jif{ @!, c+s @#, @)^( c;f]h $ ut] laxLaf/

–lgdsfGt kf08]–

tL; xhf/sf] ;+Vofdf /x]sf hgd'lQm ;]gfsf n8fs'x¿dWo] Ps xhf/ $ ;o hgfn] g]kfnL ;]gdf ;dof]hgsf lglDt 5ftL gkfpg] sfd ;'? ePsf] 5 . ;DejtM cem} cfwf hlt g]kfnL ;]gfsf nflu cof]Uo ;fljt x'g] 5g\ / k|r08–afa'/fdsf] ;]gf ;dfof]hgsf] k|of; k"0f{tM ljkmn eP/ klg …zflGtk|lqmof ;DkGgÚ ePsf] elgg]5 pgLx¿sf nflu . zfob oxL sfdsf] ;DkGgtfsf nflu k|r08 / afa'/fdn] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf tk{maf6 …nf]stGqjfbLÚsf] k'/:sf/ kfPsf 5g\ . cd]l/sfn] dfcf]jfbLnfO{ …cft+ssf/LÚsf] ;"rLaf6 x6fPsf] 5 .

dfcf]T;]t'ªn] …sfuhLaf3Ú 7fGg' ePsf] cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb k|r08–afa'/fdsf] 7"nf] zlQmzfnL ju{ldq aGg k'u]sf] 5 olta]nf . t];|f] ljZjo'4df ;+;f/sf ;a} pTkLl8t /fi6«x¿sf] ;femf b'Zdg cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb g} x'g]5 eg]/ dfcf]T;]t'ªn] ug{' ePsf] ls6fgLtk{m cd]l/sL zf;sx¿sf] uGtJo b]lv+b}5 . ;+;f/sf w]/} d'n'sx¿df cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbsf cv8fx¿df cfqmd0f eO/x]sf] jt{dfg ;dodf k|r08 / afa'/fdsf] ju{ldqtf ToxL cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb;Fu x'g k'u]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] …cft+ssf/LÚsf] ;"rLaf6 cfˆgf] kf6L{nfO{ x6fPsf]df k|r08 / afa'/fdn] To;sf] :jfut u/]sf 5g\ . cfk"mx¿sf] w]/} klxn]b]lvsf] cg'/f]wnfO{ cd]l/sfn] :jLsf/ u/]sf]df cd]l/sL ;/sf/nfO{ pgLx¿n] wGojfb klg lbPsf 5g\ . of] l:ylt :ki6 ¿kn] k|r08 / afa'/fdsf] /fhgLlts ktgsf] k/fsfi6f xf] eGg] 5n{ª\u 5 .

cd]l/sfn] g]skf -dfcf]jfbL_nfO{ lsg …cft+ssf/LÚsf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] xf] < of] k|Zg k|r08 / afa'/fdsf] /fhgLlts ktgnfO{ ¿kfGt/0fsf] qmdeË 7fg]/ yk8L ahfO/x]sfx¿ ;a}n] cf–cfˆgf] dly+un;Fu ;f]Wg'kg{]

a]nf ePsf] 5 . hgo'4sfnsf dfcf]jfbLsf lqmofsnfkx¿sf cfwf/df g} cd]l/sfn] p;nfO{ …cft+ssf/LÚsf] ;"rLdf /fv]sf] hgfPsf] lyof] . s] hgo'4sfnsf dfcf]jfbL ultljlwx¿ cft+ssf/L lyP < k|r08 / afa'/fd;Fu sfo{stf{x¿n] ;f]Wg'kb{5 ca . olb cft+ssf/L ultljlw g} lyP eg] To:tf] sfo{df hgtfnfO{ lsg nufOof] < To; jfktdf k|r08 / afa'/fdnfO{ bl08t lsg gug{] < lsg !^ xhf/ g]kfnLnfO{ dfg{ nufOof] < lsg /fHosf ;+/rgfx¿ Wj:t ug{ nufOof] < glhs cfO/x]sf] Pg]skf -dfcf]jfbL_sf] dxflwj]zgdf k|r08 / afa'/fdnfO{ ;f]Wg'kg{] k|Zgx¿ x'g\ oL Û

cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbl;t k|r08 / afa'/fdn] cfTd;dk{0f u/]sf 5g\ . cGoyf cd]l/sfaf6 …nf]stGqjfbLÚsf] laNnf logLx?n] kfpg] lyPgg\ eGg] s'/f :ki6 5 . k|r08 / afa'/fdn] /fli6«otfsf] d'2f 5f]l8;s]sf 5g\ . hghLljsfsf ;jfndf klg k|r08 / afa'/fdn] ;j{xf/fju{sf] lxt x'g] af6f] Toflu;s]sf 5g\ eGg] s'/f ;'s'Daf;L j:tLdf rnfO/x]sf] 8f]h/ cft+sn] :ki6 ;Gb]z u/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfbn] v'nf ¿kdf bnfO{ nfdfsf b"tx¿;Fu sf7df8f}+d} jftf{nfk ug{ rfFhf]kfFhf] ldnfOlbg] afa'/fd ;/sf/nfO{ …nf]stGqjfbLÚ 7fGg' lgZro klg cGoyf xf]Og . afa'/fd ;/sf/sf] of] ;xof]un] g]kfndf cd]l/sL s7k'tnL tof/ ePsf] ;Gb]z k|jfx u/]sf] 5 . t/ k|f/Dedf cfk"mn] cfjZostf 7fg]/ cd]l/sfn] s7k'tnL agfPsf JolQmx¿ kl5 cd]l/sfs} lg;fgfdf dfl/Psf 5g\ . pbfx/0fsf nflu cf];fdf ljg nfb]g / ;2fd x';}g tfhf kfq 5g\ . To:tf 36gfx¿ k|r08 / afa'/fdsf lglDt lzIff x'g' h?/L 5 . cd]l/sfn] g]kfnnfO{ rLglj?4 k|of]u ug{ rfx]sf] 5 eGg] s'/f s'g} klg ;r]t g]kfnLnfO{ dfq geP/ ;+;f/nfO{ yfxf 5 . ;+;f/nfO{ yfxf ePsf] of] ljifo k|r08 / afa'/fdfO{ yfxf gx'g] s'/f x}g . cd]l/sfn] …nf]stGqjfbLÚsf] laNnf nufOlbP/ Pdfcf]jfbLnfO{ rLglj?4 k|of]u ug{] gLlt lnPsf] 5 eGg] s'/f Pdfcf]jfbLleqsf ;r]t / OdfGbf/ JolQmx¿n] a'‰g h?/L 5 . k|r08 / afa'/fdsf] /fhgLlts ktg r/d pTsif{df k'lu;s]sf] 5 . pgLx¿n] bzjif{] hgo'4sf pknlAwx¿nfO{ Ps÷Ps u/]/ ;dfKt kfb{}5g\ . hgtfaf6 sAhf u/fOPsf ;fdGt hldGbf/x¿sf 3/hUuf lkmtf{ u/fpg :jo+ k|r08sf] v6gk6g / afa'/fd ;/sf/sf] k|zf;lgs pbL{n] k|r08 / afa'/fd hglj/f]wL cleofgsf nfu]sf 5g\ eGg] :ki6 x'G5 . kf6L{leqsf ;Rrf qmflGtsf/Lx¿nfO{ kf6L{af6 cnu x'g afWo kf/]/ l;dfkf/Lsf bnfnx¿;Fu u7aGwg u/L g]kfnL hgtfdfly zf;g ul//xg] k|r08–afa'/fdsf] rfxgf :ki6 eO;s]sf] 5 . sfn{dfS;{n] …;fd|fHojfbsf] 3f]+8fÚ eg]/ cf/f]lkt ug{'ePsf la|l6z ;fd|fHojfbsf g]kfnL bnfn tTsfnLg >L # hËaxfb'/ /f0ffsf] sfo{z}nL cg'z/0f ub{} ;fd|fHojfbsf] s7k'tnL aGg] cleofgdf /x]sf k|r08–afa'/fdn] nufPsf] dfcf]jfbsf] d'vf}6f] cfufdL dxflwj]zg;Ddf pbfËf] x'g] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 .

–rGb|k|sfz aflgofF

;+ljwfg;efsf] lgjf{rg nuQ}b]lv k|f/De ePsf] /fhgLlts bnx¿aLr ;xdlt h'6fpg] s;/tn] cfh;Dd klg lg/Gt/tf kfO/x]sf] 5 . b'O{ jif{sf nflu eg]/ hgfb]z kfPsf] ;+ljwfg;efn] bf]Aa/ cjlw vkt ul/;Sbf klg ;xdlt h'6fpg ;s]g / cgk]lIft cj;fg j/0f u¥of] . cf}krfl/s ¿kd} ;+ljwfg;efsf] d[To'sf] 3f]if0ff ePsf] klg ;f9]tLg dlxgf lalt;Sof] . km]l/ klg /fhgLlts bnx¿ ;xdltsf] s;/tdf h'6]s} 5g\ . ljutsf] cg'ejn] /fhgLlts ;xdlt h'6\g] ;Defjgfsf] cfzf IfL0f e};s]sf] 5 eGgnfO{ lxlRsrfpg' gkg]{ ePsf] 5 . sd;]sd g]kfnL hgtfx¿n] jt{dfg /fhgLltsg]t[Tjaf6 To:tf] rdTsf/sf] cfzf dfl/;s]sf 5g\ . /fhgLltsbnx¿ :jo+nfO{ ;xdlt h'6\g] s'/fdf ljZjf; geP klg b'lgofFnfO{ cf–cfkm\gf]tkm{af6 ;xdltsf] nflu clwstd k|oTg ePsf] xf] eg]/ b]vfpgs} nflu x/]s k6ssf] c;kmntfkl5 klg km]l/ km]l/ ;xdltsf] nflu k|oTg/t /x]sf] 9f]+u b]vfpg] ul/Psf] 5 eGg' cTo'lQm x'Fb}g .

ljut $ jif{sf] cEof;n] g]kfnL /fhgLltsbnx¿ d'n'ssf] lxtsNof0fsf nflu kf6L{:jfy{ Tofu]/ Ps} 7fpFdf pleg} ;Qm}gg\ eGg] k|dfl0ft ul/lbPsf] 5 . ;a} bnx¿aLr ;femf;xdltsf] ljGb' km]nfkfg]{ sf]lz; Joy{k|oTg xf] eGbf km/s gkg]{ e};s]sf] 5 . ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfg lgsfNg] s'/fdf ;fFRr} g} bnx¿ OdfGbf/ /x]sf x'g\ eg] bnut km/s ljrf/ / b[li6sf]0fx¿nfO{ k|lqmof / ljlwaf6 6'Ëofpg] af6f] cnnDagug'{sf] s'g} ljsNk 5}g . jt{dfg ult/f]waf6 d'n'snfO{ d'Qmug]{ af6f] lst ;+jljwfg;efsf] k'g:yfkgf xf] lst ;+ljwfg;efs} nflu gof lgjf{rgdf hfg' xf] eGg] s'/fdf ;a}sf] ;xdlt e};s]kl5 of] jf Tof] ljsNkdf hfg] lg0f{odf k'Ug bnx¿sf nflu sl7g gx'g'kg]{ xf] . lgsf;sf] af6f] s] xf] eGg] s'/fdf :ki6 e};s]kl5 klg cndn / cfn6fn ug'{sf] s'g} cy{ 5}g .

Rff/ rf/ jif{ nfdf] ;do cfk;L lvrftfgL / cGof]ndf Joy{ v]/kmflnof] . Tof] ;dosf] Ifltk"lt{sf] pQd ljsNk 5f]6f] cjlwsf nflu ;+ljwfg;efsf] k'g:yfkgf g} xf] . t/ of] d'n'ssf ljåfg, a'l4hLjL, sfg'glj1 nufot :jo+ /fi6«kltsf] ;d]t gofF lgjf{rgdf hfg'kg]{ ;femf wf/0ff ;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . oxLg]/ ljrf/ ug'{kg]{ s'/f s] xf] eg] lj3l6t ;ljwfg;efn] tf]lsPsf] ;dodf ;+ljwfg agfpg ;s]g To;}n]] gofF lgjf{rgdf hfg'k5{ eg]/ wf/0ff agfpg' unt xf] . ;+ljwfg gag]sf] sf/0f /fhgLlts c;xdlt xf] . lj3l6t ;+ljwfg;efdf ;xdlt h'6]g To;}n] gofF lgjf{rgdf hfg'k5{ eGg' ;d:ofnfO{ clnk/ ws]Ng] s'/f dfq} xf] . ljut rf/jif{sf] cjlwdf g]kfnsf] /fhgLtdf w]/} pynk'yn e};s]sf] 5 . kf6L{x¿df cfPsf] ljefhg, dte]b / kf6L{x¿k|lt r'lnb} uPsf] hgcljZjf;sf sf/0fn] gofF lgjf{rgdfkm{t k|s6x'g] hgdt cem ljeflht x'g;Sg] ;Defjgf iki6 b]lvPsf] 5 . ca cfof]lht x'g] lgjf{rgn] hgdtnfO{ cem w]/} lsQfdf ljefhg ul/lbg] lglZrt 5 . To:tf] l:yltdf olta]nfsf] ;+ljwfg;efdf h:tf] #÷$ j6f bnx¿;Fu *)÷() k|lt;t hgfb]z /xg] 5}g . To;n] /fhgLlts ;xdlt lgdf{0f cem hl6n / c;Dej agfOlbg] 5 . ;+ljwfgn] Joj:yfu/]sf] ;+ljwfgsf wf/f pkwf/f kfl/t ug{ssf lgldQ cfjZos b'O{ltxfO{sf] u0fk'/s;+Vof h'6fpg} g;lsg] kl/l:ylt lgdf{0f x'g;Sg] ;DefjgfnfO{ OGsf/ ug{ ;lsb}g .

;+ljwfg;efn] k6s k6s cfkm\gf] cfo' cfkm} nDAofpFFb} uPsf] s'/fnfO{ g]kfnL ;dfhn] ?rfPsf] t cjZo lyPg t/ kl5Nnf] ;dodf ;+ljwfg lgdf{0fsfo{ k"/fx'g] cfzf hgtfdf hufPsf] cjZo lyof] . @÷$ dxlgfsf] yk cjlw kfPsf] eP lj3l6t ;+ljwfg;efn] d'n'snfO{ gofF ;+ljwfg lbg] 5 eg]/ ljZj:t x'g ;lsg] kl/l:ylt b]lvPsf] lyof] . ljnDa u/]/} eP klg k"/f x'g} cfF6]sf] d'n'ssf] sfo{ef/ ljyf]Ng] / cj/f]w k'¥ofpg] sfd ;jf]{Rr cbfntaf6 kl5Nnf]k6s hf/L ePsf] cGtl/d cfb]zn] u/]sf] lyof] . d'n'sn] olta]nf Aoxf]g'{k/]sf] hl6n ;d:ofsf] sf/s ToxL cfb]z g} xf] . d'nssf ;a}kIfn] ljgfcfu|x of] ljifonfO{ o;/L g} :jLsfg]{ xf] eg] ;d:of ;dfwfg Tolt ufx|f] s'/f xf]Og . ;+ljwfg;efsf] Dofb tLg dlxgf yKg] ;/sf/sf] k|:tfj lj?4 ;jf]{Rrdf k/]sf] l/6sf] clGtd km};nf e};s]sf] 5}g . ;j{kIfLo ;dxdltdf ;jf]{Rrn] tLg dlxgf DofbyKg ldNg] km};nf lbg' ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] ;jf]{Qd pkfo x'g;S5 .

xf]Og, cbfntaf6 To:tf] km};nf x'g ;Qm}g eg] klg olta]nf /fhgLltsbnx¿n] gofF lgjf{rgdf hfg] lg0f{olng'eGbf ;+ljwfg;efsf] k'g:yfkgfug]{ lg0f{o lng' pko'Qm / ;fdlos lgsf; x'g;S5 . s'/f slt dfq} xf] eg] k'g:yfkgfk"j{ of] jf Tof] kIfaf6 Tof] jf csf]{ k"j{;t{ /fVg' x'Fb}g . ;/sf/ jf ;+ljwfgsf ljjflbt elgPsf cGtj{:t'x¿sf] l5gf]kmfgf] ug]{ l;+uf] lhDd]jf/L k'g:yflkt ;+;bnfO{ g} lbg'k5{ . Tof] dfq} ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] Psdfq ;jf]{Qd, nf]stflGqs / Jofjxfl/s ljlw ;fljt x'g;S5 . lgzt{ ;+ljwfg;efsf] k'g:yfkgfn] olta]nf b]lvPsf] æ;/sf/ klxn] ls, ;+ljwfgsf ljjflbt ljifodf ;xdlt klxn] <Æ eGg]h:tf] Joy{sf] emu8f ;dfKt x'g]5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] k'g:yfkgf e};s]kl5 ;/sf/ / ;+ljwfg b'a}sf] km};nfug]{ cj;/ p;}nfO{ lbOg'k5{ . tLg dlxgfleq ljjflbt ljifonfO{ k|lqmofdf nu]/ klg 6'Ëofpg ;+ljwfg;ef ;kmn x'g]5 eGg] s'/fdf z+sfug'{kg]{ cj:yf 5}g . Vofn/fVg'kg]{ s'/f sltdfq} xf] eg] ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;/sf/ lgdf{0fsf] slxNo} k"/f gx'g] ;xdltlgdf{0fsf] s;/tdf cNemfpg' x'Fb}g . ;/sf/ kl/jt{g d'n'ssf] cfjZostf g} xf] eg] ;fdfGo ax'dtaf6 gofF ;/sf/sf] lgjf{rg ug'{k5{ .

olta]nf ;/sf/kIf / k|ltkIf b'a}sf] æe};Lb]lv hf]uL 8/fpg], hf]uL b]Vbf e};L 8/fpg]Æ eg]h:tf] l:ylt b]lvPsf] 5 . ;+ljwfg;efsf] k'g:yfkgf g} olta]nfsf] ;d:of ;dfwfg / ult/f]w cGTosf] ;jf]{Qd af6f] xf] . oxLFg]/ ljrf/ k'¥ofpg'kg]{ s'/f s] xf] eg] k'g:yflkt ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ ;+ljwfg cg'df]bg -kfl/t_ ug]{ lg/Lx ;+:yf agfpg x'Fb}g . k'g:yflkt g} x'g] xf] eg] ljjflbt ljifo ;N6ofpg] clwsf/ ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ g} lbg'k5{ . To;f] ubf{ s;}sf] hLt jf xf/ x'Fb}g . nf]stGqdf ax'dtsf] lg0f{o ;a}sf] nflu dfGo x'g'k5{ . ax'dt cfkm\gf] kIf jf ljkIfdf 5 eg]/ ;d:of v8fug]{ k|j[lQnfO{ nf]stGqk|ltsf] k|lta4tf eGg ;lsGg . km]l/ Psk6ssf] ax'dt jf cNkdt ;w}sf] nflu rL/:yfoL x'Fb}g . dt÷cledt kl/jt{gzLn x'G5 . ;+ljwfg c;+zf]wgLo b:tfj]h x'g;Qm}g . hgdt, hgrfxgf / hglg0f{on] ;+ljwfgsf cGta{:t'x¿ klg cfjZostf cg';f/ kl/jt{g x'g ;S5g\ g} . ;+ljwfg;efnfO{ :jtGq 5f]l8lbg] xf] eg] ;/sf/ u7glj36g / ;+ljwfg;efsf cGta{:t'x¿df /x]sf] ljjfb ljlw;+ut 9|uaf6 ;dfwfg x'g]5g\ .

hxfF;Dd hgtfsf] ;Gt'li6 jf c;Gt'li6sf] s'/f xf] hgck]IffnfO{ ;+af]wgug]{ ;+ljwfg aGg] xf] eg] ;do hlt g} a9L lnP klg hgtfn] lrQ a'emfpg] 5g\, ;xif{ :jLsf/ ug]{5g\ . hgtfn] /fhgLlts bnx¿sf] csd0o{tf / ;+ljwfg;efsf] h'D;f]kgfnfO{ klg Ifdf lbg]5g\ . d'n's;fd' olta]nf b]lvPsf] ult/f]wsf] cGt x'g]5 , d'n's;fd' pkl:yt ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg x'g]5g\ d'n'sn] gofF ult lng]5 . olta]nf lgjf{rgdf hfg] ;j{;Ddt lg0f{o ul/P klg lgjf{rg x'g] eg]sf] gofF jif{nfu]kl5 dfq} xf] . cyf{t d'n'sdf lgjf{rg cfof]hgfsf] lgldQ pko'Qm ;do jiff{Gt jf gofFjif{sf] cf/Dedf; g} xf] . ;j{;Ddltn] ;+ljwfg;ef k'g:yfkgf ug]{ / ljlwjt k|lqmof k'¥ofP/ ;+ljwfg 3f]if0ff ug]{ sfd tLg dlxgfleq ;lsg]5 / cfufdL r}tj}zfv dlxgfleq gofF ;+;bsf nflu lgjf{rgdf cfof]lht ug{ ;lsg] 5 .

–ljgf]b lrGts

ofqfdf cfsn}08af6 l6–k's] cfˆgf] uGtJo :yn k'Ug]qmddf aLrdf ;+;f/sf] cb'e"t gu/ …/f]6?jfÚ k¥of] . cl3Nnf] c+sdf yf]/} n]v]sf] 5' of] c;fWo] /fd|f] gu/ /x]5 . ljZjsf] Pp6} ;lqmo Hjfnfd'vLsf] gu/ . d sf]t'xn pT;'stf tyf cfˆgf] :jefj cg'¿k lh1fz' klg eP+ .

l6–k's] k'u]/ ;fdfGo lbg rrf{ kZrft d 3f]l/g k'+u] …/f]6?jfÚsf af/]df . /ftL el/ d lgbfpg ;lsg, slxNo] pHofnf] xf]nf / …/f]6?jfÚ k'u]/ cfˆgf] lh1fzfnfO{ lj/fd nufpg ;Sg] 5' d]/L >Ldlt zflGt af/Daf/ elg /x]sL l5g, yfSg' ePsf] 5– ca ;'Tg' xf]; t/ dnfO{ lgb|f nfu] kf] t . dl:tisdf …/f]6?jfÚ g} 3'dL /x]sf] 5 . o:tf] eofjx 8/nfUbf] kl/l:yltdf s;/L ToxfFsf gu/jf;Lx¿ o;/L cToGt cfdf]b k|df]bsf ;fy hLjg lgjf{x ul//x]sf 5g\ . w]/} k6s :jf:gLn] ;'Tg cg'/f]w ubf{ d cfgfdf; l/;fP/ eGg k'u] 5' – …zfGtLÚ /f]6?jfdf o:tf] ljifd kl/l:yltdf klg dflg;x¿ o;/L Joj:yfkg ug{ ;Ifd 5g . xfd|f] b]zdf s] 5}g eg t < k|s[ltn] g]kfnnfO{ lbg' eGbf klg w]/} lbPsf] 5 . t/ klg ljsf;sf] qmddf xfdL olt k5f8L lsg < …zfGtLÚ jf]Ng} ;lsgg\ . lj:tf/} Psl5g kl5 elG5g– xh'/ xfdL sxf+ /fhg]tf sf]xL ePgg\ ls < /fhgLlt1 w]/} eP, d'n's / d'n'saf;Lk|lt uxg lhDd]jf/L af]w ePsf /fhg]tf gePsfn] xf] ls <

d cgfof; pgnfO{ ydydfpg k'u]5' . d zfGtLnfO{ wGofjfb lbg s'g] sGh':ofO{+ ulb{g .

d slxNo] pHofnf] xf]nf clg …/f]6?jfÚ k'uf}+ h:tf] e} ;s]sf] 5 . Tolt nfdf] !! !! 306f sf] p8fgaf6 cfP/ yfs]sf] z/L/ cf/fd lng k6Ss} rfx]sf] 5}g . h;/L x'G5 l56f] eGbf l56f] /f]6?jf k'Ug] wfjGgdf dl:tis /x]sf] 5 .

;fgf] aRrf zog lji6n] ;f]W5– s] eof] xh"/nfO{ < ;Grf] ePg ls < d lg+bfpg g;s]sf] b]v]/ p;nfO{ Pp6f sf}t'xn eP 5 . ca w]/} /ftL e} ;s]sf] 5– ;'Tg' xf]; . lgGb|f cfP kf] t . lbdfudf …/f]6?jfÚ g} gfrL /x]sf] 5 .

a8f] ufx|f] x'Fbf] /x]5– k|ltIffsf] ;do , cGttM pHofnf] eof] . lbgrof{ ;Sgf;fy …/f]6?jfÚ hfg tD;Lxfn] . d}n} a'9LnfO{ elg xfn]– hfpF /f]6?jf o:tf] lalrqsf] :yfg x]g]{ ;'cj;/ xfdLn] 5f8g' x'Fb}g .

/f]6?jf h:tf] 7fpF ljZjdf st} 5}g . oxfF xfdL hxfF peL/x]sf x'G5f}+– :jtM Hjffd'vLdfly 6]ls /x]sf x'G5f}+ . d Psbd larlnt ePsf] 5' . htf x]¥of] w'Fjf lg:sL /x]sf] 5 . j0f{g ug{ g;lsg] Toqf] ;'Gb/ gu/– ;kmf :jR5 dflg;x¿ slt lgw{Sssf;fy 3'dL /x]sf 5g\ .

h"g zflGtnfO{ k|fKt u/]/ xfdL cfˆgf] hLjgdf ;'vL x'g rfxG5f}+ Tof] sxL+ afxL/ 5}g, Tof] t klxn] b]lv g} xfd|f] x[boleq klv{ /x]sf] 5 . h;/L Pp6f aLpn] d?e"lddf pd|g sf] nflu hn klv{ /x]sf] x'G5 / hn kfpgf;fy Tof] aLp pd|g ;'? ub{5, 7Ls To;/L g} ;Gb]z¿kL hn xfd|f] x[bodf k'Ugf;fy xfdLleqsf] zfGtL¿kL xl/ofnL cfpg ;'? x'G5, To;}sf] nflu xfd|f] x[bo ;+w} Jofs'n 5 . ha ;[li6stf{sf] ;'ld/0fsf] s'/f cfpF5 t xfdL u/f}+ jf gu/f}+ p;n] xfdLnfO{ lgofnL /x]sf] x'G5 . o:tf rflx+bf grflx+bf efjx¿n] dg 3f]TnL /x]sf] 5 . ljleGg lsl;dsf s}of}+ efjx¿ dgdf pAhLPsf 5g\ . of] …/f]6?jfn]Ú dnfO{ s;/L k|efljt u/L /x]sf] 5 ToxfF k'u]/ d]/f lh1fz' zfGt gx'Gh]n d df emg 56k6fx6 j9L /x]sf] 5 .

pHofnf] x'gf ;fy} d a'9L zfGtLnfO{ lnP/ g} …/f]6?jfÚ a;sf] Ps 306fsf] ofqfdf ToxfF k'Ub5f}+ .

…/f]6?jfÚ sf] hg;+Vof #($%) /x]5 . c;fWo} :jR5 gbL sfO6'gfn] 3]/]sf] 5 . !^ j6f n]stfn ToxfF /x]5g\ . h]6 jf]6LË, jf6/ :sLª, df5fkfng, gf}sfodsf] nflu ljZj k|l;4 5 …/f]6?jfÚ . SoflsËsf] nflu ;jf]{Qd :yn xf] …/f]6?jfÚ . …dfp06 tf/fj]/fÚn] o;sf] ;'Gb/tfdf emg rf/ rGb|df u9]sf] 5 .

ko{6sx¿sf] nflu ;'Gb/td tyf ;fdfGo ;a}nfO{ :jfut ug{ cdf]/f n]s l/;f]6{, j];]G6«n Sn]/Ljg sn]S;g j], cf]/f n]s ;fO8, P; kL P l/;f]6{, cfO{ aL cfO P; /f]6?jf cflb /x]sf 5g\ .

htf 6]s] klg Hjfd'lvdfly ple/xFbfsf] cToGt /f]dfGrsf/L cg'ej eO/x]sf] 5 . Go"hNof08sf cflbjf;LnfO{ …df}/LÚ elgbf] /x]5 . df}/L ;+:s[lt k|i6tfsf ;fy oxfF b]Vg kfOG5 . k|foM df}/Lx¿ df]6f3f6f x'Fbf /x]5g\ . t/ crDdsf] s'/f ltgLx¿ g'xfpgb]lv cln 8/fpFbf /x]5g\ t;y{ kmf]xf]/L x'G5g t gelgxfnf}+ t/======= .

Go"hNof08sf ;SsnL /}yfg] eg]sf] oL …df}/LÚx¿ g} /x]5g\ qmdzM …df}/LÚ ;+:s[lt ;+:sf/sf] af/]df d n]Vg] g} 5' To;} eg]sf] xf]Og /x]5, ljZjsf] ;fgf] :ju{ eg]/ Go'hNof08nfO{ .

d}n] rfx] hlt o;} k6s hfgsf/L lng k6Ss} ;s]sf] 5}g . k'gM of] 7fpFdf cfpg] efsf ub}{ ;s];Ddsf] hfgsf/L lng] k|of; ug]{ g} 5' . c+ Pp6f s'/fsf] pNn]v ug'{ g} k¥of], /fhdfu{ e/L :6«L6 nfO{6sf] Joj:yf lyof] . xfdL sxfF oqf] nf]8;]8Lª < *$ xhf/ d]ufjf6 ljB't pTkfbg ug{ ;Sg] Ifdtf ePsf xfdL gfs km'nfpF5f}+– ljZjdf j|fhLn kl5 xfd|f] Ifdtf 5 . vf]O{ t clxn];Dd * ;o d]ufjf6 gf£g ;s]sf 5}gf} .

;Dembf–;Dembf d lbSs eP clg cgfof; of] c+snfO{ oxL lj/fd nufpg lk|o kf7sx¿ d Ifdf rfxG5' . qmdzM

–gf/fof0fk|;fb zdf{

odnf]ssf] l6s6 lbP/
h]nsf] l8Aafdf aGb u/]/
sf]nsf] uf]? em}+ /u8] klg
;fwgf s]Gb| k'u]5'
Ps 9Ësf] ljZjljBfno e]6]5'
ljif cd[tdf km]l/P5 . -h]n 8fo/L_

@)@) ;fnsf] c;f/ ;dflKtlt/ lyof] . ;fpg nfUb} lyof] . )!& ;fn ;fpg ^ ut] h]n k/]sf] dfG5] 5'6\g] 5'6\g] cfef; kfPsf] lyPF . To;}n] h]n hLjgsf] ;dLIffdf h'6]sf] lyPF . ToxL k|;Ëdf dflysf] sljtf aGof] . y'k|} sljtf, s]xL syf, s]xL gf6s n]lvP . ;flxTo, bz{g / /fhgLlt dgf]lj1fg ;DaGwL k':tsx¿ k9\g] uhasf] cj;/ h'6\of] .

vf;u/L c+u|]hL hfGg] a'‰g] df]x klg k"/f eof] . em08} %)) k]hsf] c+u|]hLdf n]lvPsf] ;f]ljot ;+3sf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] Oltxf; l8S;g/LnfO{ u'? agfP/ cfBf]kfGt k9]+ . Toltn] gk'u]/ km';{bsf] a]nf ;fgf] efu{j l8S;g/L g} k9L EofPF . t/ /6Gt ljBf w]/} sfd nfUb}g eGg] klg a'em]+ . d;Fu csf]{ pkfo klg lyPg .

@)@) ;fn cfiff9 #! ut] 6]sgfy uf}td dnfO{ e]6\g cfpg'eof] . pxfFn] cK7\\of/f] kfg]{ k|Zg ug'{eof] – tkfO{ h]ndf k/]sf] tLg jif{ eof] . ;/sf/ tkfO{nfO{ 5f]8\g] / g5f]8g] s'/fdf b'ljwfdf 5, tkfO{ s] eGg'x'G5 <

d}n] hjfkm kmsf{PF– h]ndf al;/xg s;nfO{ /x/ nfU5 / < uf}tdhL s"6gLlts efiff af]Ng klg l;kfn' lyP / dfofn' klg . d}n] klg em§} s] w]/} s'/f ug]{ <

pxfFn] yKg'eof]– ;/sf/ tkfO{nfO{ h]ndf Nofpg gk/f];\ eGg] rfxG5 . tkfO{+ s] eGg'x'G5 < zfob d clnslt uln;s]sf] lyPF / eg]– uf}tdhL d ;fdfGo hLjg latfpg rfxG5', Tolt eP k'Ub}g < pxfFn] pHofnf] cg'xf/ nufpg' eof] / eGg'eof]– xfdL tkfO{+nfO{ h]naf6 d'Qm ug{ an ub}{5f}+ . t/ tkfO{+ ;/sf/sf] ;xof]uL eOlbP pgLx¿ emg\ pT;flxt x'G5g\ .

o:tf] k|Zgn] dnfO{ clnslt lbSs / cln l/;–l/; p7\of] . l/;fpg] a]nf klg lyPg . t/ d]/f] efj'stf o;/L 5rlNsof] / eg]+– ljrf/, bz{g, lrGtg lbdfuL pkh dfq x}gg\ . a]n'jf a~hf8Lsf] ju{ ;+3if{ d]/f] lbdfuL v]n x}g . b[li6sf]0fsf] leGgtfnfO{ g} ck/fw dfGg] xf] eg] s]xL eGg' 5}g . d]/f] OR5f ;fdfGo hLjg latfpg] xf] . To; lbgsf] s'/f TolQd} 6'lËof] .

km]l/ ;fpg ! ut]sf lbg cfP/ tkfO{ @÷# lbgdf 5'6\g' x'G5 eGg'eof] . xfF;Lv'zL ljbf eof}+ . uf}tdhLsf] tLg lbg x}g kfFr lbg lalt;Sof], 5'6\g] lbg cfPg . dgdg} dnfO{ ufNg vf]h] xf]nfg eg]+ .

;fpg ( ut]sf lbg Pp6f lgj]bg n]Vg k¥of] . d}n] ;fdfGo hLjg latfpg] zt{df 6]sgfyhLsf] /f]xj/df lbpF;f] @ ah] dnfO{ h]naf6 d'Qm ul/of] . cfwf 306f hlt a8fxflsd tAbf/n] dnfO{ pkb]z ;'gfpg'eof] . 5'6\gf;fy cbfnt-cldgL_af6 @@& ?= d'2f ;DaGwL dfldnfdf a'emfpg'kg]{ k'hL{ a'emfpgf ;fy pxfFn] ;f] ¿k}ofF a'emOlbg'eof] . o;/L tLg jif{sf] s7f]/ h]n–hLjgaf6 d'lQm ldNof] .

To; lbg dnfO{ xfF;f] g j}/fu h:t} eof] . a]n'sL & ah] lt/ 3/ k'+u] . kl/jf/df v'zLofnL 5fof] . tLg jif{;Dd h]ndf s'lHhPsf] lhp kf}g] 306fsf] af6f] lx+8\bf d]/f uf]8f ulnxfn] .

h]naf6 5'6]sf] rf/÷5 lbg dfq s] laTg kfPsf] lyof], rfsnL3f6df lhNnf kf6L{ clwj]zgdf hfg] va/ cfof] . Ps l5g dg bf]dg eof] . lgj]bgsf] ;fdfGo hLjg ;Dem]+ . cGttM dgn] dfg]g . n'sLl5kL k"jL{ /fdk"/ lt/af6 lvdfgGb kf08]sf ;fy rfsnL3f6 k'u]+ . kf6L{sf] clwj]zg uf]Ko ¿kdf ;DkGg ePkl5 dnfO{ lhNnf ;lrj aGg cfu|x ul/of] . vfzu/L s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglw an/fd pkfWofoaf6 . h]naf6 ev{/ 5'6]sf] / kfl/jfl/s sf/0f b]vfP/ ;lrj kb :jLsf/ ug{ ;lsg . lzj/fh uf}td ;lrj aGg'eof] . hLj/fh lwtfnx¿ rfsnL3f6 gk'uL clwj]zg ;lsPsf] va/ kfP/ kms{g'eof] . ToxfFb]lv g} hLj/fhhL kf6L{af6 e6\lsg'eof] . To;eGbf klxn] klg pxfFdf km/s dt cfO;s]sf] ;fyLx¿n] eGg] ug'{x'GYof] .

d]/f] cfO=P= k/LIff afFsL g} lyof] . ebf}df jgf/;df cfO=P= k/LIffsf] kmf/fd eg{ uPF . ToxfF k'iknfn >]i7sf] uhasf] cfTdLo :g]x k|bz{g / t'n;Lnfnsf] tGdotfn] cfslif{t u¥of] g} . dnfO{ s]xL a'sn]6 lbOP klg 3/ Nofpg] cfF6 ug{ ;lsg .

h]naf6 5'6]kl5 tTsfn eljiosf] af6f] to ug'{ lyof] . b'O{{ 5f]/f Ps 5f]/L k9\g] eO;s]sf lyP . cg'Tkfbs hUuf hldgaf6 ;fdfGo u'h/a;/ dfq x'g], cGo vr{ wfGg} g;lsg] 3/sf] l:ylt lyof] . cfo;|f]t st}af6 emg]{ ;Defjgf g} lyPg . To;}n] cf]deQm sfsL{;Fu ;Dks{ u/]/ @)@) ;fn bz}+kl5 /fdk'/ :s"ndf k9fpg yfn]+ . o;/L 3/sf] uh{ 6g{ yfNof] .

;/sf/L gh/af6 aRg'kg]{ / 3/sf] cfly{s ef/ klg ;DxfNg' kg]{ b'a} sf/0fn] ;lqmo /fhgLlts hLjg ljtfpg dnfO{ ;Dej lyPg . lxpFbdf cfO=P=sf] k/LIff lbg uPF . ToxfF kf6L{l;t km]l/ ;DaGw a9\of] . b'O{{lbg] kf6L{ ;Dd]ngdf efu klg lnPF . ;/sf/sf] gh/af6 klg aRg ;s]+ .

o:t} qmddf Ps jif{ cfgGbL dgn] laTof] t/ si6 kfpg cem afFsL /x]5 . e/tk'/ :s"ndf /fd;'/t lqkf7L lj?4 cfGbf]ng rls{of] . dnfO{ klg dltof/ 7fg]/ @)@! ;fn c;f/df :s"nd} uP/ k|x/Ln] kj|mfp u/] . To;kfnL Ps/fhhL dfl0fsnfn / dnfO{ cfdL{ kmf];{df /fv]/ vDafdf bfDnfn] afFw]/ /fv]+ . !) lbg hlt uf]? r'6fO u/]/ /flvof] .

d]/f] ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngk|lt lgliqmo ;xfg'e"lt / ;dy{g gePsf] x}g . e]63f6 / ukm klg gePsf] xf]Og . k/Gt' lzIf0f k]zfsf] sf/0f d}n] g9fF6]/ eGg] xf] eg] To; a]nfdf df}g elglbP k'U5 . df}gtf klg Ps k|sf/sf] knfog xf] .

ljBfyL{x¿k|lt ;xfg'e"ltsf sf/0f ljBfyL{x¿sf] lg:sf;g lj?4sf] lgj]bgdf Ps/fhhLn] / d}n] s]xL a'Fbf ylklbPsf] ;fFrf] xf] . o:tf] sfd t :jtGq jlsnn] klg u5{ . t/ k~rfotL Joj:yf cToGt lgi7'/ lyof] . ljBfyL{;lxt xfdLnfO{ & dlxgf h]ndf sf]lrof] .

–/f]dxif{ lwtfn

kf6L{sf] lg0f{o / lgb{]zfg';f/ d]rL dxfsfnL sfo{stf{ k|lzIf0fsf] nflu @)%@÷!÷@) df s=;'ifdf zdf{ / d hfh/sf]6sf] k|lzIfssf] ¿kdf hfh/sf]6sf] nflu Kn]gaf6 @=!) ah] rf}/hxf/L k'luof] . rf}/hxf/Laf6 k}bn ofqf ub}{ s/La & ah] ;fFem vnËfdf s=e}/j;'Gb/ >]i7 sxfF k'luof] . 8]9 306f hlt 5nkmn u/L ;'ltof] . @! ut]sf lbg vnËf d} dlxnf e]nfsf] cfof]hgf ul/Psf] lyof] . pQm e]nfdf kf6L{sf ljrf/, !@ aF'b] /fli6«o cleofg, dfS;{jfb–n]lggjfb / hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfb, dlxnf dfly x'g] zf]if0f pTkL8g / qmflGtdf dlxnfsf] e"ldsf af/] s=/f]dxif{ lwtfn ;'ifdf zdf{ / /Tg k|;fb zdf{n] ljifo j:t' afF8]/ k|lzIf0fsf] sfo{qmd ;DkGg ul/of] . pQm e]nfdf cg]d+; ls cWoIf s=pdf >]i7sf] cWoIftfdf $) hgfsf] pkl:ylt lyof] . e]nfdf dlxnfx¿sf] a'emfO{ / pT;fxn] hfh/sf]6 Pdfn]do x'g] ;DefjgfnfO{ gsfg{ ;lsb}g lyof] . e]nfdf ;d:of / r'gf}tLx¿ g t]l;{Psf klg x}gg\ . r'gf}tL / ;d:ofx¿;Fu h'‰b} cufl8 a9\g] k|lt1fn] tdfd lsl;dsf k5\of}6]kg, ;+:sf/ / ;+:s[lt;Fu h'‰b} cfd"n kl/jt{gsf] nflu dlxnfx¿ zfx;sf ;fy cfˆgf] e"ldsf cbf ug{ k5fl8 kg{ x'Gg eGg] cfF6 Psgf; s} lyof] . a}zfv @@ ut] hfh/sf]6 lhNNffdf ljBfyL{x¿sf] e]nf /flvPsf] lyof] . s=xl/eQm clwsf/L cg]ls;+sf] tkm{af6 hfh/sf]6 cfOk'Ug' eof] . cg]/f:jljo" hfh/sf]6sf ;lrj s=/0faxfb'/ sfsL{sf] cWoIftfdf $% hgf ;xefuL ePsf] e]nf ;DkGg eof] . pQm e]nfdf cleofgsf] cf}lrTo ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] Oltxf; kl/jlt{t kl/l:yltdf ljBfyL{sf] e"ldsf / dfS;{jfb . ljBdfg cGt/fli6«o / /fli6«o kl/l:yltdf hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfbL sfo{qmdsf] dxTj af/] qmdzM s=/Tg k|;fb zdf{, ;'ifdf zdf{, s=xl/eQm clwsf/L, s=e}/j ;'Gb/ >]i7 / /f]dxif{ lwtfn af6 k|lzIf0f lbO{Psf] lyof] . ljBfyL{sf lh1f;f / k|Zgsf] pQ/ s=/f]dxif{ / ;'ifdfn] lbg' eof] . ljBfyL{sf] zfx;, hf]z / hfFu/n] xfdLnfO{ pT;flxt kfg{ :jfefljs} xf] .

a}zfv @# ut] b]lv @$ ut] ljxfg !) jh] ;DdnfO{ sfo{stf{ k|lzIf0f s=e}/j ;'Gb/ >]i7 s} 3/df /flvPsf] lyof] . s/Lj &)÷&% hgfsf] pkl:yltdf /fli6«o cleofgsf] dxTj, kf6L{ leq pTkGg ;d:of / n]lggsf] ;+u7gfTds l;4fGt, dfS;{jfbL bz{gdf cfwfl/t hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfb, clvn g]kfn ls;fg ;+3sf] Oltxf; / e"ldsf cflb af/] qmdzM s=/Tg k|;fb zdf{, ;'ifdf zdf{ /f]dxif{ lwtfn, xl/eQm clwsf/L / e}/j ;'Gb/ >]i7n] k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . s=e}/j ;'Gb/ >]i7n] hfh/sf]6df kf6L{ ;+u7gsf] lgdf{0f / lj:tf/ :yfgLo lgjfr{g ef}uflns cj:yf / cGo kf6L{x¿sf] cj:yfsf] af/]df ;l6s / cf]emk"0f{ k|lzIf0f lbg' ePsf] lyof] . tTsflng cj:yfdf hfh/sf]6sf] j}rfl/s, /fhgLlts / ;f+u7lgs sfdsf] k|ult lbgfg'lbg a9\bf] cj:yfdf b]lvGYof], t/ klg kf6L{ leq lhNnfdf sld6Lsf lhDd]jf/ sd/]8x¿ leq s]xL c;dembf/Lx¿n] kf6L{nfO{ ult lbg ;d:of b]lvGYof] . ;'s'Daf;L ;d:of ;dfwfg cfof]u / kf6L{ aLr tfbfDotfsf] cefj,kf6L{ leq} stf–stf u'6sf] cfef;, gofF / k'/fgf aLrsf] cGt/lj/f]w, of] jf Tof] 9+un] xf]Rofpg] k|j[lQ bIf / of]UonfO{ ax'dtsf] gfddf k5fl8 kfg{] k|j[lQ h:tf ;d:ofx¿ b]lvP . xfdLn] ;d:ofx¿nfO{ uDeL/tfk"j{s xn u¥ofF} . Ps xb ;Dd ;d:of ;dfwfg eof] .

a}zfv @$ ut] s} cg]d; hfh/sf]6sf] ;Dks{ sfof{no pb\3f6gsf] sfo{qmd dlxnf sd/]8x¿n] /fVg' ePsf] /x]5 . s=pdf >]i7sf] ;efkltTjdf s/La $%,%) hgsf] pkl:yltdf s=;'ifdf zdf{n] pb\3f6g ug{' eof] . pQm sfo{qmdsf] pb\3f]if0f s=tf/f zfSon] ug{' eof] eg] :jfut efif0f s=ntf zfxLn] ug'{ ePsf] lyof] . pb\3f6g efif0fdf s=;'idf zdf{n] dlxnf dflysf] zf]if0f pTkL8g / kL8fsf af/]df s'/f /fVb} dlxnf d'lQmsf] nflu j}rfl/s kl/kSjtfsf ;fy ;+ul7t x'b}F dlxnf d'lQm cleofgdf h'6\g'sf] ljsNk 5}g . dfS;{jfbL n]lggjfbL l;4fGtdf cfwfl/t hgtfsf] ax'bnLo hgjfbL sfo{qmdnfO{ cfTd;ft ub{} dlxnf d'lQmsf] nflu b[9tf k"j{s pleg zfx; ug'{k5{ eGg] dGtJo /fVg' ePsf] lyof] . pQm sfo{qmddf z'e sfdgf s=xl/eQm clwsf/L, /f]dxif{,e}/j,;'Gb/ >]i7 / /Tg zdf{n] lbg' ePsf] lyof] . xfdLnfO{ pk/f]Qm sfo{qmd kl5 ToxfFaf6 lx8\g' lyof] . @$ ut] tf/] lkkn s=sfnLaxfb'/ sxfF al;of] . csf{] lbg s/La @% hgfsf] e]nfdf xfdLn] ;Daf]wg u¥of}F s=/Tg k|;fb zdf{ ;d]tn] ToxL lbg jfk;b u7g u¥ofF} . @% ut] kmf]dgfdf s=6]saxfb'/ vqL sxfF af; al;of] . s=sL 5f]/Lsf] ljjfx /x]5 ljjfxdf e]nf ePsf s=x¿;Fu /fhgLlts 5nkmn u¥of}F . @^ ut] 9'Fu]nf s=xs{axfb'/ /fjt sxfF ljxfg ( ah] k'luof] . g'xfpFg] sk8f w'g] sfd u/]/ vfgf vfofF} @ ah] lt/ ToxfF af6 ljbf eof}F . vf]nfdf em]n'Ë]k'n eTsg} yfn]sf] cj:yf lyof] lgs} ;ts{tf ;fy k'n kf/ u¥of}F . -g]=s=sf :yfgLo cWoIfn] ut ;fndf #()))÷– vfP/ k'n sRrL agfPsf /x]5g\_ ;fFem s/La &M!)df s=/Tg k|;fb zdf{sf] 3/ kluof] . e]nf ePsf @*,@( hgf sd/]8x¿ cfpg' ePsf] lyof],pxfFx¿;Fu s'/fsfgL u/]/ af6f] nfUof}F . @& ut] lzIfs s=6]saxfb'/ sf] bz]/f ufpFdf k'u]/ /ft al;of] . csf{] lbg /fhgLlts 5nkmn hfh/sf]6sf] kf6L{ sfdsf r'gf}tL / ;Defjgf g]tfx¿sf s]xL sdhf]/L, kf6L{sf nfOg gLlt / qmflGtsf] eljio / cK7\of/fx¿ af/] y'k|} ljifodf s/La @ 306f hlt 5nkmn eof] . xfdLn] xfd|f] cf}sftn] EofP ;Dd sd/]8x¿nfO{ ;Gt'i6 kfGf{] sfd t u¥ofF} t/ klg s]xL ;d:ofx¿ 5g tn} af6 ljlwk"j{s hgjfbL tl/sfn] ;Rofpg] 9+un] ;sf/fTds ;'emfj / cfnf]rgf ug{} kg{] x'G5 eGof}F. @* / @( ut] If]q g+ @ b;]/fsf] $ g+= jf8 rf}/h]jfdf k|lzIf0fsf] sfo{qmd lyof] . k|lzIf0fsf] z'? lbgdf s]xL ljifo j:t'df k|j]z u¥of}F . b;]/f hglk|o df =lj sf] k|fË0fdf ;f+:s[lts sfo{qmd df sd/]8x¿n] k|]/0ff / pT;fxn] el/Psf] k|:t'tLx¿ k|:t't ug'{ eof] . csf]{ lbg @( ut] sf] k|lzIf0f kl5 pQm df=lj=d} cfd;efsf] sfo{qmd lyof] ;f] sfo{qmddf s=hoaxfb'/ yfkf nufPt cGo kf6L{af6 k|j]z / ¿k l;+x nufPt $( hgf g]=sf af6 Pdfn]df k|j]z ug{' ePsf] lyof] . @( ut] s=hkaxfb'/ a'9fsf] 3/df af; al;of] . o;/L /ftf rf}/, cfu|f, uhf}/f, ;'v{]tsf] /fsd x'b}F @)%@÷@÷@ df s=afns[i0f lj=;L sf] 3/ u'dLdf k'luof], af6f]df x/]s jf;df e]nf / ;+u7g lgdf{0f ub{} lj=;L sd/]8 sxfF rln/x]sf] u'ldsf] k|lzIf0fdf s=;'ifdf / d}n] ;Daf]wg u¥of}F . s=xl/eQm # ut] ljxfg} cg]ls+;sf] $ ut] x'g] lhNNff ;Dd]ngsf] nflu afFs] tkm{ nfUg' eof] . s=;'ifdf ;'v{]tdf x'g] k|lzIf0fsf nflu lx8g] of]hgf aGof] . s=s'n/fh l3ld/] u'dL d} x'g' x'GYof] . s=s'n/fh / d h]7 $ ut] u'dL af6 g]kfnu+hsf] nflu ljxfg} % ah] k|:yfg u¥of}F . hfx/] 3f6af6 ;fgfhfq] x'b}F xfdL g]kfnu+hdf cfO{k'Uof}F, % ut] a]n'sf .

s/La !^ lbg hfh/sf]6sf] ljs6 ofqf klg kf6L{ sfdsf] pT;fxn] ;'ud h:tf] agfPsf] lyof] . lxhf]sf] pT;fx, hfFu/ / hf]z kf6L{ k|ltsf] cf:yf / ljZjf;, dfS;{jfb k|ltsf] ;}4flGts lgi7f, n]lggjfbsf] ;+u7gfTds l;4fGt k|lt b[9tf efjL nIo k|ltsf] c6n ljZjf; sDo'lgi6 g}ltstfn] cf]tk|f]t / kmnfd] cg'zf;gdf afFlwPsf xfdL sDo'lgi6x¿n] ;+:ff/} xNnfpg] zfx; a6'n]sf lyof}F / Odfgbf/ sDo'lgi6x¿sf] oxL efjgf / zfx; x'g'klg k5{ . of] zfx;n] xfdLnfO{ cem}F ltvfb}}{ / bx|f] agfpFb} hfg]5 . ;+3if{n] g} kmf}nfbL agfpg] xf] . cfh o;/L x]bf{ ;}4flGts lgi7f eGbf cj;/sf] /fhgLlt ug{ /dfO/x]sf s]xL g]tfx¿n] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngnfO{ w/fkdf kfg{] t xf]Ogg eg]/ zFsf ug{] 7fpF tdfd 5g\ . dfS;{jfbnfO{ aUofFO{ e|Df l;h{gf u/]/ pu|jfb / r/d blIf0f kGyL af6f] nfUg] vt/f TolQs} 5 . x/]s Odfgbf/ sDo'lgi6x¿n] Odfgbf/L k"j{s ;xL 9+un] sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngnfO{ cufl8 a9fpg bflxg], b]a|] ultsf lj?4 ;+3if{ ub{}, sDo'lgi6 cfGbf]ngnfO{ ;xL 6«ofsdf Nofpg zfx; ug{} kg}{ x'G5 .

–/fwf a'9fyf]sL du/

g]kfn k|x/Lsf] dxflg/LIfsdf lgo'Qm x'gsf lglDt pRr k|x/L clws[tx¿aLrd} ePsf] /:;fs:;Ln] ubf{ /fhgLlts bnsf ;Qf;Lg g]tfx¿aLr ;d]t 7"nf] k|lt:kwf{ rNof] . cGttM h] x'g' kg]{ xf] ToxL g} ePsf] 5 . al/otfqmddf ;a}eGbf dfly /x]sf k|x/L clws[t s'j]/ l;+x /fgfn] dxflg/LIfssf] km'nL nufpg kfPsf] vj/ ;'lgof] .

k|x/Ldf dfq geP/ g]kfnL ;]gfdf klg pRr g]t[Tjdf k'Ug] s;/t x'g] ub{5 . ToxL s;/tsf] em8\sfn] k|wfgdGqL kb\af6 k'iksdn bfxfn -k|r08_n] /fhLgfdf ug'{ k/]sf] 36gf tfh} 5 . g]kfn k|x/Ldf Pdfn] g]tf jfdb]j uf}td u[xdGqL ePsf j]nfb]lv al/otfqmd ldr]/ km'nL nufpg] xf]8jfhL rNg yfn]sf] xf] . al/otfqmdnfO{ ldRg] dfq geP/ lhDd]jf/L g} x]/km]/ ug]{ unt k/Dk/f j;fpg] sfd Toltj]nf ePsf] xf] . jfdb]j uf}td u[xdGqL gx'Fb} k|x/L cltl/Qm dxflg/LIfsx¿ dWo] al/otfqmddf /x]sf JolQm cRo"t s[i0f v/]nnfO{ k|x/L dxflg/LIfssf] km'nL nufOPsf] lyof] . To;kl5 u[xdGqL jGg' ePsf jfdb]j uf}tdn] !% lbg;Dd klg k|x/L dxflg/LIfsdf sfd ug{ glbP/ v/]nnfO{ x6fP/ csf{ cltl/Qm k|x/L dxflg/LIfs w|'jaxfb'/ k|wfgnfO{ km'nL nufPkl5 k|x/Ldf gf+uf] /fhgLlts x:tIf]k ;'? ePsf] dflgG5 . v/]nnfO{ x6fP/ k|wfgnfO{ km'nL nufOP kl5 tTsfnLg k|x/L k|zf;g ;'g t:s/x¿sf] ;+/Ifs aGg k'u]sf] rrf{ Jofks jGof] . u[xdGqLaf6 jfdb]jn] cjsfz kfPkl5 Tof] kbdf k'u]sf v'djxfb'/ v8\sfn] k|wfgnfO{ x6fP/ v/]nnfO{ k|x/L dxflg/LIfsdf k'gj{xfnL ul/lbP . of] 36gf kl5 g]kfn k|x/Ldf /fhgLlts rfs8Lsf] l3gnfUbf] k/Dk/f j:of] .

kl5Nnf] k6s ePsf] s'j]/ l;+x /fgfsf] rog al/otfqmdsf cfwf/df :jfefljs g} eP klg o;nfO{ /fgfsf] 7"nf] rdTsfl/s ljhosf ¿kdf klg rrf{ ul/of], h'g cfjZos lyPg . k|x/L cltl/Qm dxflg/LIfsx¿ ;a}n] ldn]/ al/otfqmddf /x]s} JolQmnfO{ g]t[Tjdf :jLsfg]{ k/Dk/f j;fNg cfjZos xf] . To;/L k|x/L clws[tx¿ cg'zf;gdf /xg] xf] eg] /fhgLlts g]tfx¿sf] 9f]sf rxfg{' kg]{ cj:yf k|x/L clws[tx¿ ;fd' cfpg] lyPg . al/otfqmdsf] JolQmnfO{ pl5g]/ g]t[Tj xft kfg]{ k|lt:k{wLs} sf/0faf6 ;'8fg 3f]6fnf sf08 h:tf] nHhf:kb 36gfn] g]kfn k|x/LnfO{ jbgfd u/fof] . tTsfnLg cltl/Qm k|x/L dxflg/LIfs /fh]Gb| jxfb'/ l;+xnfO{ pl5g]/ k|x/L dxflg/LIfs jGg nfnr b]vfPsf cf]d h+u /f0ffn] cflv/ ;'8fg 3f]6fnf sf08df jbgfdL sdfpg' k¥of] . ;a}nfO{ yfxf ePsf] s'/f xf] . cfkm"eGbf, al/otfqmddf dfly /x]sf /fh]Gb|axfb'/ l;+xnfO{ pl5g]/ g]t[Tj xft kfg{ ;xof]u k'¥ofPsf tTsfnLg u[xdGqL s[i0fk|;fb l;6f}nfnfO{ C0f ltg{ k|x/L dxflg/LIfs /f0ffn] ;'8fg 3f]6fnf sf08 u/fPsf x'g\ . o;k6s k|x/L dxflg/LIfs ag]sf s'j]/ l;+x /fgfn] cfkm" al/otfqmddf k/]s}n] km'nL nufpg ;kmn ePsf] lgisif{ lgsfn]/ cfkm"dfly cfpg] bjfjx¿nfO{ j]jf:tf ub}{ !# dlxg] sfo{sfndf cfˆgf] OdfGbfl/tfsf] kl/ro b]vfpg] cj;/ k|fKt ePsf] 5 . !# dlxgfdf ug{ rfxg] xf] eg] w]/} /fd|f sfdx¿ ug{ ;lsG5 . /fd|f sfdx¿ ug]{ k|of; ubf{ hflu/dfly g} r'gf}tL cfOk5{ eg] klg Tof] hf]lvd df]Ng tTk/tf b]vfpg ;lsof] eg] abgfd g]kfn k|x/Lsf] Oltxf;df ;'gfd n]vfpg] P]ltxfl;s JolQm klg aGg ;lsg] 5 .

–s0f{k|v/ lwtfn

/fi6«klt 8f=/fdj/0f ofbj s]xL sl:;g nfUg'ePsf] xf] ls eGg] ;Defjgf clxn] b]lvg yfn]sf] 5 . cfOtaf/ pxfFn] sf+u|];, Pdfn], Pdfcf]jfbL / dw];L df]rf{sf g]tfnfO{ af]nfP/ s]xL sbd rfNgsf nflu cfˆgf] afwfc8\sfp k'msfOlbg ug{'ePsf] cg'/f]wn] o:tf] ;Defjgflt/ ;+s]t u/]sf] xf] . 8f=afa'/fd e§/fO{ g]t[Tjsf] ;/sf/ …sfdrnfpÚ 3f]lift ePsf] ;f9] tLg dlxgf k"/f eO;Sbf klg b]zsf] /fhgLlts eljio cGof}n / clgZrok"0f{ /lx/x]kl5 ;+ljwfgsf] ;+/Ifssf] gftfn] pxfF s]xL tfTg' yfNg' ePsf] xf] sL eg]/ cfg'dfg ul/g'nfO{ unt 7x¥ofO{xfNg klg ldNb}g .

h:tf] ls clxn] b]zsf ;a} h;f] hfGg] ;'Gg] dflg;x¿n] elg/x]sf 5g\ b]z ;+j}wflgs / /fhgLlts u~hfuf]nsf] o:tf] 8/nfUbf] e'd/Ldf km;]sf] 5, hxfFaf6 lg:sg clxn] ;a} sfg'gL af6fx¿ cj?4 5g\ . b]zsf cg]sf}+ /fhgLlts zlQmx¿sf] ;xdltdf /fi6«n] s'g} lgsf; kfpg ;S5 ls eg]/ tL ;a} ;+efjgfx¿sf] vf]hL eO/x]sf] cg'e"lt ;a}lt/af6 ul/+b}5 . b]zsf] eljiosf] nflu ug{ yflnPsf] of] k|of;df clxNo} z+sf ul/xfNg'kg]{ sf/0f klg b]lv+b}g . ;+j}wflgs / /fhgLlts hl6ntfsf sf/0f ;Dk"0f{ b]z clg0f{osf] aGbL alg/x]sf] a]nf b]zleqsf /fhgLlts zlQmx¿n] b]zleq} a;]/ lgsf; lgsfNg vf]Hg'nfO{ Pp6f ;sf/fTds kxnsf ¿kdf a'‰g' klg /fd|} x'G5 .

t/ s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g, /fi6«klt s]sf nflu sl:;g'–tflQg' ePsf] xf] < of] ;/sf/sf] 7fpFdf gofF ;/sf/sf] etL{ ug{ < jf ;Fu;Fu} ;+ljwfg;efsf] csf]{ lgjf{rg u/fpg < cyjf ;+;bsf] lgjf{rg u/fpg < /fi6«klt s] rfxg' x'G5 eGg] s'/f /fi6«nfO{ yfxf 5}g . t/ dflysf k|Zg jl/kl/ dfq /fi6«klt 3f]lTng' ePsf] 5 eg] /fi6«n] s'g} lgsf; gkfpg] s'/f lglZrt 5 lsgeg] )^@÷)^# otf dfq} afudltdf w]/} kfgL auL ;s]sf] 5 . of] ;/sf/ /fi6«sf nflu Pp6f af]em x'g;S5, t/ csf]{ ;/sf/n] s'g ;+ljwfgsf] hudf 6]s]/ d'n's xfFSg cl3 ;g]{ xf] s;}nfO{ yfxf 5}g . To;sf] 6'Ëf] gnfuLsg csf]{ ;/sf/sf] ult klg afa'/fd ;/sf/s} ult x'g]5 eGg] s'/f lglZrt 5 . s] sf+u|];, Pdfn], Pdfcf]jfbL / dw]zL df]rf{sf] ;xdlt g} g]kfnL hgtfsf] ;xdlt dflgg] xf] < clxn]sf] g]kfnL /fhgLltsf] bf];|f] dxTjk"0f{ k|Zg xf] . ev{/} df]xg j}Bsf] gofF ljrf/ cfPsf] 5, sdn yfkf / lrqaxfb'/ s]=;L=x¿sf ljrf/x¿nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] lbg b'O{ u'0ff /ft rf}u'0ff k|f]T;flxt ub}{cfPsf 5g\ . pgLx¿sf ljrf/x¿nfO{ pk]Iff u/]/ lgsflng] lsisif{ s;/L /fli6«o lgisif{ x'g ;S5 <

cfk"m g} ;Qfdf a;]/ lgjf{rg u/fpg'k5{ eGg] sf+u|];sf] sfo/tfk"0f{ /fhgLltsf] dltof/ /fi6«klt dxf]bo x'g'x'g] 5}g eGg] cfzf ug{ ;lsG5 . t/ lgjf{rg s] sf] ug]{ < of] k|Zg cToGt uDeL/ 5 . Tof] lgjf{rg u/fpg] d]lzg/L / s] sf] lgjf{rg u/fpg] eGg] rf/ bnLo ;xdlt ca /fli6«o ;xdlt x'g ;Sb}g, /fi6«kltsf] sbd klg ;j{:jLsfo{ x'g ;Sb}g .

jf:tjdf b]z clxn] ;fFRr} Pp6f 8/nfUbf] hl6n df]8 cufl8 cfOk'u]sf] 5 . of] df]8af6 /fi6« zflGt, ;xdlt / ;dembf/Lsf] ;/n af6f]df lx+8\g ;Sg] eof] eg] o;}nfO{ g]kfnL hgtfn] cxf]efUo dfg] x'G5 . t/ efjL /fhgLltsf] cfsfz klg Tolt lgd{n b]lv+b}g . b]z cem eofgs åGbsf] e"d/Ldf kf] km:g] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sf k}bf ePsf] 5 . b]zsf kf/Dkfl/s k|hftflGqs ;+:yfx¿ uNof{du'n{Dd eTsfO;lsPsf] 5 . gofF k|hftflGqs ;+:yfx¿sf] lgdf{0f g} ug{ ;lsPsf] 5}g . b]z sxL+ k|hftGqsf] g} ljsNk t vf]hL /x]sf] 5}g < o;tkm{ k|hftGqdf ljZjf; ug]{x¿ s] s]xL ;f]Rb}5g\ < oL tdfd k|Zgx¿ xfdL ;fd' pkl:yt 5g\ .

nf]stGqn] ;Qf …jgfdÚ s';L{nfO{ /fhgLltsf] k|fyldstfdf /fVof] . lul/hfk|;fb sf]O/fnfn] a;fPsf] of] ;+:sf/ s;}n] TofUg ;s]gg\ . pgLx¿sf nflu /fi6« slxNo} 7"nf] x'g ;s]g, k|hftGq slxNo} 7"nf] x'g ;s]g . dft[e"ldsf] ;fj{ef}d;Qf;Fu s';L{ ;f6\g] k|j[ltsf xfdL crfgf] dfq aGof}+ . xfd|f] of] Tofu / ;dk{0fefjn] ;lxb / alnbfg zAbsf] v]tL t df}nfof] t/ b]z cfh b'lgofe/ abgfd 5 . PSsfO;f}+ ztfAbLdf, hgtf;Fu ;fj{ef}d;Qf 5}g, g]tfx¿ g} ;+ljwfg / sfg'g ag]sf 5g\ . s] of] kl/l:yltnfO{ pN6\ofpg ;lsPnf <Ú k|hftGqnfO{ klg kmsf{pg ;lsPnf < oxL k|Zgsf] pQ/sf] vf]hLdf b]z ?dlNn/x]sf] 5

lx6n/

cfˆg} lj?4 jfSo s]jn k|ltsfTds xf], lsgsL oL em"6sf ;d|f6 /fd|f] l;t hfGb5g\ ls s;/L lgbf]{if JolQmsf] ¿kdf k|:t't x'g] / ;f/f bf]if csf{sf] 6fpsf]df y'kfg]{ < pgLx¿ t hg;d'xsf] g]t[Tj ug{sf nflu t8\kL/x]sf lyP / o;sf nflu h] ug'{ k/] klg s'g} nfh dfGb}gy] . oxL sf/0f xf] ls >ldsx¿n] Psl5gsf nflu klg slxNo} z+sf u/]gg\ ls pgLx¿ o:tf lgn{Hh wf]s]jfbx¿sf] lzsf/ eO/x]sf lyP, h:sf] Oltxf;df cfh;Dd s'g} pbfx/0f g} kfpg ;lsb}g, t/ klg jf:tljstf oxL lyof] . ha of] gofF ju{ ;fdfGo cfly{s kl/l:yltx¿af6 s]xL pFef] nfUof] / ;fdflhs Joj:yfdf cfˆgf] Pp6f lglZrt :yfg agfof] ta ox'bLx¿n] of] :ki6 ¿kn] b]v] ls pgLx¿sf] cfˆgf] k|ultsf] bf}8df cfjZos dfWod sxf 5 . klxnf pgLx¿n] zflGt Joj:yfsf] lj?4df >ldsx¿sf] k|of]u u/] . h;/L pgLx¿n] j'h{'jf ju{sf] 5q5fFofdf rnfOPsf] if8oGqsf] dfWodn] gful/s xs k|fKt ug{ ;kmntf k|fKt u/]sf lyP, To;/L g} pgLx¿nfO{ of] cfzf lyof] ls >ldsx¿åf/f cfˆgf] cl:tTjsf nflu rnfOPsf] ;+3if{sf] ;dy{s ag]/ pgLx¿ >ldsnfO{ cfˆgf] k"0f{ lgoGq0fdf /fVg ;Sg]5g\ . ha Tof] a]nf cfpF5, ta >ldsx¿sf] s]jn Pp6} p2]Zo ox'bLx¿sf] eljiosf nflu ;+3if{ ug'{ x'g hfG5 . ghfgLsg} >ldsx¿ cfkm"nfO{ ToxL zf]ifs zlQmsf] ;]jfdf ;dlk{t ub{5g\, h:sf] lj?4df nl8/x]sf] 5' eGg] pgLx¿ ljZjf; ub{5g\ . k|:6;Fu} >ldsx¿nfO{ k"FhLsf] lj?4df n8fO{G5 . o;/L p;nfO{ ;lhn}l;t k"FhLjfbL lxtx¿sf] lj?4df lrRofpg nufOG5, t/ oyfy{df eg] tL gf/fx¿sf] ;+s]t s]xL /fli6«o cfly{s 9fFrfx¿sf lj?4df x'G5g\ . ox'bLx¿sf] /fli6«o ;+/rgfnfO{ ljgf; ug]{ Ps dfq p2]Zo lyof]– Tof] :yfgdf cGt/f{li6«o ljQLo sf/f]af/sf] ;+/rgf pEofpg . of] lbzfdf ox'bLx¿sf] sfo{z}nL o; k|sf/ lyof]M

klxnf pgLx¿n] >ldsx¿sf] v'a rfs8L u/], ltgLx¿sf] b'ef{Uo k|lt uf]xLsf] cfF;' aufP, ltgLx¿sf] kL8fk|lt ;xfg'e"ltsf] gf6s o;/L /r] ls jf:tjd} pgLx¿ >ldsn] Joxf]g{'k/]sf] b'Mvk|lt w]/} ;+j]bgzLn tyf b'MvL lyP, h:tf b]lvGy] . o;/L pgLx¿n] >lds ju{sf] ljZjf; lhTg ;s] . ox"bL >ldssf jf:tljs jf cjf:tljs ;a}vfn] sl7gfOx¿sf] cWoog ug{ pT;'s 5 eGg] s'/f p;n] k|bz{g u¥of] / >ldsx¿sf] jt{dfg kl/l:yltk|lt r]tgf pTkGg u/]/ To;nO{ kl/jt{g ug{'kg{] rfxgf JoQm u¥of] . ox"bLx¿n] a8f] xf]lzof/Lk"j{s ;fdflhs Gofosf] efjgfnfO{ hufpg] k|of; u/], h'g cfo{x¿sf] Pp6f vf; ljz]iftf xf] . ha Psk6s >ldsx¿df Gofo kfpg] OR5f hfu[t eof], ta t'?Gt} Tof] k'FhLkltx¿sf] lj?4sf] 3[0ffsf] ¿kdf kl/j{lt eof] . bf];|f] r/0ff ox"bLx¿sf] sfd oL ;fdflhs q'l6x¿nfO{ ;dfKt kfg{sf nflu bfz{lgs ljrf/sf] k|a4{g ug{' lyof]– ToxL ;Gbe{df dfS;{jfbL l;4fGtsf] cfljisf/ ul/of] . ox"bLx¿n] gful/s clwsf/x¿nfO{ ;fy{s agfpgsf nflu dfS;{jfbL / l;4fGtnfO{ clgjfo{ ¿kn] nfu' ug{] jsfnt u/]/ oxL cfwf/df pgLx¿n] of] l;4fGt k|efjzfnL 9Ën] Jofks k|rf/ u/] .

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/fi6«klt hh{ 8ANo' a'; / af/fs cf]afdfsf] sfo{sfndf cd]l/sL s"6gLltsf] Oltxf; Psgf;n] cf]/fnf] nflu/fVof] . ljz]if u/L zLto'4sf] cGTokl5 cfly{s / ;}Go ;DaGwnfO{ dfq Wofgdf /fv]/ x]g{ yfn]sf]n] ;+;f/sf] Ps dfq dxfzlQm cd]l/sfn] If0f–If0fdf cfˆgf] s"6gLlts Ifdtf u'dfO/fv]sf] 5 . kfls:tfgsf] ;Gbe{df cd]l/sfsf] s"6gLlts bIftf clxn] k/LIffsf] 38Ldf 5 . cd]l/sfn] bf]xf]¥ofO–bf]xf]¥ofOsg vt/fsf] nfn/]vf kf/ ug{ yfn]kl5 b'O{ b]z aLrsf] ;DaGw c;/Nn k/]sf] 5 . PstkmL{ ;}lgs sf/afxLsf] cf8df kfls:tfgdf cf];fdf lag nfb]gnfO{ ks8\g' jf dfg{' Pp6f hf]lvdk"0f{ sfo{ x'g]5 eg]/ pgs} l6dn] ;Nnfx lb+bflb+b} klg pgn] cfˆg} x7sf sf/0f Pp6f ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg :jtGq /fi6«leq sf/afxL ul/5f8] . hals kfls:tfg ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] ;b:o xf] / o;f] ul/g' ;+o'Qm /fi6«;+3sf] a8fkqsf] pNn+3g ug{' xf] . b]zleqs} /0fgLlt lgdf{0fstf{x¿n] cd]l/sfsf] cft+sjfblj/f]wL ultljlwdf ;+nUg ug{ gx'g] ;Nnfx lbPsf] s'/f cfh Psbd} ;To ;fljt ePsf] 5 . cd]l/sfsf] oxL o'4 k|of;sf gfddf kfls:tfgsf] Ps ;o ljlnog 8n/ vr{ ePsf] 5, h'g l:y/tf / ;d[l4sf nflu ;+3if{/t kfls:tfgnfO{ 7"nf] dxTj /fVbYof] .

kfls:tfgsf] of] cj:yfnfO{ låkIfLo ;DaGw;Fu hf]8]/ x]l/Psf] 5 t < ;a} sf]0f / sf/0faf6 cd]l/sf kfls:tfgk|lt c;+j]bgzLn b]lvPsf] 5 . kfls:tfg g}lts ¿kn] cd]l/sf;Fusf låkIfLo ;DaGwsf af/]df k'glj{rf/ ug{'kg{] cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf] lyof] lsgeg] cd]l/sfn] g} af/Daf/ låkIfLo ;DaGwx¿sf dfGotfx¿sf] pNn+3g ub{} cfO/x]sf] lyof] . kfls:tfgsf] Pp6f ;+;bLo ;ldltn] g} cd]l/sf;Fu låkIfLo ;DaGw k'glg{df{0f ug{sf nflu ug{ x'g] / ug{ gx'g] s]xL k"j{ zt{x¿ cl3 ;fg{'k¥of] . oBlk clxn] cd]l/sL / gf6f] ;}lgsx¿sf nflu /;bkfgL cf];fg{] af6f] vf]lnPsf] 5 .

clxn] cd]l/sfaf6 kfls:tfgsf lj?4 cfO/x]sf vt/f / wDsLk"0f{ jQmJoafhLx¿ ef/tsf] d~raf6 tof/ ul/Psf x'g\, hf] oL b'O{ b]zsf kf/Dkl/s zq'tfnfO{ k'gM:d/0f u/fpFb5g\ . ef/tsf h'Qfdf lkm6 ul/P/ ef/ts} z}nLsf 9flnPsf] of] zq'tfefjn] cd]l/sf s"6gLlts sf}zntfsf] ktgsf] ;+s]t ub{5 . cd]l/sfsf] kfls:tfgk|lt k"j{ dfgl;stfnfO{ cd]l/sfsf Ps pRr clwsf/Ln] h'g !@ tfl/vdf lbPsf] cleJolQmdf k|i6\ofPsf 5g\, h;df kfls:tfgn] uf]nLsf] ;fdgf ug{'kg{] elgPsf] 5, geP p;n] ckmuflg:tfgdf /x]sf gf6f] ;}lgsx¿sf] aGbf]a:tLsf ;fdfgx¿ cf];f/k;f/ ug{] af6f] v'nf ul/lbg'k5{ .

cd]l/sL s+u|];sf] Pp6f k|ltlglwd08n] xfn} dfq kfls:tfgsf] e|d0f u/]/ kfls:tfgL g]t[Tj;Fu e]63f6 u/]sf] 5 . gf6f] ;}lgssf nflu af6f] sRofss'r's ePsf] b'O{ b]zsf] ;DaGw / ckmuflg:tfgsf af/]df s'/fsfgL ePsf] lyof] . k|ltlglwd08n;Fu s'/fsfgL ub{} elTsPsf] ljZ;f; sfod ug{ b'j} tk{maf6 k|of; ul/g'kg{] / ;femf lxtnfO{ Wofgdf /fv]/ sfd ul/g'kg{] :ki6 kf/]sf 5g\ .

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k"0f{¿kdf :jtGq eO;s]sf] ef/t;Fu hL0f{ k|foM /f0ff zf;g eolet x'g' :jfefljs lyof] . To;}n] c+u|]hx¿sf] elQm u/L cfkm"nfO{ g]kfnsf zlQmzfnL 7fGg] /f0ffx¿n] ef/taf6 c+u|]hx¿ x6]kl5 gofF dflnsnfO{ l/emfpg] pkfo vf]Hg yfn] . c+u|]hnfO{ x6fP klg pxL dfgl;stf af]s]sf ef/tLo zf;sx¿n] g]kfnsf /f0ff zf;sx¿nfO{ pko'Qm cg'r/sf ¿kdf e]§fPkl5 cfˆgf] :jfy{l;l4sf lglDt pgLx¿n] /f0ffx¿sf] k|of]u / pkof]u u/] . ;g\ !(%) h"nfO{ #! tfl/vsf lbg ePsf] !) ;"qLo g]kfn ef/t ;lGw o;}sf] kl/0ffd xf] .

g]kfn–ef/taLr ePsf] pQm ;lGw g]kfnL kIfaf6 k|:tfljt eP klg ;lGwsf] d:of}bf k"0f{tM ef/tLo kIfaf6 ePsf] lyof] . To;}n] pQm ;lGwdf ef/tn] cfˆgf] :jfy{nfO{ k|fyldstf lbPsf] :ki6} b]lvG5 .

;fd|fHojfbLx¿nfO{ x6fPsf]df 3d08n] km'n]sf] ef/tLokIfn] g]kfn la|l6zx¿s} ;+/If0f / ;dy{g k|fKt b]z xf] eGg] /fd|/L a'em]sf] lyof] . ef/taf6 la|l6zx¿sf] knfogkl5 g]kfnn] ef/tsf gofF zf;s;Fu ldqtf /fVg' clgjfo{ o;sf/0f ePsf] lyof] ls– To;a]nf g]kfndf rln/x]s]f k|hftflGqs cfGbf]ngnfO{ ef/tn] ;xof]u lbof] eg] cfˆgf] zf;g ;dfKt x'g]5 eGg] eo /f0ffx¿nfO{ lyof] . To:t} ef/tsf gofF zf;sx¿ g]kfnn] rLg;Fu ;lGw u/]/ gofF ;DaGw :yflkt ul/xfNg] kf] xf] ls eGg] cfz+sfn] u|:t lyP . o;/L b'j}):kIf km/s–km/s :jfy{sf sf/0f Pp6f laGb'df pleg k'u]sf lyP . :jfy{ km/s–km/s eP klg ef/tLox¿ ef/tsf] bL3{sfnLg :jfy{ s;/L l;4 ug{ ;lsG5 eGg]df ;r]t lyP eg] /f0ffx¿ 8'Ag nfu]sf] dfG5]n] 3fF;sf] TofGb|f]nfO{ klg ;xf/f 7fg]em}+ dgMl:yltdf k'u]sf x'Fbf ef/tLo :jfy{sf ;fd' 3'F8f 6]Sg tof/ lyP . t/ olt x'Fbfx'Fb} klg /f0ff zf;sx¿n] pQm ;lGwsf] d:of}bfnfO{ oyfjt ¿kdf :jLsfg{ g;Sg] c8fg lnPsf lyP . t/ /f0ff zf;sx¿ cfˆgf] c8fgdf kl5;Dd sfod /xg ;s]gg\ . ef/tLo kIfn] u/]sf] d:of}bfdf ;+zf]wg gug]{ s'/fdf tTsfnLg ef/tLo /fhb"t rGb|]Zj/k|;fb gf/fo0f l;+xn] c8fgdfq lnPgg\ ;lGwsf] d:of}bfdf ;+zf]wg rfxg] g]kfnL kIfnfO{ g/fd|f];Fu wDSofP/ eolet t'NofO{ ;lGwdf x:tfIf/ ug{ afWo u/] . To;}n] of] ;lGw ug]{ b'O{kIfsf] dfgl;stfdf km/s x'Fbfx'Fb} klg ;lGwdf x:tfIf/ ePsf] x'Fbf of] ;lGw c;dfg x'g k'u]sf] xf] . of] ;lGwdf ;fwf/0f s"6gLlts dof{bfsf] kfngf;Dd ePsf] 5}g . Pp6f :jtGq b]zn] csf]{ ;fj{ef}d;Qf ;DkGg b]zl;t ;lGw ubf{ tL b'j} b]zsf x:tfIf/sf/L clwsf/Lx¿ ;dfg :t/sf x'g' cfjZos 5 t/ oxfF g]kfnsf tkm{af6 tTsfnLg k|wfgdGqL df]xgzdz]/ / ef/tsf tkm{af6 g]kfnsf nflu ef/tsf tTsfnLg /fhb"t rGb|]Zj/k|;fb gf/fo0f l;+xn] x:tfIf/ u/]sf 5g\ . xfg]{ kIfdfly lhTg] kIfn] tNnf] :t/sf] Jojxf/ u/]em}+ ef/tsf] g]kfnk|ltsf] x]kfxf k|j[lQ oxfF :ki6 ¿kdf b]lvPsf] 5 .

olb ;dfgtfsf cfwf/df of] ;lGw ePsf] eP o;df ef/tsf tkm{af6 ToxfFsf k|wfgdGqLsf] x:tfIf/ x'g] lyof] . t/ cfkm"nfO{ sdhf]/ 7fGg] g]kfnsf tTsfnLg zf;s df]xgzdz]/n] h:tf];'s} ckdfg ;x]/ eP klg cfˆgf] ;Qf l6Snf ls eGg] lemgf] cfzfnfO{ an k'¥ofpg pQm c;dfg ;lGwdf x:tfIf/ ul/lbP . pQm ;lGwsf 5}7f}+ / ;ftf}+ wf/fdf d'vl/t ef/tLo :jfy{ g]kfnsf lglDt slt eofjx 5 To;af/] uDeL/tfk"j{s ;f]Rg' cfjZos 5 . 5}7f}+ bkmfdf elgPsf] 5– ef/t / g]kfnsf] l5d]sL d}qL efjsf] k|tLs :j¿k b'j} ;/sf/ cfˆgf /fHo If]qdf /x]sf csf{ ;/sf/sf /}tLnfO{ cfˆgf d'n'ssf] cf}Bf]lus / cfly{s ljsf; cf} To:tf] ljsf;;DaGwL l/ofot / 7]Ssfx¿df efu lbgnfO{ /fli6«o Jojxf/ lbg] sa'n u5{g .

To:t} ;ftf}+ bkmfdf elgPsf] 5– g]kfn ;/sf/ / ef/t ;/sf/ cfˆgf If]qdf /x]sf csf]{ d'n'ssf /}tLnfO{ lgjf;, ;DklQsf] ef]u, Jofkf/ jfl0fHodf efu lng, rnlkm/ ug{ / c? o:t} k|sf/sf ljz]iflwsf/x¿sf] ljifodf kf/:kl/s tf}/n] ;dfg ljz]iflwsf/ lbgnfO{ sa'n u5{g .

pQm b'O{{ bkmfx¿df s'g} Ps b]zn] dfq csf]{ b]zsf hgtfnfO{ ljz]iflwsf/ lbg] s'/f 5}g, To;}n] o;f] x]bf{ oL b'O{{ wf/fdf ;dfg ljz]ifflwsf/sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 t/ Jojxf/df of] ljz]ifflwsf/ ef/tn] Psnf}6L k|fKt u/]sf] 5 . ;lGwsf] ;ftf}+ wf/f g]kfndf g]kfnL hfltnfO{ cNkdtdf kfg]{ ef/tLo if8\oGq lyof] . Pp6f slZd/L l;lSsddf uP/ :yfoL ¿kdf lgjf; ug{ ;Sb}g t/ g]kfndf slt k~hfaL, slt slZd/L slt dl0fk'/L / slt m:laxf/Lx¿ a:5g\ Tof] ;a}sf ;fd' 5n{Ë 5 . oxfF g]kfndf slt ef/tLox¿ Jofkf/ jfl0fHodf ;+nUg 5g\, ltgsf] x}l;ot s] 5 / ptf ef/tdf uPsf g]kfnLx¿ ToxfF s] u5{g\ eGg] s'/fsf] t'ngfTds cWoog u/]sf v08df s'g kIfn] Ps csf{sf] b]zdf ljz]ifflwsf/ kfPsf] 5 :jtM :ki6 x'G5 . oL wf/fdf h] h:tf] k|fjwfg /flvPsf 5g\ tL g]kfnsf] lxtdf 5}gg\ . o;eGbf 8/nfUbf] s'/f s] xf] eg] oxL wf/fn] ef/tdf g]kfnLnfO{ ef/tLo gful/s egL :jLsfg{ ef/t jfWo x'g]5}g t/ of] wf/fn] ef/tdf a:g] g]kfnL sfdsf] vf]hLdf ToxfF uP/ a;]sf x'g\, To;}n] ltgnfO{ ef/tLo gful/s dfGg ;ls+b}g eGg] ts{sf nflu 7fpF 5fl8lbPsf] 5 . t/ ef/taf6 g]kfn k;]sf ef/tLox¿ g]kfnsf] cb"/bzL{ / lasfp k|zf;gsf sf/0f h'g;'s} k|sf/n] eP klg g]kfnsf] gful/stf lng ;kmn x'Fb} cfPsf 5g\ . d'n'ssf 7"nf7"nf kf6L{x¿ klg ef/tLo :jfy{cg';f/ rNg] x'Fbf gful/stfh:tf] ;+j]bgzLn s'/f gf+Unf] k;n]sf] r'/f]6 h:t} ePsf] 5 . ef/t g]kfndf %! k|ltzt ef/tLo d"nsf gful/snfO{ g]kfnL gful/stf lbnfpg] bL3{sfnLg /0fgLltdf nfu]sf] 5 . To;}n] g]kfn ef/t ;lGw !(%) nfO{ k|lt:yflkt ug]{ csf]{ ;lGw ug{ ef/t tof/ b]lv+b}g . tTsfnLg /f0ff zf;sx¿nfO{ wDSofP/ ;lGw ug{ ;kmn ePsf] ef/t cfhsf] kl/l:yltdf g]kfn;Fu To:t} c;dfg ;lGw ug{ ;lsPnf eGg] s'/fdf ljZj:t gePsfn] g} pm csf]{ ;lGw ug{ clgR5's b]lvPsf] 5 .

ef/t !(%) sf] ;lGwnfO{ lsg oyfjt sfod /fVg rfxG5 eGg] k|Zgsf] pQ/ vf]Hg' k|To]s g]kfnLsf] st{Jo xf] . o; ;lGwsf] 5}7f}+ bkmfn] ef/tnfO{ g]kfnsf] cf}Bf]lus tyf cfly{s If]qdf jr{:j :yflkt ug]{ cfwf/ k|bfg u/]sf] 5 eg] ;ftf}+ bkmfn] ef/tdf e"ld;lxt /x]sf g]kfnL efifLnfO{ ef/tLo gful/s xf]Ogg\ eGgsf nflu 7"nf] k|df0f h'6fOlbPsf] 5 . ef/taf6 g]kfnLnfO{ hah{:tL nv]6\bf ef/tn] tL g]kfnLnfO{ sfdsf] vf]hLdf cfPsf cfk|jf;L eGg'sf] cfwf/ klg oxL xf] . olb !(%) sf] ;lGwsf] wf/f ^ / & nfO{ k|lt:yflkt gug]{ xf] eg] Ps lbg g]kfnsf] ;Dk"0f{ Jofkf/ ef/tLo d"nsf tyfslyt g]kfnL gful/ssf] xftdf x'g]5 / g]kfnLx¿ g]kfnd} cNkdtdf kg]{5g\ . t;y{ k|To]s g]kfnLn] g]kfnsf] l;dfgf l6:6f / ;tnh;Dd sfod ug]{ cleofgnfO{ tg, dg / wgn] ;fy lbg'k5{ . g'g / t]n gcfpg] 8/ dfg]/ sfDb} a:g] xf] eg] Pslbg xfdLn] cfˆgf] :jTj u'dfPsf] b'ef{Uo a]xf]g'{kg]{5 .