/fw cg';Gwfg, clt ljlzi6 ;'/Iff, sfo{ ;Dkfbg tyf dfgj ;+zf]wg Joj:yfkg, pRr Joj:yfkg tyf ljsf; k|lzIf0f, ck/fw Gofo lzIff nufotsf tfnLd lng' ePsf /fgfn] ef/t, a]nfot, cd]l/sf, rLg, >Ln+sf, k|mfG; nufot 8]9 bh{g b]zsf] e|d0f ug'{ ePsf] 5 .  pxfF ;fs{ ;]jf kbs, o"Pg kbs, ;'–k|an hg;]jf kbs nufotaf6 lje"lift x'g'x'G5 .  o;}aLr g]kfn kqsf/ ;+3sf ;efklt d~h' /Tg zfSon] gjlgo'Qm k|x/L dxflg/LIfs >L s'j]/l;+x /fgfnfO{ awfO{ lbg' x'Fb} pxfFsf] sfo{sfnsf] k"0f{ ;kmntfsf] xflb{s sfdgf ug'{ ePsf] 5 .

cv08 efj/ k|b]zsf] dfu

sf7df8f}+ . r'/]efj/ /fli6«o Pstf kf6L{ g]kfnn] /fHosf] k'gM;+/rgf ;fdYo{ / ax'klxrfgsf cfwf/df x'g'kg]{ 7x/ u/]sf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{n] d'n'sdf ;ft k|b]z x'g'kg]{ / tLdWo] d]rLb]lv dxfsfnL;Dd e"uf]nn] ls6fg u/]sf] cv08 efj/–k|b]z x'g'kg]{ dfu u/]sf] 5 .

ebf} @! / @@ ut] /fhwfgLdf ;DkGg ;f] kf6L{sf] ljz]if dxflwj]zgsf] lg0f{o ;fj{hlgs ub}{ cWoIf lzjk|;fb tfdfËn] d'n'ssf] /fli6\o efiff g]kfnL, wd{ lxGb', kf]zfs bf}/f;'?jfn / /fli6«o hgfj/ ufO{ x'g' kg]{ atfpg' eof] .

kf6L{af6 lgisflzt ab|L k|;fb Gof}kfg]nfO{ k|wfgdGqL 8f= afa'/fd e§/fO{n] dGqL kbaf6 gx6fPsf]df ;/sf/sf] cfnf]rgf ub}{ pxfFn] cfkm" g]t[Tjsf] kf6L{ g} cflwsfl/s r'/]efj/ /fli6«o Pstf kf6L{ /x]sf] bfjL ;d]t ug'{ eof] .

ue{ lsg /xFb}g <

k'?ifdf k|hgg Ifdtf ¥xf; x'g]sf] gofF tYo Soflnkmf]lg{of ljZjljBfnosf cg';Gwfgstf{x?n] kQf nufPsf 5g\ . o; vf]hsf] dxTj b'j} kIfaf6 x]l/Psf] 5 . klxnf] t k|hgg Ifdtf ¥xf; ePsf] pkrf/ ug]{ xf] eg] csf]{ kIf eg]sf] dlxnfnfO{ ue{jtL x'gaf6 /f]Sg gofF ljlwsf] ljsf;sf] 9f]sf v'Ng' xf] . z'qmf0f'sf]] jl/kl/ sfjf]{xfO8«]6sf] cfj/0f x'g] / Ps pTkl/jlt{t -Do'6]8_ lhgn] To; cfj/0fnfO{ x6fO{ lbg] ePsfn] z'qmf0f'sf] ultzLntf 36]/ k|hggsf] ;Defjgf sd x'g] v'nf;f cg';Gwfgaf6 v'n]sf 5g\ . ;fOG; 6«fG;n];g d]l8l;gdf o; cg';Gwfg af/]df hfgsf/L lb+b} ;x cg';Gwfgstf{ lyof]8f]/ 6f]Ng/n] eg]sf 5g\, sfjf]{xfO8«]6 cfj/0fsf] cefjdf z'qmf0f'nfO{ dlxnf k|hgg dfu{sf] b|jdf cufl8 a9\g sl7gfO{ x'G5, To;}n] ue{ /xg] ;Defjgf sd x'G5 . cfdfafa'af6 pTkl/jlt{t lhgsf] b'j} k|ltlnlk lnP/ cfPsf] k'?ifn] dlxnfnfO{ ue{jtL agfpg ;Sg] ;Defjgf cToGt Go"g x'g] egfO{ cg';Gwfgstf{x?sf] 5 . >Ldfg\–>LdtLaLr Ps jif{;Dd c;'/lIft of}g ;Dks{ ubf{ klg /x]g eg] To;nfO{ k|hgg Ifdtfdf sdhf]/L ePsf] kl/efiff ljZj :jf:Yo ;+u7gn] lbPsf] 5 . ljZjdf !#–!$ k|ltzt bDktLdf k|hgg ;d:of /x]sf] 5 .

d'6'/f]uaf6 aRg] pkfo

– 8f= cjlge"if0f pkfWofo

;+;f/el/ g} d'6' / o; ;DaGwL sf/0fn] ;a}eGbf w]/} d[To' x'g] u/]sf] 5 . cNk pd]/df d[To' x'g]x?df *) k|ltzt oxL sf/0faf6 eO/x]sf 5g\ . x/]s !) j6f d[To'df Pp6f d'6';Fu ;DalGwt /f]usf] sf/0faf6 x'g] u5{ . hDdf ! s/f]8 &% nfv dfG5] x/]s ;fn oxL sf/0faf6 d5{g\ .

o; /f]usf sf/0fdf vfgf, zf/Ll/s k/LIf0f gug]{, ;'tL{hGo kbfy{ pkof]u -w'd|kfg_, /S;L w]/} lkpg] / pRr /Qmrfk x'g\ . o;}u/L /utdf lrNnf] kbfy{ a9L x'g]] lrgLsf] dfqf a9L -dw'd]x_, jhg Hofbf x'g] -df]6f] x'g] /f]u_, cfkm\gf] kl/jf/df olb d'6'/f]u 5 / gsf/fTds tgfjx? 5g\ eg] Tof] klg o; /f]usf] sf/0f aGg hfG5 . d'6'/f]un] wgL, ul/j, zx/sf ufpFsf egL e]befj ub}{g . cem vf; Wofg lbg'kg]{ s] 5 eg] of] /f]u xf]gxf/ pd]/d} nfU5, a"9f] x'g' kb}{g . g]kfnd} !( jif{s} pd]/df x[bof3ft ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . cr]n #) jif{ gf3]sfx?df o;sf] k|sf]k a9L b]lvg yfln;s]sf] 5 . of] s'g} wgLnfO{ geP/ emg\ ul/jnfO{ / ul/j d'n's d} a9]sf] cfFs8fn] b]vfO{ /fv]sf] 5 . t;y{ o;kfln ljZj d'6' dxf;+3n] x/]snfO{ d'6'nfO{ dfof ug{ vfgkfg, /xg ;xg, /fd|f rfnrng ug{, Pp6f d'6'n] k"/f kl/jf/sf] d'6', kl/jf/ kl/jf/af6 /fi6«sf] d'6' / ;f/f ;+;f/d} d'6' arfpg cfXjfg u/]sf] 5 .

of] /f]u ca JolQm, kl/jf/, ;dfh / /fi6« x'Fb} ;+;f/af6} lgoGq0f ug{ cfjZos eO;s]sf] 5 . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5 d'6'/f]u / o; ;DaGwL c? /f]u a9fpg] sf/0fdf j+zfg'ut s'/f afx]s c? ;a} s'/f JolQmn] cfkm} lgoGq0f ug{ ;S5 . h:t} M jhg 7Ls /fg], lgoldt Jofofd ug]{, kmnkm"n, ;fu;AhL Hofbf vfg], cfkm\gf] /Qmrfk, dw'd]x, /utsf] lrNnf] kbfy{sf] cj:yf 7Ls 7fpFdf /fVg], grflx+bf] tgfjaf6 6f9} a:g] OToflb . oL ;a} s'/f xfdLn] 3/af6} lgoGq0f ug{ ;s]df cfkm\gf] kl/jf/sf ;b:osf] d'6' w]/} xb;Dd arfpg ;lsG5 .

cfhef]ln w]/} hgf cf/fd ug{ eg]/ l6eL x]/]/ ;do latfpF5g\ . of] gu/]/ ;a} kl/jf/ ldn]/ st} 3'Dg hfg], lx+8\g], 8fF8f] r9\g hfg], v]Ng] u/] slt /fd|f] x'GYof] . cfkm\g} 3/df lar/f ;fgf gfgLx?nfO{ 7"nf dfG5]n] w'd|kfg u/]/ pgLx?sf] slnnf] Hofgdf slt gsf/fTds k|efj k/]sf] x'G5, Tof]af6 arfpg ;lsG5 . r'/f]6n] d'6'sf] /f]u nufpg] Pp6f k|d'v efu cf]u6\5 .

3/df vfgf vfFbf d'6'nfO{ dfof ug]{ vfgf vfg ;lsG5, g'g sd, lrNnf] sd, xl/of]kl/of] ;fu;AhL, /];f ePsf ;fbf vfgf . df5fdf;' hlt ;lsG5 sd . lbgsf] % ;o u|fd kmnkm"n vfg' elgPsf] 5 . 3/ g} Tof] 7fpF xf] hxfF d'6'sf] /f]usf] nIf0f b]vf k5{ . t;y{ 3/kl/jf/sf ;b:ox?df o; /f]usf af/]df hfgsf/L eof] eg] ;dod} pkrf/ ug{ kfOG5 . xfdLnfO{ yfxf 5, d'6'/f]usf pkrf/df ;do w]/] dxTjk"0f{ x'G5 . ;do g} d'6'sf] df+;k]zL xf] elgG5 lsgeg] hlt rfF8} pkrf/ ug{ kfOof] Tolt rfF8f] g} d''6'nfO{ w]/} arfpg ;lsG5 . o;sf/0f g]kfndf klg o; /f]usf] k|f/lDes pkrf/af/] kl/jf/sf ;b:onfO{ g]kfn x[bo/f]u lgjf/0f k|lti7fgn] hfgsf/L u/fpFb} cfPsf] 5 .

xfdL s] ug{ ;S5f}+ <

s_ 3/df r'/f]6 gvfg], vfg glbg] .
v_ kmnkm"n, ;fukft a9L lsg]/ Nofpg], vfg] .  df5f df;'eGbf o;n] w]/} kfObf u5{ eg]/ kl/jf/df hfgsf/L u/fpg] . % ;o u|fd kmnkm"n 7"nf dfG5]n] vfg] .
u_ zf/Ll/s Jofofd ug{ ;a}hgf ldn]/ 3'Dg hfg], lx+8\g], l6eL x]/]/ a:g, 36fpg] .
3_ 3/sf] vfgfdf lrNnf] ad, g'g sd, lrgLsf] dfqf sd, v;|f vfgf w]/} vfg], cf]v/, abfd OToflb vfg]  / ahf/sf] tof/L vfgf gvfg] .
oL ;a} ug{ s]xL uf¥xf] 5}g, vfln OR5fsf] h?/t 5 . of] dxfdf/Laf6 aRg x/]s JolQmn] cfkm\gf] 3/af6 of] k'0o sfd z'? ug'{ k5{ . o;df ;dfh, ;/sf/ / ;a} ;+3 ;+:yfsf] uxg lhDd]jf/L x'G5 . xfdL ;a} ldn]/ o;sf lj?4df nfu]gf} eg] xfdLn] w]/} 7"nf] d"No r'sfpg k5{ .
cfh klZrdL ;dfhn] klg kl/jf/sf] dxTj k'j]{nL 9fFrfn] a'emg\ yfn]sf 5g\, pgLx? xfd|f] ;+:s[ltsf] l;sf] ub}{5g\ . xfdL rflx+ pgLx?n] kmfn]sf rfnrng, vfglkg l;s]/ ug{ jt{ yfn]sf 5f}+ . xfdL cfkm\gf] ;+:s[lt, /Lltl/jfh, rfnrng arfP/ /fvf}+, To;df ePsf w]/} /fd|f s'/f 5g\, h;n] xfdLnfO{ x/]s If]qdf d2t u5{ . d'6'/f]u eo+s/ 8/nfUbf] eP klg ;do d} Wofg k'¥ofPsf] v08df o;af6 aRg ;lsG5 . t/ o;sf nflu JolQm, kl/jf/, ;dfh / ;/sf/ ;a} Ps;fy nfUg' k5{ . o;sf] pkrf/ olt dx+uf] 5 ls xfdL h:tf ul/j /fi6«sf dfG5]sf] t s] s'/f wgL /fi6«sf dflg;nfO{ klg uf¥xf] k5{ . To;}n] of]af6 aRg' g} xfd|f nflu Ps dfq pkfo xf] .

5fqfdfly of}g b'Jo{jxf/

klZrd df8Lsf] huGgfyk'/L lgdfljsf Ps lzIfsn] Ps 5fqfnfO{ of}g b'Jo{jxf/ ub}{ cfPsf] 5 . lzIfsx? b]j/fh ;f+5L / lzj cfrfo{n] 5fqfx?nfO{ sIff sf]7faf6 a'jfn] af]nfpg' ePsf] 5 eGb} k':tsfnodf nuL cfkm"n] eg]sf] gdfg] k/LIffdf km]n u/fpg] wDsL lb+b} of}g sfo{ ub}{ cfPsf] kfOPsf] 5 .

pgLx?n] af/Daf/ sIff & / * sf 5fqfnfO{ ljBfno ;dodf hjh{:tL u/L cfTdxTof ug]{ l:ylt;Dd k'¥ofPsf] kLl8t 5fqfx?n] k|x/Ldf lbPsf] ph'/Ldf pNn]v 5 . b'j} lzIfsn] !@ jifL{of df8L …sÚ / !$ jifL{of df8L …vÚ -gfd kl/jt{g_ nfO{ of}g b'Jo{jxf/ u/]kl5 kl/jf/sf] ;Nnfxdf k|x/Ldf ph'/L u/]sf x'g\ .

ph'/Lsf cfwf/df k|x/Ln] b'j} lzIfsnfO{ kqmfp u/L cg';Gwfg yfn]sf] 5 . lzIfs cfrfo{n] sIffdf k9fO/x]sf] ;dodf aflx/ a'jfn] af]nfpg' ePsf] 5 eGb} aflx/ hfg' eGg] / aflx/ /x]sf lzIfs ;fF5Ln] xftdf ;dfP/ k':tsfnodf nuL hjh{:tL uy]{, ph'/Ldf elgPsf] 5 . eg]sf] dfg] kf; u/fO{ lbg] / cfkm\gf] af/]df s;}nfO{ eg] km]n u/fpg] eGb} dfgl;s kL8f lb+b} of}g b'Jo{jxf/ ub}{ cfPsf] pgLx?n] pNn]v u/]sf 5g\ . b'j} 5fqfn] c?nfO{ eGg 8/ nfu]/ kL8f ;xg g;Sbf ljif ;]jg u/L cfTdxTofsf] k|of; u/]sf] / kl5 cleefjsnfO{ hfgsf/L u/fPkl5 k|x/Ldf ph'/L u/]sf x'g\ .

;j{xf/f g]skf dfcf]jfbLsf] u7g

lj/f6gu/ ÷ dft[sf ofbjsf] g]t[Tjdf /x]sf] g]skf dfcf]jfbL kf6L{sf d]rL sf]zL Ao"/f] ;b:o /fh]Gb| k|;fb d08nn] cfkm\gf] g]t[Tjdf ;j{xf/f g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{ dfcf]jfbL u7g ePsf] 5 . d08nn] dft[sf ofbjn] klg Pdfcf]jfbLsf cWoIf k|r08n] h:t} efif0fdf dfq ;Lldt /xL qmflGtsf] gfddf hgtfnfO{ e|ddf kfl//x]sf] eGb} cfkm"x? g]kfndf sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngnfO{ lg0ff{os / pTsif{ ljGb'df k'¥ofpg ;j{xf/f g]skf dfcf]jfbL u7g ul/Psf] atfpg' eof] .

gjul7t kf6L{sf] #% ;b:oLo s]Gb|Lo tby{ ;ldlt u7g ul/Psf] 5 . kf6L{n] dw]zL d'lQm df]r{sf] ;+of]hsdf gu]Gb| emf tyf df]/ª lhNnf cWoIfdf /]vf sfdtnfO{ lhDd]jf/L lbPsf] 5 . ;f] kf6L{n] g]kfndf ;/sf/L sfdsfhsf nflu ax'eflifs gLlt nfu" ul/g'kg]{, cof]Uo n8fs"nfO{ ;/sf/n] Joj:yfkg ug'{ kg]{, ;fdGt, bnfn tyf gf]s/zfxL k"FhLklt ju{sf ;a} cjz]if cGTo ub}{ d'n'ssf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf / /fli6«o :jflwgtfsf] /Iff ug]{ / ;+j}wflgs Joj:yf x'g'kg]{ nufotsf @# a'Fb] dfu ;d]t cl3 ;f/]sf] 5 .

xf]6n dhb'/ ;+3df gofF g]t[Tj

kf]v/f ÷ clvn g]kfn–xf]6n tyf /]:6'/fF dhb'/ ;+3sf] rf}yf]  /fli6«o ;Dd]ngn] gofF g]t[Tj rog u/]sf] 5 . ;Dd]ngn] k|sfz >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf ! ;o &( ;b:oLo gofF sfo{;ldlt rog u/]sf] 5 . jl/i7 pkfWoIfdf /fhg sfkm\n] rog ePsf 5g\ . pkfWoIfx?df /fh]Gb| Gof}kfg], dfwj kf08], s]zj clwsf/L, lkcf/ hf]zL, clhtf  l;Dv8f / lktfDa/ uf}td rog ePsf 5g\ . ;ldltsf] dxf;lrjdf s'df/ kGt lgjf{lrt ePsf 5g\ .

rf/ jif]{ sfo{sfnsf nflu gjlgjf{lrt sfo{;ldltsf kbflwsf/L/nfO{ dfcf]jfbL hgjuL{o ;+u7gsf OGrfh{ hgfb{g zdf{ / dxflwj]zg cfofhs ;ldltsf ;b:o l8nf/fd cfrfo{n] k|lzIf0f lbPsf] lyof] .

dhb'/x? kf6L{ cWoIf k'iksdn bfxfn / pkfWoIf afa'/fd e§/fO{ b'O{ v]dfdf afFl8P/ ljjfb a9\b} uPkl5 kf6L{ g]t[Tjn] clGtd ;dodf ;Dd]ng :yug ug{ lgb]{zg lbPsf] lyof] . bfxfn kIfn] ;a} tof/L k"/f eO;s]sf] eGb} ;Dd]ng u¥of] eg] e§/fO{ kIfn] alxisf/ u/] .

ca dxTjk"0f{ 7fpFdf s]a'n sf/

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/n] w/fg, sfnLsf]6, 8f]6L / sfe|]knf~rf]sdf s]a'n sf/sf] ;DefJotf cWoog u/]sf] 5 . wfld{s Pj+ ko{6sLo dxTjsf] :ynsf] b"/L 5f]6\ofpg / ko{6snfO{ yk cfsif{0f ug{sf nflu s]a'n sf/sf] ;DefJotf cWoog u/]sf] xf] . ;DefJotf cWoogsf nflu @% nfv ?k}ofF ljlgof]hg ul/Psf] lyof] .

e]8]6f/ hfg] cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6snfO{ yk dgf]/~hg lbg] x]t'n] ;DefJotf cWoog u/]sf] lyof] . o;}u/L b'u{d 7fpFsf afl;GbfnfO{ klg s]a'n sf/sf] ;'ljwf lbg ;lsG5 ls eGg] ljifodf klg cWoog ul/Psf] 5 . sfnLsf]6sf] sf]6jf8faf6 rfNgfnfO{ s]a'n sf/af6 hf]l8g] 5 . ;f] If]qdf ;DefJotf cWoogsf nflu & nfv ?k}ofF vr{ ePsf] 5 . k|Voft ko{6sLo :yn tyf :ju{sf] pkdf kfPsf] vKt8nfO{ klg s]a'n sf/n] hf]8\g] of]hgf ;/sf/sf] 5 . 8f]6L lhNnfsf] vKt8df hfg] wfld{s ko{6snfO{ ;lhnf] kfg{sf nflu s]a'n sf/sf] lgdf{0f ug{ nfluPsf] xf] . oBlk, vKt8df s]a'n sf/ sxfFaf6 z'? ug]{ eGg] ljifodf k"0f{ ljj/0f cfOk'u]sf] 5}g .

o;}u/L w'lnv]naf6 knf~rf]s eujtL dlGb/nfO{ hf]8\g] u/L s]a'n sf/sf] ;DefJotf cWoog klg ;DkGg ePsf] 5 . % nfv ?k}ofFsf] nfutdf ;DkGg ePsf] ;f] cWoogn] s]a'n sf/ /fVg ;lsg] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 . w'lnv]naf6 sl/j ! 306fsf] ;dodf uf8Laf6  hfg ;lsg] eP klg w'lnv]n cfpg] ko{6snfO{ yk ;'ljwf tyf dgf]/~hg lbgsf nflu pkof]uL x'g] ts{ cfof]hgf k|d'v /3'j+zLn] atfpg' ePsf] 5 . ut cfjdf ;DkGg ePsf] tL rf/ cf]6} cWoogn] s]a'n sf/ /fVg ;lsg] lgisif{ lgsfn]sf] 5 . oBlk, nfutdf agfpg ;lsg] eGg] ljifodf lgrf]8 cfOg;s]sf] atfOPsf] 5 . tL rf/ j6} cfof]hgfsf nflu ;/sf/n] nufgL gug]{ / ;fj{hlgs lghL ;fe]mbf/L -kLkLkL_ sf cfwf/df lgdf{0f ug{ rfxg] lghL If]qnfO{ lbOg] of]hgf ;/sf/sf] /x]sf] 5 .

o; cl3 ;/sf/n] sf7df8f}+ jl/kl/sf kxf8df s]a'n sf/ lgdf{0f ug]{ ;DaGwdf cWoog u/]sf] lyof] . b'O{ jif{ cl3 ko{6g k"jf{wf/ ljsf; cfof]hgfn] km'Nrf]sL, rDkfb]jL, rGb|flu/L, gfufh'{gdf s]a'n sf/sf] ;DefJotf cWoog u/]sf] lyof] . ;f]xL a]nf w'Gr]af6 uf];fO{s'08 / bf]nvfsf] sfnL~rf]s hf]8\g] s]a'n sf/sf] ;DefJotf cWoog u/]sf] lyof] .

;f] cWoogs} cfwf/df clxn] sf7df8f}+ kmgkfs{n] sl/j ! cj{ ?k}ofF nfutdf yfgsf]6b]lv rGb|flu/L;Dd s]a'n sf/ rnfpg] ePsf] 5 . dgsfdgf s]a'n sf/kl5 of] bf];|f] 7"nf] s]a'n sf/ x'g]5 . s]a'n sf/ 8]9 jif{leq lgdf{0f k"/f x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . s]a'n sf/sf nflu hUuf lnhdf lng] / lsGg] sfd ;lsPsf] 5 .  of] s]a'n sf/ yfgsf]6sf] lqe'jg kfs{ glhsaf6 r9\g ;lsg] / o;sf] nDafO{ ;f9] b'O{ lsnf]ld6/sf] x'g] atfOPsf] 5 . 6k :6]zg, efn]Zj/ 8fF8fdf ko{6snfO{ s]lGb|t u/]/ dxfb]jsf] dlGb/, xf]6n, b[Zofjnf]sg 6fj/, ;ef, afn pBfg, dgf]/~hg kfs{, Sofkm] / au}+rf agfpg] of]ghf 5 . s]a'n sf/sf nflu ! cj{ / c? k"jf{wf/sf nflu yk nufgL x'g] atfOPsf] 5 .

ax'ljjfx ug]{x?sf] ;+Vofdf a[l4

sf7df8f}+ . g]kfnLsf ;/b/ cfo' ^$ jif{ 5 . t/ ^% jif{sf] pd]/df ax'ljjfx ug]{ ;a}eGbf a9L 5g\ eGbf cfZro{ nfUg ;S5 . g]kfnsf] cflwsfl/s cfFs8f cg';f/ ax'ljjfx ug]{x?df ^% jif{ pd]/sf k'?ifn] ;a}eGbf a9L ljjfx u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . ax'ljjfx ug]{df sd{rf/L klg sd 5}gg\ . lghfdtL sd{rf/LeGbf k|x/L / ;]gfdf ax'ljjfx ug]{sf] ;+Vof ;a}eGbf a9L 5 . sfg"gn] ax'ljjfxnfO{ ck/fw 3f]if0ff u/] klg ax'ljjfxsf] ck/fwdf ph'/L ePsf ;+VofnfO{ x]g]{ xf] eg] Hofb} Go"g 5 .

ph'/L btf{ u/fPsfx?df ax'ljjfx ug]{ dlxnf tyf k'?ifsf] ;+Vofdf eg] $) b\]lv $% jif{ pd]/sf dflg;n] a9L ljjfx ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ . dflyNnf] ju{ / k]zfdf ePsf JolQmx?n] ax'ljjfxsf] ph'/L u/]sf] b]lvFb}g, k|x/L tyf ;]gfleqsf] ax'ljjfxsf] ph'/L klg Go"g btf{ ePsf] 5 . lj=;+= @)%% ;fnb]lv ebf} t];|f] ;ftf;Ddsf] ph'/LnfO{ x]bf{ k|x/Ldf hDdf Ps xhf/ !!# hgfn] ax'ljjfx u/]sf 5g\ h;df k|x/L hjfgsf] ;+Vof ;a}eGbf a9L cyf{t\ ;f9] kfFr ;o 5 . ax'ljjfx ug]{ k|x/Lx?df k|x/L gfoj pk/LIfs b'O{, k|x/L lg/LIfs b'O{, k|x/L gfoj lg/LIfs *$, k|x/L ;xfos lg/LIfs !%), k|x/L xjNbf/ @*&, k|x/L hjfg %%$ / k|x/L kl/r/ !( hgf 5g\ .  dlxnf sfg"g / ljsf; d~r tyf dlxnfsf] Gofosf kx'Fr ;d"xn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] ax'ljjfx ;DaGwL sfg"gL Joj:yf, sfof{Gjogsf] l:ylt, r'gf}tLx? / To;sf pkfo ;DaGwL 5nkmn sfo{qmd o:tf] hfgsf/L lbOPsf] 5 .

;]gf tyf k|x/Ldf ax'ljjfx ug]{x? aLr d]nldnfk u/fpg] sfo{ a9L x'g] u/]sf] b]lvof] . ph'/L u/]df h]7L >LdtLnfO{ tnj cfwf lbg] u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 .  lj=;+= @)%* ;fnsf] hgu0fgf cg';f/ g]kfndf b'O{ j6f ljjfx ug]{ hg;+Vof b'O{ nfv &( xhf/ %@% 5 . o;df k'?ifsf] ;+Vof b'O{ nfv && xhf/ $&* / dlxnfsf] b'O{ xhf/ $!& 5 . ;a}eGbf a9L ^% jif{ pd]/ k'u]sf k'?ifx?n] ax'ljjfx u/]sf] b]lvG5 . o;/L ^% jif{df ax'ljjfx ug]{ k'?ifx?sf] ;+Vof %@ xhf/ $!& /x]sf] 5 .

Clif k~rdLsf] dxTj

– dLgf ;'j]bL

efb| z'Sn k~rdL ltly kj{nfO{ Clif k~rdL elgG5 . o; lbg dlxnfåf/f gbL / gldn]df s'jf, kf]v/L, wf/f cflbdf ljz]if ?kn] :gfg ul/G5 . olta]nf k|rlnt Jojxf/df bltjg elgg] ckfdfu{ gfdsf] jg:klt ljz]ifsf] kft / 8fF7nfO{ bGtzf]wg :gfgdf k|of]u ul/G5 . ckfdfu{ :jf:Yoj4{s jg:klt xf] . o;nfO{ jif{el/ k|of]u ug{ ;s] lg/f]uL /xg lgs} ;xof]u k'¥ofpF5 t/ k|ltlbg k|of]u ug{ ;Dej gx'g] ePsfn] olta]nf o;nfO{ ;+If]kLs/0f u/L jif{sf] PskN6 eP klg #^% lbg cg';f/sf] ;+Vofdf o;nfO{ k|of]u ul/G5 . :gfgkl5 o; lbg ul/g] csf]{ ljlw Clif k"hg xf] . oBlk Clif k"hg k|frLgsfndf :qL / k'?if b'j}n] ug]{ u/]sf] b]lvG5 t/ kl5 cfP/ k'?ifn] >fj0fLdf cyf{t\ hg}k"l0f{df / gf/Ln] k~rdLsf] lbg ug]{ ul/Psf] kfOG5 . >fj0fL / k~rdLdf k"hf ul/g] Clifx?sf] gfd / ;+Vofdf a/fa/ cyf{t\ pxL x'g\ .

h;nfO{ j]bsf] dGq / To;sf] cy{sf] 1fg 5 cyjf h;n] cfkm"df ePsf] k|v/ 1fgzlQmn] ;+;f/sf] 1fg ug{ ;s]sf 5g\ pgLx?nfO{ Clif elgG5 . afo'k'/f0fdf Clif zAbsf] rf/ cy{ of nIo atfOPsf] 5 . tL x'g\ ult -1fg_, >'lt, ;To / tk:of . tL dWo] klxnf] ult of 1fgn] lg/Gt/sf] ultzLntf / 1fgdfu{df cu|;/tfnfO{ a'emfpF5 . zf/Ll/s / dfgl;s ;Totf p;sf] t];|f] nIf0f xf] eg] tk:jL hLjg x'g' clGtd :j?k xf] . Clif zAb ;fdfGo 1fgLsf] jfrs geP/ ljlzi6 1fgLsf] jfrs xf] . a|Xdlif{, b]jlif{, dxlif{, /fhlif{ cflb Clifsf cg]s e]b x'G5g\ .

hf] k/d P]Zjo{zfnL a|Xdfsf dfg; k'q x'g\, hf] a'l4åf/f k/d dxt\ cj:yfdf k'u]sf 5g\ . ltgnfO{ dxlif{ elgG5 . To:t} a|Xdfsf hf] dfg; of cf}/; k'q jf k'?if 5g\ tL klg k/d tTj1fgdf cfl>t ePsfn] k/dlif{ g} elgG5g\ . Clif;Dd cfOk'Ubf dfgl;s ;[li6 ;dfKt eO;s]sf] x'G5 . nIosf] b[li6n] eGg] xf] eg] j|Xdlif{sf] r/d nIo xf] a|Xdnf]s k|flKt x'g' . dxlif{df e[u' eujb\ lje"lt x'g\ eg] b]jlif{df gf/b .

dl/lr, clq, clË/f, k'n:To, k'nx, Ct', jl;i7 / gf/b cflb ;d]t ;a} a|Xdfsf dfg; k'q x'g\ h;sf] :yfg a|Xdlif{df kb{5 . jfo'k'/f0fdf wd{sf k'q g/gf/fo0f, Clifk'q afnlvNo, k'n:To k'q sb{d, sZok k'q cl;t, kj{t / b]jnnfO{ b]jlif{df u0fgf ul/Psf] 5 . To:t} hgs, ofoflt zGtg', dfGwftf, ;u/ cflbnfO{ /fhlif{ elgG5 . z/L/df lz/sf] h'g :yfg 5 ;dfhdf Clifx?sf] To:t} :yfg dflgPsf] 5 .

Clif hLjg 1fgsf], tk:ofsf], Tofusf] ultzLntfsf], HjnGt pbfx/0f xf], To;}n] pQ/sfnLg ;dfh Clifx?k|lt s[ts[To x'g k'u]sf] 5 . olt dfq geP/ pgLx?k|lt C0fL ;d]t ag]sf] 5 eGbf klg km/s kb}{g . lsgeg] ljljw cfWoflTds C0f dWo] Pp6f C0f Clif C0f klg dflgPsf] 5 . Clif k~rdL j|t a:g] gf/Lx?n] log} pRrtd Clif cyf{t\ ;KtClif;lxt Clif kTgL c?GwtLsf] s'zsf] d"lt{df k"hf u5{g\ . o; sNksf cyf{t\ o; lbg k"hf ul/g] ;KtClifdf sZok, clq, ef/åfh, ljZjfldq, uf}td, hdblUg / jlzi7 kb{5g\ . o;/L pgLx?sf] k"hf ugf{n] k"/f ug]{ dflg;n] ljljw vfn] bf]if cyf{t\ /h:jnf cj:yfhGo bf]ifaf6 d'lQm kfpF5g\ eGg] wfld{s ljZjf; 5 eg] csf]{tkm{ k'0o k|fKt x'G5 eGg] hgljZjf; klg TolQs} b[9 5 . gf/L hfltdf k|ltdf; x'g] /hf]bz{gnfO{ a|XdfxTof hlgt bf]if dflgPsf] 5 . vf;u/L Clif k"hgaf6 ;f]xL bf]if lgjf/0f x'G5 eGg] ljZjf; 5 .

e"ldxLgx?sf] lj/f]w

lj/f6gu/ ÷ kRrL; jif{ cl3b]lv pkef]u ub}{ cfPsf] :yfgaf6 x6fpg nfu]sf] eGb} lj/f6gu/ @) /fgLsf e"ldxLgx?n] lj/f]w u/]sf 5g\ . pgLx¿n] cfkm"x?n] afa' afh]sf] kfnfb]lv pkef]u ub}{ cfPsf] hldg ljqmL u/]/ pl7jf; u/fpg yfn]sf] eGb} To;nfO{ /f]Sg dfu u/]sf 5g\ .

lj/f6gu/ @) df /x]sf] u'Xo]Zj/L /fO; ldn klZrd ef/tLo ;Ldf If]qsf] vfnL hldgdf jiff}{b]lv a;f]af; u/L Joj;fo ub}{ cfPsf]df xfn ldn ;~rfnsn] dfG5] nufP/ cfkm"x?nfO{ nv]6\g vf]h]sf] pgLx¿sf] cf/f]k 5 . ljgf ljsNk lj:yflkt u/] s8f ;+3if{ ug]{ eGb} pgLx?n] ;+3if{ ;ldlt ;d]t u7g u/]sf 5g\ . lj=;+= @)$$ ;fnb]lv a;f]af; ub}{ cfPsf] :yfg To;} g5f8\g] ;+3if{ ;ldltsf ;+of]hs cd/ >]i7n] atfpg' eof] . cfkm"x? a;]sf] hldg klxn] ;/sf/L /x]sf]df ldn ;~rfnsx? sdn df?, hfgsL df? / s'~h' df?n] @)%^ ;fndf sLt]{ u/]/ cfkm\gf] gfddf k"hf{ agfPsf] pgLx¿sf] egfO{ 5 . ef/tLo ;Ldf If]qsf] % s7f !) w'/ hldgdf %# 3/kl/jf/ e"ldxLgx? a:b} cfPsf 5g\ . cfkm"x?nfO{ Joj;fo u/]/ vfg] u/L csf]{ :yfg pknAw u/fPdf eg] a;]sf] :yfg vfnL ug]{ pgLx¿n] atfPsf 5g\ .

/Qmrfksf /f]uLnfO{ cfn' nfebfos

df]6f]kgfn] u|:t cfn' k|]dLx?sf nflu v'zLsf] vj/ . cfn' vfgfn] /Qmrfk lgoGq0f /xG5 / o;n] tf}n ;d]t ga9\g] s'/f] kl5Nnf] cg';Gwfgn] aflx/ NofPsf] 5 . ;fdfGotM cfn' vfgfn] tf}n a9\g] cfdwf/0ff 5 . o;af/] cWoog bnsf] g]t[Tj ul//x]sf cd]l/sfsf] :Sof/G6g ljZjljBfnosf hf] lj;gsf eG5g\, cfn'sf] gfd lngf;fy xfdL df]6f]kgf, a9L sfjf]{xfO8«]6 / z"Go Sofnf]/Laf/] ;f]R5f}+ . t/ xfd|f] cg';Gwfgn] cfn'sf] kf]if0f ;Da4 5lj :Yflkt ug{ ;3fpg] 5 . /Qmrfkdf sdL x'Fbf x[bo3ftsf] vt/f sd x'G5 . of] cg';Gwfgdf ;fd]n dlxnf / k'?ifsf] ;d"xnfO{ uNkmsf] an cfsf/sf] cfn' ^ b]lv cf7 j6f;Dd lbpF;f] / /fltsf] vfgfdf ;fdfGo cfxf/sf] ?kdf lng elgPsf] lyof] . ;xefuL dWo] w]/}h;f] df]6f]kgf / pRr pQmrfksf] ;d:ofn] u|:t lyP .

Ps dlxgfkl5 pgLx?sf] /Qmrfkdf sdL b]lvof] . s;}sf] tf}ndf klg a[l4 ePg . o; cl3sf] cg';Gwfgdf s] kfOPsf] lyof] eg] /Qmrfk sd ug]{ cf}iflwsf] /;fog tTj h:t} cfn'df ;d]t kfOG5 . cfn'df cf}ifwLdf h:t} s]xL jg:klts /;fog kfOG5 .

cWofb]zdfkm{t cfof]u NofP gdfGg] r]tfjgL

sf7df8f}+ . ;/sf/n] /fi6«klt ;dIf l;kmfl/z u/]sf] ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk cfof]u / a]kQf vf]hlag ;DaGwL cfof]usf] cWofb]z hf/L gug{ clwsf/sdL{x?n] /fi6«kltsf] Wofgfsif{0f u/fPsf 5g\ . hjfkmb]xL lgu/fgL ;ldltsf cWoIf ;'zLn Kofs'/]nsf] g]t[Tjdf /fi6«klt ejg lztn lgjf; k'u]sf dlGb/f zdf{, k|fWofks skLn >]i7, ;'af]w Kofs'/]n, r/0f k|;fO{, sgsdl0f bLlIft nufotsf clwsf/sdL{x?n] /fi6«klt 8f= /fdj/0f ofbjnfO{ e]6L cfddfkmL lbg] u/L cWofb]zdfkm{t cfof]u Nofpg nfluPsf] cfof]u s'g} klg xfntdf gdfGg] hfgsf/L lbPsf x'g\ .

;jf]{Rr cbfntn] @)^$ ;fndf a]kQf ;DaGwL 5'§} sfg"g lgb]{zg lbO;s]sf], cGtl/d ;+ljwfgdf klg 5'§f5'§} cfof]usf] kl/sNkgf ul/Psf] / ;+;bsf] ljwfg ;ldltn] klg b'O{ j6f ljw]os tof/ u/] klg To;nfO{ a]jf:tf u/L b08xLgtfnfO{ k|>o x'g] u/L ;/sf/n] cWofb]zdfkm{t cfof]u Nofpg nfu]sf]df clwsf/sdL{x?n] lj/f]w u/]sf lyP . ;/sf/n] kLl8tnfO{ Gofoaf6 alGrt ug]{ u/L cWofb]z Nofpg nfu]sf]df clwsf/sdL{x?sf] c;Gt'li6 lyof] . ;/sf/nfO{ cWofb]z lkmtf{sf nflu cfx\jfg u/]/ a'emfOPsf] kq / cawf/0ff kqaf/] /fi6«kltnfO{ cjut u/fOPsf] hjfkmb]xL lgu/fgL ;ldltsf ;ldltsf cWoIf ;'zLn Kofs'/]nn] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . o;cl3 kLl8t, clwsf/sdL{ tyf /fli6«o dfgjclwsf/ cfof]u ;d]tsf] ;xeflutfdf tof/ kfl/Psf] cWofb]z ;DaGwL cjwf/0ff kq dlGqkl/ifbsf] ;lrjfnodf a'emfpFb} pgLx?n] c;Gt'li6 hgfPsf lyP .

uDeL/ ck/fwdf ;+nUgx?nfO{ ;d]t pGd'lQm lbg] tyf Gofo, kl/k"/0f / ;Todf kLl8tsf] clwsf/ ;d]t :jLsf/ gul/Psf sf/0f ;/sf/n] Nofpg nfu]sf] ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk / a]kQf 5fglag ;DaGwL cfof]usf] lj/f]w u/]sf] hafkmb]xL lgu/fgL ;ldltsL ;b:o tyf P8\ef]s];L kmf]/dsf cWoIf dlGb/f zdf{n] atfpg' eof] . cfof]u Nofpg vf]lhPsf] k|lqmof / To;df ;dfj]z ljifoj:t' unt /x]sf] hfgsf/L lb+b} zdf{n] kLl8tnfO{ bjfjdf kfg]{ u/L cfof]u Nofpg vf]Hg' cGt/f{li6«o dfkb08, cGtl/d ;+ljwfg / kLl8tsf] clwsf/sf] ;d]t lvnfkdf x'g] atfpg'eof] . ;/sf/n] ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk / a]kQf 5fglag ;DaGwL cfof]u cWofb]zdfkm{t hf/L ug{ ut ;ftf dfq} /fi6«kltnfO{ l;kmfl/z u/]sf] lyof] . ;To lg?k0f tyf d]nldnfk / a]kQf 5fglag ;DaGwL cfof]u b'O{ km/s km/s cfof]u ePklg ;/sf/n] Pp6}df ufe]/ Nofpg] tof/L u/]sf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o ;d'bfon] ;d]t ;/sf/n] Nofpg nfu]sf] of] cfof]u gdfGg] hgfp lbO;s]sf 5g\ .

;Ldf :tDex? x/fP

wgu9L . g]kfn–ef/t ;Ldfdf kg]{ s}nfnL If]qsf] d'Vo / ;xfos u/L ;oeGbf a9L ;Ldf :tDe x/fPsf 5g\ . s}nfnLsf] k"jL{ e]udf kg]{ wgl;+xk'/ !, >Ln+sf 6fk'df kg]{ d'Vo ;Ldf :tDe g++ (* b]lv klZrd wgu9L 8f]s] ahf/sf] !&) PhLsf] aLrsf d'Vo, ;xfos / l/k|m]G; u/L ! ;o @# ;Ldf :tDe x/fPsf 5g\ . x/fPsf dWo] d'Vo @&, ;xfos (% / l/k|m]G; lkn/ ! 5g\ . dd{t ug'{ kg]{ cj:yfdf d'Vo !@ / ;xfos @ :tDe /x]sf 5g\ .
o:t}, s}nfnLsf] k"j{ If]qdf ;Ldf :tDe clwsf+z x/fPsf / eTs]sf] cj:yfdf e]l6Psf] 5 . wgl;+xk'/df d'Vo :tDe !)@ b]lv O{;Dd ^ / !)^ b]lv !)* aL;Dd & j6f :tDe x/fPsf 5g\ . To;}u/L lxSdtk'/df !#! P b]lv !#@ ;Dd, % x;lnof /tgk'/ If]qdf kg]{ !$)  aLb]lv !%) 8an P;Dd % / !$& b]lv !$* aL;Dd * j6f ;Ldf :tDe ufoj ePsf 5g\ . To:t}, kj]/f la;gk'/ / klnof3f6df !%# O{b]lv !^) 8an P;Dd !! j6f ;Ldf :tDe x/fPsf 5g\ .

;Ldf :tDe x/fPsf] :yfgdf g]kfn / ef/tsf] e"ldsf] :ki6 ;Ldf+sg ;d]t gePsf] 5 . Unf]an kf]lh;g l;i6d hLkLP; oGqaf6 x/fPsf ;Ldf :tDe :yfg kQf nufpg] sfd ul/Psf] xf] . ef/tsf] ;Ldf ;'/Iff an -P;P;aL_  / ;z:q k|x/Ln] u/]sf] :ynut lg/LIf0fdf ;Ldf :tDesf] cj:yf / tYof+sdf ;d]t km/s k/]sf] 5 .

uf]nL k|xf/ u/L o'jssf] xTof

nxfg ÷ l;/xfsf] wgu9Ldf Ps o'jssf] uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/Psf] cj:yfdf zj km]nf k/]sf] 5 . wgu9L–% lgjf;L #% jifL{o lzjs'df/ ;fxsf] uf]nL xfgL xTof ul/Psf] cj:yfdf zj km]nf k/]sf] xf] . xTof ul/Psf] :yfg Onfsf k|x/L sfof{no wgu9L glhs} eP klg xTof s;n] / lsg u/]sf] eGg]af/] clxn];Dd s]xL v'Ng g;s]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no l;/xfn] hgfPsf 5g\ . d[ts ;fxsf] d'vdf uf]nL nfu]sf] 5 .

lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no l;/xfsf k|x/L pk/LIfs ljqmd u'?ªn] lhNnfdf ;'/Iffl:ylt ;fdfGo agfpg] bfjL u/] klg Ps o'jssf] xTof ePsf] 5 . j]kQf ;fxsf] xTof u/L wgu9L–! df kmflnPsf] cj:yfdf zj km]nf k/]sf] lhNnf k|x/L sfof{no l;/xfn] hgfPsf] 5 . 36gf:yn d[tssf] cfkm\g} 3/b]lv b'O{ lsnf]ld6/ 6f9f dfq 5 . 36gf:ynaf6 k|x/Ln] tLg yfg rfOlgh k]:tf]nsf] vf]sf / Ps yfg y|L–g6–y|L /fOkmnsf] vf]sf a/fdb u/]sf] 5 .

k|wfg;]gfklt 6«lkm @)^( ;DkGg

sf7df8f}+ .  efb| #! ut] b]lv >L ;}lgs zf/Ll/s tflnd tyf v]ns'b s]Gb|, nugv]nsf] v]n d}bfgdf z'? ePsf] k|wfg;]gfklt 6«lkm @)^(Æ ;DkGg ePsf v]nx?sf] glthf o; k|sf/ /x]sf] 5 .

-s_k'?if tk{m %))) ld6/ kmfOgn v]n
-!_ljz]if kmf}hsf cd= xl/ s'df/ l/dfnk|yd  -!%M!!=#%_
-@_ljz]if kmf}hsf Ko"7 sNof0f aflgoflåtLo -!%M!@=(&_
-#_dWo k[tgfsf cd= /fh s'df/ lji6t[tLo -!%M!#=%*_
-v_k'?if xfO{hDk tk{m kmfOgn
-!_dWo klZrd k[tgfsf Ko"7 ;"o{ vqLk|yd  -!=*%dL_
-@_;'b"/ klZrd k[tgfsf l;= k|]d axfb'/ l;+xlåtLo -!=*)dL_
-#_k'jL{ k[tgfsf l;= ;Gtf]if /Dt]nt[tLo  -!=&)dL_
-u_l8:s; k'?if tkm{sf] kmfO{gn
-!_k"jL{ k[tgfsf u'=sf=x' tf/f axfb'/ sfsL{k|yd  -#&=^)dL_
-@_pkTosf k[tgfsf hd= s[i0f axfb'/ lu/LlåtLo -#^=$!dL_
-#_ljz]if kmf}hsf x'= lai0f' axfb'/ s'+j/t[tLo -#%=@)dL_

;jf]{Rrdf l/6 bfo/

sf7df8f}+ . clwjQmfåo ;'lgn /+hg l;+x / clwjQmf lbk]Gb| emfn] lqe'jg ljZjljBfno ;]jf cfof]usf] sfof{nosf] ldlt @)^(÷^÷! ut]sf] lj1fkg g+= #÷)^(÷&) uf]/vfkqdf v'Nnftkm{ dfkm{t k|sflzt lj1fkgn] g]kfnsf] cGtl/d ;+ljwfg @)^# sf] k|:tfjg, wf/f !#-#_, P]=P]= sf] wf/f @! df}lns xsdf, wf/f ## -3!_ / lqe'jg ljZjljBfno lzIfs sd{rf/L ;]jf ;DaGwL lgod @)%) sf] lgod ^=#-%_ lghfdlt ;]jf P]g @)$( sf] bkmf & sf] pk bkmf & ;d]tsf] ljkl/t /x]sf]n] ;f] lj?4 l/6 bfo/ u/]sf 5g\ .

eQmk'/ ;8s dxf]T;j

sf7df8f}+ . eQmk'/df cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6ssf] cfudg a[l4 ug]{ tyf snf, ;+:s[lt / pTkfbgsf] k|j4{g ug]{ p2]Zon] ef]ln zlgjf/ klxnf] k6s eQmk'/ ;8s dxf]T;j @)^( cfof]hgf x'g] ePsf] 5 . eQmk'/ lhlj;, eQmk'/ pBf]u jfl0fHo ;+3 / eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfn] /fhwfgLdf cfof]hgf u/]sf] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf ;f] s'/fsf] hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] xf] . gu/kflnsfsf k"j{ k|d'v ;'lgn k|hfkltn] cfGtl/s tyf afXo ko{6ssf] cfudg a[l4 ug{ eQmk'/df klxnf]k6s ;8s dxf]T;j cfof]hgf ug{ nfluPsf] hfgsf/L lbg' eof] . kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf af]Nb} dxf]T;j d"n cfof]hs ;ldltsf] ;+of]hs k|]d ;'jfnn] eQmk'/nfO{ :jR5, ;f+:s[lts gu/, ko{6sLo uGtJo:yn / lzIff Pj+ ;+:s[ltsf] s]Gb| agfpg] nIosf ;fy dxf]T;jsf] tof/L ul/Psf] 5 .

dxf]T;jdf P]ltxfl;s / ;f+:s[lts gfr e}n KofvF, b]jL KofvF, kmfFsbfnL, dfs KofvF, nfv] KofvV, gf}afhf nufotsf k|bz{gL, vfgf dxf]T;j, gf}sf ljxf/, dWok'/ lyldsf] ;f+:s[lts Pj+ Jofj;flos k|bz{+gL, g]jf/ hfltsf] hLjg z}nL, ;]/fldS;sf k/Dk/fut pTkfbg, s[lif pTkfbg, gfrufg, bxL / of]d/L k|bz{gL, bxL dxf]T;j, ljB'tLo ;fdu|L k|bz{gL ;d]t /xg] 5 .

dxf]T;jdf :jb]zL / ljb]zL ko{6sx?sf] nflu k|d'v cfsif{0f x'g'sf ;fy} eQmk'/sf] snf ;+:s[lt, ;Dkfbf, df}ns pTkfbg / hLjgz}nL k|j4{g u/L ko{6g pBf]u, 3/]n' tyf ;fgf demf}nf pBf]usf] ljsf;sf] ;fy} lhNnfs} cfly{s ljsf;df d2t k'Ug] ck]Iff cfof]hs kIfn] lnPsf] 5 . eQmk'/ gu/kflnsfsf] d'Vo ;8sel/ cfof]hgf ul/g] ;8s dxf]T;jdf @))) :6n /xg] kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf hfgsf/L u/fOPsf] 5 .

dgLiff tLh ;'Gb/L

sfe|] . l;Ne/ ;fOg Oe]G6 Dofg]hd]G6 u|'kn] cfof]hgf u/]sf] PlS;g tLh ;'Gb/Lsf] pkflw dgLiff >]i7n] lh6]sL l5g\ . kgf}tLsL dgLiffn] !( k|lt:kwL{nfO{ kl5 kfb}{ k|ltof]lutfsf] pkflw lht]sL x'g\ . pgn] tLh ;'Gb/Lsf] pkflwsf ;fy} j]:6 k|m]08l;ksf] pkflw klg lhltg\ . km:6 /g/ck lg? Gof}kfg] tyf ;]s]08 /g/cksf] pkflw lqml:6gf >]i7n] xft kf/]sL l5g\ . k|ltof]lutfdf a;GtL zdf{n] j]:6 k;{gfln6L, :jl:tsf aGhf/fn] j]:6 l8l;Kn]g tyf /f]hL kflv|gn] j]:6 jfssf] pkflw kfP .

o:t} k|ltof]lutfdf cg'iff sdf{rf/Ln] a]:6 l:sg, /l;nf yfkfn] j]:6 :dfOn, ;/:jtL dfgGw/n] j]:6 kmf]6f]h]lgs, k|tLIff sdf{rf/Ln] j]:6 x]o/ / OlGb/f sf]O/fnfn] j]:6 8«];sf] pkflw kfPsf lyP .

lgMz'Ns le;fsf] dfu

sf7df8f}+ . wdf]{bo ;efn] n'lDagLdf /x]sf ljb]zL af}4 ljxf/x?df cfjf;Lo k|ltlglwsf ?kdf /xFb} cfpg'ePsf ljb]zL af}4 leIf'x? tyf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ le;f z'Ns lng] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] lg0f{osf] lj/f]w u/]sf] 5 . ljb]zL af}4 ljxf/ lgdf{0fsfndf ul/Psf] ;Demf}tfdf tL ljxf/x?sf] ;+/If0f / ;+j4{gsf nflu !) hgf af}4 leIf' tyf kbflwsf/Lx?nfO{ lgMz'Ns le;f ;'ljwf lbg] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . n'lDagL e|d0f jif{sf] cjlwdf o; k|sf/sf] lg0f{o cfpg' / ;f]sf] t'?Gt sfof{Gjog k|f/De ug'{ lgs} b'MvbfoL ePsf] 5 .

;efn] cd]l/sfsf] Ps h'Qf pTkfbs sDkgLn] s/f]8f}+ hgtfsf cf:yfsf s]Gb|ljGb' tyf g]kfnsf /fli6«o lje"lt eujfg\ a'4sf] t:jL/ h'Qfdf /fv]/ a]rljvg u/]/ af}4dfuL{sf] cf:yfdf rf]6 k'/\ofPsfn] pQm lgGbgLo sfo{sf] eT;{gf ub}{ To:tf] pTkfbg aGb ug{ / ahf/df cfO;s]sf To:tf pTkfbg lkmtf{ lng nufpgsf nflu g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf cd]l/sg /fhb"tfjf;dfkm{t cd]l/sL ;/sf/ ;dIf lj/f]w kq lbg] lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .

;efn] n'lDagLsf] af/]df ef/tLo cltjfbLx?n] ub}{ cfPsf] ldYof k|rf/sf] s8f lj/f]w u/]sf] 5 . ;fy}, g]kfnsf pk/fi6«klt tyf dGqLx?;d]t pkl:yt xfn} sf7df8f}+df cfof]lht Ps sfo{qmddf ef/tsf] nvgpsf k"j{d]o/n] eujfg\ uf}td a'4sf] hGd ef/tdf ePsf] egL ef/tsf] x}kfxfkg k|bz{g u/]sf]df pQm sfo{sf] lj/f]w u/]sf] 5 .